Beyobasi Enerj Üretm Sanay Ve

BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

E2065 v23 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM SANAY VE TCARET A. . Public Disclosure Authorized

OTLUCA HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT (Otluca 1, Otluca 2 and Boguntu Regulator and HEPP)

Public Disclosure Authorized PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

MERSIN PROVINCE, ANAMUR DISTRICT

Public Disclosure Authorized

Prepared by: Cinar Consultancy Company November 2006 Public Disclosure Authorized

1 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

1. PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS*

*: The original Project Information File (in Turkish) is 204 pages and approved by Turkish authorities. Only sections relevant to environmental impacts and monitoring has been translated to English for Infoshop disclosure a) Work Flow Chart, Capacity, Occupied Area, Technology and the Number of the Employed Personnel pertaining to the Project

Consumption of electrical energy is one of the most important indications of the financial development and social well-being. The electricity consumption and/or generation per capita in a country have great importance for reflecting the living standards in that particular country. Turkey, which is a rapidly developing and industrializing country, is in need of uninterrupted, reliable and economical energy that is of high quality.

Although the gross electricity consumption per capita in Turkey has reached 2.090 kWh as of the beginning of 2004, considering that this figure is approximately 6.500 kWh/person in Europe and the world average is 2.350 kWh/person; it is observed that the electricity consumption per capita is very low in our country. For this reason, it is evident that the electricity energy supply, primarily hydroelectric energy, needs to be increased.

Especially in our country, the energy need continuously is on the rise due to the development. Therefore, it is a necessity to meet that demand. While meeting this necessary need, the hydroelectric energy generation holds great importance in order to make use of our renewable energy resources at the highest level which are clean, natural and environment friendly.

As a matter of fact Ninth Development Plan (2007-2013) has been prepared in the framework of a vision of Turkey that “grows with stability, shares its income in a just manner, has competition power in global scale, transforms into information society, has completed harmonization process for EU membership” and Long Term Strategy (2001-2023). Accordingly, in the plan:

• Continuous, safe and most cost-effective provision of energy which is required by the financial development and social improvement is aimed as a foundation. While meeting the energy demand it is desired that the environmental hazards are kept as low as possible and the energy is utilized in the most efficient and economical way in every phase from energy generation to final consumption.

• With the purpose of privatization of public generation plants and distribution system, performing in accordance with the Strategy Document that was put in force in March 2004, receiving the benefits of the privatization of distribution and generation plants as soon as possible, it is proposed that privatization process of electricity sector is accelerated.

• With the purpose of increasing the security of supply, a balanced resource diversification and the country of origin differentiation have been performed on

2 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

primary energy resource basis. It is aimed that the share of domestic and renewable energy resources is maximized in the generation system.

• In proportion with the public sector’s withdrawal, in order for the private sector to reinforce the appearing gap in time and start new generation investments in parallel with supply/demand projections, it is expressed that suitable environment shall be created with legislative regulations and thus, special care is paid on the issue that existing facilities are privatized and the new investment burden is not left on the public. In the framework of its regulating and inspecting role, public shall closely follow the security of supply and it is proposed that it shall be equipped to take precautions.

• Investments in the electricity transmission, which will stay in public ownership, shall continue to protect the security and reliability of the electrical system.

• It is taken as a principle that especially hydroelectric power plant projects, which are included in the public investment program, shall be completed in a rapid manner, with minimum cost and start contributing to the economy. For this reason, special attention shall be paid that investment costs reflects the truth, no cross financing shall be done between the sectors and rises in the costs due to delays in the projects shall be prevented.

• With the purpose of increasing financial competitive power and raise the public’s level of well-being, in the framework of liberalization of the electricity sector it is aimed to from a system which will generate the electricity with the least possible cost.

• In parallel with the financial and social development, an average annual increase of 6.2 percent in the primary energy request is anticipated in the plan period. It is expected that the share of natural gas in energy consumption will rise from 28 percent in 2005 to 34 percent while the share of petrol products shall regress from 37 percent to 31 percent. On the other hand, in parallel with the development mainly in industrial manufacture and services sector, the electricity demand in the Ninth Development Plan shall experience an annual rise of 8.1 percent on average.

The hydroelectric energy potential is very high in our country. However, when compared with the hydroelectric generation potential of Turkey, it can be said that the existing generation share is relatively low. Technical and economical hydroelectric potential of Turkey is determined to be 127,381 GWh (GDSHW 2005). The capacity of the installed hydroelectric power plants, as of the end of 2004, is 12,654 MW and this constitutes 33,8 % of the total installed energy generation capacity (37,480 MW) in Turkey. In the same year (2004) 47,614 GWh electrical energy is generated from hydraulic resources (GDSHW, 2005). As of the end of the year in question, 2004, under operation, 8 % (10,645) is under construction and the remaining 55 % is (69,122 Billion kWh) under various planning stages.

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Since the generation of hydroelectric power plants is dependent on the precipitation conditions, their total contribution to the total generation varies each year. In electricity energy generation, n addition to fossil and nuclear fueled thermal and natural gas fired power plants, hydroelectric power plants have two key properties which are renewable and peak operation.

In conclusion, as it is mentioned in the Ninth Development Plan, when annual average basic energy demand increase (6.2 %), development of renewable resources such as hydroelectric represents great importance in Turkey as well as all around the world.

In this respect, in accordance with 4628 Numbered Electricity Market Law which came into force after its publication on 3rd of March, 2001 (4628 Numbered Electricity Market Law which came into force after its publication on 3rd of March, 2001, in order to supply electricity with high quality to the customers in a sufficient, continuous, low cost, environment friendly manner, it is aimed to form a financially strong, stable and transparent electricity energy market which will operate in a competitive environment according to special regulatory verdicts and to provide independent regulation and inspection in this market. The law specifies the rights and responsibilities of all real and legal entities which are related to the generation, transmission, distribution, wholesale and retail sale, import and export of electricity.), “Otluca HEPP Project” is going to be constructed and operated by Beyobasi Enerji Uretimi A.S. and it is aimed that it will assist in meeting the increasing energy demand of Turkey.

Based upon the fact that issuing a generation license for Otluca HEPP Project generation plant is found appropriate by EMRA’s 31.10.2005 dated and 5724 numbered Commission Resolution, “Water Usage Right Agreement” has been signed by General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (GDSHW) and Beyobasi Enerji Uretim A.S. (See Appendix-28 Official Correspondences)

In the scope of Otluca HEPP project;

¾ Otluca 1 Weir and HEPP Project on Anamur Creek (Sugozu),

¾ Otluca 2 Weir and HEPP Project on Anamur Creek (Sugozu),

¾ Boguntu Weir and HEPP Project on Boguntu Brook which flow into Anamur Creek,

are planned and on average 223.50 GWh total annual energy generation will be achieved with total 47.7 MW installed power, and this will contribute to the national development.

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Otluca HEPP project is located on Anamur Creek, in Taseli Plateau, in the south of Turkey. Anamur Creek Basin is in the middle section of the Mediterranean Region and it is located between 36o 36’ 30’’ northern parallels and 32o 30’ 33’’ eastern longitudes. Icel province, Anamur District, in which the basin is located, extends between the ridges of Taseli plateau that exceed 1800 m. Anamur Creek is born from Western Taurus Mountains and it is recharges by resources around Sugozu and proceed in southwest direction. After its confluence with Kilic Brook close to Dibek neighborhood, this creek gains Guney Brook upstream of Alakopru and flows into the Mediterranean Sea from the west of Anamur District.

Otluca HEPP project is planned on Sugozu and Boguntu Brooks as well as Anamur Creek. Project water supply and water potential calculations have been carried out by using Flow Observation Stations in the project area and its surroundings. Monthly average flow tables of 1721 and 1730 Flow Observation Stations pertaining to years 1696-2000, monthly average flow tables of Otluca 1, Otluca 2 and Boguntu Weirs are given in Appendix 6. Water potential calculations for Otluca 1 Weir were carried out by using the flow data from 1730 FOS (Anamur C-Dibek Bridge) while the calculations for Otluca 2 and Boguntu Weirs were carried out by using the flow data from 1730 FOS and 1721 FOS (Anamur Creek-Alakopru). Installed power optimization studies were carried out with the project characteristics which were formed subsequently and the detail studies started once the most economical project discharge was determined.

Consequently, characteristic and detail information pertaining to the units included in the scope of this integrated project. Longitudinal section and work flow chart pertaining to these projects are presented in F4 (Sheet-04).

1.a.1. Otluca HEPP Project Characteristic Information

1.a.1.1. Otluca 1 Weir and HEPP Project (See, Appendix-7, Appendix-10, Appendix-13, and Appendix-19)

Characteristic information pertaining to the project is presented below.

Hydrology Drainage area (net) : 28.17 km2 Annual Average Discharge : 21.90 m3/s Project flood discharge : 192.50 m3/s Crete Length : 35 m Type : Plain web, front intake m Thalweg Elevation : 373.00 m Crete Elevation : 383.50 m Threshold Height (from thalweg) : 10.50 m Maximum Water Level : 386.50 m Landscaping Elevation : 386.90 m

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Water Intake Structure Type : Front Intake Number of Water Gates and their : 3 Each, h=1.50m, b=4.00 m dimensions

Sedimentation Pool Length of the Sedimentation Pool : 45.00 m Width of the Sedimentation Pool : 6 m Number of partitions : 3 Sedimentation grain diameter : 0,50 mm

Water Conveyance Tunnel (Tunnel-1) Diameter of the Tunnel : 3.70 m Length of the Tunnel : 3.891 m Tunnel Type : Improved Horseshoe – Free flow Tunnel Slope : 0.00075 m Water Velocity in the Tunnel : 2.10 m/sec

Delivery channel Channel Section and Type : Rectangular section/Walled Tunnel Channel Dimensions (internal) : B=4.50 m H=3.45 Length of the Channel : 482.94 m Slope of the Channel’s Bottom : 0.0006 Water Velocity in the Channel : 1.73 m/sec Water Height in the Channel : 2.56 m Channel Wall Concrete Thickness : 50 cm Channel Bottom Concrete : 35 cm Thickness

Water Conveyance Tunnel (Tunnel-2) Diameter of the Tunnel : 3.70 m Length of the Tunnel : 2,196.52 m Tunnel Type : Improved Horseshoe – Free flow Tunnel Slope : 0.00075 m Water Velocity in the Tunnel : 2.10 m/sec

Forebay Pool Length of the Forebay pool : 44.40 m Width of the Forebay pool : 7.50 m Pool intake Bottom Elevation : 368.40 m Minimum Water Level : 376.00 m Normal Water Level : 378.08 m Maximum Water Level : 379.09 m Active Volume : 1033.61 m3

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Penstock Penstock Diameter : 2.30 m Penstock Length : 496 m Wall Thickness : 16-28 mm Branch Diameters : 1.30 m

Otluca 1 Power House Water Intake Elevation : 370.55 m Thalweg Elevation of Power : 162.00 m House’s Location Tailwater Elevation : 165.00 m Net Head : 205.05 (Q=20.00 m3/sec) m Power House Type : Above Ground Turbine Type : Vertical Axis, Francis Number of Units : 3 each Power of Each Unit : 13.52 MW Installed Power : 40.56 MW Firm Energy : 57.80 GWh Secondary Energy : 135.10 GWh Total Energy : 192.90 GWh Project Discharge : 20 m3/sec Turbine Efficiency : 0.90 Generator Efficiency : 0.965 Transformer Efficiency : 0.975

Generator Type : 3 phase Synchronous Unit Power : 16.000 kVA Number of Units : 3 each Power Factor : 0.90 Number of Revolutions : 500 rpm Frequency : 50 Hz

Unit Transformer Number of Unit Transformers : 3 each Transformer Efficiency : 0.975 Power : 16,000 kVA Type : 3 phase Frequency : 50 Hz

Auxiliary Service Transformer Number of Auxiliary Service : 3 each Transformers Power : 400 kVA Type : 3 phase Frequency : 50 Hz

1.a.1.1.1. Otluca 1 Weir

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Water diversion and water intake structure of this stage is Otluca 1 weir. Otluca 1 weir is at 373.00 m thalweg elevation, at a height of 10.50 m from thalweg, at 383.50 m crete elevation. The access to the weir site is possible through the existing road which continues from Dibek neighborhood, along Sugozu Brook. Weir is located at 650 m to the southeast of Otluca Neighborhood, 5.5 km north of Dibek neighborhood and foothills of Ardicli ridge on the left bank.

In accordance with the valley topography and the discharge of the intake water, Otluca 1 Weir is designed as front intake, plain web type. Weir crete width is 35.00 m. This width is able to, safely, pass 100 years recurrent flood discharge (Q100 = 192.5 m3/sec) with 2.45 water load. Landscaping elevation of the weir is determined to be 386.90 m which will ensure safety at 500 year recurrent flood discharge.

There is a stilling pool (energy breaking pool) behind the weir’s body. Stilling pool is at 345.50 m elevation and in accordance with the water velocity, the pool entrance is designed as Type II pool and the pool length is calculated as 12.00 m. There are blocks at the entrance, middle section and exit of the pool. The height of the entrance blocks shall be 0.80 m while the height of middle section blocks shall be 1.25 m and the height of the exit block shall be 0.90 m.

In order to perform the construction of the weir in dry conditions, the derivation facilities are designed so as to ensure safety according to 5 year flood discharge. Considering the steep topography in the weir locations, it is proposed that the derivation is performed in two stages and a derivation tunnel is utilized. Consequently, derivation closure bank shall be constructed in the first phase. After the closure bank a horseshoe shaped derivation tunnel having 200 m length and 3.90 m internal diameter shall be constructed on the left bank of the brook. The intake elevation of the derivation tunnel is 380.00 m. Following the completion of the tunnel’s construction the closure bank shall be removed, upstream cofferdam shall be constructed in front of the brook and the water shall be conveyed to the tunnel. Thalweg elevation of the cofferdam is 377.50 m, while above portal is at 385.30 m elevation, first berm and last berm are at 385.80 m and 387.50 m elevations, respectively. Following the completion of the upstream cofferdam and the intake of the water into the derivation tunnel, energy tunnel entrance portal excavation shall be completed, gravel pass and water intake structure-sedimentation pool shall be constructed and the construction of approach wall and tunnel entrance portal shall be completed. At the second phase, following the completion of water intake structures and conveyance structures, forebay pool, penstock and power house, the derivation tunnel shall be closed, water shall accumulate in the weir and it will be taken into system through the tunnel.

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The dimensions of the gravel pass are determined to ensure that 5 year recurrent flood peak discharges are transferred downstream. At the same time, gravel pass shall transfer sediment and large grains having the size of a gravel, downstream. Gravel pass is composed of a single division which is 4.50 m wide. The bottom elevation of the gravel pass shall be arranged to ensure that the downstream forming according to the capacity shall have a plunge which is suitable to water elevation. In order to prevent the sliding of the plunge in the gravel pass to downstream and the creation of scouring in the brook bed, enrockment shall be made in the brook bed, at the exit of the structure.

The water intake structure is located on the right bank, beside the weir body and gravel pass. At the entrance of the water intake structure there are 3 sections, middle feet of which are separated, and cofferdam operation gates along with grills. Entrance threshold of water intake structure is 380.50 m. Net dimensions pertaining to grills are 2.30 x 4.00 m while the internal width of the water intake structure, including the middle foot, is 14.00 m. The diameter of the sedimentation grain which shall be realized according to the head of the facility and project discharge and water intake elevation is determined to be 0.50 mm while the length of the sedimentation pool located after the entrance of water intake structure is calculated to be 45.00 m. 1 % slope is applied on the pool bottom.

Sediment washing pipe is placed at the end of the sedimentation pool and thus, the sediment (material that comes from the brook bed such as stone clay, sand etc. ) is discharged into the brook occasionally. At the end of the pool, an underwater bulkhead is located over the threshold while an operation gate is located in front of the threshold. After this point, a tunnel passage transition structure shall be constructed at the end of the water intake structure and water shall be taken into energy tunnel.

1.a.1.1.2. Energy Tunnel and Conveyance Tunnel

Following the transition structure which shall be built after water intake structure sedimentation pool, at first the water shall be taken into energy tunnel. The total length of Tunnel-1 is 3,891 m and the bottom slope is selected as 0.00075 as a result of performed optimization studies. In accordance with that the diameter of the tunnel which will operate under free flow is calculated as 3.70 m and its section is proposed to be improved horseshoe. After Tunnel-1, considering topographical conditions, water shall be taken into conveyance tunnel. Conveyance tunnel has rectangular cross section, 4.50 m x 3.45 dimensions and its length is 482.94 m. After conveyance tunnel, again due to topographical conditions, water shall be taken into conveyance tunnel (Tunnel-2). Characteristics of Tunnel-2 are identical with that of Tunnel-1 and its length is 2,196.52 m. Conveyance tunnel ends in Levekli ridge to the south of Dibek Neighborhood and after this point, it shall be transferred to forebay pool.

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1.a.1.1.3. Forebay Pool

Forebay pool is located at the end of the conveyance tunnel. Normal water level, maximum water level and minimum water level of the forebay pool are 378.08 m, 379.09 m and 376.00 m, respectively.

Minimum water level of the forebay pool is determined as the water level when a single unit operates with 75 % discharge. In order to prevent the forming of vortexes in the penstock, the placement of the penstock is performed in accordance with the minimum water level and pool bottom elevation is determined to be 368.40 m. Forebay pool normal water level, which is also power plant water intake elevation, is calculated with the water height in the tunnel with project discharge. Effective volume between minimum and maximum water levels is 1,033.61 m3 and it is large enough to operate a single unit at full capacity for 2.5 minutes.

A threshold and a grill on the threshold are present at the end of the pool. In order to discharge the excess water, there shall be 36.00 m long spillway on both wall of the pool, at normal elevation level. Water that is spilled out of the pool with a canal shall be connected to side brook over the ridge.

1.a.1.1.4. Penstock

As a result of the install power optimization, the diameter of the penstock which starts with the butterfly placed in the valve room with the purpose of emptying the penstock for operation-maintenance purposes is determined to be 2.30 m. The inclined length of the penstock which descends to power plant located on Anamur Creek, at 162.00 m thalweg elevation is 496 m. Considering penstock diameter, discharge, length and water hammer, the wall thickness is calculated in two stages. For 380 m section, between the beginning of the penstock and 270.00 m elevation, the wall thickness is calculated to be 16 mm while for the remaining 226 m-section it is calculated to be 28 mm. When penstock arrives at the power plant entrance elevation, it shall be divided into branches to supply water to three units. Based on the principle that water velocity should not change in the penstock and branches, the branch pipe diameter is calculated as 1.30 m. In branching area, the penstock shall be in concrete jacket and power plant landscaping fill shall be placed on top.

At vertical curve points, penstock shall be placed in a fixed support. Furthermore, its anchorage to the ground shall be secured by constructing sliding supports along the pipe with 10.00 m separation.

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1.a.1.1.5. Power House, Turbine Type, Unit Power and Number of Units

Otluca 1 HEPP Power house shall be located on the foothills of the ridge descending from Ogrencik Position, approximately 300 m upstream of Kilic Brook confluence point on the right bank. Power plant is on the right bank at Anamur Creek 152.00 m thalweg elevation. Water elevation at the power plant location, in the brook bed with 500 year recurrent flood discharge is calculated to be 163.00 m. therefore, power plant location landscaping elevation shall be constructed at 163.50m to ensure safety against 500 year flood.

According to the project discharge and the head which are determined as a result of installed power optimization of the power plant, the turbine type is selected to be Francis (vertical axis). Considering the pattern of the currents transmitted to the power plant from Otluca 1 Weir, it is determined that 3 turbines are required in the power plant. The design discharges of the turbines pertaining to Otluca 1 System are determined to be 6.67 m3/sec and thus it is ensured that the number of the units and the unit discharges are sufficient for efficient operation of the turbines, moreover, it is made possible to subject all discharge intervals to turbines and procurement of operation-maintenance-spare part are facilitated.

1.a.1.1.6. Generators and Transformers

3 generators pertaining to 3 units in Otluca 1 system located in the power plant shall be 3 phase synchronous type and the power of the generators shall be 16.000 kVa.

Additionally, a diesel generator shall be present in the power plant and in case units are not in operation, the diesel generator shall feed the auxiliary service transformer which is used in case of need.

1.a.1.1.7. Switchyard and Power Transmission

Otluca 1 HEPP switchyard shall be constructed just above the power plant and it shall cover the capacities of Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP. The energy shall be transmitted from Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP to Otluca 1 HEPP via 34.5 kV line. All energy in Otluca 1 HEPP switchgear shall be branch connected to 154 kV voltage line which is located approximately 7 kms away. The characteristics of the Power Transmission Line (PTL) shall

11 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE be “7km, 154 kV, dual circuit line with 2 x 477 MCM conductors”. EEA studies related to PTL are not in the scope of this report and they shall be, separately, carried out in coordination with General Directorate of TEIAS.

1.a.1.1.8. Access Road

For Otluca 1 HEPP system, the asphalt road extending along Sugozu Brook and after this road, stabilized roads branching into forebay pool and weir location shall be used. No new road construction is required for the construction of this system.

1.a.1.2 Otluca 2 Weir and HEPP Project (See, Appendix-8, Appendix-11, Appendix-14, and Appendix-19)

Characteristic information pertaining to the project is presented below.

Hydrology Drainage area (net) : 142.18 km2 Annual Average Discharge : 17.02 m3/s Project flood discharge Q(100) : 472.60 m3/s Crete Length : 42 m Type : Plain web, front intake m Thalweg Elevation : 157.00 m Crete Elevation : 159.00 m Threshold Height (from : 8.00 m thalweg) Maximum Water Level : 168.00 m Landscaping Elevation : 168.40 m

Water Intake Structure Type : Front Intake Number of Water Gates and : 3 Each, h=1.50m, b=4.00 m their dimensions

Sedimentation Pool Length of the Sedimentation : 45.00 m Pool Width of the Sedimentation : 12.00 m Pool Number of partitions : 3 Sedimentation grain diameter : 0,60 mm

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Water Conveyance Tunnel (Tunnel-1) Diameter of the Tunnel : 3.90 m Length of the Tunnel : 403 m Tunnel Type : Improved Horseshoe – Free flow Tunnel Slope : 0.0081 m Water Velocity in the Tunnel : 2.28 m/sec

Delivery channel Channel Section and Type : Rectangular section/Walled Tunnel Channel Dimensions (internal) : B=5.00 m H=3.15 Length of the Channel : 58.96 m Slope of the Channel’s Bottom : 0.0006 Water Velocity in the Channel : 1.81 m/sec Water Height in the Channel : 2.82 m

Water Conveyance Tunnel-2 Diameter of the Tunnel : 3.90 m Length of the Tunnel : 680 m Tunnel Type : Improved Horseshoe – Free flow Tunnel Slope : 0.0081 m Water Velocity in the Tunnel : 2.28 m/sec

Delivery Channel -2 Channel Section and Type : Rectangular section/Walled Tunnel Channel Dimensions (internal) : B=5.00 m H=3.15 Length of the Channel : 406.27 m Slope of the Channel’s Bottom : 0.0006 Water Velocity in the Channel : 1.81 m/sec Water Height in the Channel : 2.82 m

Forebay Pool Length of the Forebay pool : 40.00 m Width of the Forebay pool : 12.00 m Pool intake Bottom : 160.62 m Elevation Minimum Water Level : 161.31 m Normal Water Level : 163.26 m Maximum Water Level : 164.36 m Active Volume : 1560 m3

Penstock Penstock Diameter : 2.50 m Penstock Length : 55 m Wall Thickness : 8 mm Branch Diameters : 1.45 x 3 each m

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Otluca 2 Power House Water Intake Elevation : 154.80 m Thalweg Elevation of Power : 130.00 m House’s Location Tailwater Elevation : 134.00 m Gross Head : 205.05 (Q=20.00 m3/sec) m Power House Type : Above Ground Turbine Type : Kaplan Number of Units : 3 each Power of Each Unit : 1.36 MW Installed Power : 4.09 MW Firm Energy : 5.33 GWh Secondary Energy : 14.54 GWh Total Energy : 19.87 GWh Project Discharge : 24.00 m3/sec Turbine Efficiency : 0.93 Generator Efficiency : 0.965 Transformer Efficiency : 0.975

Generator Type : 3 phase Synchronous Unit Power : 1600 kVA Number of Units : 3 each Power Factor : 0.90 Number of Revolutions : 500 rpm Frequency : 50 Hz

Unit Transformer Number of Unit Transformers : 3 each Transformer Efficiency : 0.975 Power : 1600 kVA Type : 3 phase Frequency : 50 Hz

Auxiliary Service Transformer Number of Auxiliary Service : 3 each Transformers Power : 100 kVA Type : 3 phase Frequency : 50 Hz

1.a.1.2.1. Otluca 2 Weir

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Water diversion and water intake structure of this stage is Otluca 2 weir. Otluca 2 weir is at 157.00 m thalweg elevation, at a height of 8.00 m from thalweg, at 159 m crete elevation. The access to the weir site is possible through the existing road which continues along Anamur Creek. Weir is located at a distance of 500 m to the upstream between Kiziltas Ridge on the right bank and Malaturagi Ridge on the left bank, 400 m before Kilic Brook confluence, 2 km to the south of Dibek Neighborhood.

In accordance with the valley topography and the discharge of the intake water, Otluca 2 Weir is designed as front intake, plain web type. Weir crete width is 42.00 m. This width is able to, safely, pass 100 years recurrent flood discharge (Q100 = 472.6 m3/sec) with 3.00 water load.

Landscaping elevation of the weir is determined to be 168.40 m which will ensure safety at 500 year recurrent flood discharge.

There is a stilling pool (energy breaking pool) behind the weir’s body. In accordance with the water velocity, the pool entrance is designed as Type II pool and the pool length is calculated as 14.00 m. There are blocks at the entrance, middle section and exit of the pool.

In order to perform the construction of the weir in dry conditions, the derivation facilities are designed so as to ensure safety according to 5 year flood discharge. Due to the high level of the derivation discharge and the welcoming nature of the valley topography, construction of a derivation tunnel is found to be appropriate. Derivation channel shall be located on the right bank. The tunnel that shall be constructed will have trapezoid cross- section, incline of slope of 1.5 horizontal: 1 vertical and the width of its bottom shall be 7.00 m, tunnel height shall be 4.00 m and bottom slope shall be 0.003. For derivation, a closure bank shall be formed at the tunnel intake mouth and channel shall be constructed. Subsequently, the closure bank shall be removed, upstream cofferdam shall be constructed while the water flows through the water derivation tunnel and the construction of the weir shall commence.

The water intake structure is located on the right bank, beside the weir body and gravel pass. At the entrance of the water intake structure there are 3 sections, middle feet of which are separated, and cofferdam operation gates along with grills. Entrance threshold of water intake structure is 160.62 m. Net dimensions pertaining to grills are 2.60 x 4.00 m while the internal width of the water intake structure is 14.00 m. The diameter of the sedimentation grain which shall be realized according to the head of the facility and project discharge and water intake elevation is determined to be 0.6 mm while the length of the sedimentation pool located after the entrance of water intake structure is calculated to be 45.00 m. 1 % slope is applied on the pool bottom.

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Sediment washing pipe is placed at the end of the sedimentation pool and thus, the sediment is discharged into the brook occasionally. At the end of the pool, an underwater bulkhead is located over the threshold while an operation gate is located in front of the threshold. After this point, a tunnel passage transition structure shall be constructed at the end of the water intake structure and water shall be taken into energy tunnel.

Gravel pass shall transfer sediment and large grains having the size of a gravel, downstream. Gravel pass has no derivation objective. Gravel pass is composed of a single division which is 4.00 m wide. Net dimensions of the gate are 4.00 m x 1.50 m. The bottom elevation of the gravel pass shall be arranged to ensure that the downstream forming according to the capacity shall have a plunge which is suitable to water elevation. In order to prevent the sliding of the plunge in the gravel pass to downstream and the creation of scouring in the brook bed, enrockment shall be made in the brook bed, at the exit of the structure.

Furthermore on the left side of the gravel pass, in order to sustain the natural life in water, a fish passage which will facilitate the passage of fish upstream, shall be constructed.

1.a.1.2.2. Conveyance Tunnel and Delivery Channel

Following the transition structure and the sedimentation pool, at first the water shall pass through 403 m-long conveyance tunnel (tunnel-1), and after that in order 58.96 m long delivery channel (channel-1), 680 m long conveyance tunnel (tunnel-2) and 406.27 m-long delivery channel (channel-2) and finally taken into forebay pool. The bottom slope is taken as 0.00081 in conveyance tunnels while it is taken as 0.0006 in delivery channels. Especially, in order to protect the main road which continues along Sugozu Brook on right bank and arrives at the construction site and prevent it from the effects of any channel accident, the channel cross section is selected as rectangular wall type. The bottom width, height and water height of the channel are proposed to be, in proper order, 5.50m, 3.15 m and 2.65m.

1.a.1.2.3. Forebay Pool

Forebay pool is located at the end of the conveyance tunnel. Normal water level, maximum water level and minimum water level of the forebay pool are 163.26 m, 164.36 m and 161.31 m, respectively.

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Minimum water level of the forebay pool is determined as the water level when a single unit operates with 75 % discharge. In order to prevent the forming of vortexes in the penstock, the placement of the penstock is performed in accordance with the minimum water level and pool bottom elevation is determined to be 152.50 m. Forebay pool normal water level, which is also power plant water intake elevation, is calculated with the water height in the tunnel with project discharge. Effective volume between minimum and maximum water levels is 1,560 m3 and it is large enough to operate a single unit at full capacity for 2 minutes.

1.a.1.2.4. Penstock

As a result of the install power optimization, the diameter of the penstock which starts with the butterfly placed in the valve room with the purpose of emptying the penstock for operation-maintenance purposes is determined to be 2.50 m. The inclined length of the penstock to Otluca 2 HEPP is 55 m. The wall thickness of the penstock is calculated to be 8 mm. When penstock arrives at the power plant entrance elevation, it shall be divided into branches to supply water to three units. Based on the principle that water velocity should not change in the penstock and branches, the branch pipe diameter is calculated as 1.45 m. In branching area, the penstock shall be in concrete jacket and power plant landscaping fill shall be placed on top.

1.a.1.2.5. Power House, Turbine Type, Unit Power and Number of Units

Otluca 2 HEPP Power house shall be located in Caltibuku Village, approximately 1,200 m downstream of Kilic Brook confluence point on the right bank. Power plant is on the right bank at Anamur Creek 130.00 m thalweg elevation.

At power plant location, it is planned to execute construction works by considering 500 year recurrent flood discharge, landscaping in the brook bed and flood safety. If it is deemed necessary according to map elevations taken at the power plant tailwater exit, brook bed analysis shall be performed and power plant tailwater elevation shall be arranged as 134.00 m. This elevation shall be calculated as weighed operation elevation and turbines shall, occasionally, operate as submerged.

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According to the project discharge and the head which are determined as a result of installed power optimization of the power plant, the turbine type is selected to be ‘kaplan‘ turbine. Considering the pattern of the weir location currents transmitted to the power plant, it is determined that 3 turbines are required in the power plant. The design discharges of the turbines are determined to be 8.00 m3/sec and thus it is ensured that the number of the units and the unit discharges are sufficient for efficient operation of the turbines, moreover, it is made possible to subject all discharge intervals to turbines and procurement of operation- maintenance-spare part are facilitated.

Installed Power : 4.09 MW Number of Units : 3 Discharges of the Units : Q1=Q2=Q3=8.00 m3/s Installed Powers of the Units : 3 x 1.36 MW

1.a.1.2.6. Generators and Transformers

3 generators pertaining to 3 units in the power plant shall be 3 phase synchronous type and the power of the generators shall be 16.000 kVa. Additionally, a diesel generator shall be present in the power plant and in case units are not in operation, the diesel generator shall feed the auxiliary service transformer which is used in case of need.

There are 3 transformers in the power plant. The transformers shall be of 3 phase type and their power shall be 1.600 kVA. Furthermore, an auxiliary transformer having 100 kVA shall be present in the power plant for internal requirements.

1.a.1.2.7. Switchyard and Power Transmission

Otluca 2 HEPP switchyard shall be arranged as an indoor switchgear inside the power plant and the energy shall be transmitted from Otluca 2 HEPP to the switchyard near Otluca 1 HEPP via 1.5 km-long 34.5 kV line.

1.a.1.3. Boguntu (Otluca 1B) Weir and HEPP Project (See, Appendix-9, Appendix- 12, Appendix-15, and Appendix-19)

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Characteristic information pertaining to the project is presented below.

Hydrology Drainage area (net) : 62.98 km2 Annual Average Discharge : 2.30 m3/s Project flood discharge Q(100) : 254.20 m3/s Crete Length : 30 m Type : Plain web, front intake m Thalweg Elevation : 228.00 m Crete Elevation : 233.50 m Threshold Height (from thalweg) : 5.00 m Maximum Water Level : 237.45 m Landscaping Elevation : 237.85 m

Water Intake Structure Type : Front Intake Number of Water Gates and their : 3 Each, h=1.50m, dimensions b=3.50 m

Sedimentation Pool Length of the Sedimentation Pool : 35.00 m Width of the Sedimentation Pool : 6.10 m Number of partitions : 1 Sedimentation grain diameter : 0,60 mm

Delivery channel Channel Section and Type : Rectangular section/Walled Tunnel Channel Dimensions (internal) : B=3.00 m H=2.00 Length of the Channel : 161.74 m Slope of the Channel’s Bottom : 0.00047 Water Velocity in the Channel : 1.17 m/sec Water Height in the Channel : 1.78 m Channel Wall Concrete Thickness : 40 cm Channel Bottom Concrete Thickness : 50 cm

Water Conveyance Tunnel Diameter of the Tunnel : 2.60 m Length of the Tunnel : 1,379 m Tunnel Type : Improved Horseshoe – Free flow Tunnel Slope : 0.0004 m Water Velocity in the Tunnel : 1.22 m/sec

Forebay Pool Length of the Forebay pool : 20.00 m

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Width of the Forebay pool : 5.00 m Pool intake Bottom Elevation : 243.42 m Minimum Water Level : 247.02 m Normal Water Level : 248.02 m Maximum Water Level : 248.31 m Active Volume : 302.25 m3

Penstock Penstock Diameter : 1.25 m Penstock Length : 81.00 m Wall Thickness : 6 mm Branch Diameters : 0.60x3 each m

Boguntu Power House Water Intake Elevation : 163.71 m Thalweg Elevation of Power House’s : 158.00 m Location Tailwater Elevation : 164.90 m Net Head : 63.91 m Power House Type : Above Ground Turbine Type : Vertical Axis, Francis Number of Units : 3 each Power of Each Unit : 1.02 MW Installed Power : 3.06 MW Firm Energy : 0.270 GWh Secondary Energy : 10.46 GWh Total Energy : 10.73 GWh Project Discharge : 4.00 m3/sec Turbine Efficiency : 0.93 Generator Efficiency : 0.965 Transformer Efficiency : 0.975

Generator Type : 3 phase Synchronous Unit Power : 1,250 kVA Number of Units : 3 each Power Factor : 0.90 Number of Revolutions : 300 rpm Frequency : 50 Hz

Unit Transformer Number of Unit Transformers : 3 each Transformer Efficiency : 0.975 Power : 1250 kVA Type : 3 phase Frequency : 50 Hz

Auxiliary Service Transformer Number of Auxiliary Service Transformers : 3 each

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Power : 100 kVA Type : 3 phase Frequency : 50 Hz

1.a.1.3.1. Boguntu (Otluca 1B) Weir

Water diversion and water intake structure of Boguntu system is Boguntu weir. The weir is at Boguntu Brook 373.00 m thalweg elevation, at a height of 5.00 m from thalweg, at 233.50 m crete elevation. There is an existing road connecting to the weir site. Weir is located 1.20 km upstream of Boguntu Brook’s confluence point to Sugozu (Anamur Creek) between the Kandil ridge on right bank and Burunustu ridge on the left bank.

In accordance with the valley topography and the discharge of the intake water, Boguntu Weir is designed as front intake, plain web type. Weir crete width is 30.00 m. This width is able to, safely, pass 100 years recurrent flood discharge (254.2 m3/sec) with 2.48 water load. Landscaping elevation of the weir is determined to be 237.85 m which will ensure safety at 500 year recurrent flood discharge.

There is a stilling pool (energy breaking pool) behind the weir’s body. Stilling pool is at 230.515 m elevation and in accordance with the water velocity, the pool entrance is designed as Type II pool. The pool length is calculated as 35.00 m. There are blocks at the entrance, middle section and exit of the pool.

In order to perform the construction of the weir in dry conditions, the derivation facilities are designed so as to ensure safety according to 5 year flood discharge (143.00 m3/sec). Due to the high level of the derivation discharge and the welcoming nature of the valley topography, construction of a derivation tunnel is found to be appropriate. Derivation channel shall be located on the right bank. The tunnel that shall be constructed will have trapezoid cross-section, incline of slope of 1.5 horizontal: 1 vertical and the width of its bottom shall be 7.00 m, tunnel height shall be 4.00 m and bottom slope shall be 0.003. For derivation, a closure bank shall be formed at the tunnel intake mouth and channel shall be constructed. Subsequently, the closure bank shall be removed, upstream cofferdam shall be constructed while the water flows through the water derivation tunnel and the construction of the weir shall commence.

The water intake structure is located on the right bank, beside the weir body and gravel pass. At the entrance of the water intake structure , which shall be constructed with a single division, there are cofferdam operation gates along with grills. Entrance threshold of water intake structure is 230.515 m. Net dimensions pertaining to grills are 2.90 x 3.20 m while the internal width of the water intake structure is 3.20 m. The diameter of the

21 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE sedimentation grain which shall be realized according to the head of the facility and project discharge and water intake elevation is determined to be 0.60 mm while the length of the sedimentation pool located after the entrance of water intake structure is calculated to be 35.00 m.

Gravel pass shall transfer sediment and large grains having the size of a gravel, downstream. Gravel pass has no derivation objective. Gravel pass is composed of a single division which is 2.00 m wide. Net dimensions of the gate are 3.00 m x 2.50 m. In order to ensure that the downstream forming according to the capacity shall have a plunge which is suitable to water elevation, the bottom elevation of the gravel pass is calculated to be 226.80 m. In order to prevent the sliding of the plunge in the gravel pass to downstream and the creation of scouring in the brook bed, enrockment shall be made in the brook bed, at the exit of the structure.

1.a.1.3.2. Conveyance Tunnel and Delivery Channel

Following the sedimentation pool, the water shall be taken into delivery channel and from delivery channel into conveyance tunnel and finally it shall be transferred to forebay pool. The delivery channel has a rectangular cross section, its dimensions are 3.00 m x 2.00 m and its length is 1379m.

1.a.1.3.3. Forebay Pool

Forebay pool is located at the end of the conveyance tunnel. When load losses occurring throughout the pressurized conveyance are taken into account, forebay pool normal water level which is also power plant water intake elevation is found to be 248.02 m. The maximum water level and minimum water level in the pool are 248.31 m and 247.02 m, respectively.

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Minimum water level of the forebay pool is determined as the minimum water level that does not cause vortex forming at the exit mouth of the conveyance pipe. In order to prevent the forming of vortexes in the penstock, the placement of the penstock is performed in accordance with the minimum water level and pool bottom elevation is determined to be 242.97 m. Effective volume between minimum and maximum water levels is 302.25 m3 and it is large enough to operate a single unit at full capacity for 1.25 minutes.

1.a.1.3.4. Penstock

In accordance with the maximum water velocity in the pipe, the diameter of the penstock which starts with the butterfly placed in the valve room with the purpose of emptying the penstock for operation-maintenance purposes is determined to be 1.25 m .The inclined length of the penstock is 81.00 m. The wall thickness of the penstock is calculated to be 6 mm. When penstock arrives at the power plant entrance elevation, it shall be divided into branches to supply water to three units. Based on the principle that water velocity should not change in the penstock and branches, the branch pipe diameter is calculated as 0.60 m.

1.a.1.3.5. Power House, Turbine Type, Unit Power and Number of Units

Boguntu HEPP Power house shall be located on the right bank of Anamur Creek, approximately 900 m upstream of Kilic Brook confluence point on the left bank.

Water elevation at the power plant location, in the brook bed with 500 year recurrent flood discharge is calculated to be 169.70 m. Therefore, power plant location landscaping elevation shall be constructed at 170.00m to ensure safety against 500 year flood. If it is deemed necessary according to map elevations (estimated 165.00 m) taken at the power plant tailwater exit, brook bed analysis shall be performed and power plant tailwater elevation shall be determined. This elevation shall be calculated as weighed operation elevation and turbines shall, occasionally, operate as submerged.

According to the project discharge and the head which are determined as a result of installed power optimization of the power plant, the turbine type is selected to be ‘horizontal axis Francis‘ turbine. Considering the pattern of the weir location currents transmitted to the power plant, it is determined that 3 turbines are required in the power plant. The design discharges of the turbines are determined to be 4.00 m3/sec and thus it is ensured that the number of the units and the unit discharges are sufficient for efficient operation of the turbines, moreover, it is made possible to subject all discharge intervals to turbines and procurement of operation-maintenance-spare part are facilitated.

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Installed Power : 3.06 MW Number of Units : 3 Discharges of the Units : Q1=Q2=Q3=1.33 m3/s Installed Powers of the Units : 3 x 1.02 MW

1.a.1.3.6. Generators and Transformers

3 generators pertaining to 3 units in the power plant shall be 3 phase synchronous type and the power of the generators shall be 1,250 kVa. Additionally, a diesel generator shall be present in the power plant and in case units are not in operation, the diesel generator shall feed the auxiliary service transformer which is used in case of need.

There are 3 transformers in the power plant. The transformers shall be of 3 phase type and their power shall be 1.250 kVA. Furthermore, an auxiliary transformer having 100 kVA shall be present in the power plant for internal requirements.

1.a.1.3.7. Switchyard and Power Transmission

Boguntu HEPP switchyard shall be arranged as an indoor switchgear inside the power plant and the energy shall be transmitted from Boguntu HEPP to the switchyard near Otluca 1 HEPP via 200 m-long 34.5 kV line.

1.a.2. Access Roads to Otluca HEPP Project

There is an asphalt road from Anamur District to Dibek Neighborhood Dibek bridge. From Dibek bridge, it is possible to access Otluca 1 and Boguntu weir as well as Otluca 1 forebay and the delivery channel with rectangular section through stabilized roads. Furthermore, all units of Otluca 2 can be accessed via the asphalt road between Caltibuku Village and Dibek Neighborhood. Consequently, construction of new road is out of question in the scope of Otluca HEPP project. However, in case it is unavoidable that new roads shall be opened, due to the severity of topographical conditions, during construction works, since the entire area is forest area, ‘Forest Permit‘ shall be acquired from General Directorate of Forestry in accordance with 17/3 article of the 6831 numbered Forest Law which is amended with 5192 numbered law.

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1.a.3. Borrow pits and crashing-sifting facility and concrete plant which will be used in the scope of Otluca HEPP Project

The materials and the equipments required for the concrete production in the scope of the project, (quarry, crushing-sifting facility and concrete plant) shall be bought and procured from Quarry, Crushing-Sifting Facility and Concrete Plant planned by Omer BAGCI sole proprietorship in the right side of Dibek bridge (at 483 200 – 40 13 250 elevations) 750 m north of Dibek Neighborhood. Necessary applications for Omer BAGCI sole proprietorship, have been lodged to related authorities. Additionally, reports shall be prepared in the framework of EEA regulation, the application shall be lodged to General Directorate of EEA and Planning and the required document shall be procured. Therefore, environmental effects related to Quarry, Crushing-Sifting Facilities and Concrete Plants and the precautions taken against these effects are not mentioned in this report.

1.a.4 Otluca HEPP Project Installation Cost

Cost calculations of Otluca HEPP project have been carried out according to the following principles:

1 – Quantities are prepared for the structures and General Directorate of SHW 2005 Unit Prices are used in cost calculations. Since there are more detailed exposure tariffs in delivery channel, Project and Construction Department Unit Prices are used while Department of Dams Unit Prices are used in other estimations.

2 – 1 US$ = 1.35 YTL, which is the exchange rate at the beginning of 2005, is used in conversion of U.S. dollars to Turkish Lira.

3 – For the transportation of construction materials, the distances of the facilities which are close to the project site and suitable for usage are taken as a basis and the relevant transportation costs paid are used.

4- For electromechanical equipment expenditures, in parallel with the prices quoted by the manufacturer and representative companies and the costs according to installed power are taken as a basis.

5- The energy collected in Otluca 1 HEPP switchyard shall be transmitted to Anamur Transformer Center with a 7-m long 154 kV dual circuit 477 MCM line. The cost of this energy transmission line is calculated to be US$ 1,000,000 in line with TEIAS unit prices.

1.a.4.1. Otluca 1 HEPP Estimation-Installation-Project and Investment Costs and Annual Benefits

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Project construction works estimation which covers the weir and gravel pass, water intake structure, energy tunnel, delivery channel, forebay pool, valve room and penstock, power house and tailwater channel as well as access roads-site facilities included in Otluca 1 system, is calculated as 31,396,016 YTL (US$ 23,256,308) while Electromechanical Equipment (E/M) estimation is calculated as 15,331,680 YTL (US$ 11,356,800) and project estimation cost is calculated as 46,727,696 ‘

Study-Project-Supervision works cost is calculated as 5 % of the total number found by increasing construction works cost by 10 % for unknown expenditures. There is no nationalization in building sites in the project. However, for the possible nationalizations on the Power Transmission Line route which is subsequently determined, a cost of US$200.000 is taken as a basis. Since special care shall be paid for avoiding from agricultural areas during nationalization, no agriculture income loss is assumed in the project.

Income/expense ratio of the project is calculated by carrying income and expenditure cash flows for 50 year financial analysis period to the first year with a discount rate of 9.5 % and taking the proportion of these values. According to these calculations, income/expenditure ratio of the project is 1.76. Internal profitability ratio of the project is estimated as 17.14 % on average, for 50-year operation period and 2-year construction period.

Annual Benefits

Because the project is only aimed at power generation, in annual benefit calculations only benefits pertaining to annual power generation are calculated from national economy aspect. For firm energy in benefit calculations, energy prices used in GDSHW projects are taken as basis. These are, 6.00 sent/kWh for firm energy and 3.30 sent/kWh for secondary energy.

Annual average power generation of the project and the benefits thereof are given below:

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Firm Energy: 57,80 GWh

Secondary Energy: 135.10 GWh

Total Energy: 192.90 GWh

Firm Energy Benefit: US$ 3,468,000

Secondary Energy Benefit: US$ 4,458,630

Total Energy Benefit: US$ 7,926,630

1.a.4.2. Otluca 2 HEPP Estimation-Installation-Project and Investment Costs and Annual Benefits

Project construction works estimation which covers the weir and gravel pass, water intake structure, delivery channel, forebay pool, valve room and penstock, power house and tailwater channel structures included in Otluca 2 system, is calculated as 6,474,907 YTL (US$ 4,796,227) while Electromechanical Equipment (E/M) estimation is calculated as 2,319,030 YTL (US$ 1,717,800) and project estimation cost is calculated as 8,793,937 YTL (US$ 6,514,027). 323,745 YTL (US$ 239,811) is added to the estimation cost, for construction works 5 % unknown expenditures and installation cost is found to be 9,117,683 YTL (US$ 6,753,839). 356,120 YTL (US$ 253,793) is added to installation cost for Study- Project-Supervision works and Project Cost is found to be 9,473,803 YTL (US$ 7,017,631). 837,174 YTL (US$ 620,129) is added to project cost as construction period interest and Investment cost is calculated as 10,310,977 YTL (US$ 7,637,761). As there is no nationalization in building sites in the project, it is not taken in to account.

Income/expense ratio of the project is calculated by carrying income and expenditure cash flows for 50 year financial analysis period to the first year with a discount rate of 9.5 % and taking the proportion of these values. According to these calculations, income/expenditure ratio of the project is 1.01. Internal profitability ratio of the project is estimated as 9.56 % on average, for 50-year operation period and 1,5-year construction period.

Annual Benefits

6.00 sent/kWh is taken for firm energy while 3.30 sent/kWh is taken for secondary energy and the annual average power generation of the project and the benefits thereof are given below:

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Firm Energy: 5,33 GWh

Secondary Energy: 14.54 GWh

Total Energy: 19.87 GWh

Firm Energy Benefit: US$ 319,800

Secondary Energy Benefit: US$ 479,820

Total Energy Benefit: US$ 799,620

1.a.4.3. Boguntu HEPP Estimation-Installation-Project and Investment Costs and Annual Benefits

Project construction works estimation which covers the weir and gravel pass, water intake structure, delivery channel, forebay pool, valve room and penstock as well as access road structures which are included in Boguntu system and convey the water of Boguntu Brook to the turbines located inside Boguntu HEPP power house, is calculated as 2,824,295 YTL (US$ 2,092,071) while Electromechanical Equipment (E/M) estimation is calculated as 1,032,750 YTL (US$ 765,000) and project estimation cost is calculated as 3,857,045 YTL (US$ 2,857,071).

141,215 YTL (US$ 104,604) is added to the estimation cost, for construction works 5 % unknown expenditures and installation cost is found to be 3,998,260 YTL (US$ 2,961,674). 155,336 YTL (US$ 115,064) is added to installation cost for Study-Project- Supervision works and Project Cost is found to be 4,153,596 YTL (US$ 3,076,738). 581,955 YTL (US$ 431,078) is added to project cost as construction period interest and Investment cost is calculated as 4,735,551 YTL (US$ 3,507,816).

Income/expense ratio of the Boguntu system is calculated by carrying income and expenditure cash flows for 50 year financial analysis period to the first year with a discount rate of 9.5 % and taking the proportion of these values. According to these calculations, income/expenditure ratio of the project is 1.02. Internal profitability ratio of the project is estimated as 9.69 % on average, for 50-year operation period and 2-year construction period.

Annual Benefits

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Annual benefits of Boguntu System is calculated as below by taking 6.00 sent/kWh for firm energy and 3.30 sent/kWh for secondary energy:

Firm Energy: 0,27 GWh

Secondary Energy: 10.46 GWh

Total Energy: 10.73 GWh

Firm Energy Benefit: US$ 16,200

Secondary Energy Benefit: US$ 345,180

Total Energy Benefit: US$ 361,380

1.a.5 Final project Preparation Period, Estimated Beginning and End Date for the Construction of the Facility and Its Operation

Preliminary studies have started with a purpose of minimizing the period for preparation of final projects. After the project acceptance of EMRA and GDSHW, detailed engineering donors pertaining to the region are collected and final project studies have started.

Following the receipt of signing authorization of the investor company the following works have started immediately:

• Performing 1/1,000 scaled map taking required for Facility sites,

• Preparing engineering geology maps which have 1/1,000 scale for water intake structure, forebay pool, penstock route and power plant sites and 1/5,000 scale for conveyance tunnel and delivery channel,

• Preparation of final projects pertaining to all units,

Construction works shall commence in 2007 after receiving all necessary authorizations (EEA is not required decision, forest permit etc). Construction program of Otluca HEPP Project is given in Table 1.a.1. The time required for all construction works is planned as 2 years.

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Table 1.a.1Work Schedule

1st Year (2007) 2nd Year (2008)

No NAME OF THE WORK DONE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1 Project Construction Preparations

Temporary and permanent Site 2 Constructions

3 Weir

4 Sedimentation Pool

5 Delivery Channel

6 Conveyance Tunnel

7 Forebay Room

8 Penstock

9 Power house

10 Power Plant

11 Power Transmission Line

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1.a.6. Number of the Employed Personnel

During land preparation and construction phases, as indicated below in the table, it is estimated that 650 people shall work in all units. During operation phase, it is estimated that in total, approximately, 20 people shall work in three projects.

Table 1.a.2. Number of the Employed Personnel Working in All Units during Land Preparation and Construction Phases of the project

Otluca-1 HEPP Otluca-2 HEPP Boguntu HEPP TOTAL In the construction of Weir 40 45 60 115 In Conveyance Structure 30 45 25 100 In the construction of Forebay pool 30 40 25 95 In the construction of penstock 45 30 35 110 In the construction of power house 30 25 35 90 Electro-mechanical Equipment Manufacture 20 20 20 60 In Excavation works and its Transportation 30 30 20 80 TOTAL 225 235 190 650 Administrative and Technical Personnel 20 20 Grand total 670

Each project and each unit work shall be appointed to different construction companies and thus the project shall be put into operation in a short period of time.

During the construction period of Otluca HEPP project the region shall experience economic development. Qualified and unqualified personnel shall be employed among the local people. Consequently, during anticipated 2-year construction period the project shall contribute to the financial structure of the region.

b) Use of Natural Resources (Land Use, Water Use, Type of Utilized Energy, etc.)

Otluca HEPP project is planned to contribute to national development by realizing an annual average generation of 223.50 GWh with a total installed power of 47.7 MW.

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Icel province, Anamur District (approximately 25km), in which the basin is located, extends between the ridges of Taseli plateau that exceed 1800 m. Sultansuyu which is on the west of the valley where the District Center is located and Anamur Creek which is on the east of that valley are two major rivers of the district. Of these creeks Anamur creek, on which the project is implemented, appears in Sugozu as a limpid fountain formed by the water accumulated in Cukurpinar cave and it constitutes the main source of Anamur creek. Therefore, Anamur creek is born from Western Taurus Mountains and it is recharged by resources around Sugozu and proceeds in southwest direction. After its confluence with Kilic (Boguntu) Brook close to Dibek neighborhood, this creek gains Guney Brook upstream of Alakopru and flows into the Mediterranean Sea from the west of Anamur District.

Following land use is estimated during the works undertaken in project construction period.

Project Units Otluca 1 HEPP Otluca 2 HEPP Boguntu HEPP TOTAL Weir 8.400 m2 9.100 m2 3.600 m2 21.100 m2 Conveyance Structure 8.700 m2 8.800 m2 2.400 m2 19.900 m2 (channel) Forebay pool 2.300 m2 2.000 m2 900 m2 5.200 m2 Penstock 2.000 m2 750 m2 2.100 m2 4.850 m2 Power house 3.300 m2 2.200 m2 1.100 m2 6.600 m2 TOTAL 24.700 m2 22.850 m2 10.100 m2 57.650 m2

All units that shall be built in accordance with the projects are located in areas which are deemed to be forest area.

As it can be observed on Forest Stand Maps prepared in GIS, in a coordinated manner;

1- The following stand types are observed in Otluca 1 HEPP Project’s sites

• In weir site, BCz-T(Degenerate Redwood-Rocky)

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• In forebay pool, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• On penstock route Cz (Redwood), BCz(Degenerate Redwood)

• In Power plant field, Cz (Redwood)

• In Conveyance Tunnel-1 BCz (Degenerate Redwood) and Cz (Redwood); in delivery channel (426 m) Cz (Redwood) and conveyance tunnel-2 Cz(Redwood)

When it is considered that a tree shall be cut in every 20 m2 in the forested land where Otluca 1 HEPP project units will be installed, in total approximately 1.015 trees shall be discarded, for weir (8.400 m2-4.400 m2 (water surface) = 4.000m2) approximately 200 trees, for delivery channel (8.700m2) approximately 435 trees, for forebay pool (2.300m2) approximately 115 trees, for penstock (2.000m2) approximately 100 trees and for power plant site (3.300m2) approximately 165 trees.

2- The following stand types are observed in Boguntu HEPP Project,

• In weir site, Cz(Redwood)

• In forebay pool, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• On penstock route, BCz(Degenerate Redwood)

• In Power plant field, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• In delivery channel (161.79 m) and conveyance tunnel BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

When it is considered that a tree shall be cut in every 20 m2 in the forested land where Boguntu HEPP project units will be installed, in total approximately 425 trees shall be discarded, for weir (3.600 m2-1.600 m2 (water surface) = 2.000m2) approximately 100 trees, for delivery channel (2.400m2) approximately 120 trees, for forebay pool (900m2) approximately 45 trees, for penstock (2.100m2) approximately 105 trees and for power plant site (1.100m2) approximately 55 trees.

3- The following stand types are observed in Otluca 2 HEPP Project,

• In weir site, Cz(Redwood)

33 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

• In forebay pool, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• On penstock route, BCz(Degenerate Redwood)

• In Power plant field, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• In delivery channel (394.16 m) and conveyance tunnel BCz (Degenerate Redwood) and Cz (Redwood).

When it is considered that a tree shall be cut in every 20 m2 in the forested land where Otluca 2 HEPP project units will be installed, in total approximately 938 trees shall be discarded, for weir (9.100 m2-4.100 m2 (water surface) = 5.000m2) approximately 250 trees, for delivery channel (8.800m2) approximately 440 trees, for forebay pool (2,000m2) approximately 100 trees, for penstock (750m2) approximately 38 trees and for power plant site (2.200m2) approximately 110 trees.

In this respect, 2.378 trees (Redwood) shall be discarded in the scope of Otluca HEPP Project (Otluca 1 HEPP, Boguntu HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP). For the use of forest lands, ‘Forest Permit‘ shall be acquired from General Directorate of Forestry in accordance with 17/3 article of the 6831 numbered Forest Law which is amended with 5192 numbered law.

Water Use

Otluca 1 HEPP is planned to pass a discharge of 20 m3/sec1 while Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP are planned to pass discharge values of 24 m3/sec and 4 m3/sec, respectively. Since the water of Sugozu brook where Otluca 1 HEPP shall be installed, Boguntu Brook where Boguntu HEPP shall be installed, and Anamur Creek where Otluca 2 HEPP shall be installed shall be taken with a single water directing structure, forming of a dam lake is out of question. The most important effect in biological environment where the weir is located, is the possible effect on fish due to decreasing flow. During the operation of the facility, considering the average daily current values over the long years, the minimum current value that is required for sustaining the habitats of aquatic organisms shall be fed to the bed as life line. Moreover, for drinking water needs of Anamur District and possible small irrigations (GDRS) water shall be released downstream. Accordingly, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Otluca 1 and Otluca 2 weir a total of 0.8 m3/sec(1), 0.5 m3/sec which is dedicated for the drinking water needs of Anamur District, 0.3 m3/sec for downstream water needs (for sustaining the natural life) and GDRS irrigation, is considered. On the other hand, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Boguntu weir it is found suitable that 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed.

1 Beyobasi Power Generation Inc. Otluca HEPP Project Feasibility Report ELTEM-TEK June, 2004

34 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Moreover, since the side branches between power houses shall feed the river through weirs installed on Sugozu, Boguntu Brook and Anamur Creek, continuity of natural life shall be realized. In addition to this, for the months when the current values are higher than the project discharge, all discharge values exceeding the project discharge shall be completely released into the bed. For the cases when the currents are below the project discharge value, a minimum of 100 lt/sec life line shall be released from each weir for the sake of sustaining natural life.

During land preparation and construction phases in the scope of the project, there shall be water consumption by the employed personnel as well as the undertaken construction works etc. and the relative amounts are indicated in article “c” of this chapter. No underground water shall be used in the scope of the project.

Energy Type

In construction works of the project, diesel, gasoline, machine oil etc. fuel and mineral oil shall be required for the construction machines and the tools used. This shall be met from the closest petrol station. No fuel shall be stored in the project site. Furthermore, after receiving the necessary permissions, the required electricity shall be procured from the network line incoming to the village.

c) Amount of Waste Production (Solid, Liquid, Gas etc.) and Chemical, Physical and Biological characteristics of the wastes

The facilities that shall be constructed for all of the three projects (Otluca 1 HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP) in the scope of the project are the weir (redirection structure), conveyance structure (tunnel and channel), forebay pool, penstock and power house. The environmental effects that will arise as a result of the implementation of the planned facilities are briefly described below.

No significant rise, cave or pit which will be affected from the implementation of the project exists in the project area. The preparation of the land for redirection structure, delivery channel, penstock and power house, their construction, the excavations that shall be performed in the material areas, the geological structure will be slightly remolded and there shall be minor changes in the topography of the land.

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Since the water of Sugozu brook where Otluca 1 HEPP shall be installed, Boguntu Brook where Boguntu HEPP shall be installed, and Anamur Creek where Otluca 2 HEPP shall be installed, shall be taken with a single water directing structure, forming of a dam lake is out of question. The most important effect in biological environment where the weirs are located, is the possible effect on fish due to decreasing flow. During the operation of the facility, considering the average daily current values over the long years, the minimum current value that is required for sustaining the habitats of aquatic organisms shall be fed to the bed as life line. Moreover, for drinking water needs of Anamur District and possible small irrigations (GDRS) water shall be released downstream. Accordingly, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Otluca 1 and Otluca 2 weir a total of 0.8 m3/sec(2), 0.5 m3/sec2 which is dedicated for the drinking water needs of Anamur District, 0.3 m3/sec for downstream water needs (for sustaining the natural life) and GDRS irrigation, is considered. On the other hand, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Boguntu weir it is found suitable that 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed. As a result, in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed, at least 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream from every weir of the project.

Due to the fact that the project is power-oriented and the water in the resource shall be used, the direction of flow and the amount of the water shall not change at all and the amount of silt carried to downstream shall not vary. In this case, the physical and chemical properties of the soil that is irrigated downstream shall stay the same. Also, since redirection structures do not affect the natural regime of the water no positive or negative affect will be observed on the floods.

There is no infrastructure in the project site, except for the village roads. During the realization phase of the project, on the contrary, these roads shall be improved.

2 Beyobasi Power Generation Inc. Otluca HEPP Project Feasibility Report ELTEM-TEK June, 2004

36 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE north of Dibek Neighborhood. Necessary applications for Omer BAGCI sole proprietorship, have been lodged to related authorities. Additionally, reports shall be prepared in the framework of EEA regulation, the application shall be lodged to General Directorate of EEA and Planning and the required document shall be procured. Therefore, environmental effects related to Quarry, Crushing-Sifting Facilities and Concrete Plants and the precautions taken against these effects are not mentioned in this report.

In order to execute the works during land preparation and construction phases of the project, it is proposed the temporary site for the accommodation of the personnel shall be in Otluca 1, Otluca 2 and Boguntu weir as well as Otluca 1 HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP and Otluca 1 forebay. Temporary prefabricated structures shall be constructed in these places for the accommodation of the personnel. Furthermore, it is planned that the non-operating school and the lodgments in Dibek Neighborhood are rented from Directorate of National Education and used as main construction site center. During the operation phase, permanent structures shall be built in power plant and weir sites for the accommodation of the personnel.

It is anticipated that in the scope of the project, a total of 225 people in Otluca 1 HEPP project, a total of 235 people in Otluca 2 HEPP project and a total of 190 people in Boguntu HEPP project, additionally 20 people in administrative and technical section for the whole project shall be employed. During operation phase it is estimated that in all projects 20 people shall be employed in total. In temporary construction sites, it is estimated that 70 people shall be employed in Otluca 1 weir (who shall work in the construction of the weir and conveyance structure), while in Otluca 2 weir 215 people (who shall work in Otluca 2 weir, conveyance structure, forebay pool, excavation work as well as the construction of Boguntu power plant and electro-mechanical equipment), in Boguntu Weir 115 people (who shall work in the construction of weir, conveyance structure, forebay pool, penstock), in Otluca 1 HEPP 80 people (who shall work in power plant, electro-mechanical equipment and excavation works), in Otluca 2 HEPP 95 people (who shall work in power plant, electromechanical equipment and excavation works) and in Otluca 1 forebay pool 75 people (who shall work in the construction of forebay pool and penstock) shall be employed. In addition, the administrative and technical crew shall execute their duties pertaining to the project in the existing structure which shall be rent in Dibek Neighborhood.

The effects on water use and wastewater disposal, solid waste disposal, excavation, noise, air quality in the project are calculated below, in detail.

WATER USE AND WASTE WATER

37 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Places where water shall be used during the land preparation and construction and operation phases of the project, the places of supply, wastewater amounts and the disposal method of the wastewater are given in the table below.

38 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Table 1.c.1. Places and amounts of water use, Places of Supply, Wastewater Amounts and the Wastewater disposal method

Land Preparation and Construction Phase Amount of Wastewater Wastewater Water Use Place of Supply Water Amount disposal method Utility and drinking 650 person x 150 Water for drinking and In the temporary Wastewater shall be water for 650 people lt/person-day = utility purposes shall construction sites stored in sealed in all construction 97.50=lt/sec=97,50 be procured by installed, cesspool constructed in works m3/day transporting with In Otluca 1 Weir each construction site tankers from Dibek construction site= 70 and once the cesspool Neighborhood person x 150 lt/person- is full, it shall be drinking and utility day = 10.5 m3/day disposed of by sewage water network as well In Otluca 1 Forebay truck of Anamur as streams or surface Pool construction site= Municipality and the waters. 75 person x 150 relevant cost shall be lt/person-day = 11.25 paid to the municipality. m3/day In Boguntu Weir construction site= 115 person x 150 lt/person- day = 17.25 m3/day In Otluca 1 HEPP construction site= 80 person x 150 lt/person- day = 10.5 m3/day In Otluca 2 Weir construction site= 215 person x 150 lt/person- day = 32.25 m3/day In Otluca 2 HEPP construction site= 95 person x 150 lt/person- day = 14.25 m3/day The Total wastewater shall be =97.50m3/day. Utility and drinking 20 person x 150 It shall be procured 3.00 m3/day Wastewater shall be water for 20 people lt/person-day = from Dibek given to existing working in 3,00 m3/day neighborhood drinking (pertaining to the School Administrative and and utility water and the Lodgment) Technical Crew network. cesspool. When the cesspool is full, it shall be disposed of by sewage truck of Anamur Municipality and the relevant cost shall be paid to the municipality. Moistening with street Approximately It shall be procured Since the water shall - sprinkler to prevent 9.00 m3/sec from Anamur Creek remain in the soil after dust emission in provided that the moistening, there shall Working Area and the necessary permission be no wastewater. village roads used is acquired from Regional Directorate of GDSHW Operation Phase Utility and drinking 20 person x 150 Water shall be 3.00 m3/day In weir and power plant water for 20 people lt/person-day = procured from village buildings where the working in Operation 3,00 m3/day drinking and utility permanent personnel Phase water network. stay, the wastewater shall be given to the constructed sealed cesspool. When the cesspool is full, it shall be disposed of by sewage truck of Anamur Municipality and the relevant cost shall be paid to the municipality.

39 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Note 1: Amount of water required by a person is taken to be 150 lt/person-day3. Note 2: It is assumed that 100 % of the used water shall return as wastewater.

Since there is no wastewater (sewage) system in and around the operation site, for wastewater which form during the operation phase and have domestic qualities, in accordance with “Regulation Regarding the Pits that Shall Be Opened in Places Where It is Not feasible to Construct Sewage Course” which came into force after being published in 19.03.1971 dated and 13783 numbered Official Gazette, they shall be kept in a sealed cesspool, when the cesspool is full, wastewater shall be disposed of by sewage truck of Anamur Municipality and the relevant cost shall be paid to the municipality.

For all kinds of water discharged in the scope of the project, receiving environment values and wastewater discharge criteria outlined in “Water Contamination Control Regulation” which came into force after being published in 31 December 2004 dated and 25687 numbered Official Gazette and 20th Article of 1380 numbered Water Products Law and Regulation as well as Appendix 5 and Appendix 6 thereof, shall be complied with.

The wastewater having domestic quality which is produced in the scope of the project can be characterized by the qualities of domestic wastewater with intermediate pollution. According to the literature information that is acquired as a result of long research, the total pollution loads pertaining to the characteristics of the formed wastewater with domestic qualities are given in Table 1.c.2.

Table 1.c.2. Total Pollution Load of the wastewater with domestic qualities formed in Operation Phase

PARAMETER Unit load (mg/l) Total load (kg/h) BOl5 220 0.921 KOl 500 2.09 AKM 220 0.921 Oil-grease 100 0.419 Total P 8 0.0335 Total N 40 0.168 Total Cl 50 0.21 Total sulphur 30 0.125 Total inorganic carbon 160 0.67 pH 6-9 Resource: Metcalf and Eddy. (2004). Wastewater Engineering; Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, Mc Graw Hill Book Company, New York, ABD.

Resource: Water Procurement and Wastewater Disposal Applications ITU – 1998, Prof. Dincer Topacik, Prof. Veysel Eroglu

40 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

SOLID WASTE

Land Preparation and Construction Phase

670 (650+20) people working in the land preparation and construction phases of the project will cause solid waste with domestic quality (organic waste, paper, plastic bag etc.) and waste due to construction works (wood, iron, cardboard etc.).

Solid Waste with Domestic Quality and Package Wastes:

Assuming that daily solid waste production of a person is 0.7 kg4;

670 person x 0,7 kg/day = 469 kg/day solid waste with domestic quality shall be produced.

Personnel employed in land preparation and construction phase of the project shall work in construction works of Otluca 1, Otluca 2 and Boguntu Weir as well as Otluca 1 HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP and Otluca 1 forebay pool construction sites.

Solid waste with domestic quality which is produced by the personnel employed in the project, shall be kept in bins with closing-lids which are placed in various locations in the construction sites. These solid wastes accumulating in containers shall be periodically taken by Anamur Municipality and disposed of in municipality’s solid waste dumping area.

Of iron, steel, cement bag, packaging material and the similar solid wastes originating from construction works; those which can be recycled shall be reused in construction productions while other wastes shall be disposed of along with solid wastes with domestic quality.

Waste Oil:

Source: Ministry of Environment, Environment Manual for Municipalities, General Directorate of Environment Pollution Prevention and Control, 1998

41 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Maintenance, repair and cleaning of the machines working in land preparation and construction phase shall not be undertaken in the project site. Instead, nearest authorized service spots and/or petrol stations shall be used. However, if it becomes inevitable that the maintenance of the machines shall be performed in the project site, in this case the verdicts of “Regulation on Control of Waste Oils” which came into force by being published in 21.01.2004 dated and 25353 numbered Official Gazette shall be followed for the disposal of possible waste oils.

Hazardous Waste, Medical Waste, Used Batteries and Accumulators

No hazardous waste or medical waste shall be produced in the scope of the operation which is subject to the project. The employed personnel shall be able to benefit from Medical Centers located in Anamur District. Besides, since the maintenance of the vehicles used in the project shall be done in nearest service spots, no waste in the scope of “Regulation on Control of Used Batteries and Accumulators” shall be produced in the project site. In case it is produced, it shall be disposed of as it is stipulated by the mentioned regulation.

Operation Phase

Considering that in total 20 people shall work in all projects, the amount of domestic solid waste originating from personnel working in the operation phase of the facility shall be (assuming that daily solid waste production per person is 0.7 kg/day-person), 20 person x 0.7 kg/day-person = 0.7 kg/day. These wastes shall be kept in bins with closing-lids which are placed in various locations in the construction sites and they shall be periodically taken and disposed of by Anamur Municipality.

As for the settling material with clay and sand which shall be carried by the water and kept in sedimentation pool shall be periodically (when the pool is full) released to brook bed through sedimentation pool cone for sustaining the natural life.

As a result;

42 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE dated and 20814 numbered “Regulation on Solid Waste Control” and throughout the project, this prohibition as well as all verdicts of `“Regulation on Solid Waste Control” shall be followed.

Furthermore, packages and package wastes which may be produced in all phases of the project shall be disposed of in compliance with the verdicts of “Regulation of Packaging and Package wastes Control” which came into force after being published in 30.07.2004 dated and 25538 numbered Official Gazette.

EXCAVATION

The main facilities included in the following projects:

¾ Otluca 1 Weir and HEPP on Anamur Creek (Sugozu),

¾ Otluca 2 Weir and HEPP on Anamur Creek (Sugozu),

¾ Boguntu Weir and HEPP on Boguntu brook which flows into Anamur Creek,

which are in the scope of Otluca HEPP, are water intake structure, conveyance structure (channel and tunnel), forebay pool, penstock and hydroelectric power plant. Considering the characteristics data of the facilities and the functional projects presented in the appendices, excavation amounts for each facility (unit) during land preparation and construction phases, the places where the excavated material shall be used and the methods of disposal are given in the table below.

Table 1.c.3. Excavation amounts for each facility (unit) during land preparation and construction phases, the places where the excavated material shall be used and the methods of disposal

Otluca 1 HEPP PROJECT The Unit for Amount of Amount of Places where the excavated Disposal Method for the which Excavation Filling material shall be used Excess Excavated Excavation is pertaining to material material performed the Unit (m3) pertaining to the Unit (m3)

43 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Weir Total Upstream It shall be used in the filling In gross total, 151.000 m3 (including cofferdam=1 and reinforcement located on excavated material shall water intake 1,300, right and left banks of the be obtained and 33.450 structure, reinforcemen brook, upstream and m3 fill material shall be sedimentation t=1,900, downstream the weir. Also, required. Fill needs shall pool, water intake water intake structure and a be met from the redirection and portion of the sedimentation excavated material. tunnel, gravel sedimentatio pool, which shall be positioned However, if the remaining pass) = 29.700 n pool on inclined land, shall be excavated material filling=3,000 positioned on the compacted (117.550 m3) is suitable and fill which is made after cutting. for concrete production landscaping That is to say, some portion of purposes, it shall be given =7,000 the excavated material during to the enterprise from TOTAL=23,2 cutting shall be used in which the concrete shall 00 foundation base fill of be procured and this sedimentation pool, spillway material shall be and water intake structure. processed in this Conveyance Total in In delivery Some portion of the excavated enterprise’s crushing- Structure conveyance channel material shall be used in sifting facilities. If it is not tunnel and surroundings access bank which shall be suitable for such delivery filling=2,000 constructed on the left side of purposes, since the channel the direction of channel project site is out of construction = towards forebay pool and it adjacent area boundaries, 80.950 shall also used as after receiving necessary maintenance road in operation storage permits, it shall be phase. (see Appendix-10 stored in an area Sheet-15) instructed by Anamur Forebay pool Total=11.100 Forebay pool Some portion of the excavated Forestry Management, in foundation material during cutting shall be a manner which will not internal fill used in foundation base fill of affect the ecological and forebay pool and landscaping balance. In case such a landscaping, works (pool surroundings, storage area could not be in total road, art works etc.). found, necessary =4,000 permissions shall be Penstock Total=5.000 Total=1,250 Some of the excavated acquired from Anamur material shall be used in banks Municipality, which is the which shall be constructed on nearest municipality, and left and right sides of the the disposal shall be channel to prevent surface realized by taking it to the water from entering penstock. excavated material Power House Total=24.250 Total=3,000 Some of the excavated dumping area of the material shall be used in mentioned municipality. landscaping works. Continued on the next page Otluca 2 HEPP PROJECT The Unit for Amount of Amount of Places where the excavated Disposal Method for the which Excavation Filling material shall be used Excess Excavated Excavation is pertaining to material material performed the Unit (m3) pertaining to the Unit (m3)

44 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Weir Total Upstream It shall be used in the filling In gross total, 151.960 m3 (including cofferdam=1 and reinforcement located on excavated material shall water intake 3,000, right and left banks of the be obtained and 37.550 structure, reinforcemen brook, upstream and m3 fill material shall be sedimentation t=5,000, downstream the weir. Also, required. Fill needs shall pool, water intake water intake structure and a be met from the redirection and portion of the sedimentation excavated material. tunnel, gravel sedimentatio pool, which shall be positioned However, if the remaining pass) = 32.750 n pool on inclined land, shall be excavated material filling=5,250 positioned on the compacted (114.410 m3) is suitable and fill which is made after cutting. for concrete production landscaping That is to say, some portion of purposes, it shall be given =4,000 the excavated material during to the enterprise from TOTAL=27,2 cutting shall be used in which the concrete shall 50 foundation base fill of be procured and this sedimentation pool, spillway material shall be and water intake structure. processed in this Conveyance Total in In delivery Some portion of the excavated enterprise’s crushing- Structure conveyance channel material shall be used in sifting facilities. If it is not tunnel and surroundings access bank which shall be suitable for such delivery filling=3.500 constructed on the left side of purposes, since the channel the direction of channel project site is out of construction = towards forebay pool and it adjacent area boundaries, 35.410 shall also used as after receiving necessary maintenance road in operation storage permits, it shall be phase. (see Appendix-11 stored in an area Sheet-17) instructed by Anamur Forebay pool Total=26.200 Forebay pool Some portion of the excavated Forestry Management, in foundation material during cutting shall be a manner which will not internal fill used in foundation base fill of affect the ecological and forebay pool and landscaping balance. In case such a landscaping, works (pool surroundings, storage area could not be in total road, art works etc.). found, necessary =1,300 permissions shall be Penstock Total=19.800 Total=500 Some of the excavated acquired from Anamur material shall be used in banks Municipality, which is the which shall be constructed on nearest municipality, and left and right sides of the the disposal shall be channel to prevent surface realized by taking it to the water from entering penstock. excavated material Power House Total=37.800 Total=5,000 Some of the excavated dumping area of the material shall be used in mentioned municipality. landscaping works. Continued on the next page BOGUNTU HEPP PROJECT The Unit for Amount of Amount of Places where the excavated Disposal Method for the which Excavation Filling material shall be used Excess Excavated Excavation is pertaining to material material performed the Unit (m3) pertaining to the Unit (m3)

45 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

Weir Total Upstream It shall be used in the filling In gross total, 123.500 m3 (including cofferdam=2, and reinforcement located on excavated material shall water intake 000, right and left banks of the be obtained and 11.100 structure, reinforcemen brook, upstream and m3 fill material shall be sedimentation t=1,000, downstream the weir. Also, required. Fill needs shall pool, water intake water intake structure and a be met from the redirection and portion of the sedimentation excavated material. tunnel, gravel sedimentatio pool, which shall be positioned However, if the remaining pass) = 13.800 n pool on inclined land, shall be excavated material filling=1,000 positioned on the compacted (112.400 m3) is suitable and fill which is made after cutting. for concrete production landscaping That is to say, some portion of purposes, it shall be given =2,000 the excavated material during to the enterprise from TOTAL=6,00 cutting shall be used in which the concrete shall 0 foundation base fill of be procured and this sedimentation pool, spillway material shall be and water intake structure. processed in this Conveyance Total in In delivery Some portion of the excavated enterprise’s crushing- Structure conveyance channel material shall be used in sifting facilities. If it is not tunnel and surroundings access bank which shall be suitable for such delivery filling=500 constructed on the left side of purposes, since the channel the direction of channel project site is out of construction = towards forebay pool and it adjacent area boundaries, 10.800 shall also used as after receiving necessary maintenance road in operation storage permits, it shall be phase. (see Appendix-12 stored in an area Sheet-18) instructed by Anamur Forebay pool Total=27.900 Forebay pool Some portion of the excavated Forestry Management, in foundation material during cutting shall be a manner which will not internal fill used in foundation base fill of affect the ecological and forebay pool and landscaping balance. In case such a landscaping, works (pool surroundings, storage area could not be in total road, art works etc.). found, necessary =1,100 permissions shall be Penstock Total=34.800 Total=500 Some of the excavated acquired from Anamur material shall be used in banks Municipality, which is the which shall be constructed on nearest municipality, and left and right sides of the the disposal shall be channel to prevent surface realized by taking it to the water from entering penstock. excavated material Power House Total=36.200 Total=3,000 Some of the excavated dumping area of the material shall be used in mentioned municipality. landscaping works. Note: Excavation amounts are extracted from the functional projects presented in the appendices.

During excavation works, it is planned to use bulldozer, track loader and wheel loader, excavator (including the one with crusher mouth), grader, road roller, dumper truck, air compressor, portable generator, drainage pump and pipe, mobile illuminator etc.

As it is indicated above in the table, in the scope of this project, some portion (the amount required for filling) of the excavated material obtained from the excavations performed shall be used in foundation base filling, leveling, embankment, landscaping, art works filling etc. construction works. If the remaining excavated material is suitable for

46 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE concrete production purposes, it shall be given to the enterprise from which the concrete shall be procured and this material shall be processed in this enterprise’s crushing-sifting facilities. If it is not suitable for such purposes, since the project site is out of adjacent area boundaries, after receiving necessary storage permits, it shall be stored in an area instructed by Anamur Forestry Management, in a manner which will not affect the ecological balance. In case such a storage area could not be found, necessary permissions shall be acquired from Anamur Municipality, which is the nearest municipality, and the disposal shall be realized by taking it to the excavated material dumping area of the mentioned municipality.

NOISE

In the land preparation and construction works of the project (excavation, filling etc.); there shall be noise caused by the machinery and equipments used in weir (water intake structure), conveyance structure (tunnel and channel), forebay pool, penstock and hydroelectrical power house and vibration (land movements) caused by blasting works carried out in tunnel works.

Acoustic Report, which covers all calculations and assessments relevant to possible noises and vibrations during land preparations and construction phases in the scope of the project, has been prepared according to “Assessment of Peripheral Noise” and it is presented in appendices (See Appendix-26). Furthermore, existing noise levels were detected in all units and nearest residential areas and they are appended to Acoustic Report as Noise Measurement Results (See Appendix-26).

AFFECTS ON AIR QUALITY

DUST EMISSION

Land Preparation and Construction Phase

During excavation, filling material transportation and similar works in weir, delivery channel, forebay pool, penstock and power house which are undertaken in the scope of land preparation and construction works, it is possible to have dust emission. These possible dust emissions have been calculated by using emission factors (Cowherd C., Development of Emission Factors for Fugitive Dust Sources, EPA, 1974) and the results are assessed in the framework of “Regulation on Controlling Air Pollution Caused by Industrial Facilities”.

47 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

The emission factor used in the calculations includes all components of excavations performed on unit area in field works such as excavation, filling, loading, emptying, transportation and storage. It is estimated that construction works shall be completed in 2 years.

The areas where excavation works shall be carried out in the scope of the project:

Project Units Otluca 1 HEPP Otluca 2 HEPP Boguntu HEPP TOTAL Weir 8,400m2 9,100m2 3,600m2 21,200m2 Conveyance Structure 8,700m2 8,800m2 2,400m2 19.900m2 (Channel) Forebay Pool 2,300m2 2,000m2 900m2 5,200m2 Penstock 2,000m2 750m2 2,100m2 4,850m2 Power House 3,300m2 2,200m2 1,100m2 6,600m2 TOTAL 24,700m2 22,850m2 10,100m2 57,650m2

It is planned that the excavation works shall be completed in 24 months by working 10 hours a day. In calculations the material density is assumed to be 1.60 ton/m3 and all calculations are given below:

E (Emission factor) = 9.0 g/m2-day

Daily Excavation = 57,670 m2 / 24 months/25 days

96,08 m2/day

Amount of Dust Formed During the Execution of Works

9,0 g/m2-day x 96.08 m2/day x (1 day/10 hours) 0,086 kg/hour

During the execution of works in the field, dust emission will be caused, especially, by the motion of construction machines and trucks. In order to determine these emissions the emission factors given in “Emission Factor Documentation (1998, EPA)” are used. Since the worst conditions are considered in calculations, it is assumed that all of the material is

48 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE transported to the furthest possible point in the project field. Accordingly, when it is assumed that the material is transported to a place which is 4.500 m away, in every trip a truck will travel a total distance of 9 kms.

The following formula (Emission Factor Documentation, EPA, 1998) is used in calculating the emission factor:

E = 0,733 x (K/12)0.8 x (A/3)0.4 / (N/0.2)0.3

E : Emission factor (kg/km)

K : Sand ratio (5 %)

A : Total weight (30 tons (depart) – 10 tons (return))

N : Road surface humidity ratio (20 %)

Total Amount of Excavation Material:

Annual Production 426,460 m3/year Monthly Production 17,769.2 m3/month Daily Production 710.768 m3/day Per Hour Production 71.077 m3/hour Number of Shifts 1 Work Hours 10 hour/day Work Periods 300 day/year 25 day/month

71.077 m3/hour x 1,60 ton m3 = 113.72 ton/hour (6 trips)

Accordingly, emission factors for depart and return:

E (depart) = 0.733 x (5/12)0.8 x (30/3)0.4 / (20/0.2)0.3 = 0.230 kg/km Emission(depart) = 0.230 kg/km x 4.50 km/trip x 6 trip/hour = 6.21 kg/hour E (return) = 0.733 x (5/12)0.8 x (10/3)0.4 / (20/0.2)0.3 = 0.148 kg/km

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Emission(depart) = 0.148 kg/km x 4.50 km/trip x 6 trip/hour = 3.996 kg/hour Total Emission Amount = (0.086 kg/hour) + (6.21 kg/hour) + (3.996 kg/hour) 10.292 kg/hour

As it is mentioned in Article -7 of “Regulation on Controlling Air Pollution Caused by Industrial Facilities” (RCAPCIF) which came into force after being published in 22.07.2006 dated and 26236 numbered Official Gazette, in case the polluting mass discharges given in Appendix-2 Table 2.1 are exceed, in the effect area of the facility, with the purpose of measuring the air pollution and the polluting characteristics of the facility in the framework of the principles outlined in Appendix-2, “Calculation of Air Pollution Contribution Figure” is required to be calculated by using an internationally recognized distribution model.

Since the total figure that is calculated for the dust emission induced throughout the entire project is 10.292 kg/hour, air quality modeling is performed to detect the air quality contribution figures.

According to this, in order to determine the effects of dust emissions induced by the processes in the operation field on the air quality and the atmospheric distribution profile thereof, “Air Pollution Contribution Figures” have been calculated by using ISCST3 (Industrial Source Complex – Short Term 3) Model developed by USA EPA and approved by the same organization to be used in EEA studies in USA. ISCST3 Model is internationally recognized and used by many researchers, supervision and authorization bodies all around the world to estimate the atmospheric distribution of gas and dust emissions and its foundation is composed of Gaussian Distribution. With this model, various emission sources (point, field, line and volume) can be modeled simultaneously and individually.

The model results have been compared with the long term and short term limit figures indicated in RCAP (Regulation on Controlling Air Pollution). In RCAP, long term limit (LTL) figure is defined to be the figure that shall not be exceeded by the arithmetical average of all measurement results in any measurement location. Short term limit figure (STL), on the other hand, is defined to be the figure that shall not be exceeded by the maximum daily average or 95 % of the measurement results, when the measurements results are listed in descending order.

For the dust emissions in these modeling studies, LTL and STL figures given in RCAP Article 6 are presented in Table 1.c.4 and the limit figures indicated for general areas are taken as basis.

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Table 1.c.4. Limit Figures indicated in RCAP Article-6

Parameter LTL (ug/m3) STL (ug/m3) Particle Substance (PS) 150 300

Furthermore, considering the dominant wind direction from the facility where filling, separation, sifting, transportation, crushing, milling processes are undertaken, it is indicated that the dust density (PS) of the substances having 1mm diameter<5mm grain size inside the emission limits shall not exceed 3.000 ug/Nm3.

In modeling studies, distribution profile of the possible dust emissions caused by the facility under existing meteorological and topographical conditions. Modeling studies, as indicated in RCAPCIF, have been undertaken in a 7km x 10 km area which spans the operation field and the effect field. Possible pollution levels have been examined in this area and the results have been calculated in terms of ground level polluting material concentrations (ug/m3).

ISCST3 MODEL INPUTS

Model is run by considering the worst case scenario and by assuming the conditions where there is no change in the concentrations of the polluting substances due to wet or dry sedimentations and assuming that the polluting substances disperse without undergoing any nuclear disintegration or transforming into sub-products.

With the undertaken modeling study, 24-hour and annual average YSKs of polluting substance have been determined and these values have been compared with the long and short term limit values given in RCAP. As a result of these comparisons, the effects of the dust emissions, which will be released into the atmosphere, on the air quality have been determined.

Three types of data sets are used to run ISCST3 model. These are;

• Emission data,

• Receiving media network (topographic information), and

• Meteorological data.

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Emission Data Used In Modeling:

In modeling studies, maximum dust emission values which are likely to occur in project site have been used and the dust emissions caused by the operations during the land preparation and construction phases and the fact that the road used for transportation is a stabilized road have been evaluated.

There shall be dust emissions formed by the land preparation works and the stabilized road used during land preparation. The longest stabilized road located in the project site is 4,5 km long road which leads to Otluca 1 Weir. Considering that both of the emission values (weir land preparation, construction and transportation etc.) calculated in this section shall constitute a sample for the others, they have been used as emission source in modeling studies. As it is observed in general layout plan all units are away from each other and due to topographical conditions they are not under peripheral effect of one another. Therefore, the busiest work location has been selected. The asphalt section is not reflected on modeling studies. In modeling, PS emission amounts of the vehicles that shall operate on the stabilized road used in the project site and the dust emission amounts that are likely to occur during land preparation phase (weir) have been used.

The traffic load of the stabilized road is determined to be 10 automobiles (gasoline and diesel fuel) and 30 trucks (diesel fuel) and the PS emission amount caused by these vehicles is calculated to be 5,94 * 10-4 g/sec. Assuming that the dust emission caused by the vehicles is induced over a 4.5 km long and 9 m wide stabilized road, air quality modeling has been performed. The amount of the dust emission caused by land works is calculated to be 2,86 g/sec and these data have been used in modeling, assuming that this emission forms in a 7 km x 10 km project site.

Since the dust emitted during the explosion is not continuous, its effects on the air quality shall be instantaneous. Particle substance dimensions released into the atmosphere with explosion shall be significantly larger than the dimensions of particle substances formed during other works. Consequently, some portion of the particle substances formed by explosion shall settle down and atmospheric carriage shall have a lower degree. Furthermore, due to the fact that the explosion shall take place in the tunnel, it is anticipated that its effects on the air quality shall be minimal.

Meteorological Data used in Modeling:

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An application has been lodge to General Directorate of State Meteorological Works for the procurement of meteorological data required for the modeling and the closest climate station to the area under consideration is determined to be “Anamur Meteorology Station”. Averages of long years have been examined to acquire information about the general meteorological conditions and meteorological data pertaining to 2004 have been selected for use as they are up-to-date and represent the characteristic conditions of the region. For use in modeling studies temperature, wind direction, wind speed, cloudiness and cloud base height data have been acquired.

Hour-based ground level atmospherical information (temperature, wind direction and wind speed) can be acquired from Anamur Meteorology Station. However, high atmospheric observations in which mixture heights are calculated, are performed in seven provinces of Turkey (Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir, Isparta, Samsun, Adana and Diyarbakir) and Anamur is not included among these provinces. Consequently, in order to reflect the characteristic Mediterranean meteorological conditions in Anamur District the mixture height information pertaining to Adana Meteorology Station has been acquired for further use in modeling.

ISCST3 model accepts wind speed and direction, temperature, stability class, rural and urban mixture height data in an hourly-basis. For this reason, some modifications are needed before the data can be used in the model. At this stage, a pre-processor PCRAMMET Software which arranges the data so that they can be used in ISCST3 has been utilized. Using hourly temperature, wind direction, wind speed, cloudiness and cloud base height data PCRAMMET calculates hourly stability classes, rural and urban mixture heights. With the help of this software, meteorology file which can be supplied as an input to the model has been formed.

Topographical Data used in Modeling:

Modeling studies have been performed in a 7 km x 10 km effect area. A grid system has been formed inside the effect area of the facility and the edge lengths of the squares have been marked to be 500 m. Corners of the squares in the grid system have been defined as receiving media and the topographical altitudes at these points have been determined. The effect are of the facility has been digitized and used as data in the model.

Modeling Results:

53 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE average polluting substance YSK values have been determined in terms of ug/m3 and ISCST3 model outputs are presented in the appendices (See Appendix-27).

For the particle substance (PS) emissions which might be caused by land preparation and construction works (Otluca 1 Weir and transportation etc.) 24-hour and annual average YSK values are presented in Table 1.c.5. Equal-concentration curves pertaining to 24-hour average and annual average YSK values have been formed for PS and the results are shown for an effect area of 7 km x 10 km (See Appendix-27).

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Table 1.c.5 Possible Maximum YSK Values and RCAP Standards

Maximum YSK Value HKKY Standards* Parameter Average Period (ug/m3) (ug/m3) 24 hour 2.3 300 PS Annual 1.6 150 * Air quality limit values for general regions indicated in RCAP Article 6

24 hour maximum average PS YSK value is calculated as 2.3 ug/m3 and it is observed that this maximum concentration level occurs at the point with coordinates 480500x4016000. Although this point is very distant to the operation area, this is due to topographic structure of the project area. It is observed that 24 hour maximum YSK value is far below LTS value (300 ug/m3) and complies with the standards. The 24-hour limit value indicated in RCAP Article 6 (300 ug/m3) is not exceeded at any of 315 total points located on the receiving media network.

According to modeling results, the points where maximum PS emission values shall be reached are inside the construction operation area and they do not have any effect on the surrounding residential area.

Annual average PS load that is likely to be caused by the facility is 1.6 ug/m3 and this concentration level is also reached at the point with coordinates 480500x4016000. It is observed that annual maximum YSK value is far below LTS value (150 ug/m3) and complies with the standards.

On the other hand, when the sizes of the particle substances formed during excavation works are also taken into account, a large portion of the particle substance emissions shall be constituted by substances that are larger than 10 um and majority of these particles shall settle in the operation area and the remaining portion shall be suspended in the air and dispersed with the effect of the wind. Consequently, emission values that are lower than the YSK values estimated with the modeling studies shall occur.

Furthermore, the values obtained as a result of the modeling are far less than the value, 3.000 ug/Nm3, defined for the facilities where operations such as filling, separation, sifting, transportation etc. are undertaken in Appendix-1 Principles and Limit Values For Facilities that are Subject to Emission Permit of “Regulation on Controlling Air Pollution Caused by Industrial Facilities” (RCAPCIF) which came into force after being published in 22.07.2006 dated and 26236 numbered Official Gazette.

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As a result, when Air Quality Effect Figures obtained by using ISCST3 Model are examined, it is anticipated that the emissions that are likely to be caused by the facility shall not bring a significant burden on the existing air quality and therefore, the facility shall not constitute a threat from human and environment health perspective.

In order to keep the dusting that may occur in the field as low as possible, the principles of meeting air quality standards pertaining to dusty stack material stored outdoors which are indicated in “Emission Limits for Facilities that are subject to Permit” appendix (Appendix-1) of Regulation on Controlling Air Pollution Caused by Industrial Facilities shall be followed.

In this respect, some precautions shall be taken such as watering at the emission source, filling and emptying without spinning, covering the top of the vehicles with canvas and keeping the upper portion of the material at 10 % humidity. Moreover, all the roads used during the entire operation period shall be moistened with the street sprinkler and thus the forming of the dust shall be minimized.

Operation phase

In operation phase of the project, there is no operation that has any effect on the air quality. Furthermore, since the water which is in the scope of the project shall be taken with a redirection structure, forming of a dam lake shall be out of question. Consequently, there shall be no change on the climate conditions of the region.

d) Accident Risk that may be caused by the Technology and the Materials Employed

Due to the following items during the land preparation and construction works in all units of the project;

- undertaken excavation works (tunnel, canalization, digging the foundation of facility buildings etc.),

- laying and compaction of the filling material that is formed as a result of the excavation works,

- construction of all units (weir, delivery channel, forebay pool, penstock, power house, etc.) and auxiliary facilities,

56 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE

- inclined nature of the roads leading to the area,

- the employed vehicles, machinery and equipment,

accident risks exist.

During the land preparation and construction phases of the project, occurrence of accidents shall be prevented by taking the all necessary precautions regarding the following issues;

9 All kinds of safety precautions technically stipulated by the regulations,

- Occupational health and occupational safety training to the personnel,

- Placement of direction signs and warning plate signs,

- Provision of personal protection tools and accessories (cloth, mask, ear-plug etc.) to the employees

9 Control of all entrances and exits to/from the facility,

- Employing security personnel,

- Placement of danger, notification and warning panels,

9 Utilization of well-maintained machinery and equipment,

9 Keeping the roads open and prevention of icing in winter months.

In this issue, it shall be ensured that construction works are executed in compliance with the verdicts of “Regulation on Health and Safety in Construction Works” which includes the minimum health and safety requirement that should be taken in, especially, construction work places, and issued by Ministry of Work and Social Security and came into force after being published in 23 December 2003 dated and 25325 numbered Official Gazette.

All works shall be carried out by fulfilling the below-given conditions that are mentioned in this regulation and required to be followed in open space work places.

Stability and Strength

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Mobile or fixed work places that are located at low or high levels shall have sufficient stability and strength, considering;

- the number of the workers,

- maximum possible weight on them and the distribution of it,

- external factors that they might be subjected to.

If these work places do not have the sufficient strength due to the bearing structures and the structure of other portions, in order to prevent the timeless or self-induced movement of the whole or some portion of the work place, the strength of them shall be ensured with suitable and reliable fixing methods.

Stability and strength of the work places shall be controlled in a suitable fashion, especially, when there is a change in the height or depth of the work place.

Power Distribution Facilities

Power distribution facilities in the construction area, especially the ones which are subject to external effects, shall be checked and maintained on a regular basis.

If electrical overhead lines pass through the construction area, if possible, these lines shall be removed from the construction area by changing their routes or the voltage of the line shall be interrupted. If this is not possible, the vehicles and the facilities shall be kept away from the electrical lines with barriers or warning signs. In case the passage of vehicles below the lines is inevitable, suitable precautions shall be taken and necessary warnings shall be made.

Weather Conditions

Workers shall be protected from weather conditions which may affect their health and safety.

Falling Objects

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When it is technically possible, the workers shall be protected against falling objects as a whole. Materials and equipments shall be stacked or stored so that no collapse or falling shall occur. Where necessary, dangerous entrances shall be prevented or closed passages shall be built.

Falling from a Height

Falling form a height ,especially at sufficient heights, shall be prevented with strong banisters or any other method which ensures the same protection. Bannister shall have, at least, one handrail, a mid-banister at medium level and skirting at its base. Working at heights shall only be performed with suitable equipments or by using mass protection tools such as banisters, platforms and safety nets. In cases where it is not possible to implement mass protection precautions due to the nature of the work, suitable vehicles shall be acquired to access the work place and at the work place body-type safety belt or similar safety methods shall be used.

Scaffold and Portable Ladders

All scaffolds shall be designed and made so that they will not move or collapse in a self-induced manner and they shall be well-maintained. Working platforms, passages and scaffold platforms shall be made, sized, used and kept to protect people from falling and falling objects.

Scaffolds shall be checked by an expert;

(a) Before their initial use,

(b) Following the initial check, in predetermined intervals,

(c) When there a change is made on them, when they are not used for a certain period of time, when they are subjected to bad weather conditions or seismic vibrations or any other conditions that may affect their stability and strength.

Ladders shall have sufficient strength and they shall be maintained and kept in a suitable manner. These shall be used in appropriate places, in compliance with their intended uses. Necessary precautions shall be taken to ensure that portable ladders do not move by themselves.

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Lifting tools

All lifting tools and all their auxiliary parts, including the connections, fixing and support components,

(a) Shall be designed and manufactured to suit the intended use and to have the required strength,

(b) Shall be installed and used in a proper manner,

(d) In accordance with the legislation in force, shall be checked, tested and experimented periodically,

(e) Shall be used by qualified persons who received training on this subject.

Maximum load values shall be written on lifting tools and their auxiliary parts in a clear and visible manner. Lifting tools and accessories shall not be used for any purpose other than their intended use.

Excavation and material transportation tools and machines

All excavation and material transportation tools and machines,

(a) Shall be in a good operable state,

(b) Shall be used in a proper manner.

Drivers and operators of machines and vehicles used in excavation and material transportation works shall be specially trained. Necessary precautions shall be taken to prevent machines and vehicles used in excavation and material transportation works from falling into excavation pit or water.

Facility, machine, equipment

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Facility, machine and equipment that operates with any kind of power, including the mechanical hand tools;

(a) Shall be designed and manufactured considering the principles of ergonomics as much as possible,

(b) Shall be in good operable state,

(d) Shall be used by personnel who received relevant training.

Excavation works, tunnel and channel works

In excavation works, tunnel and channel works;

(a) Suitable supports and sets shall be used,

(b) Necessary precautions against material or object fall or flooding and falling of people shall be taken,

(c) In order to provide breathable air which is not dangerous or hazardous for health, sufficient ventilation shall be constructed in all work places,

(d) In case of fire, flooding or landslide it shall be ensured that workers are transported to a safe location.

Safe roads shall be provided for entrance and exit of the excavation site. Soil and material stacks and mobile vehicles shall be kept away from the excavation site and, if necessary, suitable barriers shall be placed. In addition to these, the vehicles moving inside the site in the scope of the project constitute a danger for human health and accident risk. In order to minimize the accident risks, the maintenance of the vehicles operating in the project site shall be done periodically, all kinds of peripheral safety shall be applied in the site and necessary warning signs shall be erected.

Explosive material which shall be bought to be used in tunnel and, if necessary, in excavation works included in the scope of the project; receipt, transportation, distribution, redemption and storage of the explosive shall be carried out by personnel, who are purposefully trained for this task and authorized by the technical supervisor, in compliance with verdicts of related legislation. Filling, compaction, cleaning of the capsule wires, binding and firing shall be performed by the blaster who has qualification certificate and is authorized by the technical visitor. Very tight compaction shall be performed in the holes where explosives are placed and the holes shall be covered to prevent the particle spinning risk.

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In order to prevent stones or rocks dispersing in the environment upon blasting (outside the tunnel), first blasts shall be performed by boring 1 or 2 holes and using minimum amount of explosives and thus the reaction of the rock to the explosion shall be determined and blasting design which will prevent rock dispersal shall be attained.

Furthermore, the most suitable blasting organization shall be done to supervise the stone dispersals and by performing overlay blasting it shall be ensured that rocks screen each other.

Use, protection, transportation issues pertaining to explosive materials shall be performed in compliance with the 87/12028 resolution numbered charter which is related to “Production, import, transportation, possession, storage, sale, use, disposal, supervision methods and principles for Explosives excluded from the monopoly, hunting equipment and the like”, which is published in 29 September 1987 dated and 19589 numbered Official Gazette.

Metal or concrete carcass, form panels and heavy prefabricated components

Metal or concrete carcass and their accessories, form panels, prefabricated components or temporary supports or props shall only be installed or dismantled under the supervision of an expert person. Sufficient precautions shall be taken to ensure that workers are protected from risks caused by temporary instability and fragility of the structure. Form panels, temporary support and props shall be planned, designed, installed and protected so that they shall bear the load and resistance applied on them.

Working on the roof

In case the height or the inclination exceeds the specified values, mass protective precautions shall be taken to prevent the fall of workers, tools, other objects or materials as

62 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE well as any other risk. In cases where the workers are obliged to work on the roof or on the edge of it or on a surface made up of fragile material; precautions shall be taken to prevent them from walking carelessly on the surface made up of fragile material or falling on the ground.

In short, in both construction and operation phases, all necessary precautions shall be taken. At all phases of the project, verdicts of 4857 numbered Labor Law and all regulation and charter issued or will be issued in accordance with it shall be followed and necessary precautions shall be taken to minimize all possible accidents and risks.

e) Precautions which Shall Be Taken Against Possible Environmental Effects Of The Project

In the scope of Otluca HEPP project;

¾ Otluca 1 Weir and HEPP Project on Anamur Creek (Sugozu),

¾ Otluca 2 Weir and HEPP Project on Anamur Creek (Sugozu),

¾ Boguntu Weir and HEPP Project on Boguntu Brook which flow into Anamur Creek,

are planned and on average 223.50 GWh total annual energy generation will be achieved with total 47.7 MW installed power, and this will contribute to the national development.

The facilities that shall be constructed for all three projects (Otluca 1 HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP) in the scope of the project are weir (redirection structure), conveyance structure (tunnel and channel), forebay pool, penstock and power house. The precautions which shall be taken against the environmental effects caused by the implementation of the planned facilities are briefly described below.

63 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE current value that is required for sustaining the habitats of aquatic organisms shall be fed to the bed as life line. Moreover, for drinking water needs of Anamur District and possible small irrigations (GDRS) water shall be released downstream. Accordingly, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Otluca 1 and Otluca 2 weir a total of 0.8 m3/sec(2), 0.5 m3/sec which is dedicated for the drinking water needs of Anamur District, 0.3 m3/sec for downstream water needs (for sustaining the natural life) and GDRS irrigation, is considered. On the other hand, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Boguntu weir it is found suitable that 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed. As a result, in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed, at least 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream from every weir of the project.

In addition to this, since Otluca 2 weir is downstream of other weirs, a fish passage shall be constructed to permit their passage upstream. However, the construction of a fish passage is not technically allowed due to the fact that Otluca 1 and Boguntu weirs are located upstream, the height of the weir, topography’s deep and inclined nature in the brook bed, no construction of a fish passage is proposed.

There is no infrastructure in the project site, except for the village roads. During the realization phase of the project, on the contrary, these roads shall be improved.

64 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE be performed in the material areas, the geological structure will be slightly remolded and there shall be minor changes in the topography of the land.

Precautions that shall be taken in the scope of the project against environmental effects regarding wastewater, solid waste disposal, excavation, noise and air pollution as well as the effect of the project on landscaping and flora-fauna are described in detail, below.

Wastewater

Drinking and utility water for the entire personnel working in land preparation, construction phase of the project:

1- In temporary construction sites, shall be procured by taking water from Dibek Neighborhood Drinking and utility water network as well as fountains and surface waters with tankers.

2- For the administrative and technical personnel who are planned to stay temporarily (during the construction period) in the existing building in Dibek Neighborhood shall be procured from Dibek Neighborhood Drinking and utility water network.

Wastewater caused by the personnel working in construction works in the installed construction sites which has domestic quality shall be kept in a sealed cesspool constructed in every construction site, when the cesspool is full, wastewater shall be disposed of by sewage truck of Anamur Municipality and the relevant cost shall be paid to the municipality. Wastewater having domestic quality which is caused by the administrative and technical personnel using the existing structure in Dibek neighborhood shall be given to existing (pertaining to the School and the Lodgment) sealed cesspool. When the cesspool is full, it shall be disposed of by sewage truck of Anamur Municipality and the relevant cost shall be paid to the municipality. In order to prevent dusting in the construction region and the rural roads used, moistening with street sprinkler shall be realized. Since the water shall remain in the soil after moistening, there shall be no wastewater.

In the operation phase of the project wastewater with domestic quality will be produced by the employed personnel and the forming wastewater shall be given to the cesspool constructed in power plant and weir buildings. When the cesspool is full, it shall be disposed of by sewage truck of Anamur Municipality and the relevant cost shall be paid to the municipality.

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For all kinds of water discharged in the scope of the project to Sugozu and Boguntu Brooks as well as Anamur Creek, receiving environment values and wastewater discharge criteria outlined in “Water Contamination Control Regulation” which came into force after being published in 31 December 2004 dated and 25687 numbered Official Gazette and 20th Article of 1380 numbered Water Products Law and Regulation as well as Appendix 5 and Appendix 6 thereof, shall be complied with.

Solid Waste

Land Preparation and Construction Phase

Waste Oil:

Hazardous Waste, Medical Waste, Used Batteries and Accumulators

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Operation Phase

Solid waste with domestic quality which is produced by the personnel employed in the operation phase of the project, shall be kept in bins with closing-lids which are placed in various locations in the project site (weir and power plant locations). These solid wastes accumulating in containers shall be periodically taken by Anamur Municipality and disposed of in municipality’s solid waste dumping area.

As a result;

The employees shall be warned that it is prohibited to dump the solid waste produced in all phases of the project (food waste, packaging paper, plastic bottle, glass, iron, bottle etc.) to seas, lakes and similar receiving media, streets, according to Article 18 of 14.031991 dated and 20814 numbered “Regulation on Solid Waste Control” and throughout the project, this prohibition as well as all verdicts of `“Regulation on Solid Waste Control” shall be followed.

Excavation

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As it is indicated above in Table 1.c.3, in the scope of this project, some portion (the amount required for filling) of the excavated material obtained from the excavations performed shall be used in foundation base filling, leveling, embankment, landscaping, art works filling etc. construction works. If the remaining excavated material is suitable for concrete production purposes, it shall be given to the enterprise from which the concrete shall be procured and this material shall be processed in this enterprise’s crushing-sifting facilities. If it is not suitable for such purposes, since the project site is out of adjacent area boundaries, after receiving necessary storage permits, it shall be stored in an area instructed by Anamur Forestry Management, in a manner which will not affect the ecological balance. In case such a storage area could not be found, necessary permissions shall be acquired from Anamur Municipality, which is the nearest municipality, and the disposal shall be realized by taking it to the excavated material dumping area of the mentioned municipality.

Otluca 1 redirection tunnel and Otluca 1 HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP conveyance tunnels shall be opened with under-ground blasting. During tunnel blasts, a small amount of dust and noise shall occur only at the tunnel’s entrance. As for the blasts in the tunnel, the forming dust shall settle down in the tunnel before dispersing into the environment. Consequently, small blasts inside the tunnels are not included in dust emission calculations. Since the redirection and conveyance tunnels are small-scaled small scaled blasts shall be used. Therefore, the vibration of the earth shall be very small. Due to the fact that generally in tunnel blasts, holes with small diameters are used and the charge amount is small, large delay intervals are selected. The purpose of this is to give necessary time to each sequence and ensure that each sequence is blasted in the holes obtained. Having large delay intervals will result in smaller earth vibrations.

All peripheral precautions shall be taken during blasting, necessary signs shall be hung all around the site and a siren shall be used as a notification before the actual blasting takes place. For the materials which have hazardous, flammable and explosive qualities, the charter titled “Precautions that should be taken in Work places and works where Flammable, Explosive, Dangerous and hazardous Materials are used” shall be followed. Furthermore only required amount of explosives shall be procured for the blasting operations in the tunnels and explosives shall not be stored. Regarding the use of explosives the verdicts of “Production, import, transportation, possession, storage, sale, use, disposal, supervision methods and principles for Explosives excluded from the monopoly, hunting equipment and the like”, which is published in 29 September 1987 dated and 19589 numbered Official Gazette shall be followed.

Furthermore, during all these excavation works the verdicts of “Regulation on Excavated Soil, Construction and Demolition Waste Control”, which came into force after being published in 18.03.2004 dated and 25406 numbered Official Gazette, shall be followed.

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Noise

The peripheral noise level caused by the construction site and the maximum acceptable noise levels related to prevention of noise have been given in “Regulation on Peripheral Noise Evaluation and Control (2002/49/EC)”, which came into force after being published in 01.07.2005 dated and 25862 numbered Official Gazette, are presented in Acoustic Report (See Appendix-26) Table B.11.

Acoustic report, when the noise levels given in Table B.2, Table B.4, Table B.6, Table B.8 and Table B.10 are compared with the regulation values given in Table B.11, it is observed that 200 m after the weir, 150 m after the delivery channel and forebay pool, 70 m after the penstock and power plant site, 70 dBA limit indicated in Article 26 of “Regulation on Peripheral Noise Evaluation and Control (2002/49/EC)”, which came into force after being published in 01.07.2005 dated and 25862 numbered Official Gazette, is not exceeded.

When all machines are working in the noise source, it is predicted that it shall be in;

Dibek Neighborhood (1.000 m) – 43.99 dB (due to Otluca 1 Forebay Pool works),

Caltibuku Village (300 m) – 54.14 db (due to Power House works)

Which are the nearest residential areas. Therefore, during land preparation and construction works undertaken in the scope of the project, the noise level in the nearest residential areas shall be far less than the limit value stipulated by the regulation.

When solid rock is encountered during the removal of the material in tunnel construction, the rock shall be loosened with blasting. Therefore, there shall be vibration caused by blasting. In chapter D of Acoustic Report, necessary calculations regarding the blasting in the project site and the resulting vibration have been performed, when these figures are examined, since limit values are not exceeded in the residential areas close to the project site it is anticipated that there shall be no negative effect on humans and the buildings.

In the framework of Article 29 (b) paragraph of “Regulation on Peripheral Noise Evaluation and Control (2002/49/EC)” the vibrations caused by pile driving in constructions and similar vibration causing operations as well as heavy construction machines, considering that all operations shall be performed far away from residential areas, they shall not damage structures in their vicinity.

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Furthermore, since the land preparation works shall be performed in open field, it shall be very difficult to take noise precautions. During works, the noise shall vary throughout the day but performing works in day time (07.00-19.00) shall limit the noise generation.

Considering the requirements for highway vehicles outlined in 11th article of the mentioned regulation and the requirements for equipments used in open field outlined in 15th article of the mentioned regulation, in the scope of the project necessary precautions shall be taken to minimize the noise generation.

In addition to that, in the project field, issues mentioned in 26th article which is about the “noise criteria for construction sites” in the fourth chapter of “Regulation on Environmental Noise Evaluation and Control” shall be followed and vehicles which passed the examination, exhaust emission measurements and are serviced shall be used.

In order to protect the employees from the noise caused by the machines and equipments in construction phase, and when required, in compliance with the verdicts of “Regulation on Noise” which is issued according to 78th article of 4857 numbered Labor Law and came into force after being published in 23 December 2003 dated and 25325 numbered Official Gazette, in order to protect workers from health and safety risks, especially risks related to hearing, that are caused by their exposure to the noise, necessary precautions shall be taken. By supplying suitable protective tools and accessories such as helmet, ear protector, ear plugs to those who work in machines and equipments during construction phase, it shall be ensured that employees are not affected by the noise. Additionally, verdicts of “Occupational Health and Safety Regulation” which came into force after being published in 09 December 2003 dated and 25311 dated Official Gazette and regulates the precautions that shall be taken to improve health and safety conditions shall be followed during undertaken works.

In this way, the noise and vibrations caused by the machines and equipments during works shall be lowered to a level which does not affect the employees. Furthermore, by meeting with the values proposed by the regulations, the noise and vibrations emitted to the environment shall be kept at a minimum level.

Effects on Air Quality

70 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE measuring the air pollution and the polluting characteristics of the facility in the framework of the principles outlined in Appendix-2, “Calculation of Air Pollution Contribution Figure” is required to be calculated by using an internationally recognized distribution model.

With the purpose of calculating air pollution contribution figures of the planned weir and HEPP project, possible pollution load caused by the facility in the area has been estimated by using ISCST3 model. Inside the facility effect area; 24-hour and annual average polluting substance YSK values have been determined in terms of ug/m3 and ISCST3 model outputs are presented in the appendices (See Appendix-27).

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Article 6 (300 ug/m3) is not exceeded at any of 315 total points located on the receiving media network.

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Effects on landscaping and the relevant Precautions

There is no view or special landscaping area in the project field. As a result of the topography, some construction works will be visible from some residential areas. The preparation of the land for redirection structure, delivery channel, penstock and power house, their construction, the excavations that shall be performed in the material areas, the geological structure will be slightly remolded and there shall be minor changes in the topography of the land. Since formation of a significant lake in the weirs is out of question, there shall be no change in the natural look of the brook bed. Considering all of these, with the landscaping works performed around the units after construction works aesthetic look shall be reinstated.

Effects on Flora-fauna and The Precautions to be taken

The effects of the project on flora and fauna and the precautions reducing the effects are described in detail in section “b” of Chapter 2.

RESULT

Laws and regulations that shall be followed during the construction and operation period of the project are listed below:

• 2872 numbered Environment Law and 5491 numbered Law regarding the amendment on Environment Law

• 4857 numbered Labor Law

• 6831 numbered Forest Law

• Regulation on Environmental Noise Evaluation and Control

(came into force after being published in 01.07.2005 dated and 25862 numbered Official Gazette.)

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• Regulation on Solid Waste Management

(came into force after being published in 14.03.1191 dated and 20814 numbered Official Gazette.)

• Regulation on Excavation Soil, Construction and Demolition Waste Control

(came into force after being published in 18.03.2004 dated and 25406 numbered Official Gazette.)

• Regulation on Control of Air Pollution Caused by the Industrial Facilities

(came into force after being published in 22.07.2006 dated and 26236 numbered Official Gazette.)

• Regulation on Water Pollution Control

(came into force after being published in 31.12.2004 dated and 25687 numbered Official Gazette.)

• Regulation on Package and Package Wastes

(came into force after being published in 30.07.2004 dated and 25538 numbered Official Gazette.)

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CHAPTER 2 PROJECT LOCATION

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2. Project Location

a) Use and Quality of the Existing Land (Agricultural Land, Forested Land, Planned Land, Water Surface etc.)

Existing Land Use

Anamur, which is the southernmost point of Anatolia into the Mediterranean Sea, is surrounded by Bozyazi District in the east, by Gazipasa District of Antalya province in the west, by Ermenek District of Karaman Province in the north and by the Mediterranean Sea in the south and it has 1.241 km2 surface area. Anamur is a district which is rich in terms of forests in which Mediterranean and sub-tropical plants and fruits can be grown due to their micro-climate properties as well as caves and water streams.

The distance of the district central is 230 km to Mersin, 265 km to Antalya, 230 km to Karaman, 40 miles (76km) to Cyprus and it is founded on Mersin-Antalya state highway. Branches of the Middle Taurus Mountains that descend into Mediterranean sea pass through the land of the district. For this reason, the land is rugged and hilly. 5-10 km inside the shore, mountains having altitudes 500-1.000-1.500 meters can be encountered. Alamos, Kizildag, Naldoken mountains are located inside the district boundaries.

Icel province, Anamur District (approximately 25km), in which the basin is located, extends between the ridges of Taseli plateau that exceed 1800 m. Sultansuyu which is on the west of the valley where the District Center is located and Anamur Creek which is on the east of that valley are two major rivers of the district. Of these creeks Anamur creek, on which the project is implemented, appears in Sugozu as a limpid fountain formed by the water accumulated in Cukurpinar cave and it constitutes the main source of Anamur creek. Therefore, Anamur creek is born from Western Taurus Mountains and it is recharges by resources around Sugozu and proceeds in southwest direction. After its confluence with Kilic (Boguntu) Brook close to Dibek neighborhood, this creek gains Guney Brook upstream of Alakopru and flows into the Mediterranean Sea from the west of Anamur District.

In the scope of Otluca HEPP project:

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¾ Otluca 1 Weir and HEPP project on Anamur Creek (Sugozu)

Weir is located at 650 m to the southeast of Otluca Neighborhood, 5.5 km north of Dibek neighborhood and foothills of Ardicli ridge on the left bank. The access to the weir site is possible through the existing road which continues from Dibek neighborhood, along Sugozu Brook.

After the weir, firstly water shall be taken into energy tunnel and the length of first tunnel (Tunnel-1) is 3,891 m. After that, water shall be conveyed with a conveyance tunnel which has rectangular cross section, dimensions of which are 4.50 m x 3.45 dimensions and length of which is 482.94 m. After conveyance tunnel water shall flow through second conveyance tunnel (Tunnel-2) which is 2,196.52m long and the conveyance tunnel ends in Levekli ridge to the south of Dibek Neighborhood and after this point, it shall be transferred to forebay pool.

The forebay shall be constructed in Levekli ridge. The pool is located at a distance of approximately 1 km from Dibek Neighborhood. After forebay pool, it shall be descended with penstock to the power house on the right bank of Anamur Creek.

¾ Otluca 2 Weir and HEPP project on Anamur Creek (Sugozu)

The weir is located at a distance of 500 m to the upstream between Kiziltas Ridge on the right bank and Malaturagi Ridge on the left bank, 400 m before Kilic Brook confluence, 2 km to the south of Dibek Neighborhood.

Following the water intake structure and the sedimentation pool, at first the water shall pass through 403 m-long conveyance tunnel (tunnel-1), and after that in order 58.96 m long delivery channel (channel-1), 680 m long conveyance tunnel (tunnel-2) and 406.27 m-long delivery channel (channel-2) and finally taken into forebay pool. Conveyance structure descends towards the forebay pool between Kiziltas Ridge shore and Malaturagi ridge in a southward direction. Forebay ridge is located approximately 400 m north of Caltibuku Village. Water shall be descended from forebay pool to the power house on the right bank of Anamur Creek through 55 m-long penstock. The distance of the power house is 1 km to Dibek Neighborhood and 2.4 km to Caltibuku Village.

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¾ Boguntu Weir and HEPP Project on Boguntu Brook which flow into Anamur Creek

The weir is located 1.20 km upstream of Boguntu Brook’s confluence point to Sugozu (Anamur Creek) between the Kandil ridge on right bank and Burunustu ridge on the left bank. Weir’s location to Dibek neighborhood is 1.2 km.

Following the weir, water shall be taken into delivery channel and from delivery channel to conveyance tunnel and, finally, it shall be transferred to forebay pool. The delivery channel has a rectangular section, its dimensions are 3.00 m x 2.00 m and its length is 161.79 m. The internal diameter of the conveyance tunnel is 2.60 m and its length is 1379 m.

At the end of the conveyance tunnel the water is transferred to forebay pool at the foothills of Karakus Mount and then it shall be descended to the power house on the right bank of Anamur creek through an 81m-long penstock. The distance of the power house is 1 km to Dibek Neighborhood and 2.5 km to Caltibuku Village.

The settlement map of Anamur District, where the project is located, is given in Figure 2.a.1.

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Figure 2.a.1. Settlement Area of Anamur District

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The map showing the location of the planned project on Turkey is given in Appendix-1 (Sheet-01), General Settlement plan is shown on 1/25.000 scaled topographical map given in Appendix-2 (Sheet-02), Forest Stand Map showing the location of the project on 1/25.000 scaled topographical map is given in Appendix-3 (Sheet-03), Otluca HEPP Project longitudinal section and Work Flow Chart are given in Appendix-4 (Sheet-04) while photographs showing project units are given in Appendix-5.

Agricultural Lands

The entire land where construction works of weir, conveyance line (tunnel and channel), forebay pool, penstock and power house pertaining to Otluca 1 HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP and Boguntu HEPP is a forested land which has a topography with steep and occasional sheer slopes, there is no land where agricultural activities are performed.

Forested Lands

Vegetation that constitutes the forests around Anamur is redwood, black pine, cedar, fir tree, juniper, oak, aspen, ash tree, boxwood, plane tree, styrax, cermes oak and other maquis specific to Mediterranean.

1/25.000 scaled Forest Stand Map which is drawn in GIS (Geographical Information System) environment after making use of Forest Stand Maps and supporting with land works, showing the location of the project is given in Appendix-3 (Sheet-03),

As it can be observed in Forest Stand Maps prepared in GIS environment in a coordinated manner;

1- Otluca 1 HEPP Project:

• In weir site, BCz-T(Degenerate Redwood-Rocky)

• In forebay pool, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• On penstock route Cz (Redwood), BCz(Degenerate Redwood)

• In Power plant field, Cz (Redwood)

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• In Conveyance Tunnel-1 BCz (Degenerate Redwood) and Cz (Redwood); in delivery channel (426 m) Cz (Redwood) and conveyance tunnel-2 Cz(Redwood)

2- Boguntu HEPP Project:

• In weir site, Cz(Redwood)

• In forebay pool, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• On penstock route, BCz(Degenerate Redwood)

• In Power plant field, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• In delivery channel (161.79 m) and conveyance tunnel BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

3- Otluca 2 HEPP Project:

• In weir site, Cz(Redwood)

• In forebay pool, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• On penstock route, BCz(Degenerate Redwood)

• In Power plant field, BCz (Degenerate Redwood)

• In delivery channel (394.16 m) and conveyance tunnel BCz (Degenerate Redwood) and Cz (Redwood).

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In this respect, 2.378 trees (Redwood) shall be discarded in the scope of Otluca HEPP Project (Otluca 1 HEPP, Boguntu HEPP, Otluca 2 HEPP).

For the use of forest lands, ‘Forest Permit‘ shall be acquired from General Directorate of Forestry in accordance with 17/3 article of the 6831 numbered Forest Law which is amended with 5192 numbered law.

All necessary precautions shall be taken to prevent forest fires during construction and operation phases. Due to the proximity of the forested land, in order to prevent forest fires necessary warnings (refraining from starting a fire or throwing the cigarette butts etc.) shall be made to the personnel.

Furthermore, during the implementation and operation period of the project, the precautions against environmental effects outlined in 1st chapter, section “e” of this report shall be taken and especially, no domestic waste (iron, wood, organic waste, cement bags etc.) shall be thrown into forested lands.

Water Sources

Aboveground Streams

Anamur (Dragon) creek which is located on Middle Mediterranean Basin in the south of Turkey is born as an underground river from 35 km-long Catalyatak, Yellice and Kizcagiz Mounts of Taseli Plateau. It surfaces at approximately 1,760 m elevation in Sugozu position. From top to bottom, its major tributaries are Cevizligoz at 550 m elevation, Boguntu brook at 170 m elevation, Gokcedere and Kilicderesi at 150 m elevation, Pinarlar Brook at 40 m. After meeting with all its tributaries, the creek passes through a narrow valley in Evciler locality and it widens its bed in Anamur plains and reaches Mediterranean Sea.

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Underground Streams

The basin is rich in terms of underground streams. However, since aboveground irrigation is cheaper than underground irrigation, underground reserves are assigned to village drinking water purposes. Due to the fact that in this project, there is no need for an underground stream, no additional study is required.

Water Utilization and Water Rights

The below mentioned facilities exist for the irrigation water. These facilities and at irrigation water amount and provision, water shall be released from planned weirs to bed with the purpose of sustaining the continuity of natural life as well as its utilization. In Otluca 1 and Otluca 2 weirs, 0.8 m3/sec water, 0.5 m3/sec dedicated to Anamur District drinking water and 0.3 m3/sec for downstream water need and (100lt/sec) village services, shall be released downstream. Moreover, downstream water need is 0.1 m3/sec in Boguntu weir and this amount shall be released for sustaining the natural life.

Planned Land

On Anamur creek basin, there are various facilities operated for irrigation purposes. Information related to these facilities is briefly given below.

Cakmak Bogazi Weir is constructed on Anamur Creek at 35 m thalweg elevation. It is constructed to redirect water from right and left banks of Anamur Creek into Anamur Basin.

Right bank irrigation of Anamur Creek: Still operating Anamur Plain right bank irrigation with 3000 ha capacity.

Left bank irrigation of Anamur Creek: Still operating Anamur Plain left bank irrigation with 775 ha capacity.

Anamur hydroelectric power plant: the power plant which utilizes some portion of the water received from Anamur right bank irrigation at 25.25 m head. It has two unit 40 kW installed capacity and annually generates 3.739x106 kWh.

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Soil water Pump Irrigation: Pumping station which pumps water to upper elevations and which is operated by General Directorate of Soil water to irrigate a piece of land on Anamur Plain right bank irrigation main channel.

Trout Farms: There are several trout farms in Sugozu Village along Anamur creek, near Dibek Bridge and in lower elevations which are constructed and operated by private individuals. Around Dibek bridge, water released from Otluca 1 weir shall be taken for trout farm and once again, released into brook bed. Trout farm in Sugozu village is upstream of Otluca 1 weir. Furthermore, since water is not kept in Otluca 2 power house but released downstream, no negative effect shall be experience by the trout farms located in lower elevations than the power house. Consequently the water required for the trout farms shall be able to taken from the bed and in addition, since the construction works shall be carried out in day time, the water shall not be always murky and they shall not be affected negatively during project and implementation phases.

Furthermore, one of the effects on water resources that are probable to be observed at the operation phase of the proposed Otluca HEPP project is its effect on “rafting racecourse” determined by T.R. Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Anamur (dragon) creek on which the proposed project shall be installed is suitable for canoeing and river kayaking. The racecourse start from the point of affluence of Kilic brook into Anamur and ends at Alakopru which is located approximately 10 km to the south. Although Anamur Creek has 1-2 difficulty degree, when the water discharge increases some sections attain a difficulty degree of 3 (T.R. Ministry of Culture and Tourism, 2004). The first 800 m of the mentioned racecourse is included in the effect area of the proposed HEPP project. However, when it is considered that once Alakopru dam, which is still in study phase, is put into operation the entire racecourse shall be left inside Alakopru Dam Lake area, rafting racecourse will become inoperable in time. In this case, it is expected that dam lake area shall become suitable for water sports such as canoe races and surfing.

b) Considering the sensitive localities list in Appendix-V; wetlands, shore regions, hilly and forested lands, agricultural lands, national parks, special protection areas, areas having high population density, historical, cultural, archeological or similar important areas, erosion areas, landslide areas, forestation areas, potential erosion and forestation areas along with aquifers which should be protected in accordance with 167 numbered Law on Underground Streams

In project examination area and its close vicinity, there is no area classified under the heading 2872 numbered Environment Law “Special Environment Protection Areas” and “National Parks”, “Natural Reserve Areas”, “Natural Monuments”, “natural Parks” article which is described in 2873 numbered National Parks. Furthermore there is no areas having

84 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE high population density, historical, cultural, archeological or similar important areas, erosion areas, landslide areas, forestation areas, potential erosion and forestation areas along with aquifers which should be protected in accordance with 167 numbered Law on Underground Streams.

There is only forested area in the project location. In 17/3 article of 6831 numbered Forest Law, which is amended with 5192 numbered law, there is a verdict which state “Ministry of Environment and Forest may permit real or legal entities to have or construct defense, transportation, energy, communication, water, wastewater, petrol, natural gas, infrastructure and solid waste disposal facilities; sanatorium, dam, pond and cemeteries; health, education and sport facilities belonging to the State as well as all kinds of spaces and buildings related to them on State forested land, provided that there is a public benefit and necessity thereof and the related cost shall be paid to the Ministry”. In this respect, for utilization of lands classified as forests, in accordance with 17/3 article of 6831 numbered Forest Law, which is amended with 5192 numbered law, “Forest Permit” shall be received from General Directorates of Forestry.

Detailed flora and fauna studies pertaining to the planned project is given below.

FLORA AND FAUNA

Flora and fauna studies of Otluca 1, Otluca 2, Boguntu weir and HEPP planned by Beyobasi Power Generation Inc. in Mersin Province, Anamur district have been carried out by Science Expert Biologist Fatma Dinc in July and August, 2006.

a) Flora

Operation area is located in square C4 according to Grid Squaring System. In the identification of plant species collected from the land during the preparation of flora section of the report, “Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands” authored by Davis has been used. Moreover, with the purpose of having flora system full and complete, literature study has been performed from the same work and land study has been supported.

• Phytogeographic Region

Otluca hydroelectric power plant is located in Mediterranean Phytogeographic region. A vegetation which is composed of always green and leafed trees and bushes with arid

85 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE characteristics constitute the Mediterranean vegetation. As in European – Siberian (Black Sea) Phytogeographic region, the boundaries of Mediterranean phytogeographic region cannot be drawn clearly and distinctly. The most important reason for that is the possibility of flora regions’ penetration into other regions.

Mediterranean phytogeographic region starts from Gallipoli peninsula on the south section of Thrace. It shows its actual and wide spreading on coastal areas of Western and Southern Anatolia and it includes Amanos Mountains in the east. Apart from this general spreading, it also shows some local spreading in Black Sea Region. However, since the Mediterranean flora observed throughout Black sea in discrete portions has different properties than the real Mediterranean vegetation, it is also called Black Sea Maquis.

• Vegetation

Due to its high topography, the Mediterranean Region is split into 3 regions which are Mediterranean Sub-Section where Mediterranean climate is dominant in vertical direction, Mediterranean Mountain Section where forest mountains exist and high mountain meadow section where grass like plants grow.

Vegetation of Mediterranean Region is predominantly xerophilous since summers are hot and dry. For this reason, all-green bush and/or small tree groups which have high light and heat demand, thick and shiny leaves, and coniferous forests are dominant in Mediterranean Sub-Section.

1 – Mediterranean Sub-section

It covers the foothill area of Taurus Mountains, on average up to 1000 m altitude, of Mediterranean Climate Region where redwood trees are located as climax forest. Vegetation period is, on the coastal region, more than 260 days. In some years, vegetation period continues in an uninterrupted manner.

Depending on the ecological conditions, in Mediterranean Sub-Section there are Mediterranean plant groups which have high temperature and light demand and are resistant to summer drought. However, in accordance with damage and precipitation conditions, some variations in the distribution of vegetation are observed. Major plant groups of Mediterranean Sub-Section are as follows:

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Maquis vegetation: Maquis in sub region of the Mediterranean Region differ significantly from the Aegean and Marmara regions in terms of their species and the groups they form. Garigs which settle down in the environment following the damaging of maquis, are rarely observed in Mediterranean Sub Section. This fact is closely related with Mediterranean region being more humid and richer in terms of relative humidity, especially, in summer period.

Garig (Frigana) Vegetation: It is observed in dry, stony regions of Mediterranean Sub Section which are soil-poor, especially Mut basin, between Silifke-Tasucu, north of Tarsus, in Kozan’s circumference and around Anamur. It reaches 500-600m along the slopes of Taurus which face the Mediterranean.

Redwood Forests: The most productive and most wide spread redwood forests of our country are in the Mediterranean Sub-Section. Unlike Aegean sub-Section here, redwood forests occasionally exceed 1000 m on the slopes of Taurus which face south. Redwood, also mixes at the lower levels of the forests located in Mediterranean mountain zone. Different species of maquis exist at the bush level of the redwood forests which may rise up to 1.500 m along Taurus mountains.

The operation area ecologically lies below Mediterranean Sub Section.

2 – Mediterranean Mountain Section

Between 1.000 and 2.000 m altitudes, at the Mediterranean facing sections of Taurus Mountains generally black pine, cedar, abies pure and mixed forests are widespread. Furthermore, ash tree forests which can reach up to 1.500 m lies between Mediterranean subzone and Mediterranean mountain zone.

3 – Mediterranean Mountain Meadow Steppe Section

Above tree growing limit which lies above 2.000 m of Taurus mountains, there is the section where mountain meadows and steppe grass species are present. Here, inside the internal sections of the dolines grass density increases in parallel with the soil presence. In sections where the altitude exceeds 3.000m semi-alpine meadows are widespread while in lower altitudes grass species pertaining to Internal Anatolia steppes are dominant.

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• Distribution of Flora Species According to Phytogeographic Regions

Various abbreviations are used in describing the phytogeographic regions of taxons which exist in and around the operation area and has high presence probability due to habitat property. Accordingly following abbreviations have the given meanings, Avr-Sib.Ele (Europe-Siberia Element), D.Akd.Ele (East Mediterranean Element), Ir.-Tur. Ele. (Iran-turan Element) and Akd. Ele. (Mediterranean element). The sign (-) is used for ones which are wide spread or phytogeographic of which is not exactly known.

Distribution of 174 plant taxons in species and sub-species category included in the flora list according to phytogeographic region, Iran-turan element is 8, Europe-Siberia element is 5, East Mediterranean element is 41 and Mediterranean element is 25. The remaining 95 species are categorized as cosmopolite or unknown phytogeographic region.

• Status of Flora species from Endemism and Danger Classes perspectives

Among the taxons which exist in and around the operation area or which have high presence probability due to habitat properties; there is no species which is endemic, rare, endangered, required to be put under protection in accordance with Appendix-1 list of “Protection of Wild Life and habitats of Europe Agreement (Bern Agreement)” and included in “Agreement on International Trade of Endangered Wild Animal and Plant Species (CITES Agreement).

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Table 2.b.1 Latin names, Turkish Names, Phytogeographic Regions, Endemism Status, IUCN Red Data Book Categories, Relative Abundance Degrees and Habitats of Flora species which exist or have high probability of existence due to habitat characteristics in Mersin Province, Anamur District, Otluca 1, Otluca 2, Boguntu Weir and Hydroelectric Power Plant Site and its Surroundings

Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 CONVOLVULACEAE Cressa cretica - - - - X X X X Convolvulus aucheri Kahkaha cicegi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Convolvulus silvatica Kahkaha cicegi - - - X X X X CAMPANULACEAE Campanula stricta var. libanotica Can Cicegi E. Med. Ele. - - X X Campanula strigosa Can Cicegi - - - X X X X Campanula peregrina Can Cicegi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia chamaesyce Sutlegen - - - X X X X X Euphorbia apios Sutlegen E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X Euphorbia pubescens Sutlegen - - - X X X PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago lanceolata Sinir otu - - - X X X Plantago lagopus Sinir otu - - - X X X APOCYNACEAE Nerium oleander Zakkum Med. Ele. - - X X X ASCLEPIADACEAE Periploca graeca Ipek gulu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X ORCHIDACEAE Epipactis helleborine - - - - X X X Orchis coriophora Basur otu - - - X X X Orchis sancta Basur otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Orchis tridentata Basur otu Med. Ele. - - X X X X Ophrys iricolor Kedi tirnagi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Ophrys fleischmanii Kedi tirnagi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Ophrys vernixia subsp. vernixia Kedi tirnagi Med. Ele. - - X X OROBANCHACEAE

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Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Orobanche schultzii Canavar otu Med. Ele. - - X X X Orobanche minor Canavar otu - - - X X X X Orobanche caryophyllacea Canavar otu - - - X X X GENTIANACEAE Centaurium pulchellum Kantoron - - - X X X ERICACEAE Erica manipuliflora Supurge otu - - - X X X X AMARYLLIDACEAE Sternbergia clusiana Tavuk cicegi Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X CUSCUTACEAE Cuscuta brevistyla Cinsaci - - - X X X X ACANTHACEAE Acanthus syriacus Ayi pencesi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Acanthus spinosus Ayi pencesi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X ANACARDIACEAE Pistacia leutiscus. Menengic Med. Ele. - - X X Pistacia terebinthus subsp. terebinthus Menengic Med. Ele. - - X X RUBIACEAE Galium canum subsp. ovatum Yogurt otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Galium tricornutum Yogurt otu Med. Ele. - - X X X X X X Rubia tinctorum - Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X X X X VERBENACEAE Verbena officinalis Mine Cicegi - - - X X X Verbena agnus-castus Mine Cicegi Med. Ele. - - X X JUNCACEAE Juncus acutus Kofa Otu - - - X X X Juncus littoralis Kofa Otu - - - X X X Juncus fontanesii Kofa Otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X SCROPHULARIACEAE Verbascum orientale Sigir kuyrugu - - - X X X Scrophularia umbrosa - Eur. – Sib. Ele. - - X X X X Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor - E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Linaria chalepensis var. chalepensis - E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Veronica polita Tavsan otu - - - X X X

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Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Veronica anagalloides Tavsan otu - - - X X X SOLANACEAE Physalis somnifera Kandil otu - - - X X X X OLEACEAE Fraxinus ornus subsp. ornus Disbudak E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X Fontanesia philliraeoides - E. Med. Ele. - - X X X BORAGINACEAE Cordia myxa - - - - X X X X Heliotropium haussknechtii Sigil otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Heliotropium europaeum Sigil otu - - - X X X Cynoglossum creticum Pisik tirnagi -. - - X X Lithodora hispidula - Med. Ele. - - X X X Echium parviflorum - E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Onosma orientale Emzik otu Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X Onosma frutencens Emzik otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Onosma ovalifolium Emzik otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Anchusa undulata Sigir dili Med. Ele. - - X X X Anchusa barrelieri Sigir dili - - - X X X X LILIACEAE Asparagus acutifolius Kuskonmaz Med. Ele. - - X X X Asparagus palaestinus Kuskonmaz E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Polygonatum orientale Bogumluca oyu - - - X X X Asphodelus fistulosus Ciris otu Med. Ele. - - X X X Asphodelus aestivus Ciris otu Med. Ele. - - X X X X Asphodeline lutea Yalanci ciris Med. Ele. - - X X Asphodeline globifera Yalanci ciris E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Ornithogalum umbellatum Tukruk otu - - - X X X Gagea fibrosa Altin yildiz - - - X X X X COMPOSITAE / ASTERACEAE Inula vulgaris Andiz otu Eur. – Sib. Ele. - - X X X X X Inula graveolens Andiz otu Med. Ele. - - X X X X Pulicaria dysenterica - - - X X X X Helichrysum sanguineum - E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X Helichrysum plicatum subsp. polyphyllum - - - - X X X X X

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Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Conyza canadensis - - - - X X X X X Conyza bonariensis - - - - X X X Senecio farfarifolius Kanarya otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Anthemis nigellifolius subsp. nigellifolius Boyaci papatyasi - - - X X X X X Artemisia annua Yavsan Otu - - X X X X Centaurea aggregata subsp. aggregata Peygamber Cicegi - - - X X X X X X Centaurea iberica Peygamber Cicegi - X Scorzonera laciniata var. nana Yemlik - - - X X Crepis alpina Kokar ot - - - X X X X Crepis sancta Kokar ot - - - X X X ULMACEAE X X X Ulmus minor subsp. canescens Karaagac E. Med. Ele. - - X X X GRAMINEAE / POACEAE X X X Ainsworthia trachycarpa - E. Med. Ele. - - Anthriscus caucalis Hirhindilik - - - X X X X Bunium ferulaceum Incirop Med. Ele. - - Bupleurum gracile - E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X Bupleurum intermedium - - - - X X X Brachypodium slyvaticum - Eur. – Sib. Ele. Brachypodium pinnatum - Eur. – Sib. Ele. X X X X Aegilops speltoides var. speltoides - - X X X Aegilops biuncialis - - X X X Bromus squarrosus - - X X Bromus ramosus - - X X X Avena barbata subsp. barbata - Med. Ele. X X X Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana - - X X Rostraria berythea - - X X X X Phlaris paradoxa Kus Yemi - X X X X Vulpia myuros - - X X X Poa annua - - X X X X Poa trivialis - - Poa pratensis - - X X X Poa pratensis - - X X X X Dactylis glomerata - - X X X

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Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Briza maxima Zembil otu - X X X Stipa ehrenbergiana Sorguc otu - X X X X Cynodon dactylon Ayrik otu Ir.-Tur Ele. X X LABIATAE / LAMIACEAE X X X Ajuga posti Bodur ot - X X X Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. chia Bodur ot - X X X X Teucrium creticum Kisamahmut otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Teucrium scordium subsp. scordioides Kisamahmut otu Eur. – Sib. Ele - - X X Scutellaria rubicunda subsp. subvelutina Kalkantac E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Scutellaria heterophylla Kalkantac E. Med. Ele. - - X X Phlomis syriaca Dagcayi Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X X Phlomis longifolia var. longifolia Dagcayi - X X X Lamium garganicum subsp. reniforme Ballibaba - - - X X X X Lamium macrodon Ballibaba Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X X Stachys annua subsp. ammophila Adacayi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X Melissa officinalis subsp. inodora Ogul Otu E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Nepeta flavida Kedi nanesi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X Nepeta nuda subsp. albiflora Kedi nanesi - - - X X Prunella orientalis - - - - X X X X Micromeria myrtifolia Dagcayi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Salvia tomentosa Adacayi Med. Ele. - - X X X X Salvia virgata Adacayi - - - X X X X X LEGUMINOSAE / FABACEAE Genista anatolica Katirtirnagi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Spartium junceum Katirtirnagi Med. Ele. - - X X X X Lupinus angustifolius subsp. angustifolius Termiye - - - X X X X Astragalus hamosus Geven - - - X X X X Astragalus angustifolius subsp. angustifolius Geven - - - X X X X Vicia palaestina Fig E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X X Vicia cuspidata Fig E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X Lathyrus setifolius Burcak Med. Ele. X X X X X X Lathyrus annuus Burcak Med. Ele. - - X X X X Ononis reclinata Kayiskiran Med. Ele. - - X X X X Ononis spinosa subsp. leiosperma Kayiskiran - - - X X X

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Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Trifolium nigrescens subsp. petrisavii Yonca - - - X X X X X Trifolium stellatum var. stellatum Yonca - - - X X X X Trifolium globosum Yonca - - - X X X X Trigonella velutina Boy otu Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X X X Trigonella spruneriana var. spruneriana Boy otu Ir.-Tur Ele. - - X X X X Dorycnium hirsutum - Med. Ele. - - X X X X Coronilla scorpioides Korigen - - - X X X X Coronilla varia subsp. varia Korigen - - - X X X X Onobrychis gracilis Korunga - - - X X X X X Onobrychis oxyodonta Korunga - - - X X X X X POLYGONACEAE Polygonum arenastrum Coban degnegi - - - X X Polygonum pulchellum Coban degnegi - - - X X Rumex patientia Kuzu kulagi - - - X X X Rumex pulcher Kuzu kulagi - - - X X X PRIMULACEAE Primula vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Cuha cicegi - - - X X X X PINACEAE Pinus brutia Kizilcam E. Med. Ele. - - X X X THYMELAEACEAE Daphne sericea Defne E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X X CYPERACEAE Cyperus longus Kara topalak - - - X X X Eleocharis mitracarpa - - - - X X X Carex otrubae Ayak otu - - - X X X Carex acutiformis Ayak otu - - - X X X Carex distans Ayak otu - - - X X X X RANUNCULACEAE Nigella arvensis var. involucrata Corek otu - - - X X X Consolida orientalis Hezaren - - - X X Adonis flammea Kanavci Otu - - - X X X X Ranunculus paludosus Dugun Cicegi - - - X X X X Ranunculus sprunerianus Dugun Cicegi E. Med. Ele. - - X X Ranunculus marginatus var. trachycarpus Dugun Cicegi - - - X X X

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Phytogeographical IUCN Red Data Relative Abundance Habitat Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Endemism Region Book Categories 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ranunculus rumelicus Dugun Cicegi E. Med. Ele. - - X X X X SALICACEA Salix excelsa Sogut - - - X X Populus tremula Kavak - - - X X ROSACEAE - - Crataegus monogyna subsp. monogyna Alic - - - X X X Crataegus monogyna subsp. azarelle Alic - - - X X X OLEACEAE Jasminum fruticans Yasemin Med. Ele. - - X X X Olea europaea var europaea Zeytin - - - X X X Ligustrum vulgare Kurtbagri - - - X X X X FAGACEAE Quercus pubescens Mese - - - X X X Quercus cerris var. cerris Mese Med. Ele. - - X X X (*) Names of the plants are taken from “Turkish Dictionary for Plant Names (Baytop T., 1994, TDK, Ankara). However, some species do not have Turkish or local names. For this reason, names of plant species in Latin, which is the scientific language according to binominal writing rules, are used.

Relative Abundance Habitat Classes 1 Scarce 1 Forest, Forest openings and Forest fringes 2 Rare 2 Maquis 3 Relatively abundant 3 Frigana (plants with thorns that have low heights and constitute ball pillow) 4 Abundant 4 Culture Areas (vineyard, garden etc.) fallow lands 5 Constitutes Pure Population 5 Dry meadows and open field 6 Humid meadows, swamps and wetlands and herbaceous slopes 7 Road edge, abandoned places 8 Rocky and stony areas, shaded areas, calcareous slopes

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b) Fauna

Of the fauna species which exist in the operation area and its surroundings or are likely to exist due to habitat properties, amphibious species are given in Table 2.b.2, reptile species in Table 2.b.3, bird species in Table 2.b.4 and mammal species in Table 2.b.5. In the tables the following information is given: family of each species, its name in Turkish, habitat, IUCN category, Red Data Book category and whether it is present in Bern Agreement Appendix-2 (fauna species that are under absolute protection) or Appendix-3 (protected fauna species). For the species that are not listed either in Appendix-2 or Appendix-3 of Bern Agreement the sign (-) is used.

Furthermore, Appendix-I (Wild Animals that are Protected by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry), Appendix-II (Game Animals that are Protected by Central Hunting Commission), Appendix-III (Game animals which are permitted to be hunted for a certain period by Central Hunting Commission) lists included in “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions” which came into force by being published in 17 June 2006 dated and 26201 numbered Official Gazette by T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Protection and National Parks, are also processed in relevant tables.

Wild animals included in Appendix-I list are protected by Ministry of Environment and Forestry in accordance with first paragraph of 4th article of 4915 numbered Land Hunting Law. It is prohibited to hunt these animals, to possess alive or dead, or to transport.

Birds and mammals included in Appendix-II list are protected by Central Hunting Commission in the framework of the authority given by the first paragraph of 4th article of 4915 numbered Land Hunting Law. It is prohibited to hunt these animals, to possess alive or dead, or to transport.

Game animals included in Appendix-III list are the animals which are permitted to be hunted during the specified periods of 2006-2007 hunting season, by Ministry of Environment and Forestry in accordance with first paragraph of 4th article of 4915 numbered Land Hunting Law.

Red Data Book Categories According to Prof. Ali Demirsoy (1996)

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E Endangered Ex Extinct I Unknown K Insufficiently Known Nt Taxon is not under threat yet O Taxon is out of danger R Rare V May be harmed

IUCN Risk Classes

These are the latest “Red List” categories published by IUCN. Classification of flora and fauna species according to IUCN risk classes has been carried out in European countries since 1970s.

EW Became Extinct in Wild Life CR Under Serious Threat EN Under Threat VU Sensitive LR Low risk LR (cd) Dependent on protection LR (nt) Under close threat LR (lc) Least worrying

Amphibians

Of 5 different amphibian species which exist in the operation area and its surroundings or have high probability to exist due to habitat properties, 2 are included in Bern Appendix-2 while 3 are included in Bern Appendix-3.

Although 1 species (Hyla arborea savignyi) among the amphibian species is in IUCN list, it is abundant and wide-spread in Turkey and it is not under threat.

There is no endemic species among amphibian species.

Reptiles

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Of 11 different reptile species which exist in the operation area and its surroundings or have high probability to exist due to habitat properties, 5 are included in Bern Appendix-2 while 6 are included in Bern Appendix-3.

Although 1 species (Emys orbicularis) among the amphibious species is in IUCN list, according to the studies undertaken by Demirsoy (1996) these species are abundant and wide-spread in Turkey. Furthermore, they are not under any threat.

There is no endemic species among reptile species.

Complete list of reptile species is given in Appendix-I (Wild Animals that are Protected by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry) list according to the most recent lists which reflects “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions” that came into force by being published in 17 June 2006 dated and 26201 numbered Official Gazette by T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry.

Birds

Of 45 different reptile species which exist in the operation area and its surroundings or have high probability to exist due to habitat properties, 28 are included in Bern Appendix-2 while 12 are included in Bern Appendix-3.

According to the most recent lists which reflects “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions” that came into force by being published in 17 June 2006 dated and 26201 numbered Official Gazette by T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 29 bird species are included in Appendix-I, i.e. Wild Animals that are Protected by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 8 bird species are included in Appendix-II, i.e. Game Animals that are Protected by Central Hunting Committee, 8 bird species are included in Appendix-III, i.e. Game Animals which are permitted to be hunted for a certain period by Central Hunting Commission.

There is no endemic species among bird species and none of the bird species is listed in IUCN list.

Mammals

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Of 20 different reptile species which exist in the operation area and its surroundings or have high probability to exist due to habitat properties, 4 are included in Bern Appendix-2 while 6 are included in Bern Appendix-3.

According to the most recent lists which reflects “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions” that came into force by being published in 17 June 2006 dated and 26201 numbered Official Gazette by T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 7 mammal species are included in Appendix-I, i.e. Wild Animals that are Protected by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2 mammal species are included in Appendix-II, i.e. Game animals that are Protected by Central Hunting Committee, 3 mammal species are included in Appendix-III, i.e. Game Animals which are permitted to be hunted for a certain period by Central Hunting Commission.

4 species (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros, Crcicetulus migratorius, Vulpes vulpes) among the amphibious species are listed in IUCN list.

According to Demirsoy (1996), of the species listed in IUCN list 2 (Crcicetulus migratorius, Vulpes vulpes) are in “nt” category and are not under threat in Turkey.

According to Demirsoy (1996), the other 2 species listed in IUCN list (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposidero) and 2 species that are not listed in IUCN list (Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Ursus arctos) are in “V” category. Species in “V” category are the species which are rapidly becoming extinct and they have high risk of becoming completely extinct, if necessary precautions are not taken.

Canis lupus which is not listed in IUCN list and categorized as “R” by Demirsoy (1996) is a species which is not currently under threat but it is under risk.

In relation to fauna species; in relation to the species listed in Appendix-2 and Appendix-3 of Bern Agreement, Bern agreement protection preventions and 6th and 7th articles of the agreement shall be followed. These are;

1- In relation to the fauna species which are under absolute protection (6th article)

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All kinds of intentional catch or retention, intentional killing,

Intentionally harming or damaging the reproduction and resting places,

Intentionally harassing the wild fauna in a fashion that goes against the purpose of this agreement, especially during reproduction, development and hibernation periods,

Collecting eggs from the wild environment or intentionally damaging them or retaining these eggs, even if they are empty,

Possession of fauna species, dead or alive, and domestic trade are prohibited.

2- In relation to the protected fauna species (7th article)

Principles that regulate the closed hunting seasons and/or operation,

Temporary or regional bans which are put forward under suitable conditions with the purpose of increasing the population of wild fauna to sufficient levels,

Issues that suitably regulate the sale of wild animals, dead or alive, possession with an intention of sale or transportation or offering for sale shall be followed.

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Table 2.b.2 Protection States and status of Amphibians which exist or have high probability of existence due to habitat characteristics in Mersin Province, Anamur District, Otluca 1, Otluca 2, Boguntu Weir and Hydroelectric Power Plant Site and its Surroundings

Species No Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Habitat IUCN Red Data Book Bern HYYLIDAE 1 (L) Hyla arborea savignyi Yaprak Kurbagasi On Trees, bushes and grasses LR/nt nt II RANIDAE 2 (G) Rana ridibunda ridibund Su Kurbagasi In and around water - nt III BUFONIDAE 3 (L) Bufo viridis Gece Kurbagasi Under the rocks and inside the soil - nt II 4 (L) Bufo bufo bufo Kara Kurbagasi Under the rocks and inside the soil - nt III PELOBATIDAE 5 (G) Pelobates syriacus Toprak Kurbagasi Under the rocks and inside the soil - nt III Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1996, Vertebrates and “Amphibians” of Turkey, Ministry of Environment, General Directorate of Environment Protection, Project No: 90-K-1000-90. Ankara G: Observation L:Literature D:Narration

Table 2.b.3 Protection States and status of Reptile species which exist or have high probability of existence due to habitat characteristics in Mersin Province, Anamur District, Otluca 1, Otluca 2, Boguntu Weir and Hydroelectric Power Plant Site and its Surroundings

Species No Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Bern Red Data Book IUCN AKK (*) Habitat EMYDIDAE 1 (L) Emys orbicularis Benekli Kamplumbaga II nt LR/nt Appendix-1 Still water and streams GEKKONIDAE 2 (L) Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus Genisparmakli Keler III nt - Appendix-1 Houses and ruins, rock slits, under rocks AGAMIDAE 3 (G) Agama stellio stellio Dikenli keler II nt - Appendix-1 Stony and rocky places 4 (G) Agama ruderata ruderata Bozkir keleri III nt - Appendix-1 Stony and earthy places SCINCIDAE 5 (L) Aplepharus kitaibelli kitaibell Ince Kertenkele II nt - Appendix-1 Under trees and stones 6 (L) Mabuya aurata Tinaz Kertenkele III nt - Appendix-1 Stony places with less plants

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Species No Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Bern Red Data Book IUCN AKK (*) Habitat TYPHLOPIDAE 7 (L) Typhlops vermicularis Koryilan III nt - Appendix-1 Inside the earth, under the stones COLUBRIDAE 8 (L) Eirenis modestus Uysal Yilan III nt - Appendix-1 Stony places with poor vegetation 9 (L) Elaphe quatuorlineata saoromates Sari yilan II nt - Appendix-1 Forested, bushy and stony places, field and garden 10 (L) Natrix natrix persa Yarisucul yilan III nt - Stony places near water 11 (D) Natrix tessellata tessellata Su Yilani II nt - Appendix-1 Inside and around the water Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1997, Vertebrates “Reptiles, Birds and Mammals” Meteksan Inc. Ankara Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1996, Vertebrates and “Amphibians” of Turkey, Ministry of Environment, General Directorate of Environment Protection, Project No: 90-K-1000-90. Ankara (*) T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Protection and National Parks, “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions” G: Observation L:Literature D:Narration

Table 2.b.4 Protection States and status of Bird species which exist or have high probability of existence due to habitat characteristics in Mersin Province, Anamur District, Otluca 1, Otluca 2, Boguntu Weir and Hydroelectric Power Plant Site and its Surroundings

Species No Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Habitat Red Data Bern Status AKK (*) Book FALCONIDAE 1 (D) Falco tinnunculus Kerkenez Residential areas and forested lands A.4 II Y Appendix-I 2 (L) Falco peregrinus Gezgincidogan Forested lands and open fields A.2 II Y,KZ Appendix-I 3 (L) Falco subbeteo Delicedogan Woodlands, fringes of forests A.3 II G Appendix-I COLUMBIDAE 4 (G) Columba palambus Kaya Guvercini Residential areas and Woodlands - III Y Appendix-III 5 (D) Streptopelia turtur Uveyik Residential areas and agricultural lands - III Y Appendix-III STRIGIDAE 6 (L) Athena noctua Kukumav Field, garden, forested lands and rocky places A.3 II Y Appendix-III APODIDAE 7 (L) Apus apus Ebabil Residential areas, rocky places, woodlands A.4 III G,T Appendix-I PICIDAE 8 (L) Dendrocopus syriacus Kucuk Alacali Agackakan Forested lands, gardens A.3 II Y Appendix-I ALAUDIDAE

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Species No Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Habitat Red Data Bern Status AKK (*) Book 9 (D) Alauda arvensis Tarlakusu Field, open lands, woodlands and hilly areas - III Y Appendix-II 10 (L) Melanocorypha leucoptera Akkanat Tarlakusu Residential areas and fields - II G Appendix-I 11 (L) Melanocorypha bimaculata Kucuk bogmakli Sparse woodlands and fields - II Y,G Appendix-I Tarlakusu 12 (L) Eremophila alpestris Kulakli Toygar Woodlands, field and empty lands A.3 II Y Appendix-I TURDIDAE 13 (L) Erithacus rubecula Kizilgerdan Woodlands, parks and gardens - II Y Appendix-I 14 (D) Luscinia megarhynchos Bulbul Woodlands, parks and cemeteries A.3 III G Appendix-I 15 (L) Turdus pilaris Ardic Woodlands and grasslands - III KZ Appendix-II 16 (D) Turdus merula Karatavuk Woodlands and gardens - III Y Appendix-III 17 (L) Turdus viscivorus Okseotu ardic kusu Forested lands, residential areas, gardens - III Y Appendix-II 18 (L) Saxicola torquata Taskusu Stony and arid hills, mountains, moors and sandy - III Y Appendix-I places 19 (L) Oenanthe oenanthe Kuyrukkakan Open fields, fields and meadows A.3 II G Appendix-I 20 (L) Oenanthe hispanica Karakuluk kuyrukkakan Open fields, moors and woodlands - II G,T Appendix-I MOTACILLIDAE 21 (L) Motacilla alba Ak kuyruksallayan Open fields and water shores A.4 II Y Appendix-I 22 (L) Motacilla flava Sari kuyruksallayan Water shores, meadows, willow grove and coppice - II G Appendix-I forest CORVIDAE 23 (L) Corvus monedula Cuce karga Woodlands, rocky places and ruins - - Y Appendix-III 24 (G) Corvus corax Karakarga Moors and animal breeding places - - Y Appendix-II 25 (L) Corvus corone Les kargasi Open fields and fields - - Y Appendix-III 26 (G) Pica pica Saksagan Sparse woodlands, parks and gardens - - Y Appendix-III HIRUNDINIDAE 27 (G) Hirundo rustica Kirlangic Residential Areas - II G Appendix-I 28 (G) Delichon urbica Pencere kirlangici Residential Areas and rocky places A.4 II G Appendix-I LANIIDAE 29 (L) Lanius collurio Kizilsirtli cekirgekusu Open fields, parks and gardens - II G Appendix-I FRINGILLIDAE 30 (L) Fringilla coelebs Ispinoz Woodlands, parks and gardens - II Y Appendix-II 31 (L) Carduelis chloris Florya Woodlands, parks and gardens, cemeteries A.4 II Y Appendix-I 32 (L) Carduelis cannabina Ketenkusu Woodlands, parks and gardens A.4 II Y,KZ Appendix-I 33 (L) Serinus serinus Kanara Parks and gardens, water shores - II Y Appendix-I

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Species No Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Habitat Red Data Bern Status AKK (*) Book PARIDAE 34 (L) Parus major Buyuk Bastankara Woodlands, parks and gardens - II Y Appendix-I 35 (L) Parus caeruleus Mavi Bastankara Woodlands, parks and gardens - II Y Appendix-I EMBERIZIDAE 36 (L) Emberiza melanocephala Karabas Kirazkusu Woodlands, plains and gardens A.3 II G Appendix-I 37 (L) Emberiza calandra Tarla Kirazkusu Open fields, woodlands and fields - III Y Appendix-II 38 (L) Emberiza horluna Kirazkusu Moors, cultivated lands, forested lands A.3 III G Appendix-II PASSERIDAE 39 (G) Passer domesticus Ev Sercesi Residential areas and fields - - Y Appendix-III 40 (L) Passer montanus Dag Sercesi Forest, woodlands, residential areas, parks and - III Y Appendix-II gardens MUSCIPIDAE 41 (L) Muscicapa striata Benekli Sinekkapan Residential areas and woodlands - II G Appendix-I SYLVIDAE 42 (L) Cettia cetti Setti Bulbulu Water shores A.4 II Y Appendix-I 43 (L) Hippolais pallida Gri Mukallit Open fields, moors, gardens - II G Appendix-I 44 (L) Sylvia communis Cali Otlegeni Bushes, moors, forests and parks - II G Appendix-I 45 (L) Phylloscopus trochilus Sogut Bulbulu Water shores, forests, garden, parks - II T Appendix-I Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1997, Vertebrates “Reptiles, Birds and Mammals” Meteksan Inc. Ankara Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1996, Vertebrates and “Amphibians” of Turkey, Ministry of Environment, General Directorate of Environment Protection, Project No: 90-K-1000-90. Ankara (*) T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Protection and National Parks, “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions” G: Observation L:Literature D:Narration

The explanation of the symbols used for Red Data book categories and status of the birds mentioned in the work titled The Birds of Turkiye, prepared by Prof. Ilhami Kiziroglu in relation with the bird species, is given below:

A1 : Species which are Extinct or under threat of extinction A1.1 : Species which are completely Extinct A1.2 : Species which have 1-25 pairs all around Turkey A2 : Species the number of which stays below 26-50 pairs and which are under threat in their habitats

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A3 : Species the number of which is between 51-200 pairs but which are very rare in some places A4 : Species which have large numbers but are rare in some places B : Species which come to Turkey temporarily and which will be in risk when biotopes are exterminated B1 : Species which come to Anatolia in Winter but do not reproduce in Anatolia B2-B3 : Species which pass Anatolia transit or use Anatolia as Winter quarters and which have small risk figures Y : Domestic bird species which regularly incubate in our country G : Species which migrate after incubating in our country K : Species which do not incubate in our country but rather use our country as transit during migration KZ : Winter visitor species which pass winter months in our country

Table 2.b.5 Protection States and status of Mammal species which exist or have high probability of existence due to habitat characteristics in Mersin Province, Anamur District, Otluca 1, Otluca 2, Boguntu Weir and Hydroelectric Power Plant Site and its Surroundings

Species Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Bern Red Data Book AKK (*) IUCN Habitat No ERNACEDAE 1 (G) Erinaceus europaeus Kirpi III nt Appendix-I - Houses and ruins, fields, gardens SORICIDAE 2 (L) Crocidura leucodon Tarla sivri faresi III nt - - Open fields and bushes TALPIDAE 3 (G) Talpa levantis levantis Korkostebek - nt - - Sandy, loose and humid soil RHINOLOPHIDAE 4 (L) Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Buyuk Nalburunluyarasa II V Appendix-I LR/nt Forested lands, woodlands and bushy areas 5 (L) Rhinolophus hipposideros Kucuk Nalburunluyarasa II V Appendix-I VUA2c Forested lands, woodlands and bushy areas VESPERTILIONIDAE 6 (L) Pipistrellus pipistrellus Cuce yarasa III V - - Miscalleneous environments LEPORIDAE 7 (G) Lepus europaeus Yabani tavsan III nt Appendix-III - Forests, bushes and rocky places SCIURIDAE 8 (G) Citellus xanthophrymnu Tarla sincabi III nt Appendix-I - Step lands and grasslands CRICETIDAE 9 (L) Cricetulus migratorius Cuce avurtlak - nt - LR/nt Meadow, field and steps 10 (L) Microtus quentheri Kar faresi - nt - - Arid places 11 (D) Arvicola terrestris Susicani - nt - - Water shores MURIDAE

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Species Name of the Family and Species Turkish Name (*) Bern Red Data Book AKK (*) IUCN Habitat No 12 (L) Rattus norvegicus Gocmen fare - nt - - All habitats 13 (L) Apodemus mystacinus Kayalikfaresi - nt - - Stony and rocky places HYSTRICIDAE 14 (L) Hystrix indica Oklukirpi - nt Appendix-I - Woodlands and wetlands CANIDAE 15 (D) Vulpes vulpes Tilki - nt Appendix-III LR/nt Forested and bushy areas, fields, open fields 16 (D) Canis lupus Kurt II R Appendix-I - Forest, step, open fields URSIDAE 17 (D) Ursus arctos Bozayi II V Appendix-I - Forested lands SUIDAE 18 (D) Sus scrofa scrofa Yabandomuzu - nt Appendix-III - Forested lands MUSTELIDAE 19 (L) Meles meles Porsuk III nt Appendix-II - Forest, meadow, field, step 20 (G) Mustela nivalis Gelincik III nt Appendix-II - All habitats Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1997, Vertebrates “Reptiles, Birds and Mammals” Meteksan Inc. Ankara

Resource: Demirsoy, A., 1996, Vertebrates and “Amphibians” of Turkey, Ministry of Environment, General Directorate of Environment Protection, Project No: 90-K-1000-90. Ankara

(*) T.R. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Protection and National Parks, “2006-2007 Hunting Season Central Hunting Commission Resolutions”

G: Observation L:Literature D:Narration

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c) Effects on Flora and Fauna and The Precautions that shall be taken

During land preparation and construction phases, since there is no species in the operation field and surroundings which is endemic, rare, under threat or required to be placed under protection in accordance with Appendix-1 list of “Protection of Wild Life and habitats of Europe Agreement (Bern Agreement)” and included in “Agreement on International Trade of Endangered Wild Animal and Plant Species (CITES Agreement), the possible effects shall be limited with biomass loss, only. Following the completion of the construction phase of the operation the vegetation present on the vegetable soil shall form the previous cover again with vegetative organs such as the help of seeds, rhizome, bulb etc.

There shall be some negative effects from fauna species perspective due to the damage caused in their habitat during land preparation and construction phases. However, fauna species are not exclusively harmed species and due to the noise and the action in the environment during these phases, they shall leave their habitats and withdraw into more suitable alternative habitats. Furthermore, in order to prevent any damage on fauna species necessary warnings shall be made by the activity owner to the employed personnel. The most prominent of the effects which may arise on the biological environment where Otluca 1, Otluca 2 and Boguntu Weirs is the effect on the fish due to the decline in the flow. At the operation phase of the activity, in order to detect the minimum flow required to protect the habitats of the hydrophilous living beings, daily flow values shall be observed for long years and the minimum discharge shall be released to the water bed. This amount is the amount of water (life line) required to sustain the natural life.

After using the water collected by the weirs to generate electricity directly, without any further processing, the water shall be released to the beds. Consequently, the water shall not be subjected to any contamination caused by the project and no problem is anticipated from ecological point of view.

With the help of the fish passage that is planned to be built in Otluca-2 Weir, they shall conveniently advance in Anamur Creek bed. However, before evaluating the fish passage for the project, the planning shall be made by a Hydrobiologist by identifying fish species living in the streams inside the project activity and their characteristics such as swimming speed, sizes etc.

According to literature, fish species that are likely to be present in the streams inside the activity area of the project and their bio-ecological properties are:

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Salmo trutta (Alabalik) = Length 50-70 cm, weight 1.5kb max. The ones living in streams are smaller and have red dots.

Cyprinus carpio (Sazan) = In general, they are 1-m long and weigh 10 kg.

Leuciscus cephalus (Tatlisu Kefali) = Length 30-60 cm, weight 0.5-1 kg.

In the planned activity, all the issues and responsibilities stipulated by 1380 numbered Water Products Law and Water Products Regulation which is issued depending on this law shall be complied with.

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CHAPTER 3 ALTERNATIVES OF THE PROJECT and THE LOCATION

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3. ALTERNATIVES OF THE PROJECT AND THE LOCATION (REASONS FOR SELECTING THE PROJECT TECHNOLOGY AND PROJECT AREA)

In previous years, various studies have been carried out by General Directorate of SHW and General Directorate of EPRSDA on the mentioned project with the purpose of evaluating the water potential of Anamur Creek which lays between the shores of the Mediterranean and the ridge of Taseli Plateau that exceed 1800 m in Anamur District of Mersin Province, however these studies did not reach feasibility report stage.

For Beyobasi Enerji Uretim A.S. who requested to realize this project, the studies which were undertaken previously have been reviewed and geological and hydraulic examinations have been done on the area where project shall be realized.

During these works, the examination of Otluca HEPP, which shall be constructed without a reservoir, has been performed with 4 different diversion discharges and 9 different alternatives.

The alternative maximum diversion discharges examined are; in Otluca 1 region 16 m3/sec, 18 m3/sec, 20 m3/sec, 22 m3/sec; in Boguntu region 2.5 m3/sec, 3 m3/sec, 4 m3/sec, 4.5 m3/sec; in Otluca 2 region 42 m3/sec, 28 m3/sec, 32 m3/sec, 36 m3/sec. Concrete lined energy tunnels, rectangular delivery channels and penstock dimensions that shall be constructed for these examined alternative maximum diversion discharges, have been sized and quantities and estimations have been examined. Net hydraulic head, total installed power, annual average generation, total investment cost, benefit/cost ratio, annual income expense difference and marginal rentability of these HEPP units which can be installed in relation with 9 different alternative solutions have been determined. As a result of the detailed optimization studies, 6 alternative solutions were eliminated and detailed works commenced on three alternative projects.

It is planned to redirect the water with the detected best discharges, for Otluca 1 project 20 m3/sec, for Boguntu(Otluca 1B) project 4 m3/sec and for Otluca 1 project 24 m3/sec; to transfer to conveyance tunnel and delivery channel then through penstock, from forebay pool to hydroelectric power plant and to generate power.

In this manner, on average 223.50 GWh power shall be generated, annually, from three different projects which has a total installed power of 47.7 MW, and this will contribute to the national development.

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CONCLUSIONS

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RESULTS

Otluca HEPP Project is planned on Sugozu (Otluca 1 HEPP) and Boguntu (Boguntu HEPP) brooks as well as Anamur Creek (Otluca 2 HEPP) in Anamur District of Mersin Province.

Otluca HEPP Project is going to be constructed and operated by Beyobasi Enerji Uretimi A.S. which has the power generation company status in the scope of 4628 Numbered Electricity Market Law which came into force after its publication on 3rd of March, 2001 and it is aimed that it will assist in meeting the increasing energy demand of Turkey.

Construction works shall commence in 2007 after receiving all necessary authorizations (EEA is not required decision, forest permit etc). The time required for all construction works is planned as 2 years.

113 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE current value that is required for sustaining the habitats of aquatic organisms shall be fed to the bed as life line. Moreover, for drinking water needs of Anamur District and possible small irrigations (GDRS) water shall be released downstream. Accordingly, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Otluca 1 and Otluca 2 weir a total of 0.8 m3/sec5, 0.5 m3/sec which is dedicated for the drinking water needs of Anamur District, 0.3 m3/sec for downstream water needs (for sustaining the natural life) and GDRS irrigation, is considered. On the other hand, while calculating the principle currents for the power generation in Boguntu weir it is found suitable that 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed. As a result, in order to sustain the continuity of natural life in the brook bed, at least 0.1 m3/sec life line shall be released downstream from every weir of the project.

Except for the village roads there is no infrastructure in the project site. During the realization phase of the project, on the contrary, these roads shall be improved.

Beyobasi Power Generation Inc. Otluca HEPP Project Feasibility Report ELTEM-TEK June, 2004

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Before the application of the project commences, activity owner shall acquire the necessary permission from the Regional Directorate of SHW for taking water from the river bed.

The characteristics of the environmental effects caused during the construction and operation stage, have been analyzed in detail, in section 1.c of this report while the

115 BEYOBASI ENERJ ÜRETM OTLUCA HEPP PROJECT SANAYI VE TICARET A.S. PROJECT INFORMATION FILE precautions that shall be taken against these environmental effects have been analyzed in section 1.d.

In brief summary;

• For all kinds of water discharged in the scope of the project, into Sugozu and Boguntu brooks as well as Anamur Creek, receiving environment values and wastewater discharge criteria outlined in “Water Contamination Control Regulation” which came into force after being published in 31 December 2004 dated and 25687 numbered Official Gazette and 20th Article of 1380 numbered Water Products Law and Regulation as well as Appendix 5 and Appendix 6 thereof, shall be complied with.

• The employees shall be warned that it is prohibited to dump the solid waste produced in all phases of the project (food waste, packaging paper, plastic bottle, glass, iron, bottle etc.) to seas, lakes and similar receiving media, streets, according to Article 18 of 14.031991 dated and 20814 numbered “Regulation on Solid Waste Control” and throughout the project, this prohibition as well as all verdicts of `“Regulation on Solid Waste Control” shall be followed.

• Furthermore, packages and package wastes which may be produced in all phases of the project shall be disposed of in compliance with the verdicts of “Regulation of Packaging and Package wastes Control” which came into force after being published in 30.07.2004 dated and 25538 numbered Official Gazette.

• For the cases when it becomes inevitable that the maintenance of the machines shall be performed in the project site, the verdicts of “Regulation on Control of Waste Oils” which came into force by being published in 21.01.2004 dated and 25353 numbered Official Gazette shall be followed for the disposal of possible waste oils.

• All peripheral precautions shall be taken during blasting, necessary signs shall be hung all around the site and a siren shall be used as a notification before the actual blasting takes place, the works shall be undertaken in day time and the time and the place of the blasting shall be announced to the public. For the materials which have hazardous, flammable and explosive qualities, the charter titled “Precautions that should be taken in Work places and works where Flammable, Explosive, Dangerous and hazardous Materials are used” shall be followed. Furthermore only required amount of explosives shall be procured for the blasting operations in the tunnels and explosives shall not be stored. Regarding the use of explosives the verdicts of “Production, import, transportation, possession, storage, sale, use, disposal, supervision methods and principles for Explosives excluded from the monopoly, hunting equipment and the like”, which is published in 29 September 1987 dated and 19589 numbered Official Gazette shall be followed.

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• During all these excavation works the verdicts of “Regulation on Excavated Soil, Construction and Demolition Waste Control”, which came into force after being published in 18.03.2004 dated and 25406 numbered Official Gazette, shall be followed.

• The verdicts of “Regulation on Peripheral Noise Evaluation and Control (2002/49/EC)”, which came into force after being published in 01.07.2005 dated and 25862 numbered Official Gazette, shall be followed. In order to protect the employees from the noise caused by the machines and equipments in construction phase, and when required, in compliance with the verdicts of “Regulation on Noise” which is issued according to 78th article of 4857 numbered Labor Law and came into force after being published in 23 December 2003 dated and 25325 numbered Official Gazette, in order to protect workers from health and safety risks, especially risks related to hearing, that are caused by their exposure to the noise, necessary precautions shall be taken. By supplying suitable protective tools and accessories such as helmet, ear protector, ear plugs to those who work in machines and equipments during construction phase, it shall be ensured that employees are not affected by the noise. Additionally, verdicts of “Occupational Health and Safety Regulation” which came into force after being published in 09 December 2003 dated and 25311 dated Official Gazette and regulates the precautions that shall be taken to improve health and safety conditions shall be followed during the works performed.

• the principles of meeting air quality standards pertaining to dusty stack material stored outdoors which are indicated in “Emission Limits for Facilities that are subject to Permit” appendix (Appendix-1) of Regulation on Controlling Air Pollution Caused by Industrial Facilities which came into force after being published in 22.07.2006 dated and 26236 numbered Official Gazette, shall be followed.

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In all phases of the project the verdicts of 2872 numbered Environment Law, 5491 numbered Law about making amendments on Environment Law, 4857 numbered Labor Law and Regulations and Charters which have been or will be published in accordance with this law shall be complied with. Thus, with this project, HEPP project which is a renewable energy resource shall be realized while the environmental effects are minimized.

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