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The Works of Francis Bacon

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The Works of Francis Bacon THE WORKS FRANCIS BACON BARON OF^ERULAM, VISCOUNT ST. ALBAN, *n LORD HIGH CHANCELLOR OF ENGLAND. COLLECTED AND EDITED BY JAMES SPEEDING, M.A. OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE; ROBERT LESLIE ELLIS, M.A., LATE FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE; AND DOUGLAS DENON HEATH, AT-LAW LATE FELLOW OF TRINITY CAMBRIDGE. BARRISTER- ; COLLEGE, VOL. IX. THE LETTERS AND THE LIFE, VOL. II. LONDON: LONGMAN, GEEEN, LONGMAN, AND EOBEETS. 1862. The right of translation is reserved. B y.i CONTENTS BOOK II. CHAPTER I. A.D. 1595-6. .ETAT. 35. Page ' ' 1. Literary work : Formularies and Elegancies,' Essays/ etc. 1 2. Letters of Advice from the Earl of Essex to the Earl of Rutland. Traces of them among Bacon's papers 2 3. Reasons for suspecting Bacon's hand in them .... 4 4. To THE EARL OF RUTLAND ON HIS TRAVELS. LETTER I. 6 LETTER II. 16 LETTER III 19 5. LETTER OF ADVICE FROM THE EARL OF ESSEX TO SIR FOULKE GREVILLE ON HIS STUDIES . .21 CHAPTER II. A.D. 1596. .ETAT. 36. 1. Borrowing on security . .27 LETTER TO MR. MAYNARD AND MR. HICKS, 12th of March, 1595 28 2. Projected attack on the Spanish fleet and coasts. Qualifications of the Earl of Essex for command 28 3. Death of Lord Keeper Puckering. Egerton made Lord Keeper . 30 LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX 30 LETTER TO ANTHONY BACON, 15th of May, 1596 . .32 LETTER TO THE SAME, 20th of May, 1596 . 32 The Rolls in Commission . .33 LETTER TO ANTHONY BACON 33 Letters from the Earl of Essex recommending Bacon for Master of the Rolls 34 678139 IV CONTENTS. Page LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX . .36 LETTER TO ANTHONY BACON ...... 36 4. LETTER TO MR. E. CECIL, ABROAD 38 5. Expedition against Spain. Essex commander of the forces by land. Capture of Cadiz. Position of Essex . .38 LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX 40 ' ' ' Occupations. Maxims of the Law,' Essays,' Colours of Good ' and Evil,' Meditationes Sacrse' . .45 LETTER TO MR. THOMAS HESKET, 22nd of December, 1596 . 46 CHAPTER III. A.D. 1597. jETAT. 37- 1. Essex at Court. Quarrels and reconciliations. Made Master of the Ordnance. Mastership of the Eolls still vacant. Some arrangement proposed to make a place for Bacon LETTER TO LORD BUROHLEY . LETTER TO SIR JOHN STANHOPE ..... LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX LETTER TO LORD BURGHLEY 2. Death of Sir William Hatton. Bacon's project of marriage with his widow. Another expedition against Spain. Essex com- rnander-in-chief both by land and sea ..... LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX 3. Inquiry concerning the fees exacted by Mr. Mill, Clerk of the Star Chamber THE HUMBLE MOTION AND ALLEGATIONS OF FR. BACON CONCERNING CERTAIN FEES RESTRAINED BY THE ElGHT HONOURABLE THE LORD KEEPER, etc LETTER TO LORD KEEPER EGERTON ..... 4. Mr. Mill threatened with other charges. Bacon's interest in the matter . LETTER TO LORD KEEPER EGERTON, 12th of November, 1597 5. Further proceedings against Mr. Mill ..... LETTER TO THE LORD KEEPER, 22nd of January, 1597 . LETTER TO THE QUEEN 6. The Island Plan and conduct of the causes Voyage. expedition ; of failure. Why Essex took the fleet to St. Michael's when his business was to intercept the passage to Terceira; and why the capture of Fayal by Ealegh was not mentioned in the official report of the voyage. The English coast in danger. The Spanish fleet in the Channel dispersed and disabled by a storm. Ecturn of the English fleet. Essex's grievances CONTENTS. V CHAPTER IV. A.D. 1597-8. .ETAT. 37. Page 1. A new Parliament. Decorous and dignified proceeding of the Government. Postponement of motion for Supply till all the principal Commonwealth measures had been introduced. Belief of the poor. Maintenance of husbandry . .77 SPEECH AGAINST ENCLOSURES 82 2. Grant of three subsidies payable in three years, passed without a dissentient voice . .83 SPEECH UPON THE MOTION OF SUBSIDY . .85 2*. Jealousies and discontents of the Earl of Essex. The Lord Ad- miral created Earl of Nottingham. Question of precedence. Essex made Earl Marshal . .89 3. Sir Kobert Cecil's negotiation in France. Irish affairs. Trace with the Earl of Tyrone . ; . .91 A LETTER OF ADVICE TO THE EARL OF ESSEX TO TAKE UPON HIM THE CARE OF IRISH CAUSES WHEN MR. SECRETARY CECIL WAS IN FRANCE 94 4. Terms offered to Tyrone. His exceptions. Bacon's advice asked for by Essex 96 A LETTER OF ADVICE TO THE EARL OF ESSEX, UPON THE FIRST TREATY WITH TYRONE, 1598, BEFORE THE EARL WAS NOMINATED FOR THE CHARGE OF IRELAND . .98 5. Tyrone pardoned. Measures of precaution neglected. Progress of negotiation in France ....... 100 LETTER TO SIR ROBERT CECIL AT HIS BEING IN FRANCE . 101 LETTER TO THE SAME 102 6. Essex and the Queen. The great quarrel .... 102 LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX .104 Altered relation between Essex and the Queen . .105 CHAPTER V. A.D. 1598. JETAT. 38. 1. Bacon arrested for debt ........ 106 LETTER TO SIR ROBERT CECIL, 24th of September, 1598 . 106 LETTER TO LORD KEEPER EGERTON 107 2. More Tower employment. Conspiracy of Edward Squire . .108 A LETTER WRITTEN OUT OF ENGLAND TO AN ENGLISH GENTLE- MAN REMAINING IN PADUA, CONTAINING A TllUE REPORT OF A STRANGE CONSPIRACY, etc. .... Credibility of the story ....... vi CONTENTS. Page 3. Treatise entitled ' An Historical Account of the Alienation Office/ ascribed to Bacon upon insufficient evidence. Reasons supposing that it was written by William Lambarde CHAPTER VI. A.D. 1599. ^TAT. 39. 1. Irish affairs. Breach of the Treaty by Tyrone. Siege of Black- water. Defeat of Sir Henry Bagnall and spread of the rebel- lion. Essex becomes more submissive and is admitted again to see the Queen . .122 2. Death of Sir Richard Bingham. Necessity of a great effort to re- conquer Ireland. Lord Montjoy nominated for the charge. Nomination cancelled by tire influence of Essex, who under- takes the- task himself . .123 3. Bacon, being applied to for advice, endeavours unsuccessfully to dissuade him from going . .126 4. Largeness of the authority stipulated for by Essex. Bacon's un- easiness .......... 127 LETTER OF ADVICE TO MY LORD OF ESSEX IMMEDIATELY BEFORE HIS GOING INTO IRELAND 129 5. Misgivings with regard to Essex's purposes. Tone of his letters to the Council. Demands and complaints. Behaviour before he arrived at the scene of action ...... 133 6. Proceedings upon his arrival. Disposition of the rebel forces. March through Munster, and return to Dublin with the army half . wasted away . .136 7. Professes an intention to march against Tyrone in Ulster, but wants a reinforcement of two thousand men. Disaster of Sir Conyers Clifford 139 8. March into Ulster. State of the army. Advice of the captains. with and truce . Meeting Tyrone ; parley .139 9. General result of the campaign. Difficulty of believing that Essex's first object was to put an end to the rebellion. Con- jecture as to his real design . .141 10. The Queen demands explanations, and in the meantime com- to . mands him stay and wait for instructions . 145 11. Essex's difficulty. Being unable to explain the grounds of his proceeding except in person, he proposes to return to Eng- land at the head of his but advice of Blount army ; by and Southampton consents to take with him only a select band of captains. His sudden appearance at Nonsuch and reception by the Queen 146 CONTENTS. vii Page 12. Bacon, hearing that Essex has been commanded to keep his chamber, repairs to Nonsuch ...... 149 LETTER TO THE EARL OF ESSEX 150 Bacon's account of their interview, and of the advice he gave him. His ignorance of Essex's real position 150 CHAPTER VII. A.D. 1599-1600. JETAT. 39-40. 1. Spirit of Essex's followers. Danger of a violent rescue avoided by the course which the Queen took with him. Committed to the custody of the Lord Keeper. His professions. His real object in coming over. His reluctance to disclose the condi- tions demanded by Tyrone. Consequence of the disclosure when it came ......... 152 2. reasons for The Queen's being dissatisfied with the Earl's story. Strange news from Ireland. Popular dissatisfaction, and mea- sures taken to quiet it. Bacon's warning and advice. Decla- ration the Councillors in the by Star Chamber . .156 3. Popular misapprehension of the part which Bacon had taken in the matter. Violence threatened. His absence from the Star Chamber when the declaration was made . .159 LETTER TO THE QUEEN 160 LETTER TO LORD HENRY HOWARD 161 LETTER TO SIR ROBERT CECIL 162 4. still at . Essex York House. How employed . .162 5. LETTERS TO THE QUEEN ON SENDING NEW-YEAR'S GIFTS . 163 6. Suit . to the Queen for a grant of land . .164 LETTER TO THE QUEEN, 12th of March, 1599 . 165 7. Essex's position. His secret negotiations with the King of Scots. Part taken by Lord Montjoy. Object of the intrigue 166 8. Essex recommended by his friends to attempt an escape into France : but refuses to lead the life of a fugitive . .169 9. Montjoy appointed to the command in Ireland. Renewed pro- position to the King of Scots for the arrangement of some joint action between the army in Scotland, the army in Ireland, and the Earl's partisans in England, to compel a declaration as to the succession. The King of Scots not prepared. Essex urges Montjoy to proceed with the design, who declines. Essex allowed to return to his own house under charge of a keeper 170 10. The Queen, having no suspicion of these things, resolves to bring the case of Essex to a formal hearing.
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