Gorkhaland Issue – Everything You Need to Know
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Downloaded from the ACCORD As the “Saviours”, and Darfurians Negatively As Only Just the “Survivors”
CONTENTS EDITORIAL 2 by Vasu Gounden FEATURES 3 Paramilitary Groups and National Security: A Comparison Between Colombia and Sudan by Jerónimo Delgådo Caicedo 13 The Path to Economic and Political Emancipation in Sri Lanka by Muttukrishna Sarvananthan 23 Symbiosis of Peace and Development in Kashmir: An Imperative for Conflict Transformation by Debidatta Aurobinda Mahapatra 31 Conflict Induced Displacement: The Pandits of Kashmir by Seema Shekhawat 38 United Nations Presence in Haiti: Challenges of a Multidimensional Peacekeeping Mission by Eduarda Hamann 46 Resurgent Gorkhaland: Ethnic Identity and Autonomy by Anupma Kaushik BOOK 55 Saviours and Survivors: Darfur, Politics and the REVIEW War on Terror by Karanja Mbugua This special issue of Conflict Trends has sought to provide a platform for perspectives from the developing South. The idea emanates from ACCORD's mission to promote dialogue for the purpose of resolving conflicts and building peace. By introducing a few new contributors from Asia and Latin America, the editorial team endeavoured to foster a wider conversation on the way that conflict is evolving globally and to encourage dialogue among practitioners and academics beyond Africa. The contributions featured in this issue record unique, as well as common experiences, in conflict and conflict resolution. Finally, ACCORD would like to acknowledge the University of Uppsala's Department of Peace and Conflict Research (DPCR). Some of the contributors to this special issue are former participants in the department's Top-Level Seminars on Peace and Security, a Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) advanced international training programme. conflict trends I 1 EDITORIAL BY VASU GOUNDEN In the autumn of November 1989, a German continually construct walls in the name of security; colleague in Washington DC invited several of us walls that further divide us from each other so that we to an impromptu celebration to mark the collapse have even less opportunity to know, understand and of Germany’s Berlin Wall. -
BJP Sonarbanglasonkolpopotr
NDA government has been able to complete over 950 km of highways in West Bengal, with over 2250 km highway development in the pipeline. 24 lakh households have been built under PM Awas Yojana, with over 10 lakh households receiving clean drinking water and 89 lakh women having access to clean cooking gas. Our achievements speak for themselves, but we realise that there is still a long way to go. To travel this long way we have reached out to the people of West Bengal and together with them we have created a vision for Sonar Bangla. Our vision for Sonar Bangla is one that seeks to make West Bengal the righul inheritor of its past glory and make sure its fruits reach everyone in the state in a fair and just manner. We want a Sonar Bangla which is recognized the world over for its culture and glorious history. A Sonar Bangla which treats all its citizens equally and where government’s schemes reach them without any discrimination or favour. A Sonar Bangla which ensures that people don't have to live under the fear of political violence, maa raj, and gundaraj. A Sonar Bangla which is a leader in all aspects of economic and social development. A Sonar Bangla which enables its youth to achieve their full potential A Sonar Bangla which empowers its women to be leaders of development A Sonar Bangla which takes care of all its people by providing accessible and quality healthcare and education A Sonar Bangla which has the infrastructure that rivals the best amongst the world A Sonar Bangla which is home to people of all walks of life who live in harmony with each other and enable each other and the whole state to prosper and progress together A Sonar Bangla which is a place where in Gurudev’s words “Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high” We believe that it is Sonar Bangla’s Purboday that will catalyse India’s Bhagyoday. -
Gorkha Identity and Separate Statehood Movement by Dr
Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: D History Archaeology & Anthropology Volume 14 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2014 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X Gorkha Identity and Separate Statehood Movement By Dr. Anil Kumar Sarkar ABN Seal College, India Introduction- The present Darjeeling District was formed in 1866 where Kalimpong was transformed to the Darjeeling District. It is to be noted that during Bhutanese regime Kalimpong was within the Western Duars. After the Anglo-Bhutanese war 1866 Kalimpong was transferred to Darjeeling District and the western Duars was transferred to Jalpaiguri District of the undivided Bengal. Hence the Darjeeling District was formed with the ceded territories of Sikkim and Bhutan. From the very beginning both Darjeeling and Western Duars were treated excluded area. The population of the Darjeeling was Composed of Lepchas, Nepalis, and Bhotias etc. Mech- Rajvamsis are found in the Terai plain. Presently, Nepalese are the majority group of population. With the introduction of the plantation economy and developed agricultural system, the British administration encouraged Nepalese to Settle in Darjeeling District. It appears from the census Report of 1901 that 61% population of Darjeeling belonged to Nepali community. GJHSS-D Classification : FOR Code : 120103 Gorkha Identity and Separate Statehood Movement Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2014. Dr. Anil Kumar Sarkar. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters Jayeeta Sharma University of Toronto, [email protected]
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Macalester College Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 35 | Number 2 Article 12 January 2016 Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters Jayeeta Sharma University of Toronto, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation Sharma, Jayeeta (2016) "Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters," Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies: Vol. 35: No. 2, Article 12. Available at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol35/iss2/12 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters Jayeeta Sharma Introduction This article explores the social production of Darjeeling through the social and cultural This article explores the social production of Himalayan Darjeeling through the social and cultural encounters that encounters that helped transform a mountain helped transform a health resort—originally intended for health resort for colonial functionaries British colonial functionaries—into -
Wednesday, August 9, 2017 / Shravana 18, 1939 (Saka) ______
LOK SABHA ___ SYNOPSIS OF DEBATES (Proceedings other than Questions & Answers) ______ Wednesday, August 9, 2017 / Shravana 18, 1939 (Saka) ______ WELCOME TO PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION FROM SEYCHELLES HON. SPEAKER: Hon. Members, I have to make an announcement. On behalf of the hon. Members of the House and on my own behalf, I have great pleasure in welcoming hon. Patrick Pillay, Speaker of the National Assembly of Seychelles and Members of the Parliamentary Delegation from the Republic of Seychelles who are on a visit to India as our honoured guests. They arrived in India on Tuesday, 8th August, 2017 and are now seated in the Special Box. Besides Delhi, they will also visit Jaipur before their final departure from India on Monday, 14th August, 2017. We wish them a happy and fruitful stay in our country. Through them, we convey our greetings and best wishes to the National Assembly, the Government and the friendly people of Seychelles. REFERENCE BY THE SPEAKER HON. SPEAKER: Hon. Members, today is a momentous day when we are observing the 75th anniversary of 'Quit India' movement. It was on 9 August, 1942, Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation through his clarion call of 'Quit India' galvanized the entire Nation to rise in unison to free the country from the shackles of imperialist subjugation. On this occasion, while paying our homage to the Father of the Nation and to all the martyrs who laid down their lives in the freedom struggle. The Members then stood in silence for a short while. ADDRESS BY THE SPEAKER Special Discussion to Commemorate the 75th Anniversary of the 'Quit India Movement' HON. -
Social Change and Development
Vol. XVI No.1, 2019 Social Change and Development Social Change and Development A JOURNAL OF OKD INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT Vol. XVI No.1 January 2019 CONTENTS Editorial Note i Articles Citizens of the World but Non-Citizens of the State: The Curious Case of Stateless People with Reference to International Refugee Law Kajori Bhatnagar 1-15 The Paradox of Autonomy in the Darjeeling Hills: A Perception Based Analysis on Autonomy Aspirations Biswanath Saha, Gorky Chakraborty 16-32 BJP and Coalition Politics: Strategic Alliances in the States of Northeast Shubhrajeet Konwer 33-50 A Study of Sub-National Finance with Reference to Mizoram State in Northeast Vanlalchhawna 51-72 MGNREGS in North Eastern States of India: An Efficiency Analysis Using Data Envelopment Analysis Pritam Bose, Indraneel Bhowmik 73-89 Tribal Politics in Assam: From line system to language problem Juri Baruah 90-100 A Situational Analysis of Multidimensional Poverty for the North Eastern States of India using Household Level Data Niranjan Debnath, Salim Shah 101-129 Swachh Vidyalaya Abhiyan: Findings from an Empirical Analysis Monjit Borthakur, Joydeep Baruah 130-144 Book Review Monastic Order: An Alternate State Regime Anisha Bordoloi 145-149 ©OKDISCD 153 Social Change and Development Vol. XVI No.1, 2019 Editorial Note For long, discussions on India’s North East seem to have revolved around three issues viz. immigration, autonomy and economic underdevelopment. Though a considerable body of literature tend to deal with the three issues separately, yet innate interconnections among them are also acknowledged and often discussed. The region has received streams of immigrants since colonial times. -
Gorkhaland and Madhesi Movements in the Border Area of India and Nepal:A Comparative Study
Gorkhaland and Madhesi Movements in the Border Area of India and Nepal:A Comparative Study A Thesis Submitted To Sikkim University In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Animesh Andrew Lulam Rai Department of Sociology School of Social Sciences October 2017 Gangtok 737102 INDIA ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have been indebted to very many individuals and institutions to complete this work. First and foremost, with my whole heart I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Swati Akshay Sachdeva for giving me the liberty, love and lessons to pursue this work. Thank you for your unconditional support and care. Secondly, I would like to thank my former supervisor Dr. Binu Sundas for introducing me to the world of social movements and Gorkhaland. I am equally thankful to Dr. Sandhya Thapa, the Head of the Department of Sociology at Sikkim University, Dr. Indira, Ms. Sona Rai, Mr. Shankar Bagh and Mr. Binod Bhattarai, faculties of Sociology at Sikkim University for all the encouragement, support and care. I would love to express my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Mona Chettri for the invaluable comments and reading materials. I am ever grateful to the Ministry of Minority Affairs for funding my studies and research at Sikkim University. My heartfelt thanks to Prof. Maharjan, Neeraj da, Suman Da at Hiroshima Univerity. Thanks to Mr. Prashant Jha and Sohan for showing me the crisis of Madhesis. I am also indebted to Prof. Mahendra P. Lama and Prof. Jyoti P. Tamang for all the encouragement and blessings which motivated me to pursue higher studies. -
Ethnic Politics and Democracy in the Eastern Himalaya | 205
ETHNIC POLITICS AND DEMOCRACY IN THE EASTERN HIMALAYA | 205 INTERPRETING DEMOCRACY: ETHNIC POLITICS AND DEMOCRACY IN THE EASTERN HIMALAYA Mona Chettri Introduction The surge of cultural revivalism, demands for ethnic homelands and affirmative action policies based on ethnic affiliation evince the establishment of ethnic identity based politics in the eastern Himalayan borderland where most political contestations are now made on the basis of ethnic claims (see Caplan 1970; Subba 1992, 1999; Sinha 2006, 2009; Hangen 2007, 2010; Vandenhelsken 2011). Ethnicity and ethnic identity may have emerged recently as conceptual categories, but they have always formed an intrinsic component of the lived experiences, history, politics and culture of the region and what contemporary politics particularly highlights is the malleability with which ethnic identity can adapt itself to changing political environments. Ethnic identity is understood as a synthesis of ascribed traits combined with social inputs like ancestral myths, beliefs, religion and language, which makes ethnicity partly ascribed and partly volitional (Joireman 2003). It is socially constructed, subjective and loaded with connotations of ethnocentrism which can be detrimental for modern state building. If subjective criteria determine ethnic group formation and politics, democracy provides a wider base of socio-political collectivity that goes beyond kinship, religion, language etc. This in turn enables popular consensus building amongst a wider spectrum of people than a kinship group. Despite this basic distinction, democracy (understood as adult franchise, formation of political parties and freedom of political thought and action) and ethnic politics co- exist without any apparent contradiction in a region where democracy has been introduced fairly recently as a replacement for monarchical, feudal or colonial systems. -
Challenging the State by Reproducing Its Principles
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2013 Challenging the state by reproducing its principles. The demand for “Gorkhaland” between regional autonomy and the national belonging Wenner, Miriam Abstract: Contrary to assumptions about the dualist relationship between region and nation, I propose to understand both as simultaneously emerging. An analysis of the rhetoric of the “Gorkhaland” movement that demands a separate union state in India to be carved out of West Bengal demonstrates that although the movement challenges the distribution of power over territory, it does so by using a “pan-Indian grammar,” to borrow Baruah’s terminology. This is reflected in imaginative geographies that endow the demanded territory with meaning and render it an ethno-scape, while at the same time presenting it as a viable part of an imagined Indian nation. The Gorkhas attempt to bridge the gap between the “national” and the “regional” and challenge dominant identity ascriptions. In doing so, they stress their multiple belongings and affiliations. In this process the Indian nation is produced at various levels of society. Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-87966 Journal Article Published Version Originally published at: Wenner, Miriam (2013). Challenging the state by reproducing its principles. The demand for “Gorkha- land” between regional autonomy and the national belonging. Asian Ethnology, 72(2):199-220. M*'*+, W#--#' University of Zurich Challenging the State by Reproducing its Principles The Demand for “Gorkhaland” between Regional Autonomy and the National Belonging Contrary to assumptions about the dualist relationship between region and nation, I propose to understand both as simultaneously emerging. -
Demand for Gorkhaland
International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies (IJHSSS) A Peer-Reviewed Bi-monthly Bi-lingual Research Journal ISSN: 2349-6959 (Online), ISSN: 2349-6711 (Print) ISJN: A4372-3142 (Online) ISJN: A4372-3143 (Print) Volume-VI, Issue-IV, January, 2020, Page No. 33-44 Published by Scholar Publications, Karimganj, Assam, India, 788711 Website: http://www.ijhsss.com DOI: 10.29032/ijhsss.v6.i4.2020.33-44 The Crisis of Statehood in India: Demand for Gorkhaland Nivedita Saha Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Kalyani Abstract Demand for new states in India have resulted in internal remapping which reflects a tension between a pan Indian national ideal on the one hand and regionalist aspirations of groups seeking more autonomy on the other. However questions can be raised whether the creation of small states can guarantee better prospects? Can real development be brought in these newly formed small states? Can development nullify the feeling of insecurity amongst the minority groups? The present paper is a microscopic case study of the people in the margin namely the Gorkhas and the politics of protest which they have launched, led by Subash Ghising and Bimal Gurung. The Gorkhaland movement is a long standing quest for a separate state of Gorkhaland within India for Nepali speaking Indian citizens. With roots often dating back over a century, Gorkhaland is a classic sub-nationalist movement not unlike those that have produced other states. Beyond all else, Gorkhaland is a desire for the recognition, respect and integration of Gorkhas in the Indian nation-state. This paper focuses on the problems that the Gorkhas have been facing centring round their demand for autonomy, their insecurity and their aspiration for creating a new state of Gorkhaland. -
Unraveling Inclusiveness in North East India: Lessons from the Experimentations of Indian Gorkhas
SAMATA Annual Lecture IV 1 SAMATA Annual Lecture IV Unraveling Inclusiveness in North East India: Lessons from the Experimentations of Indian Gorkhas Professor Mahendra P Lama Unraveling Inclusiveness in North East India: "Lessons from the Experimentations of Indian Gorkhas" 2 Prof. Mahendra P Lama © SAMATA Annual Lecture IV Kathmandu 26-27 September 2014 Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal Phone: +977-1-01-5520851 E-mail: [email protected] www.samatafoundation.org This lecture note is published in collaboration with International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance [International IDEA], supported by Royal Norwegian Embassy and Government of Finland. SAMATA Annual Lecture IV 3 Acknowledgement As usual, the effort, contributions and support of many have made this two-day event possible. We are extremely grateful to Prof. Mahendra P. Lama for coming to Nepal and sharing his experiences with us and for unfolding a new knowledge on "Unraveling Inclusiveness in North East India: Lessons from the Experimentations of Indian Gorkhas". We take this opportunity to thank International IDEA for providing the funds and necessary guidance for organizing SAMATA Annual Lecture IV and the discussion program with a grand success. The board of directors offered strategic advice and support. We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to each member of the board. During the discussion, Constituent Assembly members, political leaders, representative from civil society organizations, scholars, students, activists and journalists have presented their precious views on the lecture. We would like to thank Hon. Min Bishwokarma and Dr. Yam Bahadur Kisan for their insights that added more color to Prof. Mahendra P. Lama's presentation. -
Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters
HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 35 Number 2 Article 12 January 2016 Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters Jayeeta Sharma University of Toronto, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation Sharma, Jayeeta. 2016. Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters. HIMALAYA 35(2). Available at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol35/iss2/12 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Producing Himalayan Darjeeling: Mobile People and Mountain Encounters Jayeeta Sharma Introduction This article explores the social production of Darjeeling through the social and cultural This article explores the social production of Himalayan Darjeeling through the social and cultural encounters that encounters that helped transform a mountain helped transform a health resort—originally intended for health resort for colonial functionaries British colonial functionaries—into a vibrant mountain into a vibrant Himalayan hub for vernacular hub for vernacular modernity and local cosmopolitan- ism. Darjeeling’s evolution as a transcultural locale owed modernity and local cosmopolitanism. While much to the improvisational strategies and asymmetrical Darjeeling’s high-altitude setting inextricably relationships of and between the mobile historical subjects linked it to the intense exploitation of subaltern who constituted this mutable mountain space as much as it bodies, it evolved as a dynamic urban locality constituted them.