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31 July 2000 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 113(2):431-442. 2000. Cambarus (Cambarus) davidi, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from North Carolina John E. Cooper North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences, Research Lab, 4301 Reedy Creek Road, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, U.S.A. Abstract.—Cambarus (Cambarus) davidi is a new species of crayfish from the eastern Piedmont Plateau of North Carolina, where it is restricted to inter- mittent streams, seepage areas, springs, and burrows. Although the ranges of the two species appear to be broadly disjunct, C. (C.) davidi is most closely related to the ecologically more tolerant Cambarus (C.) bartonii (s.l.), and especially resembles some members of the controversial subspecies C. (C.) b. cavatus. Cambarus (C.) davidi is distinguished by a suite of characters that includes a vaulted carapace; a deeply excavate, ladlelike rostrum; a very nar- row, sparsely punctate areola; and an obtuse to nearly obsolete suborbital angle that almost always bears a small tubercle. On 18 August 1993, David G. Cooper highway; NCSM, North Carolina State Mu- collected several specimens of a Cambarus seum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh; PCL, from under large rocks in a shallow, inter- postorbital carapace length; R, river; SR, mittent tributary of the Neuse River, Wake state secondary (county) road; TCL, total County, North Carolina. In the field they carapace length; US, United States high- appeared to be aberrant individuals of the way; USGS, United States Geological Sur- burrowing species, Cambarus (Depressi- vey; and UTM, Universal Transverse Mer- cambarus) reduncus Hobbs, 1956, which is cator coordinates. not uncommon in such habitats in the upper Neuse River watershed. In the laboratory, however, I was surprised to discover that Cambarus (Cambarus) davidi, the specimens belonged to the subgenus new species Cambarus, and to some species previously Fig. 1, Table 1 unknown from the Neuse River basin, Diagnosis.—Body and eyes pigmented, whose crayfish fauna is well documented eye small (X adult diam 1.7 mm, n = 30). (Cooper & Ashton 1985, Cooper & Bra- Carapace vaulted, thoracic section averag- swell 1995, Cooper & Cooper 1995). Since ing 1.3 times wider than deep (n = 52). that time, many additional specimens from Rostrum acarinate; margins elevated, sub- the Neuse and Cape Fear river basins have parallel, caudally thickened, strongly to either been collected or have been recog- moderately constricted at base of acumen, nized in prior collections. They belong to lacking marginal spines or tubercles; floor an undescribed species of Cambarus that (dorsal surface) of rostrum deeply concave, seems to have its closest affinities with con- ladlelike; acumen 24.5 to 49.1% (X = geners that occur in the Tennessee and Ohio 33.6%, n = 52) length of rostrum, latter river drainages. 13.0 to 19.3% (X = 16.2%, n = 52) of Abbreviations used in the text are as fol- TCL. Areola 5.2 to 14.5 (X = 8.1, n = 76) lows: j, juvenile; NC, North Carolina State times longer than wide, constituting 35.4 to 432 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 41.8% (X = 37.6%, n = 76) of TCL and like proximomesial apophyses; proximola- 42.2 to 47.3% (X = 44.1%, n = 45) of teral portion of gonopod set off from rest PCL; areola sparsely punctate, with 2 {n — of shaft by weak groove; in lateral aspect 22) to 3 (n = 64) punctations across nar- (Fig. IB), central projection curved over rowest part. Cervical spines reduced to 90° to plane of shaft, untapered, with prox- multiple tubercles. Branchiostegal spine re- imally directed subapical notch; mesial pro- duced to small tubercle; hepatic and sur- cess inflated, symmetrically tapered, slight- rounding regions of carapace crowded with ly constricted at base of caudal third, with tubercles. Suborbital angle obtuse to nearly subacute, caudally directed apex extending obsolete, almost always bearing small tu- slightly farther caudally than apex of cen- bercle; postorbital ridge short, cephalic tral projection; caudal process reduced to margin rounded and usually devoid of tu- swelling at caudodistal margin of shaft; in bercle. Antennal scale 2.0 to 3.6 (X = 2.5, mesial aspect (Fig. 1C), distal portion of n = 50) times as long as broad, widest just gonopod with essentially flat surface, few distal to midlength, lateral margin thick- setae at midlength. ened and with long distal spine. Annulus ventralis of allotypic female Palm of chela of cheliped 1.5 to 1.8 (X (Fig. 1H) 1.3 times broader than long, gen- = 1.6, n = 51) times wider than deep, width erally symmetrical and subrhomboidal; ce- 1.3 to 1.7 (X = 1.5, n = 51) times length phalic margin convex and fused to sternum, of mesial margin; dorsolateral margin cos- caudal margin subangular, free and capable tate distally, without impression; mesial of slight movement; cephalic half of annu- margin of palm with 2, rarely 3, rows of lus depressed, sloping, with narrow median tubercles: mesial row of 6 to 8 (usually 7) trough, flanked each side by low, poorly de- large, generally adpressed tubercles, sub- fined ridge; ridges diverging caudally, si- tended dorsally by row of 1 to 5 (usually 4 nistral ridge continuing obliquely and ter- or 5) smaller tubercles. Fixed finger of che- minating before joining caudosinistral wall, la costate laterally, with well defined lon- dextral ridge curving caudodextrally to gitudinal ridges dorsally and ventrally; op- merge with upper arm of heavy, C-shaped posable surface of finger with row of 4 to caudodextral wall; transverse tongue prom- 11 (usually 5 or 6) tubercles in addition to inent, originating from sinistral wall near subconical tubercle; dactyl 1.7 to 2.6 (X — caudal midline, continuing cephalically and 2.0, n = 51) times as long as mesial margin slightly obliquely before turning dextrally of palm, with strong longitudinal ridge dor- and plunging into fossa beneath dextral sally, weaker ridge ventrally; mesial margin wall; sinus dissecting caudal wall near mid- with prominent tubercles; opposable sur- line. face with row of 6 to 14 (usually 7 to 9) Measurements of type specimens provid- tubercles. Carpus of cheliped generally ed in Table 1. lacking dorsomesial tubercles; merus with Description of holotypic male, form I.— prominent multiple dorsodistal tubercles Body and eyes pigmented, eye 1.8 mm and often row of small squamous tubercles diam. Cephalothorax (Fig. 1A, D) subcy- along dorsal ridge. lindrical, thoracic section 1.2 times wider Hook on ischium of third pereiopod of than deep. Areola 9.2 times longer than males, that of form I male (Fig. IK) uni- wide, constituting 39.3% of TCL (45.1% of ramous, overreaching basioischial articula- PCL), sparsely punctate, with 3 punctations tion and opposed by tubercle on basis; coxa across narrowest part. Rostrum acarinate, of fourth pereiopod of males with vertically with slightly thickened caudal margins disposed, caudomesial boss. moderately converging to base of acumen, In situ gonopods (Fig. 1G) symmetrical, where moderately constricted; margins of with abutted or slightly separated, tubercle- acumen slightly concave and converging to VOLUME 1 13, NUMBER 2 433 Fig. 1. Cambarus (Cambarus) davidi, new species (all from holotypic male, form I, except E, F, from morphotypic male, form II, and H, from allotypic female): A, lateral aspect of carapace; B, E, lateral aspect of gonopod (first pleopod); C, F, mesial aspect of gonopod; D, dorsal aspect of carapace; G, caudal aspect of in situ gonopods; H, annulus ventralis and postannular sclerite; I, dorsal aspect of distal podomeres of right cheliped; J, antennal scale; K, hook on ischium of third pereiopod; L, epistome. dorsally directed apical tubercle, which floor of rostrum excavate, ladlelike, mod- reaching just beyond midlength of penulti- erately punctate, and ascending caudally mate podomere of antennular peduncle; into broad dorsomedian depression of car- acumen comprising 30.2% of rostrum apace; subrostral ridge strong, visible to length, latter constituting 14.2% of TCL; base of acumen in dorsal aspect. 434 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Table 1.—Measurements (mm) of types of Cam- with prominent caudomedian spine on me- barus (Cambarus) davidi, new species. sial lobe; mesial ramus of uropod with me- Holotyp- Morpho- dian keel bearing strong caudal spine, tip of ic Allotypic typic male female male which reaching caudal margin of ramus, caudolateral margin with small spine; lat- Carapace eral ramus with submedian keel bearing ter- Total length 30.3 36.5 30.7 Postorbital length 26.4 31.6 26.6 minal spine at transverse flexure, latter with Length cephalic section 18.4 22.4 19.0 total of 17 fixed spines along margin and 1 Width 15.7 18.4 15.3 long, movable sublateral spine. Telson with Depth 12.6 15.1 12.2 1 long stationary and 1 long articulated Length rostrum 4.3 5.6 4.9 spine in each caudolateral corner of ce- Length acumen 1.3 2.2 1.2 Length areola 11.9 14.1 11.7 phalic section; caudal margin domelike. Width areola 1.3 2.1 1.9 Epistome (Fig. 1L) with symmetrical, Antennal scale subtriangular cephalic lobe bearing short Length 4.5 5.4 5.2 cephalomedian projection; margins of lobe Width 1.8 2.1 1.8 uninterrupted, moderately thickened, lateral Abdomen apices thicker than rest; floor (ventral sur- Length 29.6 37.7 30.6 face) of lobe punctate and slightly convex, Width 13.6 16.4 12.2 concave along lateral margins; transverse Cheliped basal sulcus complete; central depression of Length lateral margin chela 24.4 26.7 23.8 body broad, moderately deep, with cephal- Length mesial margin palm 7.3 8.8 7.5 omedian fovea; lamellae punctate, lateral Width palm 11.5 13.4 1 1.1 margins subtruncate, with 2 large subacute Depth palm 6.8 7.8 6.7 tubercles and 1 small rounded tubercle in Length dactyl 15.5 16.3 15.2 right caudolateral corner (1 large subacute Length carpus 10.0 11.1 9.5 Width carpus 7.2 8.0 6.7 and 1 small rounded tubercle on left); zy- Length dorsal margin merus 12.0 13.8 12.2 goma moderately arched, pits elongate.
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