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42nd International Chemistry Olympiad Official Report July 19-28, 2010, Japan 42nd International Chemistry Olympiad Closing Ceremony Remarks It is a pleasure to see you again. I hope you have enjoyed the 42nd International Chemistry Olympiad. Louis Pasteur once said, “Science has no borders, but scientists have their own fatherlands.” Science is objective. But making scientific discoveries and accumulating scientific knowledge are human activities. Every region and ethnic group has its own culture, and the world’s scientists have grown up in these diverse cultures. But for the scientists of the 21st century, I believe we have a mission to work in close solidarity, while respecting our diverse cultures, for the sustaining of humankind. We must build a civilization that accepts and respects diverse cultures. The 20th century was an era of international competition, symbolized by war and economic rivalry. In the 21st century, however, we must cooperate for the survival of humanity within the limitations of our planet earth. Every nation has a different history and sometimes our interests clash. But no country can exist on its own. Everything begins with understanding between individuals. Friendships across the seas and firm relationships of trusts are the cornerstones of international security. You young people here today will be the next generation of leaders. It is my hope that learning will be a process of joy for you and that you will develop a firm grounding in whatever specialty you may undertake in the future. But this alone is not enough. You must also acquire a thorough understanding of society’s conventions and ethics, and the skills to work with other people. Society needs all kinds of people. We all have different talents and values. What society needs are people who are highly motivated and have diverse skills. I hope to see you mature into the kind of person who can make significant contribution to society. Now that the Olympiad is over you will be departing Japan for your various home countries and regions. Please build on the networks of friendship and science that you have formed here. I hope that you will never forget this time in Tokyo and that the experience will be a stepping stone to your future and to the world. Finally, I would like to close by expressing my appreciation to everyone who worked so hard to make this event possible. Thank you. Ryoji Noyori, IChO Chair July 27, 2010 1 Official report “Report of the 42nd IChO” Contents Closing Ceremony remarks 1 Contents 2 Overview of the 42nd IChO 3 Hosts and Sponsors 3 Venues, Participants, and Results 5 Participating Countries 6 Programs Students 7 Mentors 8 Guests 9 Tasks 10 Translation Languages 10 Practical Problems 11 Theoretical Problems 38 Final Results and Ranking 70 Statistical Analysis of the Problems 77 Minutes of the International Jury and Steering Committee Meetings 85 Regulations of the International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) 89 List of Participants 107 Head mentors, Mentors, Observers, and Guests 107 Students 114 Country Participation Fees 121 Budget of the 42nd IChO 122 List of Organizers 123 2 Overview of the 42nd IChO 42nd International Chemistry Olympiad 19-28 July 2010, Japan Hosts IChO Japan Committee Waseda University The University of Tokyo The Association for the Progress of New Chemistry Catalysis Society of Japan The Ceramic Society of Japan The Chemical Society of Japan The Electrochemical Society of Japan Japan Chemical Industry Association The Japan Institute of Energy Japan Oil Chemists' Society The Japan Petroleum Institute Japan Science Foundation The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan The Society of Polymer Science, Japan The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Science Council of Japan Japan Science and Technology Agency Japan Chemical Innovation Institute Japan Society of Physics and Chemistry Education Zenkoku Tyugakkou Rikakyouiku Kenkyukai Japan Broadcasting Corporation The Asahi Shimbun The Chemical Daily The Chunichi Shimbun The Mainichi Newspapers Nikkei Inc. Sankei Shimbun Co. The Science News Ltd The Yomiuri Shimbun Sponsors Adeka Corporation Air Water Inc. Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Asahikasei Corporation Astomos Energy Corporation Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd. Brighestone Corporation Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Central Glass Co., Ltd. Cosmo Oil Co., Ltd. Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Daicel-Evonik Ltd. Daikin Industries, Ltd. Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co., Ltd Dainippon Tosho Publishing Co., Ltd. Daiso Co., Ltd. Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha DIC Corporation Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. Du Pont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Company, Ltd. Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd Du Pont-Toray Co., Ltd. Ebara Corporation Exxon Mobil Corporation Fujifilm Corporation Fujitsu Limited Fukuvi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd. Gun Ei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Harima Chemicals, Inc. Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Hitachi, Ltd. Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd. Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Inabata & Co., Ltd. Japan Energy Corporation Japan Oil Transportation Japan Steel Drum Association Japan U-Pica Company Ltd. Japan Vilene Company, Ltd. JSP Corporation JSR Corporation Kagaku-Dojin Publishing Co., Inc. Kaneka Corporation Kao Corporation Kinden Corporation Kobe Steel, Ltd. Kodansha Ltd. Koei Chemical Co., Ltd. Konishi Co., Ltd. Kuraray Co., Ltd. Kureha Corporation Kygnus Sekiyu K.K. 3 Kyokutou Kai Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Kyushu Oil Co., Ltd. Lanxess K.K. Lion Corporation Marubeni Corporation Maruishi Chemical Trading Co., Ltd. Maruzen Co., Ltd. Maruzen Petrochemical Co., Ltd. Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Meiwa Industry Co., Ltd. Meiwa Plastic Industries, Ltd. Microsoft Corporation Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Mitsubishi Corporation Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corporation Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Mitsubishi Materials Electronic Chemicals Co., Ltd Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Mitsui Chemicals, Inc Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Mitsui-Soko Co., Ltd. Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Co., Ltd. Nagoya Asahi Kai Nanbu Plastics Co., Ltd. NEC Corporation Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd Nihon Millipore K.K. Nihon Oxirane Co., Ltd. Nippon Kasei Chemical Company Limited Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Nippon Oil Corporation Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd. Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. Nitto Denko Corporation NOF Corporation Oji paper Co., Ltd. Organo Corporation Osaka Kyokusou Kai Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd. Panasonic Corporation Sanki Sankyu Inc. Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Sekisui Jushi Corporation Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Shinto Paint Co., Ltd. Shiseido Co., Ltd. Shoko Co., Ltd Showa Denko K.K Showa Engineering Co., Ltd. Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd. Showa Paxxs Corporation Showa Tansan Co., Ltd. Soda Aromatic Co., Ltd. Sumika Chemical Analysis Service, Ltd. Sumika Color Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Corporation Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Company Limited Sunallomer Ltd. Taiheiyo Cement Corporation Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation Taiyo Oil Company, Limited Taiyo Vinyl Corporation Takasago International Corporation Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd. Teijin Limited The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. The Japan Wool Textile Co., Ltd. The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Toagosei Co., Ltd. Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Tokuyama Corporation Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc. Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Tokyo Printing Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. TOLI Corporation Toray Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. Toray Industries, Inc. Toray Research Center, Inc. Toshiba Corporation Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation Tosoh Corporation Toyo Engineering Corporation Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. Toyota Motor Corporation Ube Industries, Ltd. Ube Material Industries, Ltd. Ube-Mitsubishi Cement Corporation Ube-Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd. UMG ABS, Ltd. Unitika Ltd. Yamatake Corporation Yokogawa Electric Corporation ZKAI Co., Ltd. 4 Venues Practical Exam, Closing Ceremony: Waseda University Theoretical Exam: The University of Tokyo Students Accommodations, Opening Ceremony: National Olympics Memorial Youth Centre (NYC) Mentors Accommodations: Overseas Vocational Training Association (OVTA) Participants Countries: 68 Participating Countries 3 Observing Countries: Liechtenstein – 2nd year Nigeria – 1st year Serbia – 1st year Unable to send students but sent observers: Saudi Arabia Invited but did not participate: Egypt Observation approved but no registration nor delegation arrived: Uzbekistan Number of participants: Students: 267 Head Mentors, Mentors: 133 Observers: 65 Guests: 37 Results Gold Medalists: 32 Silver Medalists: 58 Bronze Medalists: 86 Honorable Mentions: 9 IUPAC Awardees: 2 5 Participating Countries Country Code Country Code 1 Argentina ARG 35 Kuwait KWT 2 Armenia ARM 36 Kyrgyzstan KGZ 3 Australia AUS 37 Latvia LVA 4