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Microservices Best Practices for Java

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Microservices Best Practices for Java Front cover Microservices Best Practices for Java Michael Hofmann Erin Schnabel Katherine Stanley Redbooks International Technical Support Organization Microservices Best Practices for Java December 2016 SG24-8357-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page vii. First Edition (December 2016) This edition applies to WebSphere Application Server Liberty v9. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2016. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . vii Trademarks . viii Preface . ix Authors. ix Now you can become a published author, too! . xi Comments welcome. xi Stay connected to IBM Redbooks . xi Chapter 1. Overview . 1 1.1 Cloud native applications . 2 1.2 Twelve factors . 2 1.3 Microservices . 3 1.3.1 The meaning of “small” . 4 1.3.2 Independence and autonomy . 4 1.3.3 Resilience and Fault tolerance . 6 1.3.4 Automated environment . 6 1.4 Philosophy and team structure . 7 1.5 Examples . 7 1.5.1 Online retail store . 7 1.5.2 Game On! . 8 Chapter 2. Creating Microservices in Java . 9 2.1 Java platforms and programming models . 10 2.1.1 Spring Boot . 10 2.1.2 Dropwizard . 10 2.1.3 Java Platform, Enterprise Edition . 10 2.2 Versioned dependencies. 11 2.3 Identifying services . 11 2.3.1 Applying domain-driven design principles. 12 2.3.2 Translating domain elements into services. 13 2.3.3 Application and service structure . 15 2.3.4 Shared library or new service? . 17 2.4 Creating REST APIs . 18 2.4.1 Top down or bottom up? . 18 2.4.2 Documenting APIs . 18 2.4.3 Use the correct HTTP verb . 19 2.4.4 Create machine-friendly, descriptive results . 20 2.4.5 Resource URIs and versioning . 20 Chapter 3. Locating services . 25 3.1 Service registry . 26 3.1.1 Third-party registration versus self-registration. 26 3.1.2 Availability versus consistency . 27 3.2 Service invocation . 27 3.2.1 Server side . 27 3.2.2 Client side . 29 3.3 API Gateway . 32 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2016. All rights reserved. iii Chapter 4. Microservice communication . 33 4.1 Synchronous and asynchronous. 34 4.1.1 Synchronous messaging (REST) . 34 4.1.2 Asynchronous messaging (events). 35 4.1.3 Examples . 36 4.2 Fault tolerance . 37 4.2.1 Resilient against change. 37 4.2.2 Timeouts . 39 4.2.3 Circuit breakers. 39 4.2.4 Bulkheads . 39 Chapter 5. Handling data . 41 5.1 Data-specific characteristics of a microservice . 42 5.1.1 Domain-driven design leads to entities . 42 5.1.2 Separate data store per microservice . 43 5.1.3 Polyglot persistence . 45 5.1.4 Data sharing across microservices . 45 5.1.5 Event Sourcing and Command Query Responsibility Segregation. 47 5.1.6 Messaging systems . 48 5.1.7 Distributed transactions . 49 5.2 Support in Java . 50 5.2.1 Java Persistence API . 50 5.2.2 Enterprise JavaBeans. 57 5.2.3 BeanValidation . 59 5.2.4 Contexts and Dependency Injection . 61 5.2.5 Java Message Service API . 62 5.2.6 Java and other messaging protocols . ..
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