A Study of Figurative Language Found in Demi
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A STUDY OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE FOUND IN DEMI LOVATO’S SELECTED SONGS A PAPER BY VIVI DWI JAYANTI REG. NO. 152202063 DIPLOMA – III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I am, VIVI DWI JAYANTI, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree. No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award or another degree in any tertiary education. Signed : Date : November, 30th 2018 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION Name : VIVI DWI JAYANTI Title of Paper : A STUDY OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN DEMI LOVATO’S SELECTED SONGS Qualification : D-III / AhliMadya Study Program : English I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Cultural studies, USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia. Signed : Date : November, 30th 2018 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Bahasa kiasan adalah salah satu gaya bahasa atau cara mengungkapkan yang memiliki makna harfiah yang berbeda dari kata tersebut. Bahasa kiasan sangat umum di dalam puisi. Ini sangat bermanfaat bagi penulis karena dapat membuat bahasa mereka lebih indah untuk di dengarkan. Kiasan menyampaikan bayangan dari suatu makna yang tidak begitu bisa di ekspresikan dengan cara lain. Maka daripada itu, penulis memutuskan untuk memilih judul “A Study of Figurative Language in Demi Lovato’s Selected Songs” sebagai judul kertas karya. Penulis akan menjelaskan kiasan dan arti dari lirik lagu yang mengandung kiasan. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam kertas karya ini adalah metode penelitian kepustakaan dimana penulis mengumpulkan beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan topik ini. Dalam kertas karya ini penulis akan fokus dengan asosiasi (simili), metafora, hiperbola, dan personifikasi. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui bahasa kiasan yang digunakan di lagu milik Demi Lovato dan menggambarkan arti lirik tersebut. Maka dari itu, penulis menerima kritikan dan masukan terhadap kertas karya ini agar dapat menjadi lebih baik. Kata kunci : Bahasa kiasan, Lagu, Lirik iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT Figurative language is one of style of language or figure of speech a way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the word. Figurative language is very common in poetry. This is very useful to writer because it can make their language more beautiful to listen. Figurative convey shades of meaning that can’t be expressed exactly any other way. Therefore, author decided to choose “A Study of Figurative Language in Demi Lovato’s Selected Songs” as the title for the study. Author will describe about figurative and the meaning for the lyrics that contain figurative. The method that the author used in this paper is qualitative-library research where the author collects some book that relevant with this topic. In this paper, author will focus on four types of figurative which are simile, metaphor, hyperbole and, personification. The aim was to know the figurative language used in Demi Lovato’s songs and to portray the meanings found in the lyrics. Therefore, the author welcomes any critics and suggestions that make this paper better. Key words: Figurative Language, Song, Lyric iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thanks and praise Allah SWT and Prophet Muhammad SAW for blessing and giving me the opportunity, health, strength, and ability to accomplish this paper. However, this this success would not be achieved without support from individual, people and institution. For all guidance, the researcher would like thanks to: Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S. as the Dean of Faculty Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. Dra. Swesana Mardia Lubis, M.Hum as the Head of English Diploma Study Program, who give me chance to prove my qualified for finishing this paper. My Supervisor Drs. Muhammad Syafii Siregar, M.A for the precious time and knowledge he has given me for finishing my paper. Both of my parents Dedi Syahputra, and Maslina Sitorus also my brothers Ricky Wahyudi and Muhammad Fauzi Syahputra for their support, love, financial, prayers, care, and advice for me finishing my paper. I present this paper for you. And special thanks to My Boyfriend for the support, time, love, memories, our togetherness almost 6 years. Thank you for being my best partner since we started a senior high school. I would thank you so much to my great friends GOC, Yo, Rehan, Vina, Richa, Mai, Ayu, Sarah and Syifa for the great time, laughter and for all the moments we had shared together that I can’t describe with words. I love you, guys. v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA For Peggi, Jiah, Yana, Kinan, Asih, Anggi, Riri, Nada who always help me and cheer me up in every situations. Also Solidas 15 A thank you for the moments in the last three years and for the others that I can’t mention, thanks for your existence and being my friend, I really appreciate every single time we spend together. Finally, I will accept the suggestion and critics that build me up from the readers because I know this paper is not perfect, and that’s why your critics might make this paper better. Thanks to all readers who read this paper. Medan, November, 30th 2018 Vivi Dwi Jayanti vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION……………………………………………….i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION……………………………………………..ii ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………………..iii ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………....iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………...v TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………...vii 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Background of the Study ………………………………….…………. 1 1.2 The Problem of the Study ……………………………………………….... 3 1.3 The Scope of the Study ……………………………………………….…... 3 1.4 The Purpose of the Study ………………………………………….…….... 3 1.5 The Method of the Study ……………………………………………….… 3 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Figurative Language ………………………………..……….4 2.2 Types of Figurative Language ……………………………………..………6 2.3 Song Lyrics ………………………………………………………………...8 3. FINDING & DESCRIPTION 3.1 Collecting of Figurative Language in Demi Lovato’s Songs..………..........9 3.2 Classifying of Figurative Language in Demi Lovato’s Songs........…..........13 4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 4.1 Conclusion ……………………………………………….………...……...15 4.2 Suggestion ……………………………………………………...……….....15 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………….16 APPENDICES………………………………………………………………...17 vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER I 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Background of Study Language is one of crucial tools of human beings to communicate to each another. Without language, people will never be able to communicate one another. People need language to communicate, to interact, and to get information from others. According to Harmer (2007:13) language is used widely for communication between people who do not share the same first (or even second) language. It means that language can be a primary necessity in human life. It has a big role for every people in making good relationship with others. Language is a means of communications. Through language, people can express their ideas, thought, and feelings. Hornby (1972:473) states that language is a human and non-intensive method of communicating ideas, feelings, and desires by means of a system of sounds and sound symbols. The language may represent the explicit and implicit feelings and thoughts. It can also be described as a vehicle of thought, because through language people can share or deliver what put in mind. Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication. The scientific study of language in any of its senses is called linguistics. 1 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA When we study about linguistic, we will know about semantics which study of meaning. In English we know that meaning have important position to study because it will give influence to someone to understand about speaker’s mean or how far some information can receive by listeners. For example, some lyric on the songs uses figurative language to make it more interesting and imaginative. Figurative language is language using figures of speech (way of saying one thing and another meaning). It is related to the lyrics of songs that use figurative language. There are many types of figurative languages such as: metaphor, simile, symbol, hyperbole, personification, imagery, repetition, imagery, alliteration, metonymy, and assonance. This figurative language is well known in education start from elementary to university level. In this study, the author is interested to analyze the songs because many figurative languages can be found on this song. Therefore, the author will discuss the figurative language found in song lyrics and try to classify and describe it. 2 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1.2 The Problem of The Study 1. What are the types of figurative language used in the song? 2. What are the meanings of figurative language used in the song? 1.3 The Scope of The Study After reading the lyrics in the album, the writer has some focus on 4 figures of speech, such as: metaphor, simile, hyperbola and personification. And there are six songs contained to describe. 1.4 The Purpose of The Study 1. To identify the types of figurative language used in the song. 2. To describe the meaning of figurative language used in the song. 1.5 The Method of The Study The method used the library method by collecting data from books in the library as the references and also from the internet with steps as follows: 1.