Issues for Promoting Ecotourism in Laos
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Adventure Travel Appealing
Adventure travel appealing http://www.chilliwacktimes.com/story_print.html?id=4223527... Adventure travel appealing THE TIMES FEBRUARY 4, 2011 Adventure travel is a type of tourism, involving exploration or travel to remote, exotic and possibly hostile areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity, as tourists seek different kinds of vacations. The widespread appeal of adventure travel television programs such as The Amazing Race and Mantracker, have also inspired many Canadians to spread their travelling wings beyond the all-inclusives. According to the U.S. based Adventure Travel Trade Association, adventure travel may be any tourist activity, including two of the following three components: a physical activity, a cultural exchange or interaction and engagement with nature. Adventure tourism gains much of its excitement by allowing travellers to step outside of their comfort zone. This may be from experiencing culture shock or through the performance of acts, that require significant effort and involve some degree of risk (real or perceived) and/or physical danger. This may include activities such as mountaineering, trekking, bungee jumping, mountain biking, rafting, zip-lining and rock climbing. Some obscure forms of adventure travel include disaster and ghetto tourism. Other rising forms of adventure travel include social and jungle tourism. Access to inexpensive consumer technology, with respect to Global Positioning Systems, flashpacking, social networking and photography, have increased the worldwide interest in adventure travel. The interest in independent adventure travel has also increased as more specialist travel websites emerge offering previously niche locations and sports. Adventure travel, tours and vacation packages deliver experiences such as trekking in Peru, backpacking in Costa Rica, taking a safari in Kenya or exploring the pyramids of Egypt. -
Dhhm/Bhhm 05
1987 DHHM/BHHM 05 VARADHAMAN MAHAVEER OPEN UNIVERSITY, KOTA Contemporary Hospitality Industry & Hospitality Law DHHM/BHHM 05 Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University, 1987 Kota CONTENTS BHHM-15 Unit No. Name of Unit Page No. Unit 1 Introduction to Hospitality 1 Understand the current structure of the hospitality 15 Unit 2 industry Unit 3 Growth of hospitality Industry 32 Unit 4 Positive and negative impact of Hospitality Industry 45 Unit 5 Domestic and international tourism 59 Unit 6 Hospitality and Tourist Product 74 Unit 7 Tourist Attractions 86 Unit 8 Introduction to Law & Legal Sources 105 Unit 9 Law of Contract 122 Unit 10 Hotel Restaurant Licenses 147 Unit 11 Adulterant 162 Unit 12 Consumer Protection Act 1986 179 Unit 13 Contract of Insurance & Hotel Insurance 201 Unit 14 Labour Laws 216 Unit 15 Pollution Control Act, 231 Unit 16 Sale of Goods 241 Course Development Committee Chairman Prof. Vinay Kumar Pathak Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University, Kota Convener and Members Convener Prof. H.B.Nandwana Director SOCE, Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University, Kota Members: - 1. Mr. Virender Singh Yadav, IHM Jaipur 2. Dr.J.L.Saha , IHM, Gwalior 3. Dr.Lovkesh Srivastava ,CIHM Jaipur 4. Mr. Ravi Puri, IHMCS Jaipur 5. Ms Anjali Saxena, Guest Faculty (F&N) V.M.O.U,Kota Editing and Course Writing Editor Mr A.K.Srivastava – Rtd Principal, Govt Institute of Hotel Management, Jaipur Chairman – Institute of Hotel Management & Culinary Studies, Jaipur Unit Writers Ms. Megha Modi (Unit 1, 2, 7,14) Dr Girish Nandani (Unit 3) Sr Lecturer Institute of Hotel Management & Senior lecturer, School of Hotel Culinary Studies Jaipur Management, Babu Banarsi Das University, Lucknow Dr Lovkesh Srivastava (Unit 4, 8, 10, 13,15,16) Mrs Anjali Saxena (Unit 11) Director, Cambay Institute of Hospitality Management Guest Faculty, VMOU, Kota Jaipur Dr Ruchika Batla (Unit 5, 6) Mr Yogesh Sharma(Unit 9,12) PDF, VMOU, Kota Asco. -
Lao Pdr Tourism Recovery Roadmap
TOURISM RECOVERY ROADMAP LAO PDR Short, medium and long term priorities POINTS TO BE COVERED 1. Assignment Objectives 2. Tourism in Lao PDR: 2019, 2020 3. Pandemic Related Challenges for the Tourism Sector 4. Strategy Considerations for Lao PDR 5. Proposed Priorities and Actions for Recovery 2 1. ASSIGNMENT OBJECTIVES SCOPE OF WORK 1. Update data on the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism sector 2. Identify interventions for MOICT to help tourism recover (domestic tourism, travel bubble, green and sustainable tourism) 3. Identify priorities, actions, responsibilities for implementation, based on case studies in other countries LIMITATIONS 1. 16 days starting mid November, to be completed by end December 2. Deskbased driven 3 2. TOURISM IN LAO PDR 2019 1. Tourism contribution: 9.1% to the Lao economy & 300,000 jobs 2. Source of foreign exchange earnings: tourism in 3rd place 3. Tourism arrivals: 4.79 million (Thailand 45% - China 21.3% - Viet Nam 19.3% - Republic of Korea 4.2%) 4. Domestic tourism: 2.3 million 5. Tourism promotion budget: US$ 200,000 (US$ 0.04 per international arrival) Then came 2020 ….. 4 2. TOURISM IN LAO PDR ct’d 2020 closures, lay-offs, income decline % change from Impact of COVID- Source Impact area Jan - Sep ‘19 to 19* market Jan - Sep ‘20 International arrivals -74% Thailand -77% Revenue - restaurants, -72% to -81% China -47% accommodation, tours, attractions Viet Nam -73% Income decline (75% of MSMEs) -41% to -60% Republic of -70% Cash flow reserves (55% of SMEs) 5 months Korea Staff measures** : leave without pay 30 - 60% of staff reduced pay 10 - 30% of wages laid off Up to 75% of staff • Reference period varies for the different Domestic tourists in accommodation -33% impact areas (Jan - Mar 2020, Jan - Sep 2020, Jun - Jul 2020) International tourists in -82% accommodation ** Sector specific measures as per report table 4 5 3. -
V-4 Tourism Industry Development Plan
PLANET CPC – JICA V-4 TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT PLAN V-4.1 Present Condition of Tourism in SKR 1) Tourism Resources and Products The major interest for tourists visiting Lao PDR are (i) nature, (ii) local life observation, and (iii) culture, which differ from tourism observed in ordinal tourism destinations. 1 It means that Lao PDR is an eco-tourism destination for international tourists, in lieu of ordinal sightseeing tourism. The major tourism resources in Lao PDR are (i) Vientiane, (ii) City of Louang Prabang which is a World Heritage site with old Lao style buildings and temples, (iii) Jar highland with Jar pots, (iv) Wat Phu Kmer heritage which is a candidate for the World Heritage, and (v) Boloben plateau in Champassak province. More than 50 % of the tourists visited Louang Prabang, and 15 % visited Jar highland and Champassak Province. Savannakhet and Khammouan provinces, receiving approximately 3-4 % of the tourists as shown in Figure V4-1, are not the major destinations for international tourists. Popular Destination for International Tourist in Laos (%) (duplicated answer) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jar Bakeo Huapanh Vientiane Xayabouli Champassak KhammouanBolikhamxay Luang Namtha Savannakkhet Louang Prabang Source: Statistical Report on Tourism in Laos, 1998 Figure V4-1 Tourist Arrival by Destination in Lao PDR The major tourism destinations in SKR are listed below, and their distribution is illustrated in Figure V4-2. 1 Statistical report on Tourism in Laos, 1998 reported that international tourists show main interest in 1) Nature (72%), 2) People (54%), 3) Culture (35%), etc. -
2009 Statistical Report on Tourism in Laos
Visit Laos Year 2012 2009 Statistical Report on Tourism in Laos ºö¤¡¾-êȺ¤-êȼ¸-Á¹È¤-§¾© Lao National Tourism Administration Planning and Cooperation Department Statistics Unit ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Lao National Tourism Administration (LNTA) publishes annually, statistics relating to tourist arrivals, foreign exchange earnings from tourism, tourist expenditures, the average length of stay of tourists in Laos as well as an accommodations profile. The purpose of this Statistical Report on Tourism is to provide the public with clear information on a rapidly expanding sector of the Lao economy. The LNTA would like to take this opportunity to express its gratitude to the following agencies: Provincial Tourism Departments / Offices, The Lao Immigration Department, Wattay International Airport Authority, Lao travel agents and hotels for their cooperation as well as their valuable assistance in the processing of statistical data and conducting statistical surveys. On behalf of the LNTA, I hope that the 2009 Statistical Report on Tourism in Lao PDR will be useful and beneficial to all of you. Somphong Mongkhonvilay Minister, Chairman of the Lao National Tourism Administration Source of data: Lao National Tourism Administration Table of Contents Page Background Information 1 Statistical Data Part I : Visitor Arrival Statistics 2009 5 Table 1: Number of Tourist Arrivals, Revenue from Tourism, and Average Length of Stay, 1990-2009. 5 Table 2: Number of Tourist Arrivals by Region, 1992-2009. 6 Table 3: Number of Tourist Arrivals to Laos by Category 2008-2009. 7 Table 4: Revenue from Tourism by Category, 2009. 7 Table 5: Tourist Arrivals to Laos by Nationality (Percent Increase) 2003-2009. -
Tourism Sector in the Greater Mekong Subregion
Evaluation Study Reference Number: SAP: REG 2008-58 Sector Assistance Program Evaluation December 2008 Tourism Sector in the Greater Mekong Subregion Operations Evaluation Department ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations CBT – community-based tourism GDP – gross domestic product GMS – Greater Mekong Subregion GMS-SF – Greater Mekong Subregion Strategic Framework GZAR – Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Lao PDR – Lao People’s Democratic Republic MTCO – Mekong Tourism Coordination Office MTDP – Mekong Tourism Development Project NTO – national tourism organization PRC – People’s Republic of China RCAPE – regional cooperation assistance program evaluation RCSP – Regional Cooperation Strategy and Program RTSS – regional tourism sector strategy SAPE – sector assistance program evaluation TA – technical assistance TWG – Tourism Working Group UNESCAP – United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNWTO – United Nations World Tourism Organization NOTE In this report, “$” refers to US dollars. Key Words adb, asian development bank, cambodia, development effectiveness, greater mekong subregion, guangxi zhuang autonomous region, infrastructure, lao people’s democratic republic, people’s republic of china, laos, myanmar, performance evaluation, tourism, tourism development, thailand, tourism marketing, viet nam, yunnan province Director General H. S. Rao, Operations Evaluation Department (OED) Director H. Hettige, Operations Evaluation Division 2, OED Team leader M. Gatti, Senior Evaluation Specialist, Operations Evaluation Division 2, OED Team members F. De Guzman, Evaluation Officer, Operations Evaluation Division 2, OED C. Roldan, Senior Operations Evaluation Assistant, Operations Evaluation Division 2, OED I. Garganta, Operations Evaluation Assistant, Operations Evaluation Division 2, OED Operations Evaluation Department, SE-13 CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i MAP x I. -
Travel Motives of Adventure Tourists: a Case Study of Magoebaskloof Adventures
TRAVEL MOTIVES OF ADVENTURE TOURISTS: A CASE STUDY OF MAGOEBASKLOOF ADVENTURES H. TERBLANCHE B.A. (Hons) 20306458 Thesis submitted for the degree Masters in Tourism Management at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University Supervisor: Prof Dr. P van der Merwe Mei 2012 Travel motives of adventure tourists: A case study of Magoebaskloof Adventure H. TERBLANCHE HONOURS B.A. Supervisor: Prof.Dr. P. van der Merwe 2011 Potchefstroom Financial assistance from the North-West University (Potchefstroom campus) and the National Research Foundation is acknowledged. Statements and suggestions in this dissertation are those of the author and should not be regarded as those of the North-West University, Potchefstroom campus. Acknowledgements My grateful thanks to the following: • Our Heavenly Father for giving me the strength, persistence and power to complete my studies. • Prof. Doctor Peet van der Merwe my supervisor and mentor. Without his support and guidance it wouldnot have come this far. Thank you for your support. • The Tourism programme at the North West University Potchefstroom Campus for all the help with finding information. • My mother and father for always being there supporting and encouraging me along the way. • Annatjie Woodrow for the emotional support and prayers. • All my friends that supported and encouraged me throughout my studies. • Dr.WilmaBreytenbach for her assistance with the statistical analysis. • Malcolm Ellis for the grammar editing of this thesis. • Prof Casper Lessing for the assistance with the bibliography. • Dr. Amanda van der Merwe for translating the summary in Afrikaans. • Magoebaskloof Adventures for their assistance and support with the survey. ii Abstract TRAVEL MOTIVES OF ADVENTURE TOURISTS: A CASE STUDY OF MAGOEBASKLOOF ADVENTURES Adventure tourism involves travel and leisure activities pursued with the expectation that they will produce a rewarding, adventurous experience. -
Tourism in Southeast Asia
and parnwell hitchcock, king Tourism is one of the major forces for economic, social and cultural change in the Southeast Asian region and, as a complex multidimensional phenomenon, has attracted increasing scholarly attention during the past TOURISM two decades from researchers from a broad range of disciplines – not least anthropology, sociology, economics, political science, history, development IN SOUTHEAST ASIA studies and business/management. It has also commanded the attention of challenges and new directions policy-makers, planners and development practitioners. However, what has been lacking for many years is a volume that analyses tourism from the major disciplinary perspectives, considers major substantive themes of particular significance in the region (cultural IN TOURISM tourism, ecotourism, romance/sex tourism, etc.), and pays attention to such important conceptual issues as the interaction between local and global, the role of the state in identity formation, authenticity, the creation of ‘tradition’, and sustainability. Such a thorough analysis is offered by Tourism in Southeast Asia, which provides an up-to-date exploration of the state of tourism development and associated issues in one of the world’s most dynamic tourism destinations. The volume takes a close look at many of the challenges facing Southeast Asian tourism at a critical stage of transition and transformation, and following a recent series of crises and disasters. Building on and advancing the path-breaking Tourism in South-East ASIA SOUTHEAST Asia, produced by the same editors in 1993, it adopts a multidisciplinary approach and includes contributions from some of the leading researchers on tourism in Southeast Asia, presenting a number of fresh perspectives. -
TOURISM INSIGHTS 2020 a SNAPSHOT of EMPLOYMENT and SKILLS in the TOURISM and HOSPITALITY SECTOR in LAO PDR Information for Job Seekers
SKILLS FOR TOURISM PROJECT • LAO/029 TOURISM INSIGHTS 2020 A SNAPSHOT OF EMPLOYMENT AND SKILLS IN THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY SECTOR IN LAO PDR Information for Job Seekers 2019 TOURISM IN VISITOR NUMBERS In 2019, international tourist arrivals reached AND REVENUE million an all-time high million Overseas visitors International Average stay $935 tourism for all tourists 4.8 +14.4% +15.2% receipts on 2018 HIGHS on 2018 Think Tourism Tourism Jobs Tourism has long been one In 2018 tourism in Lao PDR supported around 54,000 jobs, of the strongest sectors in about 63% of which are done by women. Tourism jobs are Lao PDR. concentrated in urban areas but also widely available around the country in a range of businesses. Tourism employs In 2019 it was predicted people of all ages, abilities and skill sets. that by 2025 there will be 5.8 million international tourist arrivals, generating USD$1.21 billion in revenue. This is good news for young people deciding on jobs and career pathways – more tourists will create more job Tourism and opportunities. Working in tourism is a great way to learn hospitality skills, meet interesting people, try different jobs and have employment in 2018 opportunities to travel. by province Impact of COVID-19 The downturn in tourism caused by COVID-19 impacted every tourism business in the country. Some have closed temporarily and it is reported that around one-third of There is always a jobs in the sector were shed. Once travel restrictions ease, shortage of qualified personnel to fill international travellers will return and the tourism sector will the wide variety of jobs in the tourism recover. -
THE IVORY TRADE of LAOS: NOW the FASTEST GROWING in the WORLD LUCY VIGNE and ESMOND MARTIN
THE IVORY TRADE OF LAOS: NOW THE FASTEST GROWING IN THE WORLD LUCY VIGNE and ESMOND MARTIN THE IVORY TRADE OF LAOS: NOW THE FASTEST GROWING IN THE WORLD LUCY VIGNE and ESMOND MARTIN SAVE THE ELEPHANTS PO Box 54667 Nairobi 00200 သࠥ ⦄ Kenya 2017 © Lucy Vigne and Esmond Martin, 2017 All rights reserved ISBN 978-9966-107-83-1 Front cover: In Laos, the capital Vientiane had the largest number of ivory items for sale. Title page: These pendants are typical of items preferred by Chinese buyers of ivory in Laos. Back cover: Vendors selling ivory in Laos usually did not appreciate the displays in their shops being photographed. Photographs: Lucy Vigne: Front cover, title page, pages 6, 8–23, 26–54, 56–68, 71–77, 80, back cover Esmond Martin: Page 24 Anonymous: Page 25 Published by: Save the Elephants, PO Box 54667, Nairobi 00200, Kenya Contents 07 Executive summary 09 Introduction to the ivory trade in Laos 09 History 11 Background 13 Legislation 15 Economy 17 Past studies 19 Methodology for fieldwork in late 2016 21 Results of the survey 21 Sources and wholesale prices of raw ivory in 2016 27 Ivory carving in 2016 33 Retail outlets selling worked ivory in late 2016 33 Vientiane 33 History and background 34 Retail outlets, ivory items for sale and prices 37 Customers and vendors 41 Dansavanh Nam Ngum Resort 41 History and background 42 Retail outlets, ivory items for sale and prices 43 Customers and vendors 44 Savannakhet 45 Ivory in Pakse 47 Luang Prabang 47 History and background 48 Retail outlets, ivory items for sale and prices 50 Customers -
The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism Enterprises in the Lao People’S Democratic Republic
NO. 141 JUNE 2020 ADB BRIEFS KEY POINTS The Impact of COVID-19 • Before the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism was rapidly growing in the Lao People’s on Tourism Enterprises in Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). However, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: measures implemented to 1 contain the pandemic are An Initial Assessment expected to severely affect the tourism sector. • This brief draws on findings from two rounds of tourism enterprise surveys in four of IntrodUCTION the Lao PDR’s major tourism destinations in August 2019 and May 2020. Before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, travel and tourism contributed 10.4% to global gross domestic product (GDP) and supported 319 million jobs • Half of the surveyed (World Travel and Tourism Council [WTTC] 2019). International tourist arrivals enterprises were temporarily reached 1.5 billion in 2019, and the United Nations World Tourism Organization closed in May 2020. About 78% of enterprises were (UNWTO) forecasted that international arrivals would grow by 3%–4% in 2020 closed in Louangphabang, (UNWTO 2020a). Arrivals in the Asia and Pacific region were expected to grow a popular UNESCO World by 5%–6% in 2020. If managed well, this rapid expansion of tourism was expected Heritage destination. to contribute to poverty reduction and inclusive growth (Chok, Macbeth, and About 70% of the surveyed Warren 2007; Mitchell and Ashley 2009; ADB 2017). enterprises had reduced employees, with employee Since March 2020, COVID-19 has paralyzed tourism as countries closed their borders, numbers falling by 38%. suspended commercial aviation, restricted domestic travel, and implemented physical • The negative impact was distancing measures. -
Does Travelling Foster International Trade?
Does travelling foster international trade? A panel data analysis covering the EU15 countries and their trading partners LUND UNIVERSITY - DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS Author: Andreas Rosén Björkhage Tutor: Maria Persson. Abstract The world´s total expenditures regarding leisure travelling and related expenditures corresponded to approximately 3000 billions USD in 2010. This substantial value makes the travelling industry and related markets important in an economic aspect. Data posted by the WTO states that between the years of 1995-2005 the world’s amount of tourism arrivals increased by approximately 50 %, and additionally UNWTO predicts that this progression is likely to continue. This implies that there are good reasons to analyse the economic impacts of travelling in a global context. This thesis aims to uncover if international travelling fosters international trade by analysing if the amount of tourism arrivals in a country has a positive effect on the country´s value of exports going to the EU15 countries. The time period covered is the years between 1995-2011. Previous research shows that the causality running from travelling to trade could be one or two-way, which means that our regression models are likely subjected to complications related to endogeneity. We attempt to solve this by using two different variables in order to capture travelling frequency. First we regress with respect to the amount of tourism arrivals, and additionally with respect to an instrumental variable consisting of the amount of World Heritage Sites. Our results show that the amount of tourism arrivals has a positive effect of the value of bilateral trade, while the instrumental variable does not have a significant effect.