DOCSLIB.ORG

Raptor Conservation in Veracruz, Mexico

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Raptor Conservation in Veracruz, Mexico J. Raptor Res. 26(3):184-188 ¸ 1992 The Raptor ResearchFoundation, Inc. RAPTOR CONSERVATION IN VERACRUZ, MEXICO JUAN ESTEBANMARTiNEZ-GOMEZ Av. 16 de Septiembre1758, Veracruz,Veracruz, 91700 Mdxico ABSTRaCT.--Thisarticle presents aspects of raptorconservation, including training of localstudents, developingnetworks to monitorbird trade and to protectnatural areas, establishing banding stations in Veracruz,ecotourism, and cooperativeefforts among raptor biologists in North Americaand Veracruz. Because67 raptorspecies are foundin Veracruz,Mexico, and because the most northern high evergreen rainforestof thecontinent is locatedin thisMexican State, a majorconservation effort in thisregion is certainly warranted. Conservaci6nde avesrapaces en Veracruz, M•xico EXTRACTO.--Esteart•culo discute aspectos relacionados con la conservaciOnde avesde presa;tales como el entrenamientode estudianteslocales, el desarrollode redesde vigilanciapara el mercadeode avesy la protecciOnde fireasnaturales, el establecimientode estacionesde anillamiento,ecoturismo, asl como la cooperaci0nentre estudiosos delas aves de presa en Norteam•rica y Veracruz. La necesidaddemayores esfuerzosconservacionistas en esta region se hace patente, si seconsidera queen esteestado mexicano se encuentrala selvaalta perennifoliamils nortefia del continentey tiene registradas sesenta y sieteespecies de aves de presa. On 23 April 1990 I becamea Hamerstrom '•ab- HISTORICAL VIEW boon."During my four-monthstay in Plainfield, Wis- consinI learnedmuch aboutraptors from Frederick The roleof raptorswas notable in the pre-hispanic and Frances Hamerstrom. I especiallyenjoyed those cultures that flourished in Veracruz. The Olmecas tzmeswhen we talkedabout their experienceswith neo- and Totonacaserected sculptures representing sev- tropicalraptors in Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz,Mexico, and eral speciesof birds of prey (De la Fuente 1975, their interestin tropicalforest conservation. The Ha- Medellin 1983). The agriculturaland sylvicultural merstromsbelieve that it is very important to support practicesof the ancientresidents of Veracruz ap- Latin Americanstudents in order to establisha group parently were compatible with their environment of individualswith an adequatelevel of expertiseto (Siemens 1981, 1982, Alcorn 1983). developeffective conservation schemes in the Neotrop- An epidemic in the mid-15th century causeda zcs.Here, I return thefavor of their training by writing decreasein the Indian population,thus permitting aboutareas in the Neotropicalforest of Veracruz,Mex- the Spaniardsto take over Indian lands, at which zco,where the Hamerstroms worked in the late sixties. time cattle ranchingwas promoted.Some Indians movedto the mountains,while others were assimi- STUDY AREA lated. This situation,together with a massiveim- The State of Veracruz, Mexico, extends from 17ø10'N to 22ø15'N, between the Gulf of Mexico to the East and migrationfrom Spain,imposed an incompatiblere- the Mexican states of the Central Plateau to the West sourcemanagement system that had beendeveloped (Sotoand Garcia 1986). F•levationin the stateranges from in the temperateregions of the Old World (Gunder sealevel to 4300 m abovesea level (Marchal 1984). Twen- ty vegetative types, including high evergreenrainforest, 1982, G6mez-Pompa1985). tropicaldeciduous forest, cloud forest, evergreen oak forest, As a result,the traditionalknowledge of resource marshes, mangrove swamps, brackish estuaries, beach managementin the area has been forgottenor lost. communitiesand various forms of agricultural and grazing lands occurin the region. Eighty-five of 8000 plant species Consequently,for example,courses offered by the in the regionare listedas endangeredspecies (Dirzo 1987, UniversidadVeracruzana, colleges of Biology,Vet- Flores and Gerez 1988). Of the approximately 685 bird erinary Scienceand Agronomy,today focus mainly speciesrecorded for the state (Loetscher 1941, 1955, Pe- terson and Chalif 1989, Schaldachpers. comm.), 137 are on studiesof exotic,rather than native,species, and listed as endangered(Aguilar-Ortiz 1970, Ramos 1985, cattleranching is currentlythe predominantagri- Vega 1988). cultural activity in Veracruz. 184 SEPTEMBER 1992 RAPTOR CONSERVATION IN VERACRUZ 185 CURRENT PROBLEMS ciety, could play a major role in raptor conservation (Appendix 1). Forest destructionpromoted by agricultureand Consider,for example,the UniversidadVeracru- human colonization of tropical areas is the major zana. Every university in Mexico has a required threat to Neotropical raptors in Veracruz. Forest- undergraduateprogram called Servicio Social (So- dwelling birds have been greatly affectedand their populationsizes have decreased(Ramos 1985) by cial Service),consisting of communityservice for one year. Much research,both basicand applied, could this factor. The extirpationsof Harpy Eaglesfrom be accomplishedby usingthis programto fostercon- Central Veracruz and Los Tuxtlas, King Vultures servationefforts. Although studentsmust work in a and Bicolored Hawks from Los Tuxtlas (Coates- Mexican institution, researchers in North America Estrada and Estrada 1985, Ifiigo et al. 1987, Aguilar can direct students and contribute to the establish- in pressa), as well as the proliferationin thoseareas of raptor speciesthat favor disturbedhabitats (G6- ment of successfulconservation programs in Vera- cruz. mez 1991), constitutean exampleof habitat lossand The Instituto Veracruzano de Cultura works alterationthat appliesalso to other tropical areasin Mexico. mainly to maintain cultural traditions within the State of Veracruz. Several of its programsare con- Raptors are often shot by farmers and hunters cerned with the restoration of traditional methods of evenwhen it is not permittedby law. Most of the natural resourcemanagement. It is now realizedthat huntersin Veracruz are not able to identify native speciesor to recognizescientific names in hunting the conservationof natural diversityand socialdi- calendarsso that hunting regulationsare rarely fol- versitygo together.This institutionhas 57 Casasde lowed.Raptors are especiallyvulnerable to hunting Cultura (Culture Houses)throughout the Statethat offer logisticsupport for studentsworking on their during fall migration,when huntersseeking White- "Social Service." wingedDoves (Zenaida asiatica) kill large numbers of birdsof preyat E1Viej6n, Veracruz (R.S. Aguilar Training of local peopleis important becausethe peps.comm.). successof tropical forest conservationdepends on Pesticidepollution constitutes another threat. Al- localenthusiasm and participation.A major problem bert et al. (1989) found organochlorinecompounds in this area is language.Few studentsin Veracruz in brain, liver and adiposetissue samples of an Or- speakEnglish, and few American raptor biologists speakSpanish. One solutionto thisconundrum would nate Hawk-Eagle from Santa Marta, in Los Tux- tlas, Veracruz. Additional researchis neededto de- be to have Latin American studentsspend several months interning in North America to allow them termine the impact of pesticidesin raptor populations to learn English and to prepare them for future in this region. Aguilar (in pressb) found that in Xalapa, Ve- interactionswith their northern colleagues.They racruz, the Roadside Hawk, White-tailed Kite, would alsothen be availableto teach Spanishto the Crested Caracara and the American Kestrel are fre- North American counterparts. quentlytraded in local markets;during fall migra- Other, more advanced,students could begin grad- tion other speciesare trapped and sold in Mexico uate studiesin North America if financial support were available. Upon their return to Latin America City (R.S. Aguilar peps.comm.). they wold form the nucleusof a local raptor group. Raptor biologistsvisiting Latin America should COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND offer to give talks or workshopsto interestedlocal MANAGEMENT SCHEMES inhabitants. Also, when North American scientists Despitethese problems Veracruz, Mexico, has 67 plan researchprojects in Latin America,they should speciesof raptors (Table 1), and recentchanges in hire local field assistants.Furthermore, many Mex- the roles of local universities,together with a grow- ican universities allow foreign advisers, enabling ing concernamong the civilianpopulation, offer hope. North American scientiststo direct graduate stu- Several institutions, including the Universidad dents in Mexico. Veracruzana (U.V.), the Universidad Nacional Au- Although protectedareas in Veracruz cover 1% t6noma de M6xico (U.N.A.M.), the Instituto de of the state (Flores and Gerez 1988), only at the EcologiaA.C., the InstitutoVeracruzano de Cultura Estaci6n de Biologla Tropical de Los Tuxtlas (IVEC), and an emerging local ornithologicalso- (U.N.A.M.) is there appreciablevigilance. For ex- 186 JUANESTEBAN MARTiNEZ-GOMEZ VOL. 26, NO. 3 Table 1. Raptorspecies reported for Veracruz,Mexico. 1 ENGLISH NAME SPANISH NAME 2 SCIENTIFIC NAME BlackVulture b3 Carrofierocom6n Coragypsatratus Turkey Vulture b Aura com6n Cathartesaura Lesser Yellow Vulture Aura sabanera Cathartes burrovianus King Vulture Carrofiero rey Sarcoramphuspapa Ospreym Aguila pescadora Pandionhaliaetus Gray-headedKite Milano cabecigris Leptodoncayanensis Hook-billed Kite Milano piquiganchudo Chondrohieraxuncinatus Swallow-tailed Kite m Milano tijereta Elanoidesforficatus White-tailed Kite Milano coliblanco Elanus caeruleus Snail Kite Milano caracolero Rostrhamus sociabilis Double-toothedKite Milano bidentado Harpagusbidentatus MississippiKite m Milano migratorio Ictinia mississippiensis
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Arizona Game and Fish Department Heritage Data Management System
    ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT HERITAGE DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Animal Abstract Element Code: ABNKC15010 Data Sensitivity: Yes CLASSIFICATION, NOMENCLATURE, DESCRIPTION, RANGE NAME: Buteogallus anthracinus Deppe COMMON NAME: Common black-hawk, Lesser black hawk, Mexican black hawk, crab hawk, Sparrowhawk Black Crab seller, Sparrowhawk Crab seller, Aguililla-negra menor (Spanish) SYNONYMS: Falco anthracinus, Buteogallus anthracinus anthracinus FAMILY: Accipitridae AUTHOR, PLACE OF PUBLICATION: W. Deppe, Preis-Verz. Saugheth. Vog…Mexico. Pp: 3. 1830. TYPE LOCALITY: TYPE SPECIMEN: TAXONOMIC UNIQUENESS: The species anthracinus is 1 of 5 within the genus Buteogallus , and is divided into 3 subspecies, B.a. bangsi , found on Cuba and Isle of Pines; B.a. utilensis farther south on islands in the Gulf of Honduras and B.a. anthracinus from northern South America to the southwestern United States (Schnell et al. 1986). DESCRIPTION: A medium to large-sized hawk with broad rounded wings, and a hooked beak. The length is 20-22 inches (51-56 cm), wingspan 40-50 inches (102-127 cm), and a weight of 1.4-2.9 lbs (0.6-1.3 kg). As with most other raptor species, Common Black-hawks are sexually dimorphic, with the females being larger than the males. Adults are uniformly blackish except for the white 1-3 inch-wide median band on the short broad tail, which is the most distinctive identification mark for this species. The small white base of primaries, are not always visible. The sexes are similar and cannot be distinguished in the field with certainty except by behavioral differences, although many females have a longer light patch in the malar region below the eye.
    [Show full text]
  • 198 Pursuit and Capture of a Ring-Billed Gull by Bald
    198 Florida Field Naturalist 28(4):198-200, 2000. PURSUIT AND CAPTURE OF A RING-BILLED GULL BY BALD EAGLES ANDREW W. KRATTER1 AND MARY K. HART2 1Florida Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 117800, University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 3261; email: kratter@flmnh.ufl.edu 2Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, 32611 Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) are opportunistic hunters that employ a num- ber of techniques to capture a wide variety of prey (Bent 1937, Brown and Amadon 1968, Sherrod et al. 1976, McEwan and Hirth 1980). These eagles are known to occasionally pursue prey, including flying birds, in pairs or larger groups (McIlhenny 1932, Sherrod et al. 1976, Folk 1992). Here we report three Bald Eagles giving a prolonged chase of a Ring- billed Gull (Larus delawarensis), which resulted in the gull’s capture by one of the eagles. At approximately 1500 on 12 December 1998, we were kayaking east across Newnan’s Lake in eastern Alachua County, Florida, when we noticed a group of approximately 50 Ring-billed Gulls sitting on the water near the center of the lake. As we approached to approximately 100 m, the gulls lifted off when an adult Bald Eagle flew toward them at a height of about 75 m. The eagle immediately started to chase a first-winter individual. The chase was linear at first, but the gull evaded the faster flying eagle with sharp turns. Over the next three minutes, the eagle continued to chase the gull with rather slow stoops from heights of 25-100 m followed by short, fast linear pursuits.
    [Show full text]
  • Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
    Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2.
    [Show full text]
  • A Snail Kite's Delight
    Marsh Trail - Photo by Arthur Jacoby A Snail Kite’s Delight Naturalist Observations of The Marsh Trail Impoundments By Bradley Rosendorf, Education and Outreach Associate A hike around the Marsh Trail impoundments provides opportunities for Refuge guests to observe a stunning array of unique Everglades wildlife. The Refuge is an ecological gem and one of the precious jewels of the National Wildlife Refuge System. On the Marsh Trail, visitors regularly observe species such as the American alligator, white- Bradley tailed deer, Everglade Snail Kite, Sandhill Crane, Wood Stork, Glossy Ibis, Limpkin, Purple Gallinule, Pileated Woodpecker, Great Egret, Great Blue Heron, Red- shouldered Hawk and Roseate Spoonbill. There seems to be a big increase in Roseate Spoonbill activity in the area this year! In the fall and winter months, Northern Harriers can be seen, and in the spring and summer, Swallow-tailed Sandhill Cranes - David Kendall Kites are observed. Bald Eagles can also be seen, but they are very elusive. Florida bobcats are sometimes seen stalking the water’s edge for a bird to catch for dinner. The Roseate Spoonbill - Bradley sunsets are a magical sight to behold – in the Real Everglades of Palm Beach County. Every hike on the Marsh Trail offers the possibility of a surprise. At the Refuge, people from all throughout the community unite to support wildlife conservation and be inspired in nature. The Marsh Trail impoundments include 7.6 miles of hiking trail as well as the LILA area – Loxahatchee Impoundment Research Assessment – where you can learn about tree islands and Everglades restoration collaborative research. While hiking through the Marsh Trail impoundments, you can experience an Everglades landscape and habitat that reflects the greater River of Grass ecosystem.
    [Show full text]
  • Bald Eagles 101 Name ______
    Bald Eagles 101 Name __________________________ Go to the Science Spot (http://sciencespot.net/) and click “Kid Zone” to find the link for the “Links for Eagle Days” page! Site: Eagles to the Nest Click “Lesson 1: Bald Eagles 101” and choose “Who Are They?” 1. How many species of eagles are found around the world? _________ 2. The term raptor comes from the Latin word for ________________, which stems from the term “rapture” meaning “____ _________ _____ _________ ________.” 3. Search the page to find the answers to each question. 1st Group - Sea and Fish Eagles (1) How many species belong to this group? ______ (2) Where do they live? _________________________________________________________ (3) What do they like to eat? ____________________________________________________ 2nd Group - Snake Eagles (1) How many species belong to this group? ______ (2) What do they eat? _________________________________________________________ (3) Where can you find these eagles? ___________________________________________ 3rd Group - Harpy Eagles (1) How many species belong to this group? ______ (2) Where do they live? _________________________________________________________ (3) What do they eat? __________________________________________________________ 4th Group - Booted Eagles (1) What do they eat? __________________________________________________________ (2) What one characteristic do all booted eagles have in common? _______________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Identify each eagle by its group using SF for Sea and Fish eagles, S for Snake eagles, H for Harpy eagles, and B for Booted eagles. _____ American Bald Eagle _____ Harpy Eagle _____ Golden Eagle _____ Bateleur _____ Crested Serpent Eagle _____ Steller’s Sea Eagle _____ Black Solitary Eagle _____ Ayres’ Hawk Eagle 4. Where are bald eagles found? ______________________________________________________ 5. Which is larger: a female or male bald eagle? ______________________________________ 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge BIRD LIST
    Merrritt Island National Wildlife Refuge U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service P.O. Box 2683 Titusville, FL 32781 http://www.fws.gov/refuge/Merritt_Island 321/861 0669 Visitor Center Merritt Island U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 1 800/344 WILD National Wildlife Refuge March 2019 Bird List photo: James Lyon Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, located just Seasonal Occurrences east of Titusville, shares a common boundary with the SP - Spring - March, April, May John F. Kennedy Space Center. Its coastal location, SU - Summer - June, July, August tropic-like climate, and wide variety of habitat types FA - Fall - September, October, November contribute to Merritt Island’s diverse bird population. WN - Winter - December, January, February The Florida Ornithological Society Records Committee lists 521 species of birds statewide. To date, 359 You may see some species outside the seasons indicated species have been identified on the refuge. on this checklist. This phenomenon is quite common for many birds. However, the checklist is designed to Of special interest are breeding populations of Bald indicate the general trend of migration and seasonal Eagles, Brown Pelicans, Roseate Spoonbills, Reddish abundance for each species and, therefore, does not Egrets, and Mottled Ducks. Spectacular migrations account for unusual occurrences. of passerine birds, especially warblers, occur during spring and fall. In winter tens of thousands of Abundance Designation waterfowl may be seen. Eight species of herons and C – Common - These birds are present in large egrets are commonly observed year-round. numbers, are widespread, and should be seen if you look in the correct habitat. Tips on Birding A good field guide and binoculars provide the basic U – Uncommon - These birds are present, but because tools useful in the observation and identification of of their low numbers, behavior, habitat, or distribution, birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Painting in Three Species of Buteoninae: a Cytogenetic Signature Reinforces the Monophyly of South American Species
    Chromosome Painting in Three Species of Buteoninae: A Cytogenetic Signature Reinforces the Monophyly of South American Species Edivaldo Herculano C. de Oliveira1,2,3*, Marcella Mergulha˜o Tagliarini4, Michelly S. dos Santos5, Patricia C. M. O’Brien3, Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith3 1 Laborato´rio de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogene´tica, SAMAM, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil, 2 Faculdade de Cieˆncias Exatas e Naturais, ICEN, Universidade Federal do Para´, Bele´m, PA, Brazil, 3 Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4 Programa de Po´s Graduac¸a˜oem Neurocieˆncias e Biologia Celular, ICB, Universidade Federal do Para´, Bele´m, PA, Brazil, 5 PIBIC – Universidade Federal do Para´, Bele´m, PA, Brazil Abstract Buteoninae (Falconiformes, Accipitridae) consist of the widely distributed genus Buteo, and several closely related species in a group called ‘‘sub-buteonine hawks’’, such as Buteogallus, Parabuteo, Asturina, Leucopternis and Busarellus, with unsolved phylogenetic relationships. Diploid number ranges between 2n = 66 and 2n = 68. Only one species, L. albicollis had its karyotype analyzed by molecular cytogenetics. The aim of this study was to present chromosomal analysis of three species of Buteoninae: Rupornis magnirostris, Asturina nitida and Buteogallus meridionallis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments with telomeric and rDNA probes, as well as whole chromosome probes derived from Gallus gallus and Leucopternis albicollis. The three species analyzed herein showed similar karyotypes, with 2n = 68. Telomeric probes showed some interstitial telomeric sequences, which could be resulted by fusion processes occurred in the chromosomal evolution of the group, including the one found in the tassociation GGA1p/GGA6.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Identification of the Field Identification of the Field
    TOPICS IN IDENTIFICATION he Solitary Eagle ( Harpyhaliaetus solitarius ) is a large raptor that is closely related and similar in adult and immature plum- Tages to the black-hawks in the genus Buteogallus (Lerner and Mindell 2005). It is a rare and very local resident in a variety of wet and dry forested hills and highlands from northern Argentina to northern Mexico (del Hoyo et al. 1994, Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001). The species has been collected in Mexico not far from the Texas border (see Discussion, pp. 72 –73), so it is possible that it has occurred in the ABA Area. The handful of specimens and nest records of this eagle are from 700 to 2,000 meters above sea level (Brown and Amadon 1968). FFiieelldd IIddeennttiifificcaattiioonn ooff tthhee SSOOLLIITTTAAARRRYYY EEAAAGGGLLLEEE Nevertheless, sightings of this eagle are occasionally reported from lowland tropical rain forest, e.g., at Tikal, Guatemala (Beaver et al. 1991) and the Tuxtlas Mountains of south - William S. Clark ern Veracruz, Mexico (Winker et al. 1992). The species has been reported on some pro - 2301 South Whitehouse Circle fessional bird tours at such lowland sites as Palenque and the Usumicinta River in south - Harlingen, Texas 78550 ern Mexico. All of these accounts have relied on large size and gray coloration as the [email protected] field marks to distinguish the eagles from the much more abundant Common Black- Hawk ( Buteogallus anthracinus ) and Great Black-Hawk ( B. urubitinga ). H. Lee Jones Howell and Webb (1995) were skeptical and stated that most lowland records of the 4810 Park Newport, No.
    [Show full text]
  • REGUA Bird List July 2020.Xlsx
    Birds of REGUA/Aves da REGUA Updated July 2020. The taxonomy and nomenclature follows the Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos (CBRO), Annotated checklist of the birds of Brazil by the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee, updated June 2015 - based on the checklist of the South American Classification Committee (SACC). Atualizado julho de 2020. A taxonomia e nomenclatura seguem o Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos (CBRO), Lista anotada das aves do Brasil pelo Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos, atualizada em junho de 2015 - fundamentada na lista do Comitê de Classificação da América do Sul (SACC).
    [Show full text]
  • Extreme Variation in the Tails of Adult Harlan’S Hawks
    EXTREME VARIATION IN THE TAILS OF ADULT HARLAN’S HAWKS William S. (Bill) Clark Some adult Harlan’s Hawks have tails somewhat similar to this one Bob Dittrick But many others have very different tails, both in color and in markings Harlan’s Hawk type specimen. Audubon collected this adult in 1830 in Louisiana (USA) and described it as Harlan’s Buzzard or Black Warrier - Buteo harlani It is a dark morph, the common morph for this taxon. British Museum of Natural History, Tring Harlan’s Hawk Range They breed in Alaska, Yukon, & ne British Columbia & winter over much of North America. It occurs in two color morphs, dark and light. The AOS considers Harlan’s Hawk a subspecies of Red- tailed Hawk, Buteo jamaicensis harlani, but my paper in Zootaxa advocates it as a species. Clark (2018) Taxonomic status of Harlan’s Hawk Buteo jamaicensis harlani (Aves: Accipitriformes) Zootaxa concludes: “It [Harlan’s Hawk] should be considered a full species based on lack of justification for considering it a subspecies, and the many differences between it and B. jamaicensis, which are greater than differences between any two subspecies of diurnal raptor.” Harlan’s Hawk is a species: 1. Lack of taxonomic justification for inclusion with Buteo jamaicensis. 2. Differs from Buteo jamaicensis by: * Frequency of color morphs; * Adult plumages by color morph, especially in tail pattern and color; * Neotony: Harlan’s adult & juvenile body plumages are almost alike; whereas those of Red-tails differ. * Extent of bare area on the tarsus. * Some behaviors. TYPE SPECIMEN - Upper tail is medium gray, with a hint of rufous and some speckling, wavy banding on one feather, & wide irregular subterminal band.
    [Show full text]
  • Eagle-Eye Tours Guyana Tour Species List January 17-29, 2019
    Guyana Tour Species List Tour Leader: Paul Prior Eagle-Eye Tours January 17-29, 2019 BIRD SPECIES Seen/ Common Name Scientific Name Heard TINAMOUS 1 Great Tinamou Tinamus major H 2 Cinereous Tinamou Crypturellus cinereus H 3 Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui H 4 Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus H 5 Red-legged Tinamou Crypturellus erythropus H 6 Variegated Tinamou Crypturellus variegatus H DUCKS, GEESE, AND WATERFOWL 7 White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata S 8 Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata S 9 Masked Duck Nomonyx dominicus S GUANS, CHACHALACAS, AND CURASSOWS 10 Variable Chachalaca Ortalis motmot S 11 Marail Guan Penelope marail S 12 Spix's Guan Penelope jacquacu S 13 Black Curassow Crax alector S NEW WORLD QUAIL 14 Crested Bobwhite Colinus cristatus S FLAMINGOS 15 American Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber S GREBES 16 Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus S 17 Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps S STORKS 18 Maguari Stork Ciconia maguari S 19 Jabiru Jabiru mycteria S 20 Wood Stork Mycteria americana S FRIGATEBIRDS 21 Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens S CORMORANTS AND SHAGS 22 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus S ANHINGAS 23 Anhinga Anhinga anhinga S PELICANS 24 Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis S HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS Page1 of 15 Guyana Tour Species List Tour Leader: Paul Prior Eagle-Eye Tours January 17-29, 2019 BIRD SPECIES Seen/ Common Name Scientific Name Heard 25 Pinnated bittern Botaurus pinnatus S 26 Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi S 27 Great Egret Ardea alba S 28 Snowy Egret Egretta thula S 29 Little
    [Show full text]
  • Predation of Birds Trapped in Mist Nets by Raptors in the Brazilian Caatinga
    Predation of Birds Trapped in Mist Nets by Raptors in the Brazilian Caatinga 1 2 5 Juan Ruiz-Esparza • • Resumen: 1 3 Patricio Adriano da Rocha • La red de neb/ina es una tecnica de captura de Adauto de Souza Ribeiro4 vertebrados voladores como aves y murcielagos. Una Stephen F. Ferrari4 vez capturados e inmovilizados, los animates son 1 Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation, vulnerables a ataques par predadores hasta su extracci6n. Ataques de animates atrapados han sido Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Avenida registrados en diferentes lugares, aunque los datos son Marechal Rondon s/n, 49.100-000 Sao poco sistematicos, tales como clasificaci6n de la Crist6vao - Sergipe, Brazil. depredaci6n estrin disponibles. Analizamos ataques 2 PR D MA , Universidade Federal de Sergipe, contra las aves capturadas en redes de neblina en la Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, 49.100-000 Caatinga y regiones aledafias en el nordeste de Brasil. Sao Crist6vao-Sergipe, Brazil. Un total de 979 aves fueron capturadas durante 6, 000 horas-red de muestreo, donde 18 (1, 8%) fueron 3 Graduate Program in Zoot gy, U n:i versidade encontradas muertas en Ia red de neblina con senates de Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa-Paraiba, Brazil. Ia depredaci6n. En Ia mayoria de los casas no fue posible identificar el predador, un Gavilan de los 4 Department of Biology, Unjversidade Fed ral d Caminos (Rupomis magnirostris) fue capturado junto S r0 ipe, A venida Marechal Rondon con un Chivi Amarillento (Basileuterus flaveolus) /n 49.100-000 Sao Crist6vao- Sergipe Brazil. depredado, heridas simi/ares fueron observadas en las 5 orresponding author; e-maiJ: otras aves, sugiriendo que rapaces pudieron haber sido juanco lorad 2 1@ h tmail.com responsables par los otros ataques.
    [Show full text]