Linux Commands Cheat Sheet

Hardware Information Searching File Commands Directory Navigation dmesg show bootup messages grep [pattern] search for a specific pattern in a ls list files in directory cd .. move up one level in the directory [file_name] file tree structure cat /proc/cpuinfo show CPU information ls -a list all files, including hidden grep -r [pattern] search recursively for a specific cd change directory to $HOME free -h show free and used memory (-m flag [directory_name] pattern in a directory pwd show the directory currently indicates memory in MB) working in cd /chosen/directory change to specified directory locate [name] find all files and directories by a lshw list information about hardware specific name mkdir [directory] create a new directory configuration find [/folder/location] list names that begin with [a] in rm [file_name] remove a file lsblk list information about block devices -name [a] [/folder/location] rm -r [directory_name] remove a directory recursively lspci -tv show PCI devices in a tree-like diagram find [/folder/location] list files larger than 100M in a -size [+100M] particular folder rm -rf [directory_name] remove a directory recursively Users lsusb -tv show USB devices in a tree-like without requiring confirmation diagram id show details of the active user cp [file_name1] [file_name2] copy the contents of the first file to dmidecode show hardware information from the the second file last show the last logins onto the BIOS system cp -r [directory_name1] recursively copy the contents of the hdparm -i /dev/[disk] show information about disk data [directory_name2] first directory into the second who show who is logged into the system File Transfer directory hdparm -tT /dev/[disk] conduct a read speed test on disk w show who is logged in and their mv [file_name1] rename file_name1 to file_name2 activity badblocks -s /dev/[disk] test for unreadable blocks on disk scp [file_name.txt] securely copy a specific file to a [file_name2] [server/tmp] server directory groupadd add a new group ln -s /path/to/[file_name] create a symbolic link to a file [group_name] rsync -a synchronize the contents of a [link_name] [/your/directory] specific directory with a backup adduser [user_name] add new user [/backup/] directory touch [file_name] create a new file

usermod -aG add a user to a group more [file_name] show the contents of a file File Compression [group_name] [user_name] head [file_name] show the first 10 lines of a file tar cf [compressed_file. create an archived file from a file userdel [user_name] delete a user tar] [file_name] tail [file_name] show the last 10 lines of a file Process Related usermod use for changing / modifying user gpg -c [file_name] encrypt a file tar xf [compressed_file. extract archived file information tar] ps show a snapshot of active gpg [file_name.gpg] decrypt a file tar czf create a gzip compressed tar file processes [compressed_file.tar.gz] wc print the number of words, lines, pstree show processes as a tree and bytes in a file gzip [file_name] compress a file with the .gz extension pmap shows a memory usage map of processes Disk Usage

top show all running processes System Information df -h show free and used space on kill [process_id] kill a process under a given ID mounted systems

Package Installation pkill [proc_name] kill a process under the specified uname -r show system information df -i show free inodes on mounted name filesystems yum search find a package by a related uname -a show kernel release information killall [proc_name] kill all processes labelled proc fdisk -l show disk partitions, sizes, and [keyword] keyword uptime show how long the system has been types bg list and resume stopped jobs in yum info show package information and running, including load average the background du -ah show disk usage for all files and [package_name] summary hostname show system hostname directory fg bring the most recent suspended yum install install a package using the YUM job to the foreground du -sh show disk usage of current [package_name. package manager hostname -i show the IP address of the system directory rpm] fg [job] bring a particular job to the last reboot show system reboot history foreground findmnt show target mount point for all dnf install install a package using the DNF date show current time and date filesystems [package_name. package manager lsof list files opened by processes rpm] timedatectl query and change the system clock mount [device_path] mount a device [mount_point] rpm -i install an rpm package from a local [package_name. file cal show current calender month and rpm] day rpm -e w show logged in users in the system [package_name. remove an rpm package File Permission rpm] whoami show user you are using

finger show information about a user Keyboard Shortcuts tar zxvf chmod 777 [file_name] give read, write, and execute [username] [source_code.tar.gz] install software from source code permission to everyone cd [source_code] Ctrl + C kill current process running in the ./configure chmod 755 [file_name] give full permission to owner, and terminal make read and execute permission to make install group and others Ctrl + Z stop current process (can be resumed in the foreground with fg chmod 766 [file_name] give full permission to owner, and or in the background with bg) read and write permission to Network group and others Ctrl + W cut one word before the cursor and add it to clipboard chown [user] change the file ownership ip addr show show IP addresses and network SSH Login [file_name] interfaces Ctrl + U cut part of the line before the cursor and add it to clipboard chown [user]: [group] change the owner and group ip address add assign an IP address to interface ssh user@host connect to host as user [file_name] ownership of a file [IP_address] eth0 Ctrl + K cut part of the line after the cursor and add it to clipboard ssh host securely connect to host via SSH ifconfig show IP addresses of all network default port 22 interfaces Ctrl + Y paste from clipboard

ssh -p [port] user@host connect to host using a particular netstat -pnltu show active (listening) ports Ctrl + R recall last command that matches port the provided characters netstat -nutlp show tcp and udp ports and their telnet host connect to host via telnet default programs Ctrl + O run the previously recalled port 23 command whois [domain] show more information about a domain Ctrl + G exit command history without running a command dig [domain] show DNS information about a domain !! repeat the last command