DOCSLIB.ORG

Bryology for the High School

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bryology for the High School Bryology for the High School * C. Grant Roehrick,Biology Department,Pasadena Senior High School, Pasadena,Texas The study of mosses and liverwortshas been relegated to a very minor role in much of the "new biology." That these organismsmay offer unusual fields of investigation is the author's contention. Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/26/2/124/21453/4440569.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 Introduction Difference Between a Moss and a Liverwort The bryophytes are among the most neglected organisms in the plant kingdom. In general, it can be said that the difference This is probably due to the lack of pro- between a moss and a liverwort is mor- fessional bryologists. Actually the mosses phological. This difference is obvious when and liverworts are extremely important and comparing a moss with a thallus liverwort. should receive far more attention because However, not all liverworts are the thallus of their evolutionary implications. You can type; some are leafy and resemble a moss place the mosses directly between the non- nost remarkably. One characteristic that vascular and vascular plants as a living repre- would distinguish a moss from a leafy liver- sentative of the old world flora. The mosses, wort is the presence of a nerve (midrib); of course, experience an alternation of their present only in the leaf of the moss. This is generations (sporophyte and gametophyte), not totally dependable, however, because but equally significant are their asexual re- not all mosses have a nerve present in their production processes with gemmae and "leaves."'' As far as sterile (not fruiting) paraphyllia. material is concerned, diagnostically you can observe the cellular structure of the phyl- Ecologically, the mosses and liverworts lbids called areolation, and also the arrange- have world-wide distribution that can indi- ment of the phylloids on the "stem."2 The cate the a characteristics of particular cells of the liverwort leaf are usually cuboid, area. geographical These cryptogams are whereas in the moss, cellular elongation is quite adaptable in their environmental situa- most common. Furthermore, leaf arrange- tions, and can vary in their life cycle, size, ment in the liverwort is three-ranked with to color, and microclimate according where two of the leaves usually opposite, while the they are found. From the tundra to the third leaf is small and underneath the tropical rain forests and to the desert, the larger ones. Leaf arrangement in the mosses mosses are generally specific for each of varies from a two-ranked appearance to an these areas. There are mosses that typically appressed sheathing characteristic. accumulate in greenhouses that are normally not found in other habitats. Species varia- Reproductively the mosses produce a con- tions can change from niche to niche, but the spicuous capsule usually borne at the ter- genera can often be world-wide. To illus- minal end of the seta, with or without a trate the varying ecological niche of the calyptra, and always showing a cap or lid. If mosses, they can be found growing on trees, a capsule is produced in the liverwort, it will rocks, loose sand, forest floor, open fields, split lengthwise forming four valves for the and completely submerged in fresh water release of the spores. streams. In summary, then, the bryophytes can be divided into three groups: (1) mosses, (2) This, then, should indicate that the bryophytes can be interesting and chal- 'In bryology, the term "phylloid" is more common- lenging if you would take the time to notice ly used in place of leaf. them, to collect them, and to study them. 2The term "cauloid" is often substituted for stem. 124 BRYOLOGYFOR THEHIGH SCHOOL 125 leafy liverworts, and (3) thallus liverworts. within 3 inches of the top, fold each side in For identificaton of the bryophytes, a closer 1 !/2 inch, finally fold the top down until look at all of the diagnostic characters in the you have an envelope with dimensions of laboratory is imperative, and only after this 5?V2"x 4". The identificationlabel can then close examination can you begin to apply be attachedto this top flap. This label should a taxonomic key to the specimen. include: genus and species, date collected, brief description of the habitat, location of Field Identification collection station, your name (or collector's Equipped with a lOx triplet hand lens, name), and herbariumnumber (optional). genera identification in the field can come to These packets can then be stored alpha- you only after you have repeatedly recog- betically in shoe boxes. nized the outstanding characteristics of the Before placing the specimenin the packet, genera. This of course takes practice, time, all trash and as much dirt as possible should Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/26/2/124/21453/4440569.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 and patience. If you are conscientious and be removed from the sample. You should return to the field frequently, it should take preserveonly clean specimens;a dirty speci- a relative short time before you become men is not worth saving. It is not necessary intimately familiar with the local flora. to press the moss or liverwort; if you do, use only light weights. With your moss or Collection and Preservation liverwort placed in the packet and properly An army surplus bag such as a gas mask labeled, it will remain unharmed for an bag, a lOx triplet hand lens, a few dozen undeterminednumber of years. If years later small paper bags-size No. 2, and a small you wish to re-examine or compare this field notebook is all the equipment a specimen with another, just simply soak in bryologist needs for field work. The rest water. The mosses will turn green, unfold, is not easy! You have to look for the and appear much as they did the day you bryophyte. Many times they are in the collected it. open, forming a carpet; other times they You will find that after a few trips to the will be found in crevasses of rocks and on field, and many hours in the lab you will be the trunks of trees. If a creek or other water rewarded with a good beginning of a areas are present, then you must look along bryological herbarium. In a year or two, the banks and in the stream itself. Look on you possibly will have a valuable repre- rocks, around rocks, and under rocks. The sentation of the local flora. bryophytes grow everywhere. When you collect, be sure to obtain as Laboratory much of the growth as practical-at least Many useful experiments can be at- a handful. If it is fruiting, be sure to include tempted in the laboratory; however, with this in the specimen. If you can make a many of these experiments, a considerable field identification, write this name on the amount of technique is required. After paper bag, place the moss in the bag and several attempts at these more precise ex- record the location, date, and niche particu- periments, the problems that previously lars either on the bag or in your field note- arose seem to iron themselvesout. book. It is good to keep a record of some of the Upon returning to the lab, confirm your outstandingmicrocharacteristics of the bryo- identification by running the specimen phytes. This can be accomplishedby making through a taxonomic key. Here, I would like slides that will be relatively permanent. to recommend: H. S. Conard, How to Know Perhaps the best medium for both pre- the Mosses and Liverworts, W. C. Brown serving and mounting is a "gum choral" Co.: Dubuque, Iowa, 1956. This book is a mountingmedium. This preparationis made good key, easily understood, and fairly well as follows: illustrated. Distilled water 100 ml To preserve and store your collection, small Gum arabic 40 g packets made with a good grade of rag con- Glycerine 20 ml tent typing paper 8?/2"'x 11" is used. To Chloral hydrate 50 g make these packets, fold the bottom up to Dissolve the gum arabic in cold distilled water, 126 THEAMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER add the glycerine and chloral hydrate. Heat of the bryophytes. gently in a water bath until all solutes are com- pletely dissolved. Filter while still hot. Conclusion A more simple process and still quite Whether as a hobby, a profession,a thesis permanent is to place the tissue on a slide problem, or a subject to teach, the bryo- with a drop of water. Cover with a glass phytes should be taken more seriously. If a cover slip. Gently heat over an alcohol lamp sincere effort is put forth to study the until the water begins to steam;this will re- ecology, morphology, taxonomy, or what move air bubbles.After this has dried, place have you, you will find that the mosses can a drop of concentrated glycerine near the develop a fascination that will send you cover slip so that the glycerine will diffuse to the field again and again. Not just the between the slide and the cover slip. Allow peculiaritiesof these plants alone can con- for to dry thoroughly forty-eight to seventy- vince you upon delving into the subject Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/26/2/124/21453/4440569.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 two hours. deeper, but with repeated contact with the Still a third method (not recommended)is bryophytes you will find them filling a gap to use a drop of Canadianbalsam cement, in your biological knowledge. then cover with a glass cover slip. It is an excellent field to get into pro- The more common materialyou will want fessionally.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bryological Times
    The Bryological Times Volume 145 China – Australia International – In This Issue – Workshop for Karst Bryology in Guizhou, China, 3 rd – 7th August China – Australia International Workshop for Karst Bryology in Guizhou, China ........ 1 Alison Downing | Macquarie Another field-observation of a possible springtail-mediated moss sperm transfer University | Sydney, Australia | [email protected] ................................................................................. 5 At the bicentennial of Richard Spruce's Pina (Josephine) Milne | Royal birth ....................................................................... 6 Botanic Garden | Melbourne, IAB awardees ..................................................... 9 Australia | [email protected] Bryophyte Inventory for Rainy Pass ....... 10 The World Heritage listed South China Karst Curso-taller sobre hepáticas tropicales 11 2 encompasses about 550,000 km of subtropical to Report from the recipient of the 2017 tropical karst in Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan and Stanley Greene Award: Ecophysiological Chongqing provinces. The karst terrain includes specialization to climate .............................. 12 tower, cone and pinnacle karst, together with News from Australasia ................................. 13 massive caves, natural bridges, deep gorges, enormous sinkholes, karst waterfalls and News from the Spanish Bryological disappearing streams. Mountain slopes and peaks Society ............................................................... 14 are clothed in dark green
    [Show full text]
  • Bryology with Dr. Robin Wall Kimmerer Ologies Podcast June 30, 2020
    Bryology with Dr. Robin Wall Kimmerer Ologies Podcast June 30, 2020 Oh Heeey, it’s the guy on Nextdoor who’s like, “Does anyone want some zucchinis?” because no one warned him that unattended zucchinis can grow to be the size of a human baby, Alie Ward, back with an instant classic episode of Ologies. This is an episode you’re going to listen to more than once, I’m gonna tell you right now. Not because the subject matter demands it for comprehension, but because it is the very ethos of Ologies all wrapped up in the most soothing, mellow audio hug you will ever lay ears on. It’s overlooked beauty. It’s following bliss. It’s myth-busting. [grunt of there being no words in the English language to encapsulate how amazing this episode is] Let me just run through the thanks and get to the show. Thank you to all the supporters at Patreon.com/Ologies. You can join for as little as a buck a month and submit questions - perhaps hear yours asked in future episodes. Thanks to everyone wearing Ologies shirts, hats, bikinis, and new face coverings at OlogiesMerch.com. Link is in the show notes. Tag yourself in #OlogiesMerch on Instagram. We’ll repost you. Thanks to everyone who rates, subscribes, and leaves reviews. I read all of them. They help Ologies stay at the top of the science charts. Thank you, ilikecheeserich, who wrote: Not only is information put in accessible language, but it also opens up your eyes to all the wonderful things there are to know and do in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • BRYOLOGY: Unit-III
    BRYOLOGY: Unit-III General characters and classification (Smith, 1965) of Bryophytes. Morphology, structure and reproduction of the following: Marchantia and Porella,General characteristics of bryophytes Bryophytes are a group of plant species that reproduce via spores rather than flowers or seeds. Most bryophytes are found in damp environments and consist of three types of non- vascular land plants: the mosses, hornworts, and liverworts. Bryophyte Characteristics Bryophytes are non-vascular land plants. Although they do exhibit specialized structures for water transportation, they are devoid of vascular tissue. Bryophytes grow primarily in damp environments but can be found growing in diverse habitats ranging from deserts, the artic, and high elevations. Since bryophytes do not depend on root structures for nutrient uptake like vascular plants, they are able to survive in environments that vascular plants cannot (e.g., on the surface of rocks). All bryophytes have a dominant gametophyte stage in their life cycle. During this stage, the plant is haploid and the sex organs that produce the gametes are developed. Bryophytes are unique compared to many other plant species in that they remain in this stage for long periods. The sporophytes (the diploid form of the plant) of bryophytes are unbranched, producing a single spore-producing capsule (sporangium). Moreover, the sporophytes are dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition and develops within the female sex organ (archegonia). Bryophyte Life Cycle The bryophyte lifecycle consists of alternating generations between the haploid gametophyte and the diploid sporophyte. During the gametophyte stage, haploid gametes (male and female) are formed in the specialized sex organs: the antheridia (male) and archegonia (female).
    [Show full text]
  • Mosses and Lichens
    Chapter 9 Plants That Aren’t “Plants”: Mosses and Lichens Clayton Newberry Department of Biological Sciences 4505 Maryland Parkway Box 454004 Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004 [email protected] Clayton Newberry is a graduate student at University of Nevada at Las Vegas. He received his B.S. in general botany from Brigham Young University and his M.S. in lichenology from Brigham Young University. He is currently working on his Ph.D. at University of Nevada at Las Vegas. His interests include bryophyte systematics and bryophyte floristics in western North America. Reprinted From: Newberry, C. 2004. Plants that aren’t “plants”: Mosses and lichens. Pages 179-197, in th Tested studies for laboratory teaching, Volume 25 (M. A. O’Donnell, Editor). Proceedings of the 25 Workshop/Conference of the Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), 414 pages. - Copyright policy: http://www.zoo.utoronto.ca/able/volumes/copyright.htm Although the laboratory exercises in ABLE proceedings volumes have been tested and due consideration has been given to safety, individuals performing these exercises must assume all responsibility for risk. The Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE) disclaims any liability with regards to safety in connection with the use of the exercises in its proceedings volumes. © 2004 Clayton Newberry Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE) ~ http://www.zoo.utoronto.ca/able 179 180 Mosses and lichens Contents Introduction....................................................................................................................180
    [Show full text]
  • Bryophyte Diversity and Vascular Plants
    DISSERTATIONES BIOLOGICAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 75 BRYOPHYTE DIVERSITY AND VASCULAR PLANTS NELE INGERPUU TARTU 2002 DISSERTATIONES BIOLOGICAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 75 DISSERTATIONES BIOLOGICAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 75 BRYOPHYTE DIVERSITY AND VASCULAR PLANTS NELE INGERPUU TARTU UNIVERSITY PRESS Chair of Plant Ecology, Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Tartu, Estonia The dissertation is accepted for the commencement of the degree of Doctor philosophiae in plant ecology at the University of Tartu on June 3, 2002 by the Council of the Faculty of Biology and Geography of the University of Tartu Opponent: Ph.D. H. J. During, Department of Plant Ecology, the University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Commencement: Room No 218, Lai 40, Tartu on August 26, 2002 © Nele Ingerpuu, 2002 Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastuse trükikoda Tiigi 78, Tartu 50410 Tellimus nr. 495 CONTENTS LIST OF PAPERS 6 INTRODUCTION 7 MATERIAL AND METHODS 9 Study areas and field data 9 Analyses 10 RESULTS 13 Correlation between bryophyte and vascular plant species richness and cover in different plant communities (I, II, V) 13 Environmental factors influencing the moss and field layer (II, III) 15 Effect of vascular plant cover on the growth of bryophytes in a pot experiment (IV) 17 The distribution of grassland bryophytes and vascular plants into different rarity forms (V) 19 Results connected with nature conservation (I, II, V) 20 DISCUSSION 21 CONCLUSIONS 24 SUMMARY IN ESTONIAN. Sammaltaimede mitmekesisus ja seosed soontaimedega. Kokkuvõte 25 < TÄNUSÕNAD. Acknowledgements 28 REFERENCES 29 PAPERS 33 2 5 LIST OF PAPERS The present thesis is based on the following papers which are referred to in the text by the Roman numerals.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance of Sweet Pepper Under Protective
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT Volume-3, Issue-3, Jun-Aug 2014 ISSN 2091-2854 Received: 31 May Revised:7 July Accepted:20 August COMPUTATIONAL MINING OF MICROSATELLITES IN THE CHLOROPLAST GENOME OF PTILIDIUM PULCHERRIMUM, A LIVERWORT Asheesh Shanker Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan, India Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Microsatellites also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are found in DNA sequences. These repeats consist of short motifs of 1-6 bp and play important role in population genetics, phylogenetics and also in the development of molecular markers. In this study chloroplastic SSRs (cpSSRs) in the chloroplast genome of Ptilidium pulcherrimum, downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), were detected. The chloroplast genome sequence of P. pulcherrimum was mined with the help of a Perl script named MISA. A total of 23 perfect cpSSRs were detected in 119.007 kb sequence mined showing density of 1 SSR/5.17 kb. Depending on the repeat units, the length of SSRs found to be 12 bp for mono and tri, 12 to “22 bp for di, 12 to 16 bp for tetra nucleotide repeats. Penta and hexanucleotide repeats were completely absent in chloroplast genome of P. pulcherrimum. Dinucleotide repeats were the most frequent repeat type (47.83%) followed by tri (21.74%) and tetranucleotide (21.74%) repeats. Out of 23 SSRs detected, PCR primers were successfully designed for 22 (95.65%) cpSSRs. Keywords: Microsatellites, Simple Sequence Repeats, Chloroplast, Bryophytes, Liverwort International Journal of Environment ISSN 2091-2854 50 | P a g e Introduction Bryophytes are the simplest and earliest land plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Bryological Times
    The Bryological Times Volume 146 President’s Message – In This Issue – Bernard Goffinet | University of President’s Message ........................................ 1 Connecticut | Storrs, U.S.A. | Fieldwork in the Cook Islands of the [email protected] South Pacific ....................................................... 2 News from the Hattori Botanical Every day important contributions to our Laboratory .......................................................... 4 understanding of the biology of bryophytes are Bryophytes at the IBC, Shenzhen, China ..... disseminated through peer-review publications. Although bryology could benefit from more ................................................................................. 5 researchers devoted to it, bryophytes are not Paroicous inflorescence of a liverwort, understudied per se, but are widely overlooked or Liochlaena lanceolata Nees. .......................... 9 one could say transparent to a large part of the News from the IAB council ............................ 9 public and also our fellow colleague botanists. Hence it is important that bryologists engage in The joint social event of IAB and the activities promoting an awareness of bryophytes Bryological Society of China ...................... 10 and advances unraveling their evolutionary history Review of Bryophyte Ecology, Vol. 1 ....... 12 and diversity, the genetic networks underlying their Peru bryology travel log.............................. 12 ontogeny, their unique physiological properties and their interactions
    [Show full text]
  • Bryophyte Life-Cycle
    Bryophyte Life-Cycle Professor Geeta Asthana Department of Botany University of Lucknow Lucknow Disclaimer: The e-content is exclusively meant for academic purposes and for enhancing teaching and learning. Any other use for economic/commercial purpose is strictly prohibited. The users of the content shall not distribute, disseminate or share it with any one else and its use is restricted to advancement of individual knowledge. The information provided in this e-content is developed from authentic references, to the best of my knowledge Bryophyte Life-Cycle Bryophytes are autotrophic, avascular, archegoniate plants with heteromorphic alternation of generations in which the gametophyte is dominant & independent phase in the life cycle and the sporophyte is dependent phase in the life cycle and is attached to the gametophyte. Both the generations are morphologically different and alternate in the life-cycle. Alternation of Generations Hofmeister (1851) studied two Distinct Phases in the Life Cycle Gametophyte: Gamete producing Phase (Sexual Phase) Sporophyte: Spore producing Phase (Asexual Phase) Strasburger (1894) studied meiosis (Reduction Division) Gametophyte: Haploid Phase (Single set of Chromosomes) Sporophyte: Diploid Phase (Double sets of Chromosomes) Syngamy Male & Female Zygote (2n) Gametes (n) Mitotic Division Alternation Gametophyte Sporophyte Haploid phase (n) of Diploid Phase (2n) Generations Spore Germination Meiosis Spores (n) Alternation of Generations Isomorphic Alternation of Generations Morphologically Similar (Algae) Heteromorphic Alternation of Generations Morphologically Different (Bryophytes & Pteridophytes) Fertilization (Water is necessary) Antherozoids & Egg Fertilized Egg (n) (2n) Mitotic Division Sex Organs Embryo (2n) Antheridia & Archegonia Bryophyte Gametophyte Sporophyte Independent Phase (n) Life Cycle Dependent Phase (2n) Thalloid/Leafy Main Plant Body Foot, Seta & Capsule Spore Germination Capsule Spores Meiosis (n) Bryophye A MossPlant Sporophyte Gametophyte Suggested Reading: Asthana Geeta 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributions of Indian Bryologists ▪ in India, Bryology Was Initiated by Professor Shiv Ram Kashyap (1882-1934), Also Known As ‘Father of Indian Bryology’
    Contributions of Indian Bryologists ▪ In India, Bryology was initiated by Professor Shiv Ram Kashyap (1882-1934), also known as ‘Father of Indian Bryology’. ▪ Later on, bryologists like Profs. S K Pande and Ram Udar nurtured this branch of botany in India. ▪ Hence, there is a rich legacy of bryological studies in India. ▪ Since Kashyap, the study of bryology has strengthened, consequently several books and about thousands of research papers have been published on various aspects of bryology. ▪ Kashyap published the first ever paper on Liverworts of western Himalayas in the year 1914. ▪ Later his work was published in two volumes: Liverworts of Western Himalayas and the Punjab plain, Part I in 1929 and Part II co- authored with R.S. Chopra in 1932, which includes valid illustrations and distribution of forms. In his first volume, 33 genera and 70 species are described, out of which six genera and 50 species were restricted to India. ▪ His theory of Retrogressive Evolution in Liverworts (Marchantiales) got distinctive position in the worldand is recognized as a significant contribution. ▪ According to this theory, simpler plants like Riccia are more evolved than organized plants such as mosses. ▪ Some other outstanding contributions of Kashyap are ▪ Notes on new and little known Himalayan liverworts ▪ Flora of central Panjab ▪ Acrogynous liverworts of western Himalayas ▪ Origin of Bryophyta ▪ Prof. S. K. Pande, a noted student of Prof. Kashyap was the next gem from India in the field of bryology. ▪ His research interests included aspects on distribution, ecology, taxonomy, life cycle, ontogeny, cytology, phylogeny, etc. ▪ Amazingly amidst this apparent diversity in his study, a central theme always remained.
    [Show full text]
  • Botany News. 2. May 20, 2020 California Academy of Sciences
    Botany News. 2. May 20, 2020 California Academy of Sciences Tristemma mauritianum (A Madagascar Princess Flower) F. Almeda Hello to our volunteers, We celebrated a milestone this month. It has been 15 years since Deb Trock (Director of Collections and Botany Collections Manager) joined the Academy! We held a surprise party for her online--she was expecting a boring meeting and instead she was greeted with home-made signs saying congratulations (one of the fancier ones is below), many smiling faces, and speeches recognizing her contributions to the Academy collections and to the staff. We would have preferred sharing this special moment with her in-person, but we are adapting and enjoying the time that we can spend together virtually. We hope you enjoy our second newsletter, and we hope you are all keeping well and busy. With our best wishes from the Botany Department A Walk Through the Orchids in San Francisco Tom Daniel During my walk home from the Academy through four or five different neighborhoods on the west side of San Francisco, I see several different large-flowered and brightly colored orchids that residents have in their yards, porches, and windows. For the past few years, I have been growing a beautiful orchid in a bark-filled pot in my backyard. Our department’s research associate and orchid specialist, De Mally, gave Mary and me a cluster of pseudobulbs of Maxillaria soconuscana (recently transferred to a different genus, as Psittacoglossum soconuscanum), a native of Chiapas, Mexico that former botany curator Dennis Breedlove collected in 1986, and which she and Dennis described as new to science in 1989.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bryological Times M ARCH 2013
    ROANOKE COLLEGE V OLUME 137 The Bryological Times M ARCH 2013 Table of Contents From Your Treasurer p. 2 IAB in London in 2013 p. 2 Alpine Snowbed Studies and Rare Liverworts and Mosses… p. 3—4 Bryological News from Spain p. 4 — 5, 14, 19 Recent Bryological Activities in Korea p. 6—7 Loss of Bryologist A. J. E. Smith p. 7 Return to the Roots. A Gedenkschrift dedicated to the memory of Marian Kuc p. 8 Retirement of a Mexican Bryologist p. 9 Flora of North America north of Mexico, Vol. 28 needs YOU p. 9 The First National workshop of the Sri Lankan Bryophyte Diversity p. 10—12,17 Bryological Theses 29 p. 13—14 Bryology in Brazil! p. 15 Synthesys p. 18 Sphagnum in Estonia p. 19 Obituary: Jeanne Florschutz-deWaard p. 20—21 Tools, Tips, & Techniques: imaging p. 22 British Bryological Society 2013 Events p. 23 Stanley Greene Award; YOUTUBE Bogmosses lecture p. 23 Cape Horn, Bryological Paradise p. 24—27 IAB Eagle Hill Seminars p. 28 Bogmoss in the Iceman’s Stomach p. 28—29 Establishment of the Bryological Group of Thailand p. 30 Bryology in China p. 31 Subscribing to Bryonet-l p. 32 Country Contacts p. 33 ROANOKE COLLEGE V OLUME 137 The Bryological Times M ARCH 2013 From your Treasurer by Matt VonKonrat By now, all members should have such as The Bryological Times. For medium to long-term objective as an been contacted in regards to current those of you who believe you are association. For those who are unable membership status through the new members and have NOT received any to access the online database, or who system at MemberManager.net/iab.
    [Show full text]
  • Acta Botanica Brasilica - 32(2): 303-313
    Acta Botanica Brasilica - 32(2): 303-313. April-June 2018. doi: 10.1590/0102-33062017abb0339 Distribution, ecology, and reproduction of bryophytes in a humid enclave in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil Wanessa Vieira Silva Menezes Batista1*, Kátia Cavalcanti Pôrto1 and Nivea Dias dos Santos2 Received: September 27, 2017 Accepted: January 18, 2018 . ABSTRACT Th e ready availability of water resources distinguishes the humid forest of Chapada do Araripe, Ceará State, Brazil, from the semiarid vegetation around it. Th e regional climate demonstrates a marked seasonality of rainfall that aff ects the ecological strategies of the species found there. We studied the bryophytes of the humid forest of Chapada do Araripe, analyzing their diversity, geographic distributions, and ecological and reproductive aspects. Bryophytes were collected from diff erent substrates using the random-walk method. We gathered information concerning the geographic distribution, functional groups (life forms, light tolerance guilds, and habits) and reproductive aspects of each taxon. We found 76 bryophyte species, predominantly mosses (45 species). Ten new occurrences were recorded for Ceará State, including a new taxon for northeastern Brazil. Most species are widely distributed in that country. Desiccation tolerant (turf) and intermediate (mat and weft) life forms predominated, as well as generalist species in terms of their light requirements. Sixty eight percent of the species demonstrated substrate preferences. Monoicous (67 %) sexual systems predominated over dioicous. Th e species displayed functional groups and reproductive aspects tolerant to adverse conditions that maximized the use of available resources and allowed their persistence under the seasonal conditions of the forest. Keywords: mosses, liverworts, fl oristics, enclave forest, seasonality bokermanni (the Araripe manakin,”soldadinho do Araripe”) Introduction which is critically threatened with extinction (Auler et al.
    [Show full text]