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" "' c ,^7 cc c " <C "<C -_« CCC c €S cr <r < C'CC< r ecc ^ c? :<ac:ç xer^ J ce c- ^.: cccccc >^rc: .e- c:^c ce . c -" dccce' ^•CCC ^ CC" rc: .< r ce . c;. ( c. ^ CC: C^ ' "^^Ci^ c r:cc, C' ^ c ctc< ^crceei ._ >-- V,, ., .,_ c: 'C' . <i/C'^. ' Ce ce ccc ^C'^ cc o - ce c-rc Ce ç-c ^C ce c<cr "Cec^ « cv, -^«s:«fTeCCexe ^T«^^c<'ce c«^ ^C^'d ec ce c: o <r ««Ce.c ce.c<ïr ç Cj^: .^- CL c cV d e r^crc < ^'^ • ^ 'j^^ *^ '^'^- ce- <^ •. r - J^ 55^ <r cv- jC'é' c . '^^<' CCCCr -or ec^c" ce »cc rS'S^^ . C <rc? c^ < .^ <^^ •^cr c (ccc et et -<^c '. jC^ c <rc^. C^' c ccrcA UC CCC c 'CCCccr <^" cor ': crcc( rCC c cr <: cr«:e< - C .ce .' < ccr<3 ce • tÇ ^<X, Ç c '<7 .«xr c rCCr <r C ' cCT c cr ce ce X-v c C ce -iï <tCC<lC errer.ccr C~ ccc^: ,<^c^, ce c .r C cr ce -<z -c^ i': <r < ^gç ^ <i cCe e <,<: c c: ce. <rcC dC-e'O'CC' <^ CCCC<3rc <<C ce ce *«^-Vc:^R-^. f «r, cccc <;e^ c<:c ^^ ^» «rfK JOURNAL CONCHYLIOLOGIE. PARIS, IMPRiaïKBlË DE M™" V* BOUCHABD-HLZABD, J. TREMBLAY, GENDRE ET SUCCESSEUR. Rue de l'Éperon, 5. JOURNAL (CONCHYLIOLOGIE PUBLIE SOUS LA DIRECTION DE H. CROSSE ET F. FISCHER., 3« série. — Tome XXII«. VOliUflE XXX. A PARIS. CHEZ H. CROSSE, RUE TRONCHET, 25 1882 QL40 JOURNAL GÛDIGHYLIOLOGIË. s er Janvier ISS». Les s»ie«rotomaires de l'époque actuelle, Par H. Crosse. La lacune paléontologique qui semblait séparer les Pleurotomaires fossiles de leurs congénères de l'époque de notre actuelle, tend à s'atténuer de plus en plus. Lors dernier travail sur les espèces de ce genre, c'est-à-dire vingtaine d'finnées (l), on ne con- il y a environ une qu'un petit naissait guère, dans les terrains tertiaires, quant aux formes miocènes, nombre d'espèces éocènes ; manquer pliocènes et quaternaires, elles paraissaient complètement. Depuis ce temps, l'état des choses s'est légèrement modifié. Nous connaissons, actuellement, apparle- 7 Pleurotomaires éocènes (2), 2 miocènes (3) et 2 vol. IX, p. 155, 1861. (1) Journ. Concliyl., d'Aichiac, de l'Inde; P. concava, (2) PleurotomariaBianconii, de Crimée; P. Deshayes,du bassin de Paris; P. Duboisi, Mayer, d'Archiac, de l'Asie Genyi, Mayer, de Nice; P. Kadin-Kewiensis, Nicœensis. Bayan, Mineure; P. Lamarcki, Mayer, de Suisse; P. de Nice. P. tertia- Sismondai, Goldfiiss, de Bunde ; (3) Pleuiolomaria ri;i, Mac Coy, d'\Mstralie. — 6 — nant aux tufs madréporiques quaternaires de la Guade- loupe Il ne reste (1 ). donc que les couches pliocènes, dans lesquelles on n'ait encore recueilli aucun représentant du genre, mais nous sommes convaincu que cette dernière lacune doit être attribuée uniquement à l'imperfection de nos connaissances paléontologiques et que les découvertes de l'avenir ne larderont pas à la combler. Quant aux Pleurotomaires ncluellement vivants, le nombre des espèces a doublé, depuis 1861. Le Pleuroto- maria Beyrichi, Hilgendorf, du Japon, et le P. Rumphii, Schepman, des Moluques, sont venus s'ajouter au P. Quoyana, Fischer et Bernard!, et au P. Adanson iana, Crosse et Fischer, des Petites Antilles. Pour cette dernière es- pèce, dont l'habitat était précédemment inconnu, les dra- gages etiectués récemment par les expéditions scienlifi- ques américaines et les recherches des naturalistes zélés de la Guadeloupe nous ont appris que, conformément à nos prévisions (2), elle habit,^)it les mers des Antilles. On connaît, jusqu'à présent, peu de chose de l'organi- sation de l'animal des Pleurotomaires. Les naturalistes de l'Expédition du « Blake x», accomplie de 1877à 1879 dans la merdes Antilies et le golfe du Mexique, sont les seuls qui aient recueilli vivantes les deux espèces américaines, ' et encore les exemplaires connus sont-ils, aeluellement en assez mauvais état de conservation, si nous nous en rapportons à ce que dit, à ce sujet, notre honorable con- frère du Smilhsonian Institution, f.î. W. H. Dali (5). On ne (1) Pleuroiomaria Fischeri, Mayer, ms. (Coll. du .Muséuu. de Pans); P pucti.-.ssaingi, Schramm (Cal. Coq. et Cru.si. Guade- loupe, 2» éd., p. 9, 1869). (2) Journ. Conchyl., vol. IX, p. 167, 1861. (3) Une « description des parties molles de ces espèces (les « <=. Adansoniana el P. Quoyana), avec représentation de l'ani- — 7 — sait rien de l'organisation intime des deux autres es- pèces. M. W. H. Dali admet la famille des Pleurotomariidœel la considère comme devant être placée dans le voisinage immédiat de celle des Trochidse, tout en possédant quel- ques caractères qui la relient à celle des Haliolidse. Nous reproduisons, d'après l'auteur américain, les caractères attribués par lui à cette famille. Famille des PLEUROTOMARIID^E. Coquille trochiforme, nacrée à l'intérieur, présentant, à son dernier tour de spire, une entaille ou fissure desti- née à laisser échapper les œufs ou les matières fécales. Opercule corné, subspiral ou multispiral. Branchies au nombre de deux, presque symétriques, placées de chaque côté de la fente du manteau qui corres- pond à la portion entaillée ou perforée de la coquille. Animal muni d'un manteau à bord papilleux et à fran- ges latérales;, mais dépourvu des filaments allongés qui caractérisent les Trochidae. Pas de voile frontal ni de fente du pied. Mufle smiple et dépourvu de trompe. Yeux « mal, d'après nature, est, en préparation. Malheureusement, « cette élude devra être, forcément, assez imparfaite, par suite « du médiocre état de coiiservalion dans lequel ces parties « molles nous sont parvenues. Les parties les plus délicates sont « entièrement détruites. Les organes les plus imporlanis, en ma- c( tière de classification, éianl d'une nature plus résistante, peu- ce vent, en majeure partie, être utilisés. On peut, dès à présent, « considérer comme établi que ce groupe possède, en classiflca « tion, la valeur d'une famille. Sa place est dans le voisinage >( immédiat des Trochidse, avec des traits qui rappellent les Ha- a liolidae : il n'a rien de commun avec les Pleurolomidae (W. « H. Dali, Prelim. Rep. on the MoUusca, p. 79, 1881.1 » placés sur des pédoncules extérieurs, à la base des tenta- cules, qui sont simples. Mâchoires petites et faibles. Armature linguale. Dent rachidienne petite, lancéolée ou plutôt disposée en forme de large baïonnette. Dents la- térales assez simples, nombreuses, semblables eiitre elles, diminuant de taille dans le sens du côté externe, et sui- vies d'un grand nombre ô'imcini longs et minces, dont beaucoup sont denticulés, près de leur pointe, et munis, en même temps, d'une petite houppe de fibres attachée au côté de chaque uncinus, en arrière des denticulalions (1). Les espèces actuellement connues à Tétai vivant peu- vent se diviser en deux groupes. Le premier est caracté- risé par la position supramédiane de l'entaille et de la bande du sinus qui la continue, l'entaille étant placée en- tre la partie médiane du dernier tour et la suture. Le se- cond, au contraire, se distingue par la position infra- médiane de son entaille, qui se trouve placée entre la partie médiane et la partie basale du dernier tour. Par une coïncidence à laquelle nous n'attachons pas au- tant d'importance qu'au caractère tiré de la position de l'entaille et de la bande du sinus, il se trouve que les 2 espèces du premier groupe (P. Rumphii et P. Adanso- niana) sont ombiliquées, tandis que les deux espaces du se- cond (P'. Quoyana et P. Beyrichi) sont imperforées. Sectio I. Species sinu supramediano munilœ, utnbilicatœ. 1. Pleurotomaria Rumphii, Schepman. PleurotomariaRumpliii,Schepman,T)dschr. d.Ned.Dierk. Veroen., vol. IV, p. 163, 1879. (1) W. H. Dali, Prelim. Rep. on the Mollusca, p. 77, 1881. Plenrotomaria Rnmphii , Schepman, Tnage à part, p.
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