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UNITE-D STATESJPATBNT Omen .V .' Patented Sept. 11,1934 1,973,428 UNITE-D STATESJPATBNT omen .v ’ 1,973,428 ; CEMEN'I'ED man ommn'm'raamn Gregory J. Comstock, Edgcwoorl, Pa. assignor'to ~: ' ' ' , Firth-Sterling Steel CompanmMcKeeeport, 2a., , a corporation of Pennsylvania Y . ‘ ' ' No Drawing. Application November 8,‘ 1932, Serial No. 641,762 r .' 3 Claims. (ems-1‘) cold-press, method or the hot-ypress' method. In , . This invention relates generally to hard- ce-f the cold-press method thefmixtureis compacted " mented carbide materials made by a cementing into 'a billet under relatively ‘high'pressure, for -' ‘ or sintering process, and more ‘particularly to example 10,000#/sq.~ in.v and is then preferably such materials containing tungsten carbide, tan:- ,. given'a ‘preliminary sinter at about _1600°‘>-F. ‘of 5 talum carbide, titanium carbide and an auxiliary , It is cooled and :reshaped'and then given a ?nal, I , ‘ I metal, or alloy- such as cobalt, iron or nickel. sinter at a temperature of between ‘2600 and‘ Hard cemented carbide materials containing 32009.- E, . 7' . ~ - _ tungsten carbide and iron, cobalt. or nickel are The material may be made according to the ’ now known and have been described in hot-press method in which the heat ‘and pressure 65 10 Schroeter Patent No. 1,549,615. ‘ ' ‘ ' ' - ‘I ' are applied simultaneously. We’ preter in the ' In my application, Serial No. ‘512,917, filed hot-press, method to use. ‘a temperature‘ of about . November 4, 1931, there isdescribed a hard. 3200° F. and a pressure of about 140o#/sq. in'. cemented carbidematerial containing tungsten and.‘ to carry out the sintering‘for, about ?ve _ carbide, tantalum carbide and cobalt, nickel or minutes‘ at thisftemperature. Other‘ tempera- ‘l0 iron. This composition exhibits less wear when tures andpressures may, however, be used satis ' l5' used as'a tool for cutting steels than the compo-. factorily according to the particular ‘composition. sition’ of the Schroeter Patent. It has a lower The percentages of tungsten carbide, tantalum heat conductivity and has less tendency to form carbide‘, titanium carbide and auxiliary metal ' the detrimental chip cavity behind the cutting may be varied within wide limits and still pro- 75 edge of the tool thanv the Schroeter material. 20 duce satisfactory results. The tungsten carbide , <1 It also‘has been proposed to-use a mixture of may vary between 35 and 80% by weight of the tungsten carbide,‘ titanium carbide, and an auxil entire mixture, but it is preferably between 50 iary metal. Although this composition, likethe and 70%. The tantalum carbide may vary be composition described in my application Serial tween 5 and 45%, but preferably is between 10 80 bio. 572,977, exhibits reduced wear and has alow and 35%. The titanium carbide may vary be 25 er heat conductivity then the Schroeter com . tween .5 and 30% and preferably between 3 and tungsten carbide and cobalt, 20%.‘ The auxiliary metal, preferably cobalt, the composition containing tungsten carbide, ti-. may vary ‘between 1 and 30% and is usually tanium carbide and cobalt is more brittle and maintained between 5 and 15%. the commercial product has a tendency to exhib A composition which I have found to exhibit 3.0 it free graphite which reduces the hardness and very superior properties contains: tungsten car strength of the material.‘ bide 57.96%, tantalum carbide 24.84%, titanium I have found that a superior compositioncan carbide 10%, cobalt, iron or nickel 7.20%. , be made by cementing a mixture of tungsten The tungsten carbide generally is used in 90 carbide, tantalum carbide, titanium carbide and, 3 greater proportion than either the tantalum car an auxiliary metal such as cobalt, iron or nickel. bide or the titanium carbide, and the tantalum This composition has a lower heat conductivity carbide is generally used in higher proportions‘ and a?’ords a further resistance, to wear and to thanv the titanium carbide. Furthermore, the the formation of chip cavity when used as a titanium carbide usually increases with the 95 tool material, as compared with any of the other 40 amount of auxiliary metal. compositions referred to. These properties are It is to be understood that one or more aux- - obtained at little or no increase in the brittleness iliary metals may be used in place of a single oi the composition and in some cases produces a toughening effect. In addition, the composition auxiliary metal. The term “auxiliary metal” is 1101 produces/a bright, smooth out on the material used in a broad sense to cover not only the metal _ being mac :-. i ‘I N. when it is employed 'inthe' high per se, but also alloys formed between the aux iliary metals themselves when more than one speedmac t of steel. ' ' \ ' in carrying out the invention, tungsten car auxiliary metal is used or between an auxiliary bide, tantalum carbide, titanium carbide and metal and the hard metal carbide vor carbides. m 50 either cobalt, iron or nickel or I a mixture‘ of I have described the present preferred em these auxiliary metals, but preferably cobalt, are, bodiment of my_invention. It is to be under ‘ mixed together by milling them in a ball mill vstood; however, that the invention may be other accordance with the usual process in prep the scope of the following ?nely divided materials for sintering. This mix wise embodied wi 55 ture may be sintercd or cemented by either the claims. - ' . v2 1,973,529 ' I claim: ‘ ' g ' to 35% tantalum carbide, and about 3 to 20% 1. A hardicemented carbide material contain ,titanium carbide, the remainder consisting es ing about 35 to 80% tungsten, carbide, about 5 sentially of an auxiliary metal of the group con to 45% tantalum carbide,-and about .5 to 30% sisting of cobalt, iron ‘and nickel in the range of 5 titanium carbide, the remainder consisting es about 5 to 15%. _ , ‘ 80 sentially of an auxiliary metal of the group con 3. A hard cemented carbide material contain sisting of cobalt, iron and nickel in the range ing about 58% tungsten carbide, about 25% tan of about 1 to 30%, the proportion of tungsten talum carbide, about 10% titanium carbide, and carbide being greater than either the tantalum ‘g about 7% of an auxiliary metal of the group 10 carbide or titanium carbide. vconsisting of cobalt, nickel and iron. 85 2. A hard ‘cemented carbide material contain ing about 50 to 70% tungsten carbide, about 10 GREGORY J. COMSTOCK. 15 I20 95 25 100 ‘so 105 110 1 15 120 125 55 130 135 140 70 145 150 .
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