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- •(•ui G6o o -H) pvdx {'Vi -o -H) Mjj -\\ 'IIIA aovd •(•ui S6cro -H) pvdx (*K -o -H) XOJ -it •vswa aoia puB '£019 Q pvu 8Oi8 X J0d '^ THE ANNUAL OF THE BRITISH SCHOOL AT ATHENS

No. 52

1957

THE BRITISH SCHOOL AT ATHENS 31-34 GORDON SQUARE, LONDON, W.G.I

Published by the Managing Committee PRICE: THREE GUINEAS NET

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.40, on 01 Oct 2021 at 04:31:34, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068245400012855 THE BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY AT ATHENS

Patron: H.R.H. THE PRINCE PHILIP, DUKE OF EDINBURGH, K.G., K.T., G.B.E.

MANAGING COMMITTEE 1956-7

PROFESSOR R. J. H. JENKINS, M.A., F.S.A., Chairman. PROFESSOR BERNARD ASHMOLE, C.B.E., M.C, B.LITT., F.B.A., Trustee. Appointed by the University of Oxford. PROFESSOR D. L. PAGE, M.A., F.B.A., F.S.A., Trustee. Appointed by the University of Cambridge. H.B.M. AMBASSADOR AT ATHENS, Vice-President. SIR JOHN FORSDYKE, K.C.B., M.A., Vice-President. PROFESSOR A. J. TOYNBEE, C.H., M.A., D.LITT., F.B.A., F.S.A., Vice-President. PROFESSOR A. J. B. WACE, M.A., D.LITT., F.B.A., F.S.A., Vice-President. PROFESSOR C. M. ROBERTSON, M.A. Appointed by the University of London. PROFESSOR D. TALBOT RICE, M.B.E., M.A., B.SC, D.LITT., F.S.A. Appointed by the University of Edinburgh. P. M. FRASER, ESQ.., M.A. Appointed by All Souls College, Oxford. M. S. BRIGGS, ESQ., F.R.I.B.A. Appointed by the Royal Institute of British Architects. Miss WINIFRED LAMB, M.A., SC.D., F.S.A. Appointed by the Hellenic Society and the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara. PROFESSOR ANTHONY ANDREWES, M.B.E., M.A. R. D. BARNETT, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A. MISS JOAN EVANS, D.LITT., DIR. S.A. PROFESSOR A. W. GOMME, M.A., F.B.A. PROFESSOR R. J. HOPPER, B.A., PH.D., F.S.A. MISS L. H. JEFFERY, M.A., D.PHIL., F.S.A. Joint Editor of the Annual. E. V. C. PLUMPTRE, ESQ., M.A. A. M. WOODWARD, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A.

Secretary: Miss EDITH CLAY, F.S.A., 31-34 Gordon Square, London, W.C. 1. Treasurer: H. E. KNEEN, ESQ_., West Winds, The Parks, Minehead, Somerset.

Director M. S. F. HOOD, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A.

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1. JOHN BOARDMAN. Early Euboean Pottery and History {Plates 1-7) . . 1

2. A. ANDREWES. The Patrai of Kamiros . . . . . 30

3. V. KARAGEORGHIS. A Mycenaean Chalice and a Vase Painter {Plate 8) . 38

4. R. A. HIGGINS. The Aegina Treasure Reconsidered {Plates 9-15) . 42

5. G. E. BEAN AND J. M. COOK. The Carian Coast III {Plates 16-26) . . 58

6. JOHN CHADWICK. New Fragments of Linear B Tablets From Knossos {Plates 27-28) ...... 147

7. J. E. JONES, L. H. SACKETT AND C. W. J. ELIOT. To Aiixa: A Survey of the Aigaleos-Parnes Wall {Plates 29-35) • -152

8. Mycenae 1939-1956, 1957 {Plates 36-44) Introduction; and Addendum . . . . . 193 By A. J. B. WACE Part I. Neolithic Mycenae . . . . . 195 By A. J. B. WACE Part II. A Faience Cylinder . . . . . 197 By A. J. B. WACE AND E. PORADA Part III. A Votive Stele ...... 205 By A. G. Woodhead Part IV. Prehistoric Cemetery: A Deposit of L.H. Ill Pottery . . 207 By A. J. B. WACE AND OTHERS PartV. The Chronology of Late Helladic IIIB . . .220 By A. J. B. WACE 9. SINCLAIR HOOD AND JOHN BOARDMAN. A Hellenic Fortification Tower on the Kefala Ridge at Knossos {Plates 45-46) . .224 10. R. HOPE SIMPSON. Identifying a Mycenaean State {Plates 47-50) . . 231

INDEXES ...... 261

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EARLY EUBOEAN POTTERY AND HISTORY Fig. i. Fragments from Chalcis ...... 4 Fig. 2. Berlin 2664 (F. 58) ...... 16

THE AEGINA TREASURE RECONSIDERED Fig. 1. The Chamber Tombs on Windmill Hill . . .43 Figs. 2-3. Ornaments from Chrysolakkos, nos. 588 and 562 . . .46 Fig. 4. Cup from Mochlos with Maeander Pattern . . . 51

THE CARIAN COAST III Fig. 1. Part of the Rhodian Peraea . . . . . -59 Fig. 2. Sculptures at ...... 60 Fig. 3. Idyma: Plan of Citadel ...... 70 Fig. 4. Altinsivrisi, Inscription (no. 3) ...... 76 Fig. 5. Plan of Heracleia by ...... 90 Fig. 6. : Plan of the Site . . . . . 91 Fig. 7. Theangela: Plan of Tetrapyrgon . . . . .92 Fig. 8. Theangela, Tomb T (1:200) . . . . . -93 Fig. 9. Sigirtmac Kalesi (Cindya): Plan of the Site . . . -98 Fig. 10. Iasus: General Plan ...... 100 Fig. 11. Iasus, landward Fortification. Detail of Main Gate . . .102 Fig. 12. Iasus, curved Buildings ...... 103 Fig. 13. The Region of ...... 107 Fig. 14. Islands off the West Carian Coast . . . . .117 Fig. 15. Nisyros: rough Sketch-plan of the Fortress . . . .118 Fig. 16. Kalymnos: rough Plan of the Site at Embolas . . . .128 Fig. 17. Post-Mausolan ...... 139 Fig. 18. The Peninsula in Classical Times . . .144

To Aijxtx: A SURVEY OF THE AIGALEOS-PARNES WALL Fig. 1. Sketch Map of Attica showing the ancient Frontier Defences . .154 Fig. 2. Map of Athens and Eleusis . . . . . 155 Fig. 3. Plan of selected lengths of Wall . . . . . 157 Fig. 4. Plans of Gateways and Sallyports . . . . .158 Fig. 5. Schematic Cross-sections of Walling . . . . .159 Fig. 6. Ancient Building in front of the Dema near Sallyport 11: Sketch Plan . 172

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MYCENAE 1939-1956, 1957

PART II. A FAIENCE CYLINDER Fig. 1. a, b: Lily Flowers (1:1). c: curvilinear bone Strip (1:1). d: bone Snailshell (1:1). e: gold Pomegranate-bud Pendant (3:1). f: gold Argonaut Ornament (3:1).. g: gold Ornament (2:1). . . . 198

PART IV. PREHISTORIC CEMETERY: A DEPOSIT OF L.H. Ill POTTERY Fig. 2. Prehistoric Cemetery ...... opposite 207

PART V. THE CHRONOLOGY OF LATE HELLADIC IIIB Fig. 3. Gurob: British Museum A 987 ...... 221

A HELLENIC FORTIFICATION TOWER ON THE KEFALA RIDGE AT KNOSSOS Fig. 1. Plan of Tower ...... 227 Fig. 2. Hydria (a) ...... 229 Fig. 3. Fragmentary Vases (3, 4) ...... 229

IDENTIFYING A MYCENAEAN STATE Fig. 1. Map of Messenia and part of Laconia .... opposite 231 Fig. 2. Leuktro ...... 233 Fig. 3. Kardamyle ...... 235 Fig. 4. Kambos District ...... -237 Fig. 5. Kalamata ...... 241 Fig. 6. Thouria ...... 244 Fig. 7. Karteroli ...... 247 Fig. 8. Mycenaean Chamber Tombs: a-b, Thouria; c-f, Karteroli . . 248 Fig. 9. Rizomylo and Velika ...... 250 Fig. 10. Petalidhi and Korone ...... -251

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EARLY EUBOEAN POTTERY AND HISTORY 1. (a-g) Fragments from Chalcis. 2. (a) Oxford, from Al Mina. (b) Oxford, from Al Mina. (c) Athens NM 135. (d) From Chalcis. (e) Athens NM 16306. (/) Athens NM 2244. 3. (a-b) Athens NM 14481. 4. {a-b) Athens NM 276. 5. Athens NM 18751. 6. (a) Louvre CA 579. (b) London BM 90. 7-31. 22, B 98. (c) Oxford 1887. 3404. (d) London BM 1929. 7-15. 1. 7. (a) Athens NM (Empedocles coll. E 619). (b) Athens NM (Empedocles coll. E 273). (c-d) Athens NM 12142, 17598. (e) Private coll. (/) Athens NM 16327. (g) Chalcis museum, (h) Eretria museum.

A MYCENAEAN CHALICE AND A VASE PAINTER 8. (a) BM (private coll.). (b) BM C 672.

THE AEGINA TREASURE RECONSIDERED 9. (a) BM no. 762, front and (b) back, (c) BM no. 746, front and (d) , (e) BM no. 752. (/) BM no. 723. 10. (a) BM no. 763. (b) BM no. 765. 11. (a) BM no. 761. (b) BM no. 767. (c) BM no. 690 (part), (d) BM no. 756A. (e) BM rings nos. 888 (top), 693 (centre, 1.), 692 (centre, r.), 691 (bottom, 1.), 690 (bottom, r.). (/) BM no. 751. 12. (a) BM no. 759A. (b) BM no. 758A. (c) BM no. 760A. 13. (a) BM nos. 691 (top), 683 (centre), 684 (bottom), (b) BM nos. 757 (top), 753A (centre), 754A (bottom). 14. (a-b) BM no. 768. 15. (a) BM 1952.5-6.2. (b) From Knossos. (c) From Mallia. (d) BM rings no. 14. (e,f) From Chrysolakkos. (g) BM no. 817. (h) BM no. 815. (i) BM no. 816. THE CARIAN COAST III 16. Antiquities of the Rhodian Peraea. (a, b) In Marmaris. (c) At Karaca. (d, e) At Duran Ciftlik. 17. Sites of the Rhodian Peraea. (a) Sogiit. (b) Altinsivrisi. (c) Gelibolu, Koca Kale. (d, e) Cetibeli Asan. (/) Ferek. 18. Tombs and inscriptions of the subject Peraea. (a, b) Inscriptions of Idyma (nos. 12 and 11). (c-e) Classical tombs at Camkoy. 19. Sites and inscriptions of the Rhodian Peraea. (a) Inscriptions of Cedreae (no. 6). (b) Inscriptions of Idyma (no. 10). (c) Kizilyaka Asan. (d, e) Elmah Kalesi. 20. Ancient remains of the Halicarnassus Peninsula, (a) Konel Ada. (b) Torba, mausoleum, (c) Alazeytin. (d) Asarhk, chamber tomb. (e,f) Kizilagac, fort and compound tumulus.

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.40, on 01 Oct 2021 at 04:31:34, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068245400012855 LIST OF PLATES vii 21. Theangela. (a) Wall near main gate, (b) Wall at E. (c, d) Entrance to tetrapyrgon. 0) Wall Z. (/) Building Q. 22. Sites of the Gulf of Iasus. (a) . (b) Salihadasi. (c) Sigirtmac, Kalesi (Cindya). (d) Iasus, landward fortification. (e,f) Kazikh (Teichiussa). 23. West Carian coins and inscriptions of the coast, (a) Coins of (?). (b, c) Inscriptions of Iasus (nos. 1 and 4). (d, e) Inscriptions of Teichiussa (nos. 5 and 12). 24. Fortifications of Telos and Nisyros. (a) Telos. (b-d) Nisyros. 25. Kos Astypalaia. (a) View of site from north, (b) Surface pottery, (c) Citadel or terrace wall. 26. Lipsoi and Kalymnos. (a) Lipsoi, view to northwest from citadel, (b, c) Kalymnos, Embolas, and Kastellas. (d) Kalymnos, view of Vathy from Kastellas.

NEW FRAGMENTS OF LINEAR B TABLETS FROM KNOSSOS 27. Linear B tablets from Knossos. 28. Linear B tablets from Knossos.

To Aefia: A SURVEY OF THE AIGALEOS-PARNES WALL 29. Map of the Aigaleos-Parnes gap (based on Curtius and Kiepert, Karten von Attika VI). 30. The Dema. Aerial view of the Aigaleos-Parnes gap (by courtesy of the Royal Hellenic Air Force). 31. (a) South sector, well-preserved walling (section 48-49). (b) North sector, poor walling on Parnes (at 1,560m. north of the north saddle), (c) Narrow style, a butt- end (sallyport 29, external view looking south), (d) Broad style, a butt-end (sally- port 34, internal view looking north). (e) Narrow style, sallyport with funnel exit, internal view (sallyport 16). (/) the same, external view. 32. (a) Broad style, an individual ramp, (b) Narrow walling, showing (from r.) parapet, wall-work, rear edge of rampart, and (beyond) rubble ramp (section 15-16). (c) Narrow style butt-end with drafted edge (sallyport 5, external view looking south). 33. (a) Broad walling with individual ramps at rear (section 34-35). (b) Narrow style, levelled walk and parapet (section 28-B). (c) Massive boulder construction (section south end-i). (d) Well-cut masonry (section 9-10). 34. (a) Lesbian masonry style (section 49-50). (b) Polygonal masonry style (section 2-3). (c) Rectangular blocks in coursed series (section 25-26). (d) Coursing following the natural slope (section 1-2). (e) Coursing at butt-ends (section 36-37, sallyport 37). (/) Rectangular and trapezoidal blocks (section A-27). 35. (a) Masonry with levelled edges and squared corners (section 2-3). (b) Random rubble with stacks and fillers (section 15-16). (c) Salient over the north hill: view looking south from Parnes towards the eastern summit (452 m.) of Aigaleos. (d) Round tower on the summit (452 m.) of Aigaleos: view of north side of circular base.

MYCENAE 1939-1956, 1957 36. Prehistoric cemetery. Neolithic (?) pottery. 37. PALACE, below north terrace, (a) Faience cylinder, impression, (b) Faience cylinder. (c) Curvilinear triangle, gold, (d) Pomegranate bud, gold, (e) Argonaut ornament, gold.

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A HELLENIC FORTIFICATION TOWER ON THE KEFALA RIDGE AT KNOSSOS 45. (a) The tower looking north down Kairatos valley, (b) North curtain wall looking west from tower, after fill removed, (c) East edge of tower foundations, (d) Hydria 2 from south inner edge of north curtain wall. 46. (a) North curtain wall looking east towards tower, with remains of stone fill, (b) North outside edge of north curtain wall at point of junction with tower, (c) Block with drafted margins and lifting boss in tower foundations, (d) Tower looking south, with fill of lowest stone course of tower wall in foreground, pavement inside tower behind, (e) Inscription (1) built into tower foundations. (/) Inscription (1).

IDENTIFYING A MYCENAEAN STATE 47. (a) The at Leuctro, from the north, (b) Kardamyle citadel from the west. 48. (a) Kardamyle: rock-cut chamber on citadel (from west), showing slots for beams. (b) Kardamyle: 'Tomb of the Dioscuri' (from west), (c) East of Kardamyle: triple rock-cut tomb (from west-north-west), (d) Kambos: tholos tomb, doorway (from interior). 49. (a) Kalamata castle from north-west, with the bed of the river Nedon in foreground. (b) Thouria: chamber tomb no. 2 from the east, (c) Karteroli: chamber tomb no. 2, from north-east. 50. (a) Koutiphari: clay figurine, (b) Thouria: Early Helladic 'figurine', (c) Giannitsa: polygonal walling (from north-east). (d) a, b : Kardamyle, celts attributed to this area, c: bored celt from Leuktro.

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