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No. 3, September 2001

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Then Honored, Now Largely Forgotten HENRY LAURENS AND THE AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR The Henry Laurens Papers project, which is entering its final grievances, helped to form his position on the eve of the conflict. stages, has long been a presence in the University of South Within a matter of weeks after his return to Charleston, Carolina's history department. Fund( nary movement in South Carolina pro- the NHPRC since 1965, it produced it o the point of electing successively a ume in 1968. For many years, the pr l Committee, a Provincial Congress, and office doors have borne the simple uncil of Safety. Laurens rose to be the accurate wording "Laurens Papers"T Lairman or president of each of these unfamiliarity of the public (here, un odies. His position as a respected mod- versity students) with Henry Laurens erate early in the transition from provin- has been brought home to the edi- cial to state government made him an tors by the inquiries of passersby. acceptable executive to the extreme Not the least of which was one stu- factions within South Carolina. He dent's comment to the effect that prided himself on his long work "Lauren Papers must be important, hours and the positions he took to because she has three offices!" hold the South Carolina factions to- Even though modern American gether.As a consequence, he became students and the public at large do more necessary than popular during the not readily recognize the name of early stages of the Revolution in South Henry Laurens, it is clear that the found- Carolina. ing generation held him, and other lea( ortrait of Henry Laurens, attributed to ers now largely forgotten, in the high muel Francis Abbott. US. Senate Collection. esteem. The Papers of Henry Laure ograph courtesy of the Architect of the )l. 15-volume edition to be completed University of South Carolina Press in 2( served as vice president under South icles a fascinating life in extraordinary constitution in 1776. During that sum- Henry Laurens (1724-1792) was a merchant, planter, and mer, the British attempted to invade the state, but were political leader in late colonial South Carolina. His position in the repulsed when their naval attack on Charleston failed. Laurens early conflict between England and her colonies moved from reviewed the events of the thwarted British attack on Charleston in that of conservative Anglo-American merchant to that of con- an August 14, 1776, letter to his son John, then a student in London. cerned American republican when he became involved in a dis- This is the most frequently cited Laurens document, because it pute with the royal customs officials at Charleston after they included bold comments on the institution of slavery in America. seized two of his vessels in 1767. Most notable was his comment, "I abhor slavery." During the great By the early 1770s, Laurens had retired, or at least taken a sab- struggle over the institution of slavery during the 19th century, batical, from active public life to educate his three sons in England Laurens would be cited by abolitionists as a South Carolina planta- and Europe. He sailed from America in September 1771 and did tion owner who opposed slavery. Modern critics point out, howev- not return until December 1774.While in England, he helped to er, that despite this and many other statements he made against organize opposition to the so-called Coercive Acts, the British slavery, Laurens continued to hold hundreds of souls in bondage. Government's response to the Boston Tea Party. His influence Laurens's contribution to the national revolutionary movement among South Carolinians there made them most numerous among began in 1777 when he was elected to the Continental Congress. the Americans who petitioned the Commons, the Lords, and the He arrived in Philadelphia on July 22,1777, and continued in the King in March 1774. Laurens' stay in England, during which he service of the nation until 1784.JohnAdams, who much later would witnessed the administration's lack of response to American fall out with Laurens, sang his praises in a (o,,zt-,ed oi page 10' AMERICAN REVOLUTION 0 -- I Annotation is the quarterly newsletter of the National The September 2001 issue of Annotation focuses on historical documentary Historical Publications and Records Commission (HPRC), editing projects relating to the American Revolution. NHPRC has provided sup- a Federal agency within the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, DC. Recipients are en- port, in the form of fmancial support or endorsement, for each of the nine proj- couraged to republish, with appropriate credit, any materi- ects represented in this issue.A listing of NHPRC-supported projects relating to als appearing in Annotation. Inquiries about receiving the American Revolution appears at the end of this column. for it, or anything else Annotation, submitting material Our feature articles are: related to it may be directed to the Editor, Annotation, NHPRC, National Archives and Records Administration, "Then Honored, Now Largely Forgotten: Henry Laurens and the American 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Room 111, Washington, Revolutionary War," by C.James Taylor, editor of The Papers of Henry Laurens. DC 20408-0001; 202-501-5610 (voice); 202-501-5601 (fax); "Naval Documents of the American Revolution," by Michael J. Crawford, editor [email protected] (e-mail); www.nara.gov/nara/nhprc/ of Naval Documents of the American Revolution. (World Wide Web). Material accepted for publication will be edited to con- "Ethan Allen and His Kin," by John J. Duffy, editor, with Ralph H. Orth, J. Kevin form to style and space limitations of Annotation, but Graffagnino, and Michael A. Bellesiles, of Ethan Allen and His Kin: The Cor- authors will be consulted should substantive questions respondence, 1772-1816 (University Press of New England: Hanover, NH, 1998). arise. The editor is final arbiter in matters regarding length and grammar. Published material does not necessarily rep- "Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774-1789," by Ronald M. Gephart, who resent the views of the Commnission or of the National served as assistant and associate editor of the Letters of Delegates series. Archives and Records Administration; indeed, some mate- "Benjamin Franklin, Zealous Partisan," byJonathan R. Dull, senior associate edi- rial may challenge policies and practices of those institu- tor of The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. tions. "The Carroll Family of Maryland and the Revolution," by Ron Hoffman, editor NHPRC MEMBERS - John W. Carlin, Archivist of the of The Papers of Charles Carroll of Carrollton,and director of the Omohundro United States, Chairperson; Roy D. Blunt, representing the Institute of EarlyAmerican History and Culture. U.S. House of Representatives; Nicholas C. Burckel and "Colonel James Monroe and the American Revolution:War,Ambition, Patriotism, and Symbolism," by Daniel Preston, editor of the Papers of James Monroe. Marvin F "Bud" Moss, representing the President of "The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781-1784," by Elizabeth M. Nuxoll, co-editor the United States; Charles Tr Cullen, representing the with Mary A. Gallagher of Volumes 8 and 9 of The Papers of Robert Morris, Association for Documentary Editing; Mary Maples Dmn, 1781-1784, and now associate editor of the Papers of Clarence Mitchell,Jr. representing the American Historical Associton; Fynnette "Surviving Fire, Storm, and the Garbage Collector: The Papers of General Eaton, representing the Society of American Archivists; Nathanael Greene," by Dennis Conrad, general editor of The Papers of General Barbara J. Fields, representing the Organization of Nathanael Greene. American Historians; Brent D. Glass, representing the American Association for State and Local History; Alfred NHPRC-SUPPORTED PROJECTS RELATING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION The Adams Papers Goldberg, representing the Department of Defense; Ethan Allen and His Kin: Correspondence, 1772-1819 Margaret P Grafeld, representing the Department of State; The Journaland Letters of FrancisAsbury Dawid H. Souter, representing the U.S. Supreme Court; The Papers of DavidAvery, 1746-1818 (microfilm edition) Winston Tabb, representing the Librarian of Congress; and The Diary of Isaac Backus Roy C. Turnbaugh, representing the National Association of The Papers of Josiah Bartlett Govenmment Archives and Records Administrators. Papers of Josiah Bartlett (microfilm edition) Baynton, Wharton, and Borgan Papers in the Pennsylvania State Archives NHPRC STAFF - Ann C Newhall, Executive Director, (microfilm edition) Roger A. Bruns. Deputy Executive Director; Richard A. John Macpherson Berrien Papers in the Southern Historical Collection of the Cameron, Director for State Programs; Timothy D.W. University of North CarolinaLibrary (microfilm edition) Connelly, Director for Publications; Mark Conrad, Thomas Burke Papers in the Southern Historical Collection of the University Director for Technology Initiatives; Nancy Taylor Copp, of North Carolina Library (microfilm edition) Management and Program Analyst; Mary A. Giunta, PoliticalCorrespondence and Public Papers of Aaron Burr Papers ofAaron Burr, 1756-1836 (microfilm edition) Director for Communications and Outreach; J.Dane Charles Carroll Papers (microfilm edition) Hartgrove, Historian and Editor, Annotation; Michael The John CarrollPapers T Meier, Program Officer; Laurette O'Connor, Grant Carter Family Papers, 1659-1797, in the Sabine Hall Collection (microfilm Program Assistant; Cassandra A. Scott, Staff Assistant; edition) Daniel A Stokes, Program
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