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Boston University Office of the Provost Boston University Office of the Provost Nonprofit R esearch at Boston University 2009 Office of the Provost U.S. Postage PAID Boston MA One Silber Way Permit No. 1839 communication WAR Boston, Massachusetts 02215 faith Research family www.bu.edu/research at Boston University coping anger domestic violence post-traumatic stress disorder 2009 crisis accountability ’ S R collateral damage combat human rights civilians modernism motion perception stress cataracts ALZHEIME& PARKINSON’S hunger strikes dimentia interrogation solo performance depression aging Greece Guantanamo Alzheimer's visuospatial function historical fiction military physician Parkinson's drama aria aphasia medical ethics neuroscience music collaboration memory politics jazz tuberculosis rehabilitation mission personality Marburg Hamlet Ebola cure Americanness balance speech bacteria literature poems filoviruses schistosomiasis N F E C T I O U S I DISEASES Ajami script art infectious diseases vaccines architecture HIV mosaic GFP bioinformatics illuminated manuscripts Islamic studies periodontal disease evolution gingivitis IN Ottoman Empire genetic mutations arw genome mapping adaptive optics libraries behavioral changes DNA O F D ar inspiration open access technology development space innovation treefrog YE democracy commercialization sea anemone exoplanets connectivity patent IBEX engineered tissue BU Professor Emeritus Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry global business processes intellectual property S A E www.bu.edu/research Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program Osamu Shimomura discovered what makes jellyfish glow Id page 23 P U T T I NT G O W O R K Aequorea victoria, the jellyfish from which Osamu Shimomura first purified green fluorescent protein. “ our two campuses.” our two across departments andcolleges among and conversations meaningful connections foster and strengths existing leverage to initiatives andtargeted programs collaborative strong developing A t Boston University, we are are we University, t Boston features P U T T I N G Id E A S YE ar O F D arw IN I N F E C T I O U S ALZHEIME R ’ S WAR T O W O R K DISEASES & PARKINSON’S inside 2009 from the Vice President and Associate Provost for Research features 36 Spatial Relations Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy 40 Muslim Mosaic nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit 50 Beyond the Stacks lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum 54 Taking the Helm dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui 56 Everything Preserved blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit get more online augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer www.bu.edu/research adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh Archaeology Journey into the Maya Underworld euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et Andrei E. Ruckenstein snapshots iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent Associate Provost and luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore Vice President for Research 17 SparkNotes for Surveillance te feugait nulla facilisi. Nam liber tempor cum soluta nobis eleifend option congue 25 Cells to the Rescue Linguistics nihil imperdiet doming id quod mazim placerat facer possim assum. Creating video search for a sign language dictionary Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed 33 Smart Tissue diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation 34 Myth, Mexico, and the Movies ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie 39 He Speaks in Your Voice, American consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis Biology dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer 53 Immigrant Song In the field with BU's Bat Man adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore 59 Multilingual Miracles magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation 60 Quantifying Conflict ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie Undergraduate Engineering consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan It really is rocket science et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. facts & figures Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tation ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis autem vel eum iriure dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie 61 Award-Winning Faculty consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan 64 Boston University at a Glance et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit augue duis dolore te feugait nulla facilisi. Astronomy Man on the Moon 2 RESEARCH AT BOSTON UNIVERSITY 2009 www.bu.EDU/ RESEARCH 3 Research War BY KARINE AbALYAN The Wide-Ranging Repercussions of War In the past eight years, the wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and the larger “war on terror” have become such a persistent part of the national cognizance that, in some ways, these conflicts have also exhausted our attention and begun to fade from the public eye. But at Boston University, faculty members in a range of disciplines—including medicine, public health, law, theology, social work, and international relations—are closely examining these conflicts to determine how military organizations, the U.S. government, and the public at large might be better equipped to address war's ethical, legal, and psychological impact. 4 RESEARCH AT BOSTON UNIVERSITY 2009 www.bu.EDU/ RESEARCH 5 Research War “The lawyers needed the doctors to carry out the torture,” says Annas, whose forthcoming book, Worst Case Bioethics, explores the dan- gers of using worst-case scenarios to make policy. “And I think the doctors needed the lawyers to tell them they were immune from war crimes pros- ecution if they participated in them.” His goal is to reverse this thinking and to make clear “that a physician does not escape from medical ethics obligations by putting on a uniform.” To do so, he proposes that doctors, lawyers, and military officers work together to protect human rights, strengthen democracy, and lift the threat of unethical behavior toward U.S. troops abroad. Faith's First Responders To this end, Annas and a fellow professor of health law, bioethics, and human rights, physician Michael Grodin, organized a series of military Military chaplains, who are exempt from documenting medical ethics workshops to give government leaders and high-ranking soldier visits, are often more likely than clinicians to military physicians the opportunity to discuss issues of medical ethics receive requests for help from service members expe- with human rights advocates, law professors, and medical ethics scholars, riencing symptoms of trauma. But unlike clinicians and other health professionals, chaplains are rarely offered as well as retired military physicians. the training they need to administer assistance. After more than a year of workshops, the Assistant Secretary of Seeing a need, Shelly Rambo, an assistant pro- Defense for Health Affairs joined these efforts, and the Department of fessor of theology, and Ellen DeVoe, an associate Defense agreed to fund a workshop on military medical ethics at the professor of social work, have partnered with military Institute of Medicine in fall 2008. The workshops also earned Annas an chaplains to design resources and coursework to invitation to speak at the annual meeting of the Department of Defense’s help chaplains-in-training address the spiritual and Medical Health Services. His presentation focused on the problem of break- religious implications of trauma. These resources First, do no harm: medical ethics must come before the mission for military physicians, ing hunger strikes at Guantanamo—a practice that he argues was used to will combine Rambo’s work on trauma in a religious says George Annas, a professor of health law, bioethics, and human rights. punish, not medically treat, detainees—and was well received by military context with DeVoe’s research on trauma and clinical medical professionals, including Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health practice, offering military chaplains an interdisciplinary Medical Ethics—No Exceptions Affairs, Dr. S. Ward Casscells, who said it prompted him to reconsider physi- approach to thinking about psychological injury. “I think it’s a very logical kind of marriage, if you cians’ participation in attempting to break hunger strikes. All’s not fair in love and war. From the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq to the will, because when people are traumatized, so often In August 2009, Annas and another member of the medical eth- U.S. detention center in Guantanamo Bay, in recent years military physi- what comes up are questions of faith,” says DeVoe. cians have been accused of ignoring medical ethics guidelines set forth in ics workshops are scheduled to address the new ethics subcommittee of “The mental health side of trauma work doesn’t always national and international codes such as the declarations on torture and the Defense Health Board, a body that advises the Secretary of Defense.