Landscape Advice Note: Examples of post 1945 Designed Landscapes included on the Register of Parks and Gardens

www.english-heritage.org.uk/ professional/advice/advice-by-topic/ parks-and-gardens/ Garden historians and students have • Sites with a strong group value with other heritage assets. expressed an interest in how late 20th • Sites less than 30 years old are normally century designed landscape is covered registered only if they are of outstanding by the Register of Parks and Gardens quality and under threat. of Special Interest in . Late The Selection Guides for the Register of Parks and 20th century heritage is also one of the Gardens provide further guidance on the selection priorities identified in English Heritage’s criteria, these can be found at www.english-heritage. org.uk/caring/listing/registered-parks-and-gardens/ National Heritage Protection Plan (NHPP). This Landscape Advice The Register spans a wide range of designed Note provides a list of the notable landscape types from sites associated with houses and housing schemes; institutions like asylums, examples of designed landscapes dating botanical gardens, cemeteries, colleges, factories, from 1945 and illustrates the range of hospitals, , museums, pumping stations, reservoirs; and sites designed or used for public landscape types. amenity and recreation like public parks, public gardens, public walks, public resorts. THE REGISTER OF PARKS AND GARDENS Most of the post 1945 registered sites to date are private gardens but there are also housing schemes The Register of Parks and Gardens of Special such as the Barbican in London; a department store Historic Interest in England identifies ornamental roof garden; higher education establishments like and recreational landscapes of national importance St Catherine’s College; and several cemetery and from every historic era up to 30 years ago. The crematorium designs reflecting the post Second Register currently includes 50 notable designs dating World War renewed effort to create green spaces from 1945 to 1980. This represents three per cent and the marked move towards more socially of register entries. Many more registered historic inclusive landscapes. Landscape design continues parks and gardens include post 1945 design. to evolve although many schemes, especially in the public realm, like motorway landscaping, lie beyond The older a designed landscape is, and the fewer the the Register’s current scope. surviving examples of its kind, likely it is to have special interest. Designs dating after 1945 are The list of notable examples of later 20th century carefully selected and the following criteria are used: landscape design is shown below in two modes, the first list will be sorted alphabetically by designer, the • Sites which were influential in the second shall be listed chronologically by date. development of taste, whether through reputation or reference in literature. • Sites which are early or representative examples of a style of layout or a type of site, or the work of a designer (amateur or professional) of national importance. • Sites having an association with significant persons or historic events. 2 01

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IMAGES:

Cover: St. Catherine’s College, 01: The Barbican Housing Estate, 02: Dartington Hall, Oxford University, Oxon. City of London Totnes, Devon © English Heritage, James O. Davies © English Heritage, James O. Davies © English Heritage, Peter Williams

3 LIST OF NOTABLE POST 1945 DESIGNED LANDSCAPES BY DESIGNER

List Entry Title County Grade Designer Approx. Number Date 1000456 Kiftsgate Court Glos II Binney, Diany 1972 1001674 German Military Staffs I Brandi, Diez 1959 Cemetery 1000453 Dartington Hall Devon II* Cane, Percy 1945 1001373 Hedsor House Bucks II Cane, Percy 1940s 1000701 Sharpham House Devon II* Cane, Percy 1945 1410977 Salisbury Wiltshire II Colvin, Brenda 1956 Crematorium 1001107 Sutton Courtenay Oxon II Colvin, Brenda 1948 Manor 1000435 Magdalen College, Oxon I Crowe, Dame Sylvia 1953 University of Oxford 1000268 Lexham Hall II Crowe, Dame Sylvia, 1950s Foster, William 1001393 Commonwealth London II Crowe, Dame Sylvia; 1959 Institute Matthew, Robert and Johnson- Marshall and Partners 1001028 Cottesbrooke Hall Northants II Crowe, Dame Sylvia Post-1945 1001299 The House, Marsh Essex II Gibberd, Sir Frederick 1956 Lane 1001514 Friarwood Valley West Yorkshire II Grubb, R.W 1950 Gardens 1001488 Barbara Hepworth Cornwall II Hepworth, Dame Barbara 1949 Sculpture Garden 1001367 Sir Harold Hillier Hants II Hillier, Sir Harold 1950s Gardens and Arboretum 1001156 Tintinhull House Somerset II Hobhouse, Penelope; 1945 Reiss, Phyliss and Peto, Harold 1001388 St. Catherine's Oxon II Jacobsen, Arne 1960 College, University of Oxford 1001425 Civic Square Devon II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1962 1000323 Bucks I Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1950s 1001710 Hemel Water Herts II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1957 Gardens 1000202 Horsted Place East Sussex II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1966 1001017 Norfolk II* Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1947 1000150 St Paul’s Walden Bury Herts I Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1975 1001554 Sutton Place II* Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1980 1001474 The Jellicoe Roof Surrey II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1956 Garden 1001423 Walsall Memorial West Midlands II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1947 Garden

4 List Entry Title County Grade Designer Approx. Number Date 1000710 Bingham’s Melcombe Dorset II* Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey and 1949 Colvin, Brenda 1000387 Saling Hall Essex II Johnson, Hugh 1970 1408334 Japanese Garden at Oxon II* Atroshenko, V and 1964 the New House Mr. Kasamoto 1001549 Queen’s Park Wiltshire II Loring-Morgan, J and 1949 Williams, M.J 1000763 Flaxley Abbey Glos II Messel, Oliver Late 1960s 1001483 The Vale Student West Midlands II Mitchell, Mary 1959 Village, Edgbaston, University of Birmingham 1001573 American Military Cambs I Olmsted Brothers Landscape 1952 Cemetery Architects 1000184 Kent II* Page, Russell; Boudin, Stephané 1960s and Goffinet, Francois 1001668 The Barbican London II* Chamberlin Powell and Bon 1963 with & Partners 1000263 Chartwell Kent II* Roper, Lanning 1965 1000446 Waddesdon Manor Bucks I Roper, Lanning 1964 1001088 Broughton Castle Oxon II Roper, Lanning 1970 1000153 Penshurst Place Kent I Roper, Lanning and 1968 Codrington, John 1000610 Abbots Ripton Hall Cambs II Roper, Lanning and 1960s Waterfield, Humphrey 1001715 Ashton Wold Northants II Rothschild, Hon Dame Miriam 1970s onwards 1000715 Cranborne Manor Dorset II* Salisbury, Lady 1954 1000286 City of London London I Sudell, Richard 1950s Cemetery 1000878 Croft Castle Herefordshire II* Thomas, Graham Stuart 1957 1000768 Hidcote Manor Glos I Thomas, Graham Stuart Mid- 1950s 1000433 Sezincote Glos I Thomas, Graham Stuart and 1945 Kleinwort, Lady 1000468 Montacute House Somerset I Thomas, Graham Stuart and 1951 Reiss, Phyliss 1000773 Glos II Verey, Rosemary Late 1970s 1001646 Barnsley House Glos II* Verey, Rosemary and 1950s Verey, David 1001342 Parliament Square London II Wornum, George 1949

5 03

04 LIST OF NOTABLE POST 1945 DESIGNED LANDSCAPES BY DATE

List Entry Title County Grade Designer Approx. Number Date 1000453 Dartington Hall Devon II* Cane, Percy 1945 1000433 Sezincote Glos I Thomas, Graham Stuart, 1945 Kleinwort, Lady 1000701 Sharpham House Devon II* Cane, Percy 1945 1001156 Tintinhull House Somerset II Hobhouse, Penelope; 1945 Reiss, Phyliss and Peto, Harold 1001028 Cottesbrooke Hall Northants II Crowe, Dame Sylvia Post-1945 1001373 Hedsor House Bucks II Cane, Percy 1940s 1001017 Sandringham House Norfolk II* Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1947 1001423 Walsall Memorial West II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1947 Garden Midlands 1001107 Sutton Courtenay Oxon II Colvin, Brenda 1948 Manor 1001488 Barbara Hepworth Cornwall II Hepworth, Dame Barbara 1949 Sculpture Garden 1000710 Bingham’s Dorset II* Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey, 1949 Melcombe Colvin, Brenda 1001342 Parliament Square London II Wornum, George 1949 1001549 Queen’s Park Wiltshire II Loring-Morgan, J and 1949 Williams, M.J 1001514 Friarwood Valley West II Grubb, R.W 1950 Gardens Yorkshire 1001646 Barnsley House Glos II* Verey, Rosemary and 1950s Verey, David 1000286 City of London London I Sudell, Richard 1950s Cemetery 1000323 Cliveden Bucks I Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1950s 1000268 Lexham Hall Norfolk II Crowe, Dame Sylvia and 1950s Foster, William 1001367 Sir Harold Hillier Hants II Hillier, Sir Harold 1950s Gardens and Arboretum 1000468 Montacute House Somerset I Thomas, Graham Stuart and 1951 Reiss, Phyliss 1001573 American Military Cambs I Olmsted Brothers Landscape 1952 Cemetery Architects 1000435 Magdalen College, Oxon I Crowe, Dame Sylvia 1953 University of Oxford 1000715 Cranborne Manor Dorset II* Salisbury, Lady 1954 1000768 Hidcote Manor Glos I Thomas, Graham Stuart Mid- 1950s 1410977 Salisbury Wiltshire II Colvin, Brenda 1956 Crematorium 1001299 The House, Marsh Essex II Gibberd, Sir Frederick 1956 Lane

7 List Entry Title County Grade Designer Approx. Number Date 1001474 The Jellicoe Roof Surrey II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1956 Garden, Guildford 1000878 Croft Castle Herefordshire II* Thomas, Graham Stuart 1957 1001710 Hemel Water Herts II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1957 Gardens 1001393 Commonwealth London II Crowe, Dame Sylvia; 1959 Institute Matthew, Robert and Johnson- Marshall and Partners 1001674 German Military Staffs I Brandi, Diez 1959 Cemetery 1001483 The Vale, West II Mitchell, Mary 1959 Edgbaston, Midlands University of Birmingham 1001388 St. Catherine’s Oxon II Jacobsen, Arne 1960 College, University of Oxford 1000610 Abbots Ripton Hall Cambs II Roper, Lanning and 1960s Waterfield, Humphrey 1000184 Leeds Castle Kent II* Page, Russel; Boudin, Stephané 1960s and Goffinet, Francois 1001425 Civic Square Devon II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1962 1001668 The Barbican London II* Chamberlin Powell and Bon 1963 with Ove Arup & Partners 1408334 Japanese Garden at Oxon II* Atroshenko, V and 1964 the New House Mr. Kasamoto 1000446 Waddesdon Manor Bucks I Roper, Lanning 1964 1000202 Horsted Place East Sussex II Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1966 1000153 Penshurst Place Kent I Roper, Lanning and 1968 Codrington, John 1000763 Flaxley Abbey Glos II Messel, Oliver Late 1960s 1001715 Ashton Wold Northants II Rothschild, Hon Dame Miriam 1970s onwards 1001088 Broughton Castle Oxon II Roper, Lanning 1970 1000387 Saling Hall Essex II Johnson, Hugh 1970 1000456 Kiftsgate Court Glos II Binney, Diany 1972 1000150 St Paul’s Walden Bury Herts I Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1975 1000773 Nether Lypiatt Manor Glos II Verey, Rosemary Late 1970s 1001554 Sutton Place Surrey II* Jellicoe, Sir Geoffrey 1980

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IMAGES: 03: Parliament Square, 04: The New House, 05: American Military Cemetery, , London. Shipton under Wychwood, Oxon. Madingley, Cambridgeshire ©English Heritage, Derek Kendall © English Heritage, James O. Davies © English Heritage, Paul Stamper

9 OTHER DESIGNATIONS SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

Registration is just one of several designation Brown, J 1990 Eminent Gardeners: some people of approaches. Designed landscapes such as the influence and their gardens 1880–1980. London: Viking Kennedy Memorial at Runnymede (1964-5) by Sir and the Polish War Memorial Brown, J 1987 Lanning Roper and his Gardens. at Hillingdon (1948) by Mieczyslaw Lubelski are London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson listed rather than registered. The evolution of design post 1945 is evoked in the list entry for the Cane, P 1967 The Creative Art of Garden Design. Kennedy Memorial which describes the memorial London: Country Life as ‘demonstrating the perfect integration of architecture with landscape that makes this the Cane, P 1956 The Earth is My Canvas. London: consummation of Jellicoe’s development as an Methuen & Co architect turned landscape architect’. Other late 20th century designed landscapes are included in Collens, G & Powell, W 1999 Sylvia Crowe. Surrey: conservation areas. LDT Monographs

FURTHER INFORMATION ON Colvin, B 1970 Land and Landscape: Evolution, Design DESIGNATIONS and Control. London: J Murray The Register of Parks and Gardens and other Crowe, S & Mitchell, M 1988 The Pattern of designations are available online; the web site also Landscape. Chichester: Packard explains how to submit nominations for designation, the National Heritage List for England can be found Crowe, S 1958 The Landscape of Power. London: online at list.english-heritage.org.uk/ Architectural Press

THE NATIONAL HERITAGE PROTECTION Crowe, S 1956 Tomorrow’s Landscape. London: PLAN AND LATE 20TH CENTURY Architectural Press HERITAGE Crowe, S 1978 The Landscape of Forests and Woods London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office The National Heritage Protection Plan (NHPP) sets out how English Heritage, with help from partners Crowe, S 1994 Garden Design. Woodbridge: Garden in the sector, will prioritise and deliver heritage Art protection from 2011-2015. It is intended to make best use of our resources so that England’s English Heritage 2013 Rural Landscapes: Selection vulnerable historic environment is safeguarded in the Guide for the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special most cost-effective way at a time of massive social, Historic Interest in England environmental, economic and technological change. English Heritage 2013 Urban Landscapes: Selection Late 20th century heritage is identified as a priority Guide for the Register of Parks and Gardens of Special activity under the Measure related to assessment of Historic Interest in England significance in the NHPP Action Plan. Further details on the NHPP and the Action Plan are available English Heritage 2013 Institutional Landscapes: online at www.english-heritage.org.uk/professional/ Selection Guide for the Register of Parks and Gardens of protection/national-heritage-protection-plan/ Special Historic Interest in England

10 English Heritage 2013 Landscapes of Remembrance: Sackville-West, V 1951 In Your Garden. London: Selection Guide for the Register of Parks and Gardens of Michael Joseph Special Historic Interest in England Schinz, M & Van Zuylen, G The Gardens of Russell Page. Gibson, T 2011 Brenda Colvin: a career in Landscape. London: Frances Lincoln London: Frances Lincoln Shepheard, P 1953 Modern Gardens. London: Hadfield, M 1979 G & S JellicoeA History of British Architectural Press Gardening. London: J. Murray Shepheard, P 1969 Gardens. London: Macdonald & Co Harvey, S 1987 Reflections on Landscape: Lives and Spens, M 1994 The Complete Landscape Designs and Work of Six British Landscape Architects. Aldershot: Gardens of Geoffrey Jellicoe. London: Thames and Gower Technical Hudson Hobhouse, P 1994 Penelope Hobhouse on Gardening. London: Frances Lincoln Spens, M 1992 Gardens of the Mind: the Genius of Geoffrey Jellicoe. Woodbridge: Antique’s Collectors’ Hobhouse, P 1989 Garden Style. London: Frances Club Lincoln Sudell, R 1953 Garden Planning. London: English 1994 A Visitor’s Guide to 20th University Press Century British Landscape Design. London: Landscape Institute Sudell, R 1946 Teach Yourself Gardening. London: English University Press Lloyd, C 1970 2001 The Well Tempered Garden. London: Collins Verey, R 1989 Classic Garden Design: How to Adapt and Recreate Garden Features of the Past. London: J Murray Lloyd, C 1983 The Adventurous Gardener. London: Allen Lane Webber, R 1974 Percy Cane, Garden Designer. Edinburgh: John Bartholomew & Son Page, R 1962 The Education of a Gardener. London: Collins Wilson, A 2002 Influential Gardeners: the Designers who Shaped 20th Century Garden Style. London: Parkin, S 1997 ‘Use and Beauty: the Life and Work of Mitchell Beazley the Celebrated Landscape Architect Dame Sylvia Crowe’, in Landscape Design Issue 264. London: Landscape Design Trust

Richardson, T 2005 English Gardens in the Twentieth Century: from the archives of Country Life. London: Country Life

Roper, L 1957 Successful Town Gardening. London: Country Life

11 ENGLISH HERITAGE OFFICES English Heritage is the Government’s adviser on the historic environment with responsibility for all aspects North East East of England of protecting and promoting the historic environment Bessie Surtees House Brooklands in England. 41–44 Sandhill 24 Brooklands Avenue Newcastle Upon Tyne Cambridge The role of English Heritage’s Curatorial Department NE1 3JF CB2 2BU is to help everyone to be inspired and engaged by the Tel: 01912 691200 Tel: 01223 582700 Story of England through sites, artefacts and archives. e-mail: northeast@ e-mail: eastofengland@ english-heritage.org.uk english-heritage.org.uk This guidance has been written and compiled by Felix Mayle (Curatorial Department) with advice from Jenifer White (Curatorial Department), Paul Stamper North West London (Designation Department) and Fridy Duterloo-Morgan Suites 3.3 and 3.4 1 Waterhouse Square (Designation Department). Canada House 138-142 Holborn 3 Chepstow Street London Manchester EC1N 2ST Published by English Heritage 2013 M1 5FW Tel: 02079 733000 Product Code: 51817 Tel: 01612 421400 e-mail: london@ e-mail: northwest@ english-heritage.org.uk www.english-heritage.org.uk english-heritage.org.uk South East Please do not print this document Yorkshire and the Eastgate Court unless you really need to. Humber 195-205 High Street 37 Tanner Row Guildford York GU1 3EH YO1 6WP Tel: 01483 252000 Tel: 01904 601901 e-mail: southeast@ e-mail: yorkshire@ english-heritage.org.uk english-heritage.org.uk South West West Midlands 29 Queen Square The Axis Bristol 10 Holliday Street BS1 4ND 75% Tel: 01179 750700 When you have finished with This leaflet is printed Birmingham this leaflet please recycle it on 75% recycled paper B1 1TG e-mail: southwest@ Tel: 01216 256820 english-heritage.org.uk e-mail: westmidlands@ english-heritage.org.uk National Office The Engine House East Midlands Firefly Avenue 44 Derngate Swindon Northampton NN1 1UH SN2 2EH Tel: 01604 735400 Tel: 01793 414700 e-mail: eastmidlands@ e-mail: customers@ english-heritage.org.uk english-heritage.org.uk

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