In the footsteps of Erik Acharius. 20th biennial meeting of the Nordic Society. Vadstena 11-15 August 2013. Programme and Abstracts

Thell, Arne; Kärnefelt, Ingvar; Seaward, Mark; Westberg, Martin

2013

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Citation for published version (APA): Thell, A., Kärnefelt, I., Seaward, M., & Westberg, M. (Eds.) (2013). In the footsteps of Erik Acharius. 20th biennial meeting of the Nordic Lichen Society. Vadstena 11-15 August 2013. Programme and Abstracts. Nordic Lichen Society.

Total number of authors: 4

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LUND UNIVERSITY

PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 In the Footsteps of Eric Acharius 20th Biennial Meeting of the Nordic Lichen Society

VADSTENA 11–15 AUGUST 2013 | PROGRAMME AND ABSTRACTS ARNE THELL | INGVAR KÄRNEFELT | MARK SEAWARD | MARTIN WESTBERG (EDS) NORDIC LICHEN SOCIETY | NORDISK LICHENOLOGISK FÖRENING Thell, A., Kärnefelt, I., Seaward, M. & Westberg, M. (eds) 2013. 20th Biennial Meeting of the Nordic Lichen Society, Vadstena, 11–15 August 2013. Programme and Abstracts. Lund. 24 pp.

Organizing committée Arne Thell Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; [email protected]; +46701429622 Ingvar Kärnefelt Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; [email protected]; +46709180179 Mark R. D. Seaward Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom; [email protected]. Martin Westberg Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm; [email protected]

Sponsorship We are greatly indebted to our sponsors: Letterstedtska Föreningen (Letterstedt Foundation), Stockholm, the Elly Olsson and Ove Almborn Foundations administered by Lund University, and the Biological Museums, Lund University.

Cover: Erik Acharius (1757–1819), botanist, medical doctor and father of lichenology, who lived in Vadstena 1789–1819 ISBN: 978-91-7473-514-7 Mediatryck, Lund

2 Thell, A., Kärnefelt, I., Seaward, M. & Westberg, M. (eds) 2013. 20th Biennial Meeting of the Nordic Preface Lichen Society, Vadstena, 11–15 August 2013. Programme and Abstracts. Lund. 24 pp. The 250 anniversary of Erik Acharius was celebrated in Vadstena 2007 by a conference initiated by Göran Söderström and Axel Unnerbäck, the current owners of Acharius’s house. Organizing committée Invited to the conference were among others two of us from Lund, leading politicians from Vadstena town, and relatives of Erik Acharius. The pleasant evening began with a lecture by Arne Thell Ingvar Kärnefelt at Vadstena Folkhögskola, and was followed by a banquet in Acharius’s Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; house. [email protected]; +46701429622 In 2009, we were looking for a place to celebrate the 100th volume of Bibliotheca Ingvar Kärnefelt Lichenologica edited by Arne Thell, Mark Seaward and Tassilo Feuerer. Pleasant memories Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; from two years earlier made us ask Göran and Axel if we could celebrate the event together [email protected]; +46709180179 with them and some of the authors, Ingvar Kärnefelt, Tiina Randlane and Andres Saag, in Acharius’s house, which they gladly agreed to. Mark R. D. Seaward In 2010, the Nordic Lichen Society excursion was held in Lithuania. Sweden was supposed Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of to present a concept for next excursion. After the two pleasant events in 2007 and 2009, it felt Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom; [email protected]. natural to propose Vadstena for the Nordic Lichen Society excursion in 2013, with Martin Westberg accommodation at Vadstena Folkhögskola, followed by a banquet in Acharius’s house. Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Vadstena is a picturesque little town with a long cultural history, a key point of the historical Stockholm; [email protected] map of Sweden and, through Acharius’s work, of particular interest to lichenologists. Gradually we developed a friendship and good cooperation, not only with Göran and Axel, but also with Anita Gustavsson, who is responsible for bookings at Vadstena Folkhögskola, Göran Åström, who is in charge of the churchyards in Vadstena, and Vadstena Buss, the local Sponsorship bus company. Special thanks are due to our colleague in Uppsala, Anders Nordin, who knows We are greatly indebted to our sponsors: Letterstedtska Föreningen (Letterstedt Foundation), the lichen flora of the Vadstena area particularly well. He guided us through a pre-excursion Stockholm, the Elly Olsson and Ove Almborn Foundations administered by Lund University, in lovely springtime environment in April of this year and kindly compiled a complete list of and the Biological Museums, Lund University. the of the province of Östergötland, 951 taxa, that we hope will become longer after this event. A warm welcome awaits you in Vadstena, so please enjoy not only lichenology, but also the cultural history and tradition of this delightful little town and the enjoyable environment of the Vadstena Folkhögskola. We invite all participants to contribute to volume 26 of Graphis Scripta, which will be devoted to this conference and the improvement of our knowledge of the lichens of the Vadstena area. Lund, Bradford and Stockholm 2013 Arne Thell, Ingvar Kärnefelt, Mark Seaward and Martin Westberg

Cover: Erik Acharius (1757–1819), botanist, medical doctor and father of lichenology, who lived in Vadstena 1789–1819 ISBN: 978-91-7473-514-7 Mediatryck, Lund

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Contents

Programme ...... 3 Excursion localities Monday 12 August, a.m. Alvastra Abbey ...... 4 Monday 12 August, p.m. Hästholmen ...... 4 Tuesday 13 August, a.m. Nässja ancient stone circle ...... 5 Herrestad church ...... 5 Rök runestone ...... 6 Tuesday 13 August, p.m. Omberg: Hjässatorget ...... 7 Omberg: Hjässan ...... 7 Wednesday 14 August Vadstena ...... 9 Maps Vadstena town centre ...... 12 The excursion localities ...... 13 Abstracts Introductory lecture I. KÄRNEFELT: Erik Acharius – the father of lichenology ...... 14 Lectures: Erik Acharius and his times D. J. GALLOWAY: Erik Acharius and Olof Swartz, a lichenological friendship in letters, 1780–1818 ...... 15 P. SCHOLZ: A visit to Acharius – impressions by two German botanists of the natural history in Sweden in 1803 15 M. R. D. SEAWARD: The influence of Erik Acharius on William Borrer’s pioneering work on British lichens ...... 16 Lectures: lichenology M. BENDIKSBY: Molecular systematics of lecideoid lichens in Norway and the tropics – extreme polyphyly and a mess of ’cryptic’ species ...... 17 E. FARKAS: Research on foliicolous lichens – past, present, future ...... 17 T. FEUERER: Lichen endemism on islands ...... 18 K. MARK, L. SAAG, A. SAAG & T. RANDLANE: Phylogeny and species delimitation of Vulpicida (, ) ...... 18 A. TSURYKAU & V. KHRAMCHANKOVA: Lichens in Scots Pine forests in Belarus: preliminary data ...... 19 Posters E. FARKAS, L. LÖKÖS, K. MOLNÁR & N. VARGA: The study of lichenicolous fungi in Hungary ...... 20 P. GROCHOWSKI: Rare and protected lichen species on Larix decidua in Polish forest plantations ...... 20 R. HAUGAN, M. BENDIKSBY, S. RUI & E. TIMDAL: Molecular phylogeny and of the lichen Miriquidica (Ascomycota, Lecanoraceae) ...... 21 A. LAUNIS, J. PYKÄLÄ & L. MYLLYS: Genus Micarea and other crustose lichens on decaying wood ...... 21 Participants ...... 22

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Contents Programme

Programme ...... 3 August 11th, Sunday Excursion localities 17.00 Registration Monday 12 August, a.m. 18.00 Supper Alvastra Abbey ...... 4 19.00 Opening and information in the auditorium followed by an introductory lecture by Monday 12 August, p.m. Ingvar Kärnefelt: Erik Acharius – the father of lichenology. Hästholmen ...... 4 August 12th, Monday Tuesday 13 August, a.m. 07.30 Breakfast Nässja ancient stone circle ...... 5 9.00–16.00 Excursion to the Omberg area. Localities 1–2, 1. Alvastra Abbey (Fig. 1) and 2. Herrestad church ...... 5 Hästholmen (Fig. 2). Rök runestone ...... 6 18.00 Supper Tuesday 13 August, p.m. 19.30–21.00 Lectures in the auditorium: Erik Acharius and his times: David Galloway, Peter Omberg: Hjässatorget ...... 7 Scholtz and Mark Seaward. Convener: Ingvar Kärnefelt Omberg: Hjässan ...... 7 21.00– Optional: work with own collections in the Empire Villa. Wednesday 14 August Vadstena ...... 9 August 13th, Tuesday Maps 07.30 Breakfast Vadstena town centre ...... 12 9.00–16.00 Excursion in the Vadstena and Omberg area. Localities 3–7, 3. Nässja ancient The excursion localities ...... 13 stone ship (Fig. 3), 4. Herrestad church (Fig. 4), 5. the Rök runestone (Fig. 5), 6–7. Omberg Abstracts (Figs 6–8). Introductory lecture 18.00 Supper. I. KÄRNEFELT: Erik Acharius – the father of lichenology ...... 14 19.00–21.00 Lectures in the auditorium: Mika Bendiksby, Edit Farkas, Tassilo Feuerer, Lectures: Erik Acharius and his times Kristiina Mark and Andrei Tsurykau. Convener: Mark Seaward D. J. GALLOWAY: Erik Acharius and Olof Swartz, a lichenological friendship in letters, 21.00– Optional: work with own collections in the Empire Villa. 1780–1818 ...... 15 August 14th, Wednesday P. SCHOLZ: A visit to Acharius – impressions by two German botanists of the natural 07.30 Breakfast history in Sweden in 1803 15 9.00–12.00 Historical guided tour through Vadstena by Associate Professor Göran M. R. D. SEAWARD: The influence of Erik Acharius on William Borrer’s pioneering work Söderström (Figs 9–12 + maps) followed by individual excursions in the town. on British lichens ...... 16 Recommended: the monastery area with the churchyard where Acharius is buried (Fig. 9). Lectures: lichenology Unfortunately the position of his grave is unknown. M. BENDIKSBY: Molecular systematics of lecideoid lichens in Norway and the tropics – 12.00 Lunch at Vadstena Folkhögskola. extreme polyphyly and a mess of ’cryptic’ species ...... 17 Alt. 1: 13.00 Nordic Lichen Society meeting in the auditorium. E. FARKAS: Research on foliicolous lichens – past, present, future ...... 17 Alt. 2: 13.00–15.00 Excursion in the town. T. FEUERER: Lichen endemism on islands ...... 18 15.30. Coffee break at Vadstena Folkhögskola K. MARK, L. SAAG, A. SAAG & T. RANDLANE: Phylogeny and species delimitation of 16.00–17.00 Poster session in the auditorium: Edit Farkas et al., Piotr Grochowski, Reidar Vulpicida (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) ...... 18 Haugan et al. and Annina Launis et al. Convener: Martin Westberg. A. TSURYKAU & V. KHRAMCHANKOVA: Lichens in Scots Pine forests in Belarus: 18.30 Symposium dinner in Acharius’s house. preliminary data ...... 19 Posters August 15th, Thursday E. FARKAS, L. LÖKÖS, K. MOLNÁR & N. VARGA: The study of lichenicolous fungi 07.30 Breakfast. in Hungary ...... 20 09.00 Farewell. Optional: Excursions on the way home. P. GROCHOWSKI: Rare and protected lichen species on Larix decidua in Polish forest plantations ...... 20 R. HAUGAN, M. BENDIKSBY, S. RUI & E. TIMDAL: Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the lichen genus Miriquidica (Ascomycota, Lecanoraceae) ...... 21 A. LAUNIS, J. PYKÄLÄ & L. MYLLYS: Genus Micarea and other crustose lichens on decaying wood ...... 21 Participants ...... 22

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Excursion localities

Monday 12 August, a.m.

Locality 1. Alvastra Abbey Östergötland province. Västra Tollstad parish. 58°17’48,4’’ N, 14°39’36,4’’E. Beautiful ruins of the church and some other buildings remain, offering a large variety of substrates for lichens. The ruins are of calcareous rocks with many species such as Lecanora albescens, Xanthomendoza fulva, and the representatives of the genera Caloplaca s. l. and Verrucaria s. l. Large trees of ash, Fraxinus excelsior and oak, Quercus robur, near the ruins are of interest, with, e.g., alboatrum, Melanelixia subargentifera, Physconia enteroxantha, P. distorta, as well as the southern beech slopes of Omberg a few 100 m northwards with, e.g. Bacidia rosella. Alvastra Abbey was a Cistercian monastery founded by monks from France 1143, using land donated by King Sverker I. The monastery was dissolved in 1530 and appropriated by the Crown at the time of the Reformation. This is a half-day stop. We will have lunch at 12.00 at this locality before leaving for Hästholmen at 13.00.

Fig. 1. Alvastra Abbey with large ash trees and slope with beech forest in the background.

Monday 12 August, p.m.

Locality 2. Hästholmen Östergötland province. Västra Tollstad parish. 58°16’43,1’’N, 14°38’05,5’’E. The siliceous rocks at the shore of Lake Vättern is of particular interest at this locality where Lecanora argopholis, Ochrolechia androgyna, Peltula euploca, Physcia phaea, Xanthoparmelia stenophylla. and X. verruculifera have been observed among species of Cladonia, Rhizocarpon, Vahliella and Verrucaria. The dry forest of pines and birches above contains

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Excursion localities additional species, as do the rocks close to the parking area. Please avoid stepping into private areas when walking to the lake cliffs. Monday 12 August, a.m. We will spend the afternoon at this locality and leave for home at 15.30.

Locality 1. Alvastra Abbey

Östergötland province. Västra Tollstad parish. 58°17’48,4’’ N, 14°39’36,4’’E. Beautiful ruins of the church and some other buildings remain, offering a large variety of substrates for lichens. The ruins are of calcareous rocks with many species such as Lecanora albescens, Xanthomendoza fulva, and the representatives of the genera Caloplaca s. l. and Verrucaria s. l. Large trees of ash, Fraxinus excelsior and oak, Quercus robur, near the ruins are of interest, with, e.g., Diplotomma alboatrum, Melanelixia subargentifera, Physconia enteroxantha, P. distorta, as well as the southern beech slopes of Omberg a few 100 m northwards with, e.g. Bacidia rosella. Alvastra Abbey was a Cistercian monastery founded by monks from France 1143, using land donated by King Sverker I. The monastery was dissolved in 1530 and appropriated by the Crown at the time of the Reformation. This is a half-day stop. We will have lunch at 12.00 at this locality before leaving for Hästholmen at 13.00.

Fig. 2. Anders Nordin at Hästholmen, 25 April 2013.

Tuesday 13 August, a. m.

Locality 3. Nässja ancient stone circle Östergötland province. Nässja parish. 58°27’52,9’’N, 14°48’46,7’’E. An historically interesting area with the ancient stone circle, avenue, churchyard and church from the 12th century. The lichen flora is rich on both stones and bark. The stone circle is approximately 2000 years old and composed of 24 stones, thereby among the largest stone circles in Sweden. This is a one hour stop. The bus leaves for Herrestad at 10.30

Locality 4. Herrestad church.

Östergötland province. Herrestad parish. 58°23’24,1’’N, 14°48’39,2’’E. The church was built Fig. 1. Alvastra Abbey with large ash trees and slope with beech forest in the background. of calcareous stones and offers a rich lichen flora, particularly species of Caloplaca. The gravestones and trees in the churchyard are very lichen-rich, species of Ramalina, Monday 12 August, p.m. Rhizocarpon and Xanthoparmelia frequently represented. Herrestad church is one of the best preserved medieval churches of Sweden. The wood in Locality 2. Hästholmen the roof originate from oaks cut down in the year 1112. Östergötland province. Västra Tollstad parish. 58°16’43,1’’N, 14°38’05,5’’E. The siliceous This is a one hour stop, leaving at 11.30, heading for Rök. rocks at the shore of Lake Vättern is of particular interest at this locality where Lecanora argopholis, Ochrolechia androgyna, Peltula euploca, Physcia phaea, Xanthoparmelia stenophylla. and X. verruculifera have been observed among species of Cladonia, Rhizocarpon, Vahliella and Verrucaria. The dry forest of pines and birches above contains

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Fig. 3. Nässja ancient stone circle.

Fig. 4. Herrestad church.

Locality 5. The Rök runestone Östergötland province. Rök parish. 58°17’42’’N, 14°46’32’’E. The Rök Runestone is one of the most famous runestones, situated at the church in Rök (Fig. 5). It was discovered in the 19th century in one of the walls of the church. Although this stop is mainly of cultural

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interest, the epiphytic lichen flora around the parking area is quite rich and the churchyard is worth a visit (Fig. 6). This is the third one hour stop of the day. We will leave for Omberg at 12.30 where lunch is served.

Fig. 3. Nässja ancient stone circle.

Fig. 5. Rök runestone.

Tuesday 13 August, p. m.

Locality 6. Omberg: Hjässatorget (the parking area) Östergötland province. Västra Tollstad parish. 58°18’37,3’’N, 14°38’45,3’’E. The area around the parking lot is characterized by old beeches, Fagus sylvatica, spruces, Picea abies, and planted and naturalised douglas firs, Pseudotsuga menziesii. Common genera are Arthonia, Lecanora, Opegrapha, and Peltigera. Parmelia serrana, new to Ostrogothia, and Pertusaria coccodes. were found at the base of a large beech during a pre-excursion earlier this year (Fig. 6). Erik Acharius found Lecanographa lyncea in the area, but it has not been observed since then and not included in the checklist of Ostrogothian lichens (Anders Nordin pers. comm.). After lunch we will spend the afternoon here and re-gather in the bus not later than 15.30.

Locality 7. Omberg: Hjässan (the viewpoint) Östergötland province. Västra Tollstad parish. 58°18’24,1’’N, 14°38’55,2’’E, 262,8 m a.s.l. Hjässan is at the top of Omberg and offers a marvellous view over the area. It is rich for both saxicolous and corticolous lichens, such as Buellia aethalea (Ach.) Th. Fr., Circinaria caesiocinerea, Pertusaria flavida (Fig. 7), Schaereria fuscocinerea and Xanthoparmelia pulla. Fig. 4. Herrestad church. Omberg is a 10 km long and 3 km wide mountain in the western part of the province of Östergötland along the eastern side of lake Vättern. The mountain has been formed over 20 Locality 5. The Rök runestone Ice Ages and reaches 263 m a.s.l at Hjässan, which is the highest point (Fig. 8). It is manly Östergötland province. Rök parish. 58°17’42’’N, 14°46’32’’E. The Rök Runestone is one of composed of siliceous rock, however, sandstone and calcerous rocks appear in some places. the most famous runestones, situated at the church in Rök (Fig. 5). It was discovered in the

19th century in one of the walls of the church. Although this stop is mainly of cultural

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Fig. 6. Omberg: Hjässatorget

Fig. 7. Pertusaria flavida at Hjässan.

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Fig. 6. Omberg: Hjässatorget

Fig. 8. Omberg: Hjässan.

Wednesday 14 August

Locality 8. Vadstena Östergötland province. Vadstena parish. 58°27’03,1’’N, 14°53’35,7’’E. The town Vadstena is situated at the lake Vättern, the second largest lake in Sweden. The lake is positioned 88 m a.s.l. and reaches a maximum depth of 120 m. The historical town centre of Vadstena, situated at 102 m a.s.l., is amazingly lichen-rich and a large number of different substrates and habitats are available. We encourage you all to make a thorough investigation of the monastery area including the churchyard where Acharius is buried for a joint publication (Fig. 9). A guided tour through the historical town of Vadstena will be conducted at 09.00 hr by Associate Professor Göran Söderström will show us the most interesting buildings of the town (Figs 9–14), including Erik Acharius’s home from 1810 to 1819, that we will visit during the evening banquet. Acharius died of a stroke on 14 August 1819, aged 61, in the garden of this house. Among other buildings are the Vadstena castle founded in 1545 by King Gustav Vasa (Gustav I), in which he married his third wife, Katarina Stenbock, in 1552 (Fig. 12).

Fig. 7. Pertusaria flavida at Hjässan.

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Fig. 9. Vadstena monastery area: the churchyard.

Fig. 10. Vadstena monastery area: the former hospital in which Erik Acharius had a position as a medical doctor.

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Fig. 9. Vadstena monastery area: the churchyard. Fig. 11. The garden of the Acharius’s house where he died of a stroke in 1819, whilst examining a Spanish lichen collection.

Fig. 10. Vadstena monastery area: the former hospital in which Erik Acharius had a position as a medical doctor. Fig. 12. Vadstena Castle was founded in 1545 by King Gustav Vasa (Gustav I).

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Maps !"#$%&'"(%)*'( Vadstena town centre

1. Vadstena Folkhögskola, auditorium and restaurant 2. Accomodation and microscope-room 3. Monastery area 4. Acharius’s house, 5. Main square 6. Castle.

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The excursion area

1. Alvastra Abbey 2. Hästholmen 3. Nässja ancient stone circle 4. Herrestad church 5. Rök runestone 6–7. Omberg: 6. Hjässatorget (the parking area) and 7. Hjässan, the top of Omberg 8. Vadstena

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Abstracts

Introductory lecture

Erik Acharius – the father of lichenology INGVAR KÄRNEFELT Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund; e-mail: [email protected] , the famous Swedish botanist, had several hundreds of pupils, many of them becoming famous in their own right; most of them studied medicine, such as Erik Acharius, the father of lichenology and the last pupil to defend his dissertation for the old master in the cathedra. The greatest scientific mission of Linnaeus was to identify all living organisms in the world, a work that lasted for several decades and was published as Systema Naturae in 13 editions. Many of his pupils, such as Peter Forsskål, Fredrik Hasselqvist, Pehr Löfling, Daniel Solander, Anders Sparrman and Carl Peter Thunberg, accepted Linnaeus’ plea and invitation to explore the world, travelling abroad, often on very dangerous missions, and bringing home specimens and collections for Linnaeus to examine. Erik Acharius was born in 1757 in the little town of Gävle on the Baltic coast north of Stockholm at the time when Linnaeus, aged 50, was at the peak of his career. Acharius began his studies at Uppsala in 1773 and graduated in 1776 when Linnaeus’ health was rapidly declining. His dissertation, Planta Aphyteia, was on a vascular plant species collected in Southern Africa by Thunberg, which Linnaeus had believed belonged to the fungi. After Uppsala, Acharius moved to Stockholm where he was not only a practising doctor, but also, as a skilled painter, illustrated works for scientific journals. After a few years work in Stockholm he moved to Lund in order to conclude his medical studies, defending his dissertation in 1782. After a short career as a provincial doctor in Landskrona, a little north of Lund, Acharius moved to Vadstena in 1789. It was here in the charming little town on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern, after an appointment as provincial doctor, that he would spend the rest of his life becoming the well-known lichen systematist. In 1795, he became head of a newly established hospital for venereal diseases, at the time when he started publishing on lichens. As head physician of the hospital, Acharius managed to find more free time for research and during this seemingly very active period of his life he rapidly published his most famous works, namely Lichenographiae in 1798, Methodus in 1803, Lichenographia universalis in 1810 and Synopsis methodica in 1814. From about 1810, Acharius lived with his family in the locally well-known house in central Vadstena, in which he actively worked on his specimens, wrote his larger works, made his illustrations and received his visitors. He died of a stroke on 14 August 1819, aged 61, in the garden of his house whilst examining a Spanish collection.

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Abstracts Lectures: Erik Acharius and his times

Convenor: Ingvar Kärnefelt Introductory lecture

Erik Acharius – the father of lichenology Erik Acharius and Olof Swartz, a lichenological friendship in letters, 1780–1818 INGVAR KÄRNEFELT DAVID J. GALLOWAY Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund; e-mail: [email protected] Landcare Research, Private Bag 1930, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; [email protected] Carl Linnaeus, the famous Swedish botanist, had several hundreds of pupils, many of them In 1976 Dr Wilhelm Odelberg, Head Librarian of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in becoming famous in their own right; most of them studied medicine, such as Erik Acharius, Stockholm, visited the Natural History Museum in London where I was then working. I was the father of lichenology and the last pupil to defend his dissertation for the old master in the introduced to him and he told me of his interest in the life, work and correspondence of Olof cathedra. The greatest scientific mission of Linnaeus was to identify all living organisms in Swartz. He kindly made available to me copies of letters that the Scottish botanist Archibald the world, a work that lasted for several decades and was published as Systema Naturae in 13 Menzies wrote to Swartz, and later he sent me xerox copies of the complete correspondence editions. Many of his pupils, such as Peter Forsskål, Fredrik Hasselqvist, Pehr Löfling, Daniel between Acharius and Swartz, some 417 letters in all. Acharius’s close friendship with Swartz Solander, Anders Sparrman and Carl Peter Thunberg, accepted Linnaeus’ plea and invitation was of crucial significance in the development of his system of lichen classification, as an to explore the world, travelling abroad, often on very dangerous missions, and bringing home appraisal of his letters to Swartz shows. Although Acharius first wrote to Swartz in 1780, specimens and collections for Linnaeus to examine. Erik Acharius was born in 1757 in the regular correspondence between them began only in 1792 and it was not until 1793 that little town of Gävle on the Baltic coast north of Stockholm at the time when Linnaeus, aged lichens became the main topic of discussion. A regular flow of letters between Acharius and 50, was at the peak of his career. Acharius began his studies at Uppsala in 1773 and graduated Swartz (360 of them, between 1792 and 1815, usually 9–16 a year with 23 in 1802, 28 in in 1776 when Linnaeus’ health was rapidly declining. His dissertation, Planta Aphyteia, was 1803 and 30 in 1814, 27 in 1803 and 30 in 1814) charts the course of Acharius’s work and on a vascular plant species collected in Southern Africa by Thunberg, which Linnaeus had thinking. It is evident that Swartz was Acharius’s main sounding board and source of believed belonged to the fungi. After Uppsala, Acharius moved to Stockholm where he was encouragement. Swartz was also instrumental in introducing Acharius to influential English not only a practising doctor, but also, as a skilled painter, illustrated works for scientific botanists, such as Dawson Turner, James Edward Smith and Sir Joseph Banks. journals. After a few years work in Stockholm he moved to Lund in order to conclude his medical studies, defending his dissertation in 1782. After a short career as a provincial doctor A visit to Acharius – impressions by two German botanists of natural history in Sweden in Landskrona, a little north of Lund, Acharius moved to Vadstena in 1789. It was here in the in 1803 charming little town on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern, after an appointment as provincial PETER SCHOLZ doctor, that he would spend the rest of his life becoming the well-known lichen systematist. In Paetzstraße 37, D-04435 Schkeuditz, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 1795, he became head of a newly established hospital for venereal diseases, at the time when he started publishing on lichens. As head physician of the hospital, Acharius managed to find In 1803 two young German botanists from Kiel, Friedrich Weber (1781-1823) and Daniel more free time for research and during this seemingly very active period of his life he rapidly Matthias Heinrich Mohr (1780-1808), paid a visit to Sweden in order to gain a personal published his most famous works, namely Lichenographiae in 1798, Methodus in 1803, impression of the state of natural history there and to become acquainted with some leading Lichenographia universalis in 1810 and Synopsis methodica in 1814. From about 1810, Swedish botanists. They had not only visited Erik Acharius in Vadstena, but also Adam Acharius lived with his family in the locally well-known house in central Vadstena, in which Afzelius, Olof Peter Swartz, Carl Pehr Thunberg, Göran Wahlenberg and Johan Pehr he actively worked on his specimens, wrote his larger works, made his illustrations and Westring among others. They published a travelogue shortly after their return to Germany received his visitors. He died of a stroke on 14 August 1819, aged 61, in the garden of his which also includes some scientific notes and descriptions of a few new species, mostly algae. house whilst examining a Spanish collection. They had spent almost three months in southern and central Sweden, starting from Lund and reaching finally Stockholm and Uppsala before their return to the south. Erik Acharius also provided some of the original drawings for the three copper plates included in this work which is entitled Naturhistorische Reise durch einen Theil Schwedens (Göttingen 1804). This little known book is now available in the internet from: http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/dms/load/pdf/?PPN=PPN609577298 Their report gives not only a good insight into the state of natural history in Sweden at the beginning of the 19th century, but also provides vivid impressions of the meetings with leading Swedish botanists, especially Acharius at the time when he had just published his Methodus.

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The influence of Erik Acharius on William Borrer’s pioneering work on British lichens MARK R. D. SEAWARD Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences (AGES),University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom; [email protected] William Borrer was undoubtedly one of the most outstanding characters of British botany in the first decades of the 19th century, and his knowledge of its lichen flora at that time was without parallel. Lichenographia Britannica, co-authored by Borrer and Dawson Turner, was far in advance of its time and includes first descriptions of numerous species. In the preparation of this work, Borrer was clearly influenced by Erik Acharius, not only through his publications, but also through the important set of his specimens which Borrer examined in 1809 soon after its acquisition by the Linnean Society of London. For this, and many other reasons, discussed in this presentation, Borrer is fully deserving of the title ‘Father of British Lichenology’.

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The influence of Erik Acharius on William Borrer’s pioneering work on British lichens Lectures: lichenology

MARK R. D. SEAWARD Convenor: Mark Seaward Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences (AGES),University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom; [email protected] Molecular systematics of lecideoid lichens in Norway and the tropics – extreme polyphyly and a mess of ’cryptic’ species William Borrer was undoubtedly one of the most outstanding characters of British botany in the first decades of the 19th century, and his knowledge of its lichen flora at that time was MIKA BENDIKSBY without parallel. Lichenographia Britannica, co-authored by Borrer and Dawson Turner, was Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, NO-0318 Oslo, Norge; far in advance of its time and includes first descriptions of numerous species. In the [email protected] preparation of this work, Borrer was clearly influenced by Erik Acharius, not only through his Results are presented from the Oslo-group’s phylogenetic/taxonomic work on selected groups publications, but also through the important set of his specimens which Borrer examined in of lecideoid lichens. Within the project ”Mapping of lecideoid lichens in Norway”, funded by 1809 soon after its acquisition by the Linnean Society of London. For this, and many other the Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative (administered by The Norwegian Biodiversity reasons, discussed in this presentation, Borrer is fully deserving of the title ‘Father of British Information Centre), morphological/anatomical, chemical (TLC) and molecular (DNA- Lichenology’. sequencing) approaches to assess taxon circumscription and phylogenetic placement within the lichen-tree-of-life were used. The molecular phylogenetic results show both extreme polyphyly and a high number of phenotypically cryptic species – a picture sometimes indicated, but not confirmed, by non-molecular investigations; for example, the genus Hypocenomyce is highly polyphyletic as currently circumscribed, and a high number of phenotypically cryptic species were revealed in Rhizocarpon and Miriquidica. In a different project, funded by NHM-Oslo, we used the same approach to study similar issues in three pantropical lecidoid lichen genera (Eschatogonia, Krogia and Phyllopsora). Although common epiphytes on rainforest trees, species delimitation and phylogeny of these genera are poorly understood; even their family affiliation remains unsettled. The molecular approach proved to be particularly valuable in this project, as Einar Timdal (NHM), a world expert on these groups, was unable to determine c. 20% of the material. Our molecular phylogenetic results confirm his suspicion that there is a considerable undiscovered and ‘hidden’ diversity in these largely overlooked tropical lichens. This presentation will include an overview of our molecular phylogenetic results and taxonomic conclusions for Hypocenomyce, the Calvitimela aglaea complex, Eschatogonia and Krogia, as well as preliminary results on Phyllopsora, Rhizocarpon and Miriquidica.

Research on foliicolous lichens – past, present, future EDIT FARKAS Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Hungary; [email protected] Swedish lichenologists have played a major role in the study of foliicolous lichens, the first observed by Elias Fries, who described the subcuticular genus Strigula in 1823 and in 1952 Rolf Santesson in his worldwide monograph Foliicolous lichens revised 977 taxa of 176 genera, previously described by c. 50 lichenologists – among them Nylander, Müller Argoviensis, Vainio and Zahlbruckner. As a result, 236 species in 10 families and 38 genera were recognised, of which two genera and 44 species were described by Santesson. Antonín Vězda, in his systematic study of lichens, described 478 lichen taxa (incl. 2 families, 38 genera, 399 species), nearly half of which were foliicolous lichens. Altogether 126 foliicolous lichen species were distributed in his Lichenes Selecti Exsiccati and 71 species in Lichenes Rariores Exsiccati. From the second half of the 1970s Sérusiaux, Sipman, Aptroot and Farkas studied mostly palaeotropical collections represented by fewer species. From the 1990s Lücking concentrated on the lichens of the neotropical regions. His Flora Neotropica monograph Foliicolous lichenized fungi (2008) covers c. 75% of the known foliicolous lichen taxa. Currently over 800 foliicolous lichen species are known worldwide. The number of the

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pantropical species is high in all tropical areas. The lichenological discovery of Africa and the Eastern Palaeotropics is progressing due to local specialists (e.g. Awasthi, Boonpragob, Jayalal, Nguyen, Papong, Yeshitela). More local studies are to be expected in the future, especially when modern methods for chemical investigations and molecular genetic studies are introduced, and statistical methods are applied for solving environmental problems. The study of lichenicolous fungi living on foliicolous lichens started by Santesson and followed by Matzer (1993, 1996), continues through the work of Flakus, Kukwa and Etayo. The author’s research on foliicolous lichens is supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K81232).

Lichen endemism on islands TASSILO FEUERER Biocentre Klein-Flottbek, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany; [email protected] It is well known that the Galapagos finches are an impressive example of adaptive radiation, and also that large numbers of endemic angiosperms are to be found on Hawaii and the Canary Islands, but what about lichens? What percentage of endemic species occur on islands? Which lichen genera show adaptive radiation? Which characters are typical for endemic species on islands? Are dark spored species more frequent on islands because their are less damaged by UV radiation? Not all islands demonstrate these phenomena. Endemic species are restricted to small, remote, geologically young islands, but Greenland, Japan and the British Isles, for example, do not belong to this category. By analysing the biodiversity of 57 islands included in the 640 geopolitical units stored in the on-line database "Checklists of lichens" of 19,002 species, a global appreciation can be achieved. By comparison of the lists of individual islands with the global checklist, the respective endemic species have been identified. The percentage of endemic lichens on islands is remarkably lower than that of angiosperms. Furthermore, adaptive radiation is restricted to only a few genera of the Ramalinaceae, Parmeliaceae and . Thus, the patterns of distribution and phylogeny of lichens clearly differ from those of bryophytes, pteridophytes and angiosperms.

Phylogeny and species delimitation of Vulpicida (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)

KRISTIINA MARK, LAURI SAAG, ANDRES SAAG and TIINA RANDLANE University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, Lai 38, 51005 Tartu, Estonia; [email protected] The genus Vulpicida, belonging to the morphological group of ”cetrarioid lichens” in the family Parmeliaceae, was described by Mattsson & Lai (1993) on the basis of the morphology and chemistry of the species – intense yellow colour of medulla caused by unique set of secondary metabolites. The genus is distributed in the temperate and arctic regions of northern hemisphere and composed of six species: Vulpicida canadensis, V. juniperinus, V. pinastri, V. tubulosus, V. tilesii and V. viridis. V. juniperinus is the commonest in Northern Europe, partly overlapping the distribution of V. tubulosus in the Baltic Sea islands. V. canadensis and V. viridis only grow in North America, but V. pinastri and V. tilesii are widely distributed. Morphological distinction between V. juniperinus, V. tilesii and V. tubulosus is sometimes difficult due to frequent intermediate forms. The distinctiveness of current Vulpicida species is assessed and the monophyly of the genus using DNA data from 5 loci is investigated. According to all loci, V. juniperinus, V. tubulosus and V. tilesii cannot be separated, while V. pinastri, V. canadensis, and V. viridis are quite clearly distinct. Discordance between the gene trees was encountered, so the species tree approach was

20 IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF ERIC ACHARIUS 19 pantropical species is high in all tropical areas. The lichenological discovery of Africa and the applied to overcome the conflicts. Based on ITS, two cryptic species could be distinguished Eastern Palaeotropics is progressing due to local specialists (e.g. Awasthi, Boonpragob, within V. juniperinus – V. tubulosus – V. tilesii complex, but these are not separated by other Jayalal, Nguyen, Papong, Yeshitela). More local studies are to be expected in the future, loci and do not appear justified in the species tree methods. Although the monophyly of the especially when modern methods for chemical investigations and molecular genetic studies genus is not supported by all methods, there is no conclusive evidence against it. We propose are introduced, and statistical methods are applied for solving environmental problems. The four instead of current six species in Vulpicida, reducing V. tubulosus and V. tilesii to study of lichenicolous fungi living on foliicolous lichens started by Santesson and followed synonymy under V. juniperinus. by Matzer (1993, 1996), continues through the work of Flakus, Kukwa and Etayo. The author’s research on foliicolous lichens is supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Lichens in Scots Pine forests in Belarus: preliminary data Fund (OTKA K81232). ANDREI TSURYKAU and VOLHA KHRAMCHANKOVA

Lichen endemism on islands Department of Biology, F. Skorina Gomel State University, Sovetskaja st. 104, 246019 Gomel, Belarus. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] TASSILO FEUERER Explanation of the features and patterns of lichen distribution on tree species is of a Biocentre Klein-Flottbek, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany; [email protected] theoretical and practical importance. While growing on the trunks and boughs for almost the It is well known that the Galapagos finches are an impressive example of adaptive radiation, entire life of the tree, lichens are exposed to the same environmental conditions which affects and also that large numbers of endemic angiosperms are to be found on Hawaii and the the trees themselves. Various environmental factors (i.e. physical and chemical properties of Canary Islands, but what about lichens? What percentage of endemic species occur on the substratum, light, water and heat treatment) regulate the number of lichen species, their islands? Which lichen genera show adaptive radiation? Which characters are typical for development, growth and morphological structure. Lichens on different tree species form endemic species on islands? Are dark spored species more frequent on islands because their rather distinct groups which are characterized by certain lichen species compositions. There spores are less damaged by UV radiation? Not all islands demonstrate these phenomena. are almost no data on the epiphytic cover of certain species of trees for Belarus. The main Endemic species are restricted to small, remote, geologically young islands, but Greenland, data available from the mid 20th century to the present time are probably not entirely true. Japan and the British Isles, for example, do not belong to this category. By analysing the Fieldwork was carried out in 2011–2012 in Cladonia, Pteridium aquilinum, Pleurozium biodiversity of 57 islands included in the 640 geopolitical units stored in the on-line database schreberi, Vaccinium myrtillus, Oxalis acetosella, Ledum palustre and Polytrichum "Checklists of lichens" of 19,002 species, a global appreciation can be achieved. By commune-types of pine forest sample plots. Only lichen species that were recorded on pine comparison of the lists of individual islands with the global checklist, the respective endemic tree trunks were included in the analysis. The Sørensen-Dice index was used for describing species have been identified. The percentage of endemic lichens on islands is remarkably the differences in lichen species composition for different types of sample plots. Altogether, lower than that of angiosperms. Furthermore, adaptive radiation is restricted to only a few 46 species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi were recorded in the study. The occurrence and genera of the Ramalinaceae, Parmeliaceae and Caliciaceae. Thus, the patterns of distribution frequency of many species differed for different sample plots varying in moisture conditions. and phylogeny of lichens clearly differ from those of bryophytes, pteridophytes and It was stated that Pteridium aquilinum, Pleurozium schreberi and Vaccinium myrtillus-types angiosperms. of pine forests have the similar lichen species composition (Sørensen distances range from 0.77 to 0.86). All of these types of forests demonstrate mesophytic conditions and are humid Phylogeny and species delimitation of Vulpicida (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) and moist. Oxalis acetosella, Ledum palustre and Polytrichum commune-types of pine forest sample plots form a separate cluster with similar features. These types of forests are KRISTIINA MARK, LAURI SAAG, ANDRES SAAG and TIINA RANDLANE characterized by dank and wet conditions. Sørensen distances range from 0.63 to 0.78 and University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, Lai 38, 51005 Tartu, indicate similarity but not identity of lichen communities’ structure. Dry Cladonia-type pine Estonia; [email protected] forest has the most specific lichen flora (Sørensen distance is 0.44). The genus Vulpicida, belonging to the morphological group of ”cetrarioid lichens” in the family Parmeliaceae, was described by Mattsson & Lai (1993) on the basis of the morphology and chemistry of the species – intense yellow colour of medulla caused by unique set of secondary metabolites. The genus is distributed in the temperate and arctic regions of northern hemisphere and composed of six species: Vulpicida canadensis, V. juniperinus, V. pinastri, V. tubulosus, V. tilesii and V. viridis. V. juniperinus is the commonest in Northern Europe, partly overlapping the distribution of V. tubulosus in the Baltic Sea islands. V. canadensis and V. viridis only grow in North America, but V. pinastri and V. tilesii are widely distributed. Morphological distinction between V. juniperinus, V. tilesii and V. tubulosus is sometimes difficult due to frequent intermediate forms. The distinctiveness of current Vulpicida species is assessed and the monophyly of the genus using DNA data from 5 loci is investigated. According to all loci, V. juniperinus, V. tubulosus and V. tilesii cannot be separated, while V. pinastri, V. canadensis, and V. viridis are quite clearly distinct. Discordance between the gene trees was encountered, so the species tree approach was

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Posters

Convenor: Martin Westberg The study of lichenicolous fungi in Hungary 1 2 1 1 EDIT FARKAS, LÁSZLÓ LÖKÖS, KATALIN MOLNÁR and NÓRA VARGA 1Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Hungary; [email protected]; [email protected] 2Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1476 Budapest, Pf. 222, Hungary The first lichenicolous , Conida clemens, in Hungary was published in 1870 by the famous Hungarian polymath Frigyes Hazslinszky. From time to time further species were found and published by Hungarian lichenologists and mycologists (e.g. Fóriss, Gallé, Hollós, Kiszely-Vámosi, Kőfaragó-Gyelnik, Moesz, Szatala). Although they collected practically all groups of lichen-forming and numerous lichenicolous fungi, their interest the latter was rather low. More than 100 years after the first record, only 21 lichenicolous species were reported in the Identification book of the Hungarian microscopical fungi by J. Bánhegyi et al. (1985– 1987). The investigation of the lichenicolous fungi in Hungary has also been neglected in recent decades, with only a few scattered occurrences of Athelia arachnoidea and Illosporiopsis christiansenii noted in the 1980s–1990s. More recent records originate mostly from collections of Lőkös, Vondrák and their co-authors. An online checklist of species from Hungary has been prepared recently (Lőkös and Farkas 2009), which is regularly updated, and includes 56 species of lichenicolous and other microfungi in 39 genera. More attention has been paid to lichenicolous fungi in recent fieldwork and several new records have been found, some new to Hungary. The authors’ research on lichenicolous fungi is supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K81232).

Rare and protected lichen species on Larix decidua in Polish forest plantations PJOTR GROCHOWSKI Department of Biology, University School of Physical Education, Poznan Faculty, Gorzow Estkowskiego 13, PL- 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; [email protected] A review of the forest divisions within a strip of land near to the German border in western Poland commenced in 2010. Particular attention was paid to the cultivation of larch in the Lubsko Forest District, known to support many epiphytic lichens, and the Bogdaniec and Trzebież Forest Districts. An inventory of epiphytic lichens included protected species. Initial colonization of Larix decidua by lichens begins with physodes, in many cases the only lichen, usually followed by , and subsequently Evernia prunastri and Usnea subfloridana. Colonization usually begins in the lower branches, which are the first to die and cease to produce needle production. Often, successive lichens that appear on the larch are, for example, Usnea filipendula, U. hirta, Bryoria fuscescens, B. crispa, Hypogymnia tubulosa and Platismatia glauca. Currently, the observed process of colonization of the branches and trunks of Larix decidua shows that interesting lichen species favour, apart from the improvement in air quality, particular chemical and biological characteristics of the tree. All the above-mentioned species are clearly acidophilic and prefer pH bark from 4 to 6, with the majority in the range 4 to 5. Although these pH values of bark are typical of both Pinus sylvestris and Larix decidua, lichens prefer L. decidua since it is free of needles for at least half of the year, resulting in more favourable light conditions, especially in the lower part the tree; therefore, it has been possible to conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses on the growth and health of macrolichens covered by legal protection in Poland.

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Posters Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the lichen genus Miriquidica (Ascomycota, Convenor: Martin Westberg Lecanoraceae) The study of lichenicolous fungi in Hungary REIDAR HAUGAN, MIKA BENDIKSBY, SIRI RUI and EINAR TIMDAL 1 2 1 1 EDIT FARKAS, LÁSZLÓ LÖKÖS, KATALIN MOLNÁR and NÓRA VARGA Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, NO-0318 Oslo, Norge; 1Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Hungary; [email protected]; [email protected] During 2010-2013 the authors participated in the project Mapping of Norwegian lecideoid 2Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1476 Budapest, Pf. 222, Hungary lichens, funded by the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre. Results of this project The first lichenicolous fungus, Conida clemens, in Hungary was published in 1870 by the (species descriptions, pictures and distribution data) are presented on the internet famous Hungarian polymath Frigyes Hazslinszky. From time to time further species were (http://nhm2.uio.no/ lav/lecideoid) and as research articles addressing species-delimitation found and published by Hungarian lichenologists and mycologists (e.g. Fóriss, Gallé, Hollós, and phylogeny in selected groups. In Miriquidica (Hertel & Rambold 1987), which comprises Kiszely-Vámosi, Kőfaragó-Gyelnik, Moesz, Szatala). Although they collected practically all about 30 saxicolous species worldwide, several unknown species were suspected to occur. groups of lichen-forming and numerous lichenicolous fungi, their interest the latter was rather Many Miriquidica species are difficult to identify without careful chemical (TLC) and low. More than 100 years after the first record, only 21 lichenicolous species were reported in microscopical investigations. The genus was originally delimited by the presence of the Identification book of the Hungarian microscopical fungi by J. Bánhegyi et al. (1985– miriquidic acid (not all species) and anatomical characters of the apothecia, including asci of 1987). The investigation of the lichenicolous fungi in Hungary has also been neglected in the “Lecanora-type”. Although Miriquidica species are not uncommon in alpine areas, and in recent decades, with only a few scattered occurrences of Athelia arachnoidea and some areas (e.g. in the mesotrophic Fennoscandian mountains) represent a significant part of Illosporiopsis christiansenii noted in the 1980s–1990s. More recent records originate mostly the crustose lichen flora on rocks, the genus remains poorly represented in herbaria from collections of Lőkös, Vondrák and their co-authors. An online checklist of species from worldwide. During our project, Miriquidica species were systematically collected all over Hungary has been prepared recently (Lőkös and Farkas 2009), which is regularly updated, and Norway, representing wide climatic, geographical and ecological gradients, and studied includes 56 species of lichenicolous and other microfungi in 39 genera. More attention has through a combinations of different approaches (TLC, microscopy, comparative DNA been paid to lichenicolous fungi in recent fieldwork and several new records have been found, sequencing). Our molecular phylogeny of the genus includes multiple accessions of all some new to Hungary. The authors’ research on lichenicolous fungi is supported by the available Norwegian species as well as extra-Norwegian material. Most Miriquidica species Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K81232). will remain in a monophyletically circumscribed genus (Miriquidica), but some species are extraneous to the genus, and a few species of Lecanora and Lecidea s.lat. have been shown to Rare and protected lichen species on Larix decidua in Polish forest plantations belong in it. Several new “phenotypic” species will be described and several phenotypically cryptic species have been discovered. The genus is confirmed to be well situated within the PJOTR GROCHOWSKI Lecanoraceae. Department of Biology, University School of Physical Education, Poznan Faculty, Gorzow Estkowskiego 13, PL- 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; [email protected] Genus Micarea and other crustose lichens on decaying wood 1 2 1 A review of the forest divisions within a strip of land near to the German border in western ANNINA LAUNIS, JUHA PYKÄLÄ, LEENA MYLLYS Poland commenced in 2010. Particular attention was paid to the cultivation of larch in the 1Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected], Lubsko Forest District, known to support many epiphytic lichens, and the Bogdaniec and [email protected] Trzebież Forest Districts. An inventory of epiphytic lichens included protected species. Initial 2Finnish Environment Institute, Mechelininkatu 34a, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected] colonization of Larix decidua by lichens begins with Hypogymnia physodes, in many cases the only lichen, usually followed by Pseudevernia furfuracea, and subsequently Evernia The diminishing quantity of dead wood is one of the commonest reasons for the prunastri and Usnea subfloridana. Colonization usually begins in the lower branches, which endangerment of forest lichen species in Finland. However, the ecology of species living on are the first to die and cease to produce needle production. Often, successive lichens that decaying wood is still rather poorly known. Since the majority of lichens living solely on appear on the larch are, for example, Usnea filipendula, U. hirta, Bryoria fuscescens, B. decaying wood are crustose, such as Micarea species, our aim is to identify these and to crispa, Hypogymnia tubulosa and Platismatia glauca. Currently, the observed process of investigate their ecology, distribution and taxonomy. In addition to morphological, anatomical colonization of the branches and trunks of Larix decidua shows that interesting lichen species and chemical studies, DNA methods such as barcoding and pyrosequencing are performed. favour, apart from the improvement in air quality, particular chemical and biological Focus is paid on how habitat/substrate, state of decay of substrate, and the location of the tree characteristics of the tree. All the above-mentioned species are clearly acidophilic and prefer affect the species occurrence. A comparison is also made of species composition and richness pH bark from 4 to 6, with the majority in the range 4 to 5. Although these pH values of bark found in commercial forests and natural forests. To date this work has focused on the genus are typical of both Pinus sylvestris and Larix decidua, lichens prefer L. decidua since it is free Micarea; several new records of rare species have been discovered, of which two are new to of needles for at least half of the year, resulting in more favourable light conditions, especially science. This study shows that DNA barcoding, using ITS or mtSSU sequences, is a highly in the lower part the tree; therefore, it has been possible to conduct quantitative and efficient method to identify species of Micarea. DNA methods have also enabled a further qualitative analyses on the growth and health of macrolichens covered by legal protection in study the systematics of this polyphyletic genus, and the need for a reliable DNA database for Poland. these poorly known wood inhabiting crustose lichens is emphasized.

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Participants

Belarus

Andrei TSURYKAU: F. Skorina Gomel State University, Sovetskaja Str., 104, BL-246019 Gomel, Belarus; [email protected]

Denmark

Vagn ALSTRUP: Dalkær 9.2.tv, DK-2605 Copenhagen K, Denmark; [email protected]

Estonia

Kristiina MARK: University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Botany, Lai 38, 51005 Tartu, Estonia; [email protected]

Finland

Annina LAUNIS: Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected]

Juha PYKÄLÄ: Finnish Environment Institute, Mechelininkatu 34a, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected]

Orvo VITIKAINEN: Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected]

Germany

Tassilo FEUERER: Biocentre Klein-Flottbek, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany; [email protected]

Peter SCHOLTZ: Paetzstraße 37, D-04435 Schkeuditz, Germany; [email protected]

Hungary

Edit FARKAS: Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Hungary; [email protected]

Nora VARGA: Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Hungary; Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmány u. 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary; [email protected]

Lithuania

Jurga MOTIEJUNAITE: Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų ežerų 49, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected]

Ingrida PRIGODINA-LUKOSIENE: Deaprtment of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K.Čiurlionio str. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected]

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Participants New Zealand

David GALLOWAY: Private Bag 1930, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; [email protected] Belarus

Andrei TSURYKAU: F. Skorina Gomel State University, Sovetskaja Str., 104, BL-246019 Norway

Gomel, Belarus; [email protected] Mika BENDIKSBY: Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, NO- 0318 Oslo, Norge; [email protected] Denmark Jan Ingar BÅTVIK: Mosseveien 45, N-1640 Råde, Norge; [email protected] Vagn ALSTRUP: Dalkær 9.2.tv, DK-2605 Copenhagen K, Denmark; [email protected] Hans Christian GJERLAUG: Lille Hubred 25, N-2322 Ridaby, Norway; hans- [email protected] Estonia Reidar HAUGAN: Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, NO- Kristiina MARK: University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of 0318 Oslo, Norge; [email protected] Botany, Lai 38, 51005 Tartu, Estonia; [email protected] Jon T. KLEPSLAND: BioFokus, Gaustadalleen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norge; [email protected]

Finland Einar TIMDAL: Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172 Blindern, NO- 0318 Oslo, Norge; [email protected] Annina LAUNIS: Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; [email protected] Poland

Juha PYKÄLÄ: Finnish Environment Institute, Mechelininkatu 34a, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Pawel CZARNOTA: Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Finland; [email protected] Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80-308 Gdansk, Poland; [email protected]

Orvo VITIKAINEN: Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Pjotr GROCHOWSKI: Department of Biology, University School of Physical Education, Finland; [email protected] Poznan Faculty, Gorzow Estkowskiego 13, PL-66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland;

[email protected] Germany Martin KUKWA: Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Tassilo FEUERER: Biocentre Klein-Flottbek, Ohnhorststr. 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany; Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80-308 Gdansk, Poland; [email protected] [email protected]

Peter SCHOLTZ: Paetzstraße 37, D-04435 Schkeuditz, Germany; [email protected] Spain

Ana MILLANES: Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Departmento de Biología y Geología, E- Hungary 28933 Mostoles, Madrid, Spain; [email protected] Edit FARKAS: Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Hungary; Sweden [email protected] Lars ARVIDSSON: Park- och naturförvaltningen, Åvägen 17E, Box 177, 401 22 Göteborg, Nora VARGA: Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Sweden; [email protected] Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Hungary; Institute of Ecology and Ulf LARSSON: Lotsgatan 5a, SE-414 58 Göteborg, Sweden; [email protected] Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmány u. 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary; [email protected] Håkan LÄTTMAN: Rydsvägen 396A, SE-584 39 Linköping; [email protected]

Ingvar KÄRNEFELT: Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Lithuania Sweden; [email protected]

OTIEJUNAITE Jurga M : Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų ežerų 49, LT-08406 Vilnius, Maria PRIETO: Deptartment of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, Lithuania; [email protected] SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected]

RIGODINA UKOSIENE Ingrida P -L : Deaprtment of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Arne THELL: Botanical Museum, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K.Čiurlionio str. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected] Staffan WALL: Gibraltargatan 44, SE-41248 Göteborg, Sweden; [email protected]

24 25 24 IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF ERIC ACHARIUS

Mats WEDIN: Deptartment of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE- 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected]

Martin WESTBERG: Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm; [email protected]

United Kingdom

Mark R. D. SEAWARD: Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom; [email protected]

26 Mats WEDIN: Deptartment of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE- 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected]

Martin WESTBERG: Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm; [email protected]

United Kingdom

Mark R. D. SEAWARD: Department of Archaeological, Geographical & Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom; [email protected]

26 Printed by Media-Tryck, Lund 2013 Lund Media-Tryck, by Printed

Erik Acharius’s home in Vadstena 1810–1819.

LUNDS UNIVERSITET www.biomus.lu.se Box 117 ISBN: 978-91-7473-514-7 221 00 Lund Tel 046-222 00 00 www.lu.se