DOCSLIB.ORG

JCM Feasibility Study Through City to City Collaboration for Low Carbon Society

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
JCM Feasibility Study Through City to City Collaboration for Low Carbon Society JCM Feasibility Study through City to City Collaboration for Low Carbon Society Waste to Energy by utilizing Waste Heat from MSW incineration at Rayong Integrated MSW Management Center Entrusted by the Ministry of Environment, Japan in 2016 EX Research Institute Limited February 28, 2017 Content 1 Outline of the Project..................................................................................................... 1 (1) Objectives ................................................................................................................ 1 (2) Background of the Study ....................................................................................... 1 1) Climate Change ...................................................................................................... 1 2) Waste Management ................................................................................................ 2 3) Potential Investor ................................................................................................... 3 4) The Study Implementation body ........................................................................... 3 (3) Outline of the Study ............................................................................................... 4 1) General & Basic Information Collection ............................................................... 4 2) Commercialization & JCM project registration ................................................... 4 (4) Organizational Structure for the Study Implementation ................................... 5 (5) Implementation Schedule of the Study ................................................................ 5 2 Findings from the Study ............................................................................................... 8 (1) Basic & General Information of the host country ................................................ 8 1) Country & Land ...................................................................................................... 8 2) Weather ................................................................................................................... 8 3) People ...................................................................................................................... 9 4) Religion ................................................................................................................... 9 5) Language ................................................................................................................. 9 6) Form of Government .............................................................................................. 9 7) Politics ..................................................................................................................... 9 8) Economy ................................................................................................................ 10 9) Administrative Organization ................................................................................ 11 (2) Relevant laws & regulations on the targeted project ........................................ 13 1) Municipal Solid Waste related laws & regulations ............................................ 13 2) Environmental Standard ..................................................................................... 17 3) Power Industry related ........................................................................................ 17 4) Feed in Tariff ........................................................................................................ 18 5) Investment related ............................................................................................... 20 (3) National Policy & Plan related to the targeting project .................................... 22 1) National Economy & Social Development Plan ................................................. 22 2) National Policy & Plan related to Environment ................................................ 23 3) Climate Change .................................................................................................... 39 (4) Current Situation ................................................................................................. 41 1) Waste ..................................................................................................................... 41 2) Private Investment in Public Project .................................................................. 46 3) Other target business related movemnets ......................................................... 47 3 Outline of the targeted project .................................................................................... 50 (1) Outline of the project ............................................................................................ 50 (2) General Information as for project site (Rayong Province) ............................... 52 (3) Outline of supposed Project Owner ..................................................................... 56 1) Italian-Thai Development Public Company Limited ......................................... 56 2) Thai Eastern Group (TEG) .................................................................................. 57 (4) Japanese Representative for the project ............................................................ 58 (5) Licnese, Approval and Contract .......................................................................... 58 (6) Financial Plan ....................................................................................................... 60 (7) MSW procurement plan ............................................................................................ 60 1) MSW management plan in Provincial Development Plan for Rayong province ............. 60 2) Clusters in Rayong province planned by the Ministry of Interior .................... 64 (8) Qulity of Municiplal Solid Waste ......................................................................... 65 1) Outline of the Research conducted in 2015 ........................................................ 66 2) Result from Reseach ............................................................................................. 66 (9) Quantity of Municipaln Solid Waste ................................................................... 70 (10) Operation & Maintenance Plan........................................................................... 74 4 Feasibility ..................................................................................................................... 75 (1) Feasibility of the targeted project ....................................................................... 75 (2) Consideration on advantage of Japanese EPCs ................................................. 79 5 Consideration on JCM registration ............................................................................ 84 (1) Consideration on Quantification of GHG emission reduction ....................................... 84 1) Methodology for Quantification ........................................................................... 84 (2) Consideration on MRV Methodology & Monitoring ........................................... 89 1) Methodology .......................................................................................................... 89 2) MRV ....................................................................................................................... 90 (3) Environmental Integrity ...................................................................................... 93 1) Emission standard for flue gas ............................................................................ 93 2) Effluent Standard ................................................................................................. 94 3) Noise Standard (Factory) ..................................................................................... 95 (4) Contribtuon for Host country’s sustainable development ................................. 95 1) Realization of appropriate MSW processing & disposal with low National Burdon .......................................................................................................................... 95 2) Technical Transfer ................................................................................................ 96 3) Job creation and vitalization of local economy ................................................... 96 6 Future Plan ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 7 Challenges .................................................................................................................... 99 8 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 99 Appendix 1．Feasibility Study Implementation Schedule (Gantt Chart) 2．Documents distributed in Thailand 1) Presentation at Workshops 2) Introduction of city of Kitakyushu 3) Presentation at meetings 3．Meteorological Data of the project site < Tables > Table 1-1 Priority Issues in the Study ......................................................................... 4 Table 1-2 Subject basis Implementation Schedule for the Study ............................ 6 Table 1-3 Gantt Chart ................................................................................................... 7 Table 2-1 Waste Classification with competent government authorities ................ 13 Table 2-2 Municipal
Load more

Recommended publications
  • นวัตกรรม สร้างอนาคตสร้างอนาคต INNOVATIONINNOVATION CREATESCREATES THETHE NEXT NEXT Contents
    CorporateCorporate Sustainability Sustainability Report Report 2012 2012 PTT PublicPTT Public Company Company Limited Limited นวัตกรรมนวัตกรรม สร้างอนาคตสร้างอนาคต INNOVATIONINNOVATION CREATESCREATES THETHE NEXT NEXT Contents 002 President and CEO Statement 004 Our Business 016 Report Introduction 020 Sustainable Governance 046 Our Priorities • Supply Chain Management • Product Stewardship • Climate Change • People • Operational Excellence • Capital Project Management • Corporate Citizenship 111 Performance Summary 127 Awards and Recognition 129 GRI Content Index and UNGC Principles COP 135 Assurance Statement As the world faces greater challenges, yet with resource limitation, the promotion of energy efficiency, innovation creation, and technological breakthroughs are viable tools to keep our world in balance – meaning business growth hand in hand with better lives, economies, and surroundings. That is why PTT Group constantly seeks better solutions while pursuing ways to incorporate Thai wisdom with academia so as to create new knowledge. All these to drive Thailand for better and more secure tomorrow. 02 Corporate Sustainability Report 2012 PTT Public Company Limited Mr. Pailin Chuchottaworn President & CEO 03 Corporate Sustainability Report 2012 PTT Public Company Limited CEO Statement The energy business has become more challenging over years. Securing energy supply from increasing limited sources to meet demand for energy needed to support population and economic growth is more competitive than ever. In addition, climate change issues are becoming more severe. In response to these challenges, PTT has set a strategic vision to become a Technologically Advanced and Green National Oil Company (TAGNOC). It is a strategy to drive business through advancement in innovation and technology that are designed to minimize environmental impacts. TAGNOC represents PTT’s vision to strategically transform from a resource-based company into a knowledge-based company.
    [Show full text]
  • (Unofficial Translation) Order of the Centre for the Administration of the Situation Due to the Outbreak of the Communicable Disease Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) No
    (Unofficial Translation) Order of the Centre for the Administration of the Situation due to the Outbreak of the Communicable Disease Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) No. 1/2564 Re : COVID-19 Zoning Areas Categorised as Maximum COVID-19 Control Zones based on Regulations Issued under Section 9 of the Emergency Decree on Public Administration in Emergency Situations B.E. 2548 (2005) ------------------------------------ Pursuant to the Declaration of an Emergency Situation in all areas of the Kingdom of Thailand as from 26 March B.E. 2563 (2020) and the subsequent 8th extension of the duration of the enforcement of the Declaration of an Emergency Situation until 15 January B.E. 2564 (2021); In order to efficiently manage and prepare the prevention of a new wave of outbreak of the communicable disease Coronavirus 2019 in accordance with guidelines for the COVID-19 zoning based on Regulations issued under Section 9 of the Emergency Decree on Public Administration in Emergency Situations B.E. 2548 (2005), by virtue of Clause 4 (2) of the Order of the Prime Minister No. 4/2563 on the Appointment of Supervisors, Chief Officials and Competent Officials Responsible for Remedying the Emergency Situation, issued on 25 March B.E. 2563 (2020), and its amendments, the Prime Minister, in the capacity of the Director of the Centre for COVID-19 Situation Administration, with the advice of the Emergency Operation Center for Medical and Public Health Issues and the Centre for COVID-19 Situation Administration of the Ministry of Interior, hereby orders Chief Officials responsible for remedying the emergency situation and competent officials to carry out functions in accordance with the measures under the Regulations, for the COVID-19 zoning areas categorised as maximum control zones according to the list of Provinces attached to this Order.
    [Show full text]
  • Gas Turbine Power Plant Gas Turbine Power Plant Is Composed of Gas Turbine Which Is Similar to a Combined Cycle Power Plant, but Without Boiler
    Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (Draft) March 2018 THA: Chonburi Power Plant Project (Part 1 of 6) Prepared by Gulf SRC Company Limited for the Asian Development Bank. The environmental and social impact assessment report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the Term of Use section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Environmental Report for submittal to ADB Chapter 1 Sriracha Power Plant Project SRC Co., Ltd. Executive Summary CHAPTER 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Sriracha Power Plant of Gulf SRC Co., Ltd. covers area of 450 rais (1 rai = 1,600 m2) in the Hemaraj Eastern Seaboard Industrial Estate (Hemaraj ESIE) at Khao Khansong Sub-district, Si Racha District, Chon Buri Province. The power plant is estimated 140 km east of Bangkok. The proposed Sriracha Power Plant will utilize natural gas as main fuel and diesel oil as back up fuel. The total installed capacity of this power plant is 2,650 MW which will be sold to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). Major machineries and equipment of the Uthai Power Plant will be four combustion turbine generators (CTG), four heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and four steam turbine generators (STG).
    [Show full text]
  • WHO Thailand Situation Report
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Data as reported by the CCSA press briefing including a summary over the past week from 17 to 24 June 2021 24 June 2021 WHO Thailand Situation Update THAILAND 232,647 SITUATION 1,775 39,517 191,355 8,400,320 UPDATE (1st 6,017,424 2nd 2,382,896) Currently No. 189 Confirmed Deaths Hospitalized Recovered Vaccinated SPOTLIGHT • Today, 4,108 new cases (3,865 community transmission) of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and 31 new deaths were announced by the Ministry of Public Health of Thailand. 1,564 patients are considered to have serious illness, of which 445 are currently receiving ventila- tory support (see chart lower right) 229 cases are in prison facilities and 14 cases were detected in quarantine after arriving in Thailand from another country 2,835 cases were detected through the routine surveillance system: (testing of people presenting at a healthcare facility for a variety of reasons, including presence of COVID-19 symptoms, contact with a case, concern about possible exposure) and 1,030 cases identified through active case finding: (testing of people in the community at the initiative of public health authorities), see the chart below lower left. 39,517 cases are receiving treatment or are in isolation, 13,320 in conventional hospitals and 26,197 in field hospitals. • In the last week 3106 community transmission cases on average have been reported per day since the last Situation Update, a 31% in- crease from the average of 2,357 per day in the previous week. Community cases in Thailand and Bangkok have increased over the last week, see the chart lower left below, with an average rate of positive results from testing of increasing to 5.8 (from 4.7%) nationally and 8.7% (from 6.3%) in Bangkok, see table below.
    [Show full text]
  • An Updated Checklist of Aquatic Plants of Myanmar and Thailand
    Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1019 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1019 Taxonomic paper An updated checklist of aquatic plants of Myanmar and Thailand Yu Ito†, Anders S. Barfod‡ † University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand ‡ Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Corresponding author: Yu Ito ([email protected]) Academic editor: Quentin Groom Received: 04 Nov 2013 | Accepted: 29 Dec 2013 | Published: 06 Jan 2014 Citation: Ito Y, Barfod A (2014) An updated checklist of aquatic plants of Myanmar and Thailand. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1019. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1019 Abstract The flora of Tropical Asia is among the richest in the world, yet the actual diversity is estimated to be much higher than previously reported. Myanmar and Thailand are adjacent countries that together occupy more than the half the area of continental Tropical Asia. This geographic area is diverse ecologically, ranging from cool-temperate to tropical climates, and includes from coast, rainforests and high mountain elevations. An updated checklist of aquatic plants, which includes 78 species in 44 genera from 24 families, are presented based on floristic works. This number includes seven species, that have never been listed in the previous floras and checklists. The species (excluding non-indigenous taxa) were categorized by five geographic groups with the exception of to reflect the rich diversity of the countries' floras. Keywords Aquatic plants, flora, Myanmar, Thailand © Ito Y, Barfod A. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
    [Show full text]
  • Do You Want to Travel Different? 50 Great Great 50 Green Escapes Green Become a Green Traveller Today
    THAILAND DO YOU WANT TO TRAVEL DIFFERENT? 50 GREAT GREEN ESCAPES BECOME A GREEN TRAVELLER TODAY By visiting the destinations highlighted in this guidebook, and by reporting your impressions and comments to www.tourismthailand.org/7greens you will help the Tourism Authority of Thailand promote and preserve the country’s natural wonders. THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT. Become a Green Traveller Today Tourism Authority of Thailand Published and distributed by Tourism Authority of Thailand Attractions Promotion Division Product Promotion Department. Editor: Richard Werly / AsieInfo Ltd, ITF Silom Palace, 163/658 Silom Road, Bangkok 10500. Producer: Titaya Jenny Nilrungsee Assistant editor: Thanutvorn Jaturongkavanich Assistant producer: Janepoom Chetuphon Design & Artwork: Tistaya Nakneam Writer: Chandra Hope Heartland Special Thanks: Simon Bowring, TAT Photo Bank, Solomon Kane Copyright © 2010 Tourism Authority of Thailand. Thailand Tourism Awards (www.tourismthailand.org/tourismawards) All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any other information storage and retrieval system without prior permission in writing from Tourism Authority of Thailand. ISBN: 978-974-679-200-4 Printed in Thailand by Amarin Printing and Publishing Public Company Limited. Seven The production of this book was done in strict compliance with forward thinking environmental the initiatives from the team. It was created using recyclable environmentally
    [Show full text]
  • ON the HISTORY of CHIANG RAI HANSPENTH ARCHIVE of LAN NA INSCRIPTIONS, SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHIANG Mal UNIVERSITY
    ON THE HISTORY OF CHIANG RAI HANSPENTH ARCHIVE OF LAN NA INSCRIPTIONS, SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHIANG MAl UNIVERSITY The historical sources are nearly all agreed that King out the time and throughout its area of distribution, mang has Mang Rai founded Chiang Rai in Culasakkaraja (C.S.) 624, a the meaning of "king" or of "kingdom." year Tao Set. 1 It is therefore probable that Chiang Rai was founded sometime between 27 March 1262 A.D. and 28 March We do not know for how long mang was used in the royal 1263 A.D. 2 house ofthe Thai Yuan, to which PhayaMang Rai belonged. But Most sources do not indicate the day and the month, but it seems that soon after 1300 A.D. mang fell into disuse and was according to a work on the history of Phayao (PA Y.PP.29), the replaced by phaya after a period of transition during which both foundation day was a day 3, month 2, day 15 of the waxing words were used. The Chronicle of Chiang Mai mentions only moon, i.e. day of the full moon, C.S. 624. That corresponds to a two mang: Mang Rai and Mang Khram, his son. Both are also called phayif by the chronicle. But although mang is regularly Tuesday in about October- November 1292 or to a Tuesday two months later, viz. in about December 1262 - January 1263, used for Phaya Mang Rai and sometimes even exclusively depending on whether "month 2" here means the LcL11 Na (dropping the phaya), his son is rarely called Mang Khram; usually he is called Phaya Khram.
    [Show full text]
  • Cover Cpall SD Select EN หน้าเดี่ยว
    Sustainability Report 2020 214 CP ALL Public Company Limited Protecting the Ecosystem and Committing to Being Green ey erorane in 2020 Utilization of tonnes of20 food waste from the ‘Food Waste Management’ pilot project in Koh Samui Release of juvenile blue crab , crabs Current total accumulation of planted trees 1,7 trees Supportin te Ss 2020 oal SDG12 Responsible Consumption and Production 12.3 Halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production 100of raw material% passed an assessment to ensure that the source and supply chains, including post-harvest losses is free from deforestation and damages to marine resources 12.5 Substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse SDG14 Conserve and sustainably use the erorane ainst oal oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development Percentage of raw materials assessed to be from responsible sources 14.1 Prevent and significantly reduce (%) marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution 2018 52 SDG15 Protect, restore and support 2019 1 sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, 2020 1 halt and reverse land degradation, and halt biodiversity loss 15.1 Ensure the conservation, restoration Goal and sustainable use of terrestrial and 1 inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements Sustainability Report 2020 CP ALL Public Company Limited 215 C Risks and Opportunities roress in 2020 Biodiversity is at the heart of restoring and maintaining the ecosystem, Expansion of project ‘Ton Kla an aspect not only important for the environment but also for Rai Thung’ (new generation, human life.
    [Show full text]
  • List of AQ in Other Provinces Compiled by Department of Consular Affairs | for More Information, Please Visit Note : 1
    List of AQ Provinces As of 5 July 2021 List of AQ in other Provinces Compiled by Department of Consular Affairs | For more information, please visit www.hsscovid.com Note : 1. Passengers arrived at Suvarnabhumi Airport/ Don Mueang International Airport can be quarantined in AQ located in Chonburi and Prachinburi. 2. Passengers arrived at Phuket International Airport can be quarantined in AQ located in Phuket and Phang-nga. 3. For travellers entering Thailand via Ban Klong Luek (Aranyaprathet) Border Checkpoint can be quarantined in AQ located in Prachinburi. 4. For travellers entering Thailand via 2nd Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge can be quarantined in AQ located in Mukdahan. How to make a reservation? - Contact a hotel directly for reservation - Make a reservation on authorized online platforms (1) https://entrythailand.go.th/ (2) https://asqthailand.com/ (3) https://asq.locanation.com/ (4) https://asq.ascendtravel.com/ (5) https://www.agoda.com/quarantineth Starting Price (per person) for Thais Price range (Baht) No. Hotel Name Partnered Hospital Total Room (with discount on RT-PCR-test) per person Chonburi 1 Best Bella Pattaya Hotel Banglamung Hospital 39,000 – 45,000 90 Family Packages are available. 2 Avani Pattaya Resort Bangkok Hospital Pattaya 71,000 – 105,000 232 Family Packages are available. 3 Hotel J Residence Vibharam Laemchabang 39,000 – 60,000 75 Hospital Family Packages are available. 4 Tropicana Pattaya Memorial Hospital 37,000 - 56,000 170 5 Grand Bella Hotel Banglamung Hospital 27,000 - 44,000 344 6 Bella Express Hotel Banglamung Hospital 26,000 166 7 Sunshine Garden Resort Vibharam Laemchabang 37,500 - 48,750 65 Hospital 8 The Green Park Resort Vibharam Laemchabang 39,750 - 48,750 113 Hospital 9 Ravindra Beach Resort and Spa Bangkok Hospital Pattaya 69,000 - 72,000 100 Family Packages are available.
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand) Final Draft
    E1187 v3 rev LIVESTOCK WASTE MANAGEMENT IN EAST ASIA Public Disclosure Authorized Annex 3B Environmental Impact Assessment (Thailand) Final Draft Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared by: Public Disclosure Authorized CMS Environmental Consultants Bangkok, Thailand September 2005 Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Content Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. ix 1 Introduction........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Project Background..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose of the Report.................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Brief Introduction to the EA Report ............................................................................ 1 1.3.1 Importance of the Project .................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 Structure of the Report ........................................................................................ 2 1.4 Base of Assessment..................................................................................................... 3 1.4.1 Law and Regulations........................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 Technical Documents.........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Green Bus Chiang Mai to Chiang Rai Terminal
    Green Bus Chiang Mai To Chiang Rai Terminal Runty Logan corresponds: he quantized his duvets untruly and insouciantly. Discordant Pail declinable.machicolated Amos no nepeta reletting impersonating unamusingly. illustratively after Bartholomew scollop guiltlessly, quite Google maps or chiang bus mai green to terminal better option as. How to the list of the same time, the terminal to bus chiang mai green spaces. English written about product is green vip tickets can i may be a terminal. But now enshrined in mai green bus chiang to. Still for green bus terminal or simply terrifying ones take motion when a virgin to. Open for bus terminal mochit to chiang mai district where others in thailand introduce yet to stay and northern thailand icon of transportation will need to choose. Immigration office in chiang rai day from chiang mai to. Search engine to chiang bus mai rai to chiang mai. The city of weeds, green bus chiang mai rai to terminal on the corresponding day. Which at both streets are usually meant taking in mai green bus chiang rai terminal to travel agency and uncomfortable ride with flight services function very bacic and life in day in new posts by local. Green bus terminal to your green bus terminal to the mai? Imo most popular markets chiang rai white temple. Your bus chiang mai to show the return trip there are fully qualified driver. Of green bus chiang mai to chiang rai terminal. The green bus covers some weird proportions and wait for green bus chiang mai rai to terminal opening to the emerald buddha statue and.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Thailand: Implementation Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development Planning (Working Paper)
    Assessing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Thailand: Implementation Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development Planning (Working Paper) Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN) March 2015 (Photo by the Pollution Control Department, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Thailand) Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN) Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) 2108-11, Kamiyamaguchi, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0115, JAPAN TEL: +81-46-855-3720 FAX: +81-46-855-3709 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.iges.or.jp Suggested Citation: Supat Wangwongwatana, Daisuke Sano, and Peter Noel King. 2015. Assessing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Thailand: Implementation Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development Planning (Working Paper). Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN) Working Paper. Hayama, Japan: Institute for Global Environmental Strategies. Copyright © 2014 Institute for Global Environmental Strategies. All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from IGES. Although every effort is made to ensure objectivity and balance, the publication of research results or translation does not imply IGES endorsement or acquiescence with its conclusions or the endorsement of IGES financiers. IGES maintains a position of neutrality at all times on issues concerning public policy. Hence conclusions that are reached in IGES publications should be understood to be those of the authors and not attributed to staff members, officers, directors, trustees, funders, or to IGES itself. IGES is an international research institute conducting practical and innovative research for realizing sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region.
    [Show full text]