Figs. 903 - 904. Male and female genitalia of Wilemanus hama ta (SE China ZFMK # 135 and 85-25) and distribution.

6. Stephens, 1829

Melagonina Gaede, 1933: 182 central projection in its valley. Type-species: Melagonina hoenei Gaede, 1933 Bionomics. There are only a few adults (n = 3) known, which were Melagonina hoenei closely resembles Drymonia. The male has collected in April, May and June bipectinate brown antennae to the tip. The ground colour of below 1,000 m. forewings is brownish-white with brown marked postbasal, Distribution. Melagonina hoenei apical and tarnal spaces on the forewings. is endemic in E China. The male genitalia resemble those of Drymonia, but lack the Fig. 905. Distribution of Melagonina hoenei. basal valve process. The 8th sternite is modified as illustrated. The monotypic is restricted to E China. Drymonia Hiibner, 1819: 144 Type-species:BombyxdodonaeaDenis&Schiffermi.iller, 1775 341. Melagonina hoenei Gaede, 1933: 182; pl. 14: f TL: Kiangsu, Nanking [ = China, Prov. Jiangsu, Nanjing] Ochrostigma Hubner, 1819: 146 (Bombyx austera Denis & Schiffermiiller, - ZFMK, Bonn [examined]. 1775 [ = Phalaena velitaris Hufnagel, 1766]) Chaonia Stephens, 1828: 29 (Noctua roboris Fabricius, 1777 [ = Bombyx rujicornis Hufnagel, 1766]) Diagnosis. The species is distinguished by the whitish Drynobia Duponchel, 1845: 92 (Phalaena velitaris Hufnagel, 1766]) basal area and the brown tarnal spot on the forewings. The fringe of all wings is contrastingly chequered. The males have bipectinate brown antennae to the tip; those The male genitalia as illustrated in Wu & Fang 2003, fig. of the females are filiform. The ground colour of the forewings 255 show a broad shaped tip of the uncus and somewhat of these smaller are grey to reddish brown with a whitish rectangular valves. The bilobed 8th sternite have a bilobed or yellowish pattern. The postbasal and the postmedian fasciae are well developed and blackish marked. The forewings have a small scale - tooth. The females are larger than the males but they are similar in pattern and wingshape. The male genitalia are characterized by their basal valve processes. The pair of socii is well developed, the uncus is long and slender. The 8th sternite is bilobed. The female genitalia has a signum. The larvae of Drymonia are smooth and green with a yellow coloured dorsal line. They feed on various species of Quercus and Fagus (Fagaceae). The pupa overwinters in a light cocoon in the ground. The genus is represented by nine species, which are distributed in N Africa, whole Europe except N Europe, Asia minor, the Fig. 906. Male genitalia of Melagonina hoenei (China, Hunan from Wu Caucasus, the Middle and the Near East, and-with a distribution & Fang 2003, fig. 255 A - C). gap again in Far East Russia, Japan, Korea and N China.

201 specimens have a postmedian facia on the forewings. The ssp. dodonaea display only a few white scales in the postmedian area of the forewings. The Caucasian populations display the most blackish specimens of dodonaea, whereas the forewings of the few known (n < 8) Turkish individuals are paler coloured with prominent developed basal fascia and a paler filled basal space. Specimens south of the European Alps, described as ssp. albofasciata, have finer scales and the greyish area of the forewings extends to the marginal area. The male genitalia show a distinctive long basal processes of the valves, which separates dodonaea from its eastern sister species dodonides. The male genitalia varies individually somewhat in the shape of the socii and the basal valve process. I was not able to find significantly geographical variation. The female genitalia show a smaller signum and differ from by the shape of the unbilobed ostium from dodonides. Fig. 907. Distribution of . Bionomics. The common adults appear in middle Europe in one generation from April to July. In S Europe a partial 342. Drymonia dodonaea (Denis & Schiffer• second generation in August and September can occur. The miiller, 1775): 49 (Bombyx dodonaea) thermophilous moths prefer elevations up to 1,100 m, but were TL: [Austria], Wienergegend, [lost]. rarely reported up to 1,800 m above sea-level. The larvae hostplants are various Quercus spp. Drymonia dodonaea poltwaskii Schintlmeister, 1981: 34; figs. 3, 4; TL: (Fagaceae) . The pupa is overwinters in a lighter cocoon UdSSR [Russia], Nordkaukasus, Dorf Nickel, 60 km N Maikop - in coli. A. Schintlmeister [examined]. on the ground under old oak leafes or in the ground.

Bombyxtrimacu/aEsper, 1785:242;pl.46: 1-3;TL: [Europe], [not examined].

Drymonia dodonaea basiocellata Gomez-Bustillo & Gomez Aizpurua, 1977: 322; TL: Spain, Navarra, Articutza - coli. Aranzadi, San Sebastian [not examined].

Drymonia trimacula albofasciata Hartig, 1968: 5; TL: Italy, Lucania, M.te Vulture, Groticelle - BMNH, London [examined].

Drymonia dodonaea wageneri de Freina, 1981: 35; fig. 12; TL: Turkey, Adana, Nurdagi-ge<;idi- ZFMK, Bonn [PT examined].

Diagnosis. Drymonia dodonaea resembles in Europe ruficornis but differ by the yellow-brown colour of the abdomen and the absent black discal markings. The eastern sister species, dodonides, is separable by the blackish arrows in the submarginal space of the forewings. Drymonia dodonaea displays extensive geographic variation. The ssp. trimacula Figs. 908 - 910. Male genitalia of Drymonia dodonaea dodonaea (Ger• is whitish in its general appearance. Almost white specimens many 46-20), Drymonia dodonides dodonides (Korea 73-88) and are considered to be homozygous, whereas heterozygous Drymonia dodonides daisenensis (Japan 46-18).

ri '/ '!. :; I. f. Figs. 911- 913. Male genitalia of Drymonia dodonaea dodonaea (Turkey 46-01), Drymonia dodonaea trimacula (Germany 07-54) and Drymonia dodonaea albofasciata (Italy 02-74).

202