DOCSLIB.ORG

Citrus Semi-Annual

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Citrus Semi-Annual Required Report: Required - Public Distribution Date: June 15, 2021 Report Number: SF2021-0035 Report Name: Citrus Semi-annual Country: South Africa - Republic of Post: Pretoria Report Category: Citrus Prepared By: Wellington Sikuka Approved By: Kyle Bonsu Report Highlights: The production of South African citrus, mainly soft citrus, new orange varieties, lemons and limes is estimated to continue its strong growth in the 2020/21 Marketing Year (MY), based on the increase in area planted, improved yields, high level of new-plantings coming into full production, and the minimal impact of COVID-19 on labor and input supply. This increase is expected to be partially offset by drought conditions in some production areas of the Eastern Cape, and hail damage in some production areas of Mpumalanga. Duty free exports of all citrus types to the United States under the African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) reached a peak of 91,402 MT in 2020, and are expected to continue their strong annual growth in 2021, as the United States is still considered a premium market. THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Commodities: Citrus, Other, Fresh Grapefruit, Fresh Oranges, Fresh Tangerines/Mandarins, Fresh Lemons, Fresh Orange Juice Exchange rate: Rand/US$ Exchange = 13.42 as of June 7, 2021 Marketing Year (MY) – January to December MT – Metric Tons Sources: Citrus Growers Association - http://www.cga.co.za/ Summer Citrus South Africa - https://www.summercitrus.com/ Ministry of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development - https://www.daff.gov.za/ South African Revenue Services - https://www.sars.gov.za/ Background Citrus in South Africa is grown across the country mainly in the Limpopo, Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Mpumalanga, Kwa Zulu Natal, Northern Cape and North West provinces. Figure 1 shows the map of the citrus growing areas in South Africa. A total of 94,329 hectares was planted to citrus in South Africa in 2020, a 9 percent increase from 86,808 hectares in 2019. This growth trend is estimated to continue in 2021 to 98,700 hectares, based on the significant investments and aggressive new plantings of soft citrus, lemons, and new varieties of oranges. The Limpopo province is the country’s largest citrus production area, accounting for 40 percent of the total area planted, followed by the Eastern Cape (27 percent), Western Cape (19 percent), Mpumalanga (8 percent), Kwa Zulu Natal (3 percent), Northern Cape (2 percent), North West (1 percent), and Free State (less than 1 percent). The Western Cape and Eastern Cape have a cooler climate, which is suited for the production of the navel oranges, lemons, limes, and tangerines/mandarins (soft citrus). The Mpumalanga, Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal provinces have a warmer climate, which is better suited to the production of grapefruit and Valencia oranges. While oranges are the biggest citrus type produced in South Africa and account for 48 percent of the total citrus area planted, there has been notable growth in the area planted to soft citrus (25 percent) and lemons/limes (19 percent). This growth is driven by the attractive investment returns, profit margins from soft citrus and lemon production, and a spike in global demand. Table 1 shows the most common citrus varieties planted in South Africa. In 2016, the tango citrus variety, which was developed by the University of California Riverside, was granted the plant breeders right in South Africa and is expected to offer competition to the Nardocott variety. Table 2 shows that the citrus harvesting season typically ranges from February to September. Page 1 Figure 1: Citrus Growing Areas in South Africa. Source: Citrus Growers Association (CGA) Table 1: Citrus Varieties Citrus Type Varieties Grape fruit Star Ruby, Marsh, Rose, Flame, Nelspruit Ruby (Nelruby), Flamingo Oranges Valencias - Delta, Midknight, Turkey, Oukloon (Olinda, Late), Du Roi, Benny. Navels - Palmer, Bahianinha, Washington, Robyn, Navelina, Lane Late, Newhall, Cambria, Cara, Rustenburg, Autumn Gold Mandarins/ Clementine - Nules, Marisol, SRA, Oroval, Esbal, Clemenpons, Oronules. Tangarines Mandarin – Tango, Nadorcott (Afourer), Nova, Or (Orri), Minneola, Mor , B17, Tambor , Naartjie, Thoro Temple, Sonet, B24 (African Sunset) Satsuma - Miho Wase, Owari, Kuno, Miyagawa Wase, Okitsu Wase, Aoshima. Lemons/Lime Eureka, Eureka SL, Lisbon, Limoneira, Genoa Source: CGA Table 2: South Africa Harvest Period for Citrus Citrus Harvest Period Marsh Grapefruit March to June Star Ruby Grapefruit April to September Navel Oranges March to July Valencia Oranges July to September Mandarins/Tangarines March to August Lemons/Lime February to September Source: CGA Page 2 Grapefruit, Fresh Area Planted The area planted to grapefruit is estimated to increase by 5 percent to 8,700 hectares (ha) in the 2020/21 Marketing Year (MY), from 8,259 ha in the 2019/20 MY, based on the industry responding to the increasing global demand especially in Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Figure 2 shows that while grapefruit area planted has been increasing since the 2014/15 MY, it has not reached the peak area planted recorded in the 2012/13 MY. Limpopo is the leading growing region for grapefruit accounting for 56 percent of the total area planted, followed by Mpumalanga (21 percent), Kwa-Zulu Natal (11 percent), Northern Cape (7 percent), Eastern Cape (5 percent) and the Western Cape (less than 1 percent). The predominant variety planted is the Star Ruby accounting for 84 percent of the area planted due to its high global demand, followed by the Marsh variety at 11 percent. Other grapefruit varieties planted include Rose, Redheart, Pomelit, Java Shaddock, Flame, Nartia, and Fe 1(Jackson). Figure 2: Area Planted to Grapefruit 9,000 8,500 8,000 7,500 7,000 6,500 Area Planted (Hectares) Planted Area 6,000 5,500 5,000 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21* *Estimate Source: CGA & Post Estimates Production The production of grapefruit is estimated to increase by 8 percent to 373,000 Metric Tons (MT) in the 2020/21 MY, from 344,626 MT in the 2019/20 MY. This is based on normal weather conditions, good rainfall received in the main growing areas, and the increase in area planted. Dam levels in all the production areas in 2020 seem to be higher than the levels in 2019, an indication that there will be sufficient irrigation water in the upcoming 2020/21 MY. Furthermore, grapefruit production tends to be Page 3 cyclical and the 2019/20 MY was a down year. Grapefruit is normally harvested between March and September, and the impact of COVID-19 on production, harvest and labor has been minimal to date. Consumption Grapefruit consumption is estimated to increase to 8,500 MT in the 2020/21 MY, from 8,000 MT in the 2019/20 MY. This is based on the rise in production, and to the growing awareness and perceived health benefits of grapefruit in the domestic market. Citrus has seen a surge in demand due to the assumed benefits of Vitamin C in boosting immunity against COVID-19. Notably, grapefruit is not a very popular citrus fruit in the domestic market, with many consumers largely unfamiliar to its qualities and taste in South Africa. As a result, the fresh grapefruit per capita consumption in South Africa is still relatively low at below 1 kg per annum because the majority of the population has not acquired the taste for grapefruit. Processing On average, 29 percent of total grapefruit produced is used for processing. Post estimates that the grapefruit delivered for processing will increase by 12 percent to 105,000 MT in the 2020/21 MY, from 94,000 MT in the 2019/20 MY, based on the increase in production. Grapefruit is processed to juice and concentrate, the majority of which is exported to Europe. The left-over pulp following commercial juice extraction is an important source of grapefruit oil which is used as a flavoring agent in many soft drinks. The inner peel is a source of pectin and citric acid, which are both used by the food industry to preserve fruits, jams, and marmalades. Naringin is also extracted from grapefruit peel, and gives tonic-water its distinctive bitter flavor. The grapefruit peel oil is used in scented fragrances. Exports Post estimates that grapefruit exports will increase by 7 percent to 260,000 MT in the 2020/21 MY, from 244,334 MT in the 2019/20 MY, based on the rise in production, continued demand for citrus in global markets for health reasons, and the pace of exports up to April 2021. Citrus has seen a surge in demand due to the assumed benefits of Vitamin C in boosting immunity against COVID-19. The 2019/20 MY export of grapefruit was revised downwards to 244,334 MT based on final Trade Data Monitor figures. Europe is the largest market for South African grapefruit exports accounting for 42 percent of total exports in 2019, followed by Asia at 39 percent. Although South Africa has a free trade agreement with the European Union (EU) which allows duty free access for its citrus exports, South Africa continues to face challenges due to Citrus Black Spot (CBS) and False Coddling Moth (FCM) in the EU market. Industry estimates that it is costing South Africa almost R1.8 Billion (US$134 Million) to address and comply with the CBS requirements in the EU market. In 2021, South Africa (“Fruit South Africa”) and China (Chamber of Commerce) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to promote greater cooperation and statistical information exchange between the two countries` fresh fruit industries.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mapping Irrigated Areas in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
    IWMI Working Paper Mapping Irrigated Areas in the Limpopo Province, 172 South Africa Xueliang Cai, James Magidi, Luxon Nhamo and Barbara van Koppen Working Papers The publications in this series record the work and thinking of IWMI researchers, and knowledge that the Institute’s scientific management feels is worthy of documenting. This series will ensure that scientific data and other information gathered or prepared as a part of the research work of the Institute are recorded and referenced. Working Papers could include project reports, case studies, conference or workshop proceedings, discussion papers or reports on progress of research, country-specific research reports, monographs, etc. Working Papers may be copublished, by IWMI and partner organizations. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI IWMI’s mission is to provide evidence-based solutions to sustainably manage water and land resources for food security, people’s livelihoods and the environment. IWMI works in partnership with governments, civil society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have a tangible impact on poverty reduction, food security
    [Show full text]
  • The Free State, South Africa
    Higher Education in Regional and City Development Higher Education in Regional and City Higher Education in Regional and City Development Development THE FREE STATE, SOUTH AFRICA The third largest of South Africa’s nine provinces, the Free State suffers from The Free State, unemployment, poverty and low skills. Only one-third of its working age adults are employed. 150 000 unemployed youth are outside of training and education. South Africa Centrally located and landlocked, the Free State lacks obvious regional assets and features a declining economy. Jaana Puukka, Patrick Dubarle, Holly McKiernan, How can the Free State develop a more inclusive labour market and education Jairam Reddy and Philip Wade. system? How can it address the long-term challenges of poverty, inequity and poor health? How can it turn the potential of its universities and FET-colleges into an active asset for regional development? This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for regional development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system T impacts upon regional and local development and bring together universities, other he Free State, South Africa higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them. CONTENTS Chapter 1. The Free State in context Chapter 2. Human capital and skills development in the Free State Chapter 3.
    [Show full text]
  • RESILIENCE in the LIMPOPO BASIN (RESILIM) PROGRAM Final Report
    RESILIENCE IN THE LIMPOPO BASIN (RESILIM) PROGRAM Final Report October 1, 2017 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. RESILIENCE IN THE LIMPOPO BASIN (RESILIM) PROGRAM Final Report October 1, 2107 Contract No. AID-674-C-12-00006 Cover photo: Across the Limpopo River Basin, the livelihoods of people such as this fisherman in Mozambique depend on effective transboundary management of natural resources, including water and biodiversity, as well as future climate impacts. Credit: Climate Investment Funds Action, 2014. CONTENTS Acronyms .............................................................................................................................................. i Executive Summary............................................................................................................................ ii 1. Project Context .............................................................................................................................. 1 Climate and Weather ................................................................................................................................... 1 Water Demand .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Provinces at a Glance
    Provinces at a glance THE SOUTH AFRICA I KNOW, THE HOME I UNDERSTAND De Bruyn Park Building, 170 Thabo Sehume Street, Pretoria, 0002 Private Bag X44, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa User information service: +27(12) 310 8600, Fax: +27(12) 310 8500 Main switchboard: +27(12) 310 8911, Fax: +27(12) 321 7381 Website: www.statssa.gov.za, Email: [email protected] Census 2011 Provinces at a glance Statistics South Africa Pali Lehohla Statistician-General Report No. 03-01-43 Statistics South Africa Census 2011 Provinces at a glance / Statistics South Africa Published by Statistics South Africa, Private Bag X44, Pretoria 0001 © Statistics South Africa, 2012 Users may apply or process this data, provided Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) is acknowledged as the original source of the data; that it is specified that the application and/or analysis is the result of the user's independent processing of the data; and that neither the basic data nor any reprocessed version or application thereof may be sold or offered for sale in any form whatsoever without prior permission from Stats SA. Stats SA Library Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) Data Census 2011 Provinces at a glance / Statistics South Africa. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, 2012 Report no.: 03-01-43 82 pp ISBN 978-0-621-41390-8 A complete set of Stats SA publications is available at Stats SA Library and the following libraries: National Library of South Africa, Pretoria Division National Library of South Africa, Cape Town Division Library of Parliament, Cape Town Bloemfontein Public Library
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of Organisations and Resources for People with Disabilities in South Africa
    DISABILITY ALL SORTS A DIRECTORY OF ORGANISATIONS AND RESOURCES FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA University of South Africa CONTENTS FOREWORD ADVOCACY — ALL DISABILITIES ADVOCACY — DISABILITY-SPECIFIC ACCOMMODATION (SUGGESTIONS FOR WORK AND EDUCATION) AIRLINES THAT ACCOMMODATE WHEELCHAIRS ARTS ASSISTANCE AND THERAPY DOGS ASSISTIVE DEVICES FOR HIRE ASSISTIVE DEVICES FOR PURCHASE ASSISTIVE DEVICES — MAIL ORDER ASSISTIVE DEVICES — REPAIRS ASSISTIVE DEVICES — RESOURCE AND INFORMATION CENTRE BACK SUPPORT BOOKS, DISABILITY GUIDES AND INFORMATION RESOURCES BRAILLE AND AUDIO PRODUCTION BREATHING SUPPORT BUILDING OF RAMPS BURSARIES CAREGIVERS AND NURSES CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — EASTERN CAPE CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — FREE STATE CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — GAUTENG CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — KWAZULU-NATAL CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — LIMPOPO CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — MPUMALANGA CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — NORTHERN CAPE CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — NORTH WEST CAREGIVERS AND NURSES — WESTERN CAPE CHARITY/GIFT SHOPS COMMUNITY SERVICE ORGANISATIONS COMPENSATION FOR WORKPLACE INJURIES COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES CONVERSION OF VEHICLES COUNSELLING CRÈCHES DAY CARE CENTRES — EASTERN CAPE DAY CARE CENTRES — FREE STATE 1 DAY CARE CENTRES — GAUTENG DAY CARE CENTRES — KWAZULU-NATAL DAY CARE CENTRES — LIMPOPO DAY CARE CENTRES — MPUMALANGA DAY CARE CENTRES — WESTERN CAPE DISABILITY EQUITY CONSULTANTS DISABILITY MAGAZINES AND NEWSLETTERS DISABILITY MANAGEMENT DISABILITY SENSITISATION PROJECTS DISABILITY STUDIES DRIVING SCHOOLS E-LEARNING END-OF-LIFE DETERMINATION ENTREPRENEURIAL
    [Show full text]
  • 20 (Section B) Limpopo Province
    Section B: NationalProfile Limpopo and District Province Profiles 20 Limpopo Province Mopani District Municipality (DC33) Mopani is located in the north-eastern quadrant of Limpopo Province and comprises five health sub-districts: Ba- Phalaborwa, Greater Giyani, Greater Letaba, Greater Tzaneen and Maruleng. It has a population of 1 138 063, with a population density of 56.9 persons per km2 and falls in socio-economic Quintile 2. Estimated medical scheme coverage is 6.7%. Social determinants of healtha Population per selected category Unemployment ratea 39.4% Population category 2017 2018 2019 2020 Youth unemployment rate (15-34 years)a 51.4% under 1 year 27 962 27 875 27 195 26 012 No schooling 17.1% under 5 years 137 287 137 200 135 841 133 506 Matric 24.8% 05-09 years 128 595 130 142 131 931 133 933 Higher education 8.1% 10-14 years 119 168 121 295 123 342 125 104 Households 338 427 15-19 years 113 626 111 946 111 872 113 308 Female-headed households 49.2% 20-24 years 122 592 118 219 113 340 108 806 Formal dwellings 90.7% 25-29 years 124 009 124 059 123 035 120 664 Flush toilet connected to sewerage 14.1% 30-34 years 99 610 105 531 111 694 117 599 Weekly refuse removal 15.6% 35-39 years 81 012 83 494 85 532 87 295 Piped water inside dwellings 12.8% 40-44 years 63 687 66 218 68 904 71 636 Electricity for lighting 94.5% 45-49 years 51 503 52 907 54 444 56 182 Blue Drop water score 62.0% 50-54 years 42 753 43 816 44 867 45 919 55-59 years 35 655 36 304 37 086 37 936 Source: StatsSA.
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Plan of Action (Epoa) South Africa: Tropical Storm Eloise
    P a g e | 1 Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) South Africa: Tropical Storm Eloise DREF Operation MDRZA009 Glide n°: TC-2021-000011-ZAF For DREF; Date of issue: 03 February 2021 Expected timeframe: 3 months Expected end date: 31 March 2021 Category allocated to the of the disaster or crisis: Yellow DREF allocated: CHF 38,893sn Total number of people 3,200 household (640 Number of people to be 300 hh (1500 people) affected: HH) assisted: Provinces affected: Kwa Zulu Natal, Provinces/Regions targeted: Kwa Zulu Natal, Mpumalanga and Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces Limpopo provinces Host National Society(ies) presence (n° of volunteers, staff, branches): 220 volunteers (10 KZN, 5 Mpumalanga and 5 Limpopo) 24 staff members Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners actively involved in the operation: IFRC. Other partner organizations actively involved in the operation: Government, Civil Societies <Please click here for the budget and click here for contacts.> A. Situation analysis Description of the disaster The Tropical storm landed in South Africa on the 24 January 2021 after it was predicted by South African Weather Service.According to a Government report through its Command-and-Control Centre, some 3,200 people (640 HH) in Kwa Zulu Natal, Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces have been affected by heavy rains and flooding following Tropical Storm Eloise. The tropical storms also extended to other provinces with no damages. The floods triggered by the heavy rain have reportedly killed four people so far. Across all the three provinces, homes were partially or completely destroyed, families. 41 households were displaced and assisted with food parcels, blankets, and some with temporary shelter sof ar, but numbers are expected to be higher as the rain is rcontinuing in the three provinces with high recording of rainfall.
    [Show full text]
  • Provincial Profile: Limpopo
    Provincial profile: Limpopo The South Africa I know, the home I understand Provincial profile: Limpopo Census 2011 Statistics South Africa Pali Lehohla Report No. 03-01-78 (2011) Statistician-General Statistics South Africa ii Census 2011 Provincial Profile: Limpopo / Statistics South Africa Published by Statistics South Africa, Private Bag X44, Pretoria 0001 © Statistics South Africa, 2014 Users may apply or process this data, provided Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) is acknowledged as the original source of the data; that it is specified that the application and/or analysis is the result of the user's independent processing of the data; and that neither the basic data nor any reprocessed version or application thereof may be sold or offered for sale in any form whatsoever without prior permission from Stats SA. Stats SA Library Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) Data Census 2011 Provincial Profile: Limpopo / Statistics South Africa. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa 2014 58p. [Report No. 03-01-78 (2011)] ISBN: 978-0-621-43217-6 A complete set of Stats SA publications is available at the Stats SA Library and the following libraries: National Library of South Africa, Pretoria Division National Library of South Africa, Cape Town Division Natal Society Library, Pietermaritzburg Library of Parliament, Cape Town Bloemfontein Public Library Johannesburg Public Library Eastern Cape Library Services, King William's Town Central Regional Library, Polokwane Central Reference Library, Nelspruit Central Reference Collection, Kimberley Central Reference Library, Mmabatho This publication is available on the Stats SA website: www.statssa.gov.za Enquiries: Limpopo Provincial Office Tel: (015) 295 3300 Census 2011 Provincial Profile: Limpopo, Report 03-01-78 Statistics South Africa iii Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DDM Update Lessons Learned & Lessons Shared Waterberg District
    DDM UPDATE LESSONS LEARNED & LESSONS SHARED WATERBERG DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY WATERbERG dISTRICT ddM’S perspective MEETING: SALGA’S REFLECTIONS ON THE DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT MODEL, A YEAR LATER DATE : 10 DECEMBER 2020 TIME : 09H00 VENUE : VIRTUAL PLATFORMS DISCUSSION POINTS Waterberg DDM Overview Structural Arrangements Challenges; COVID-19 Impact on Local Government (Municipalities) Partnerships & Collaborators Current and Upcoming Activities (Re-Imagine Waterberg and Economic Recovery Plans) Geographical Map-Locality KPA 1. SPATIAL RATIONALE 4 DDM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCE DDM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCE The Pilots/Prototypes (THUMA-MINA) Develop one plan that responds to the needs and aspirations of communities within the Districts and Metros as impact zones. 7 BACKGROUND The principles of cooperative governance are pursued in Chapter 4 of the Constitution which (amongst others) calls on “all spheres and all organs of state” to “…secure the well-being of the people of the Republic; [and] provide effective, transparent, accountable and coherent government for the Republic as a whole; ….” The Constitution also gives “developmental duties” to local government in section 153, with the overall requirement that local governments: “a. provide democratic and accountable government for local communities; b. ensure the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner; c. promote social and economic development; d. promote a safe and healthy environment; and e. encourage the involvement of communities and community
    [Show full text]
  • Mid-Year Population Estimates, 2020 STATISTICS SOUTH AFRICA Iii P0302
    Private Bag X44, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa, ISIbalo House, Koch Street, Salvokop, Pretoria, 0002 www.statssa.gov.za, [email protected], Tel +27 12 310 8911 STATISTICAL RELEASE P0302 Mid-year population estimates 2020 Embargoed until: 9th July 2020 10:30 ENQUIRIES: FORTHCOMING ISSUE: EXPECTED RELEASE DATE User Information Services 2021 31 July 2021 Tel:(012)310 8600/4892/8390 STATISTICS SOUTH AFRICA ii P0302 Contents Acronyms and abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. iv Definitions and concepts………………………………………………………… .................................................. viii Covid-19 implication of MYPE 2020 series…..………………………………………………………………..…… .vi Summary…………………………………………………….………………………………...………………………..viii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Demographic and other assumptions ......................................................................................................... 2 3. Demographic and other indicators .............................................................................................................. 4 4. National population estimates ..................................................................................................................... 9 5. Provincial population estimates ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Identification of Possible Future Provincial Boundaries for South
    Volume 24 (2), pp. 131{156 ORiON http://www.orssa.org.za ISSN 0529-191-X c 2008 The identification of possible future provincial boundaries for South Africa based on an intramax analysis of journey-to-work data JH Nel∗ SC Krygsmany T de Jongz Received: 12 August 2008; Revised: 24 October 2008; Accepted: 27 October 2008 Abstract National census data contain information on place of residence and place of work. It is possible to combine this information and create journey-to-work flows. The process of establishing these flows are presented in this paper. The intramax method is explained and used to identify functional regions based upon these flows. Interesting applications, such as the demarcation of regions in South Africa are considered and solutions to disputed areas are put forward. The process of the creation of the current provincial boundaries are discussed. New boundaries, based on the intramax analysis of the journey-to-work data are proposed for four or five new provinces. Results compare favourably with those from a principal component and cluster analysis, which has previously been used to demarcate the South African space economy into a hierarchy of development regions. Key words: Journey-to-work flows, provincial boundaries, intramax method, principal component analysis, functional regions, demarcation of regions. 1 Introduction On 28 May 1993, the Negotiating Council of the Multiparty Negotiating Process estab- lished a fifteen-person commission to make proposals for new internal boundaries in South Africa [7]. The resulting Commission on the Demarcation/Delimitation of Regions (the CDDR) held its first meeting on 8 June 1993 and reached a decision by 31 July 1993.
    [Show full text]
  • Provinces at a Glance
    COVID-19 WEEKLY EPIDEMIOLOGY BRIEF SOUTH AFRICA WEEK 1 2021 CUMULATIVE DATA FROM 31 09 JANUARY JANUARY CASES PERSONS 1 231 597 2 065,7 IN TOTAL INCIDENCE RISK* 106 274 40 THIS WEEK MEDIAN AGE LIMPOPO PROVINCES AT 37 197 635,6 IN TOTAL /100,000* A GLANCE CASES NORTH WEST GAUTENG 46 451 1 130,5 333 842 2 155,5 IN TOTAL /100,000* IN TOTAL /100,000* CASES CASES NORTHERN CAPE MPUMALANGA 27 648 2 138,6 45 894 980,7 IN TOTAL /100,000* IN TOTAL /100,000* CASES CASES WESTERN CAPE KWAZULU-NATAL 241 001 3 440,1 252 115 2 186,3 IN TOTAL /100,000* IN TOTAL /100,000* CASES CASES EASTERN CAPE FREE STATE 180 689 2 683,2 66 760 2 279,4 IN TOTAL /100,000* * Incidence risk - cases per 100 000 persons IN TOTAL /100,000* CASES ** based on samples collected/received in current reporting CASES week www.nicd.ac.za TOLL-FREE NUMBER 0800 029 999 PAGE 1 COVID-19 WEEKLY EPIDEMIOLOGY BRIEF WEEK 1 2021 SUMMARY Overview of report Disease surveillance is a core function of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD), a division of the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS). This report summarises data from a national laboratory-based surveillance system that is used to monitor the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Africa. This report is based on data collected up to 9 January 2021 (week 1 of 2021). Note: COVID-19 is the name of the disease and SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the virus.
    [Show full text]