Two-Photon Fluorescence Excitation and Related Techniques in Biological
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Applications of Laser Spectroscopy Constitute a Vast Field, Which Is Difficult to Spectroscopy Cover Comprehensively in a Review
LASERS & OPTICS 151 many cases non-destructively. A variety of beam manipulation schemes are avail able for the irradiation of samples either directly or after preparation. The unique properties of laser radiation in terms of coherence, intensity and directionality permit remote chemical sensing, where the analytical equipment and the sample are separated by large distances, even of several kilometres. Absorption, and in particular differential absorption, can be utilised in long-path measurements, whereas elastic and inelastic backscatter- ing as well as fluorescence can be used for range-resolved radar-like measure ments (LIDAR: light detection and rang ing). Laser light can also be efficiently transported in optical fibres to remotely located measurement sites. Various prop erties of the fibre itself influence the laser light propagating through the fibre, thus Applications of Laser forming a basis for fibre optic sensors. Applications of laser spectroscopy constitute a vast field, which is difficult to Spectroscopy cover comprehensively in a review. Rather than attempting such a review, examples from a variety of fields are cho Costas Fotakis sen for illustrating the power of applied University of Crete, Greece laser spectroscopy. Sune Svanberg Lund Institute of Technology, Sweden Applications in Analytical Chemistry Laser spectroscopy is making a major impact in many traditional fields of ana As the new millennium approaches the Above The Italian research vessel Urania, carrying a lytical spectroscopy. For instance, opto- know how in the field of laser-matter Swedish laser radar system, which has sailed under the galvanic spectroscopy on analytical smoky plumes of Sicilian volcanos in Italy measuring the interactions has matured to the stage of sulphur dioxide content flames increases the sensitivity of enabling several exciting real life applica absorption and emission flame spec tions. -
Two-Photon Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy
P1: FhN/ftt P2: FhN July 10, 2000 11:18 Annual Reviews AR106-15 Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 2000. 02:399–429 Copyright c 2000 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved TWO-PHOTON EXCITATION FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY PeterT.C.So1,ChenY.Dong1, Barry R. Masters2, and Keith M. Berland3 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 3Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Key Words multiphoton, fluorescence spectroscopy, single molecule, functional imaging, tissue imaging ■ Abstract Two-photon fluorescence microscopy is one of the most important re- cent inventions in biological imaging. This technology enables noninvasive study of biological specimens in three dimensions with submicrometer resolution. Two-photon excitation of fluorophores results from the simultaneous absorption of two photons. This excitation process has a number of unique advantages, such as reduced specimen photodamage and enhanced penetration depth. It also produces higher-contrast im- ages and is a novel method to trigger localized photochemical reactions. Two-photon microscopy continues to find an increasing number of applications in biology and medicine. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................ 400 HISTORICAL REVIEW OF TWO-PHOTON MICROSCOPY TECHNOLOGY ...401 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TWO-PHOTON MICROSCOPY ..................402 Physical Basis for Two-Photon Excitation ............................ -
American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Abstracts 1 AMERICAN SOCIETY for LASER MEDICINE and SURGERY
American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Abstracts 1 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR LASER MEDICINE AND SURGERY ABSTRACTS Conclusion: These initial data suggest that AFxL pre-treatment CUTANEOUS LASER is likely to enhance the uptake of IngMeb in the skin. This might enable treatment of hyperkeratotic lesions as well as increase SURGERY overall efficacy when treating AK’s with IngMeb. #2 #1 SPLIT FACE COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF FRACTIONAL LASER-MEDIATED DELIVERY OF VITAMIN CE FERULIC FORMULA SERUM TO INGENOL MEBUTATE - PRELIMINARY RESULTS DECREASE POST-OPERATIVE RECOVERY AND FROM AN IN VITRO FRANZ CELL STUDY INCREASE NEOCOLLAGENOSIS IN FRACTIONAL Andre´s M. Erlendsson, Elisabeth H. Taudorf, ABLATIVE LASER RESURFACING FOR Andre´ H. Eriksson, John R. Zibert, Uwe Paasch, PHOTODAMAGE R. Rox Anderson, Merete Haedersdal Jill Waibel, Adam Wulkan Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Miami Dermatology & Laser Institution, Miami, FL; Denmark; LEO Pharma A/S, Ballerup, Denmark; University of Miami University, Miami, FL Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Background: New fractional ablative laser skin resurfacing is Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, associated with shorter periods of recovery time in comparison Boston, MA with older ablative technology. However one deterrent is the Background: Ingenol Mebutate gel (IngMeb) is a new FDA seven days of downtime associated with the procedure. Previous approved field directed treatment against Actinic Keratosis (AK). studies have shown that application of vitamin C, E and ferulic A recent study on clinically typical AK’s showed complete acid improves wound healing and promotes the induction of clearance rates of 34% for trunk and extremities, and 42% for face collagen. -
Footprints in Laser Medicine and Surgery: Beginnings, Present, and Future
Review Article Med Laser 2017;6(1):1-4 Review Article https://doi.org/10.25289/ML.2017.6.1.1 pISSN 2287-8300ㆍeISSN 2288-0224 Footprints in Laser Medicine and Surgery: Beginnings, Present, and Future Ki Uk Song Light-based science and technology has been evolving throughout history. One of the most significant advances in light-based science and technology is the laser. Early in its development, the laser offered Brighlans, Inc., Manila, Philippines physically unique and attractive characteristics with much potential to solve the conditions of medicine and surgery, opening many gateways for laser applicability through research by renowned physicians. In collaboration with physicians, the medical industry has continued to develop better and more efficient technological advancements. The laser has now become one of the most advanced medical solutions for a variety clinical cases. Moreover, there are some procedures for which the laser is now mandatory. Despite many challenges that still lie ahead, practitioners and patients alike are thrilled to see even more exciting progress in the fast-expanding field of laser medicine and surgery. Key words Laser; History; Selective photothermolysis; Scanning technology; Fractionated laser Received May 12, 2017 Revised June 6, 2017 Accepted June 6, 2017 Correspondence Ki Uk Song Brighlans, Inc., Heritage Tower, #1851 Vasquez Street, Malate, Manila, Philippines Tel.: +63-2-521-0441 Fax: +63-2-521-0441 E-mail: [email protected] C Korean Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery CC This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non- Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non- commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Evaluation of Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy for Identifying Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Human Skin
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 45:496–502 (2013) Evaluation of Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy for Identifying Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Human Skin 1,2 1 1 1,3 4 Richa Mittal, MS, Mihaela Balu, PhD, Tatiana Krasieva, PhD, Eric O. Potma, PhD, Laila Elkeeb, MD, 4 1Ã Christopher B. Zachary, MBBS, FRCP, and Petra Wilder-Smith, DDS, PhD 1Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, California 92612 2Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 3Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 4Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 Background and Significance: There is a need to uncontrolled growth of epithelial keratinocytes. It is develop non-invasive diagnostic tools to achieve early and estimated that 700,000 cases of SCC are diagnosed accurate detection of skin cancer in a non-surgical manner. annually in the US, resulting in approximately 2,500 In this study, we evaluate the capability of stimulated deaths [2,3]. Although most of the non-melanoma skin Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, a potentially non- cancer cases can be cured, rising incidence and local invasive optical imaging technique, for identifying the invasiveness constitute an important clinical challenge. pathological features of s squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) Today, non-melanoma skin cancer is diagnosed by visual tissue. inspection followed by invasive skin biopsy and histopath- Study design: We studied ex vivo SCC and healthy skin logical examination. Patients with SCC are at an increased tissues using SRS microscopy, and compared the SRS risk of future SCC tumor development, especially in the contrast with the contrast obtained in reflectance confocal same location or surrounding tissue. -
Confocal Microscopy
Confocal microscopy Chapter in Handbook of Comprehensive Biophysics ( in press 2011) Elsevier Brad Amos MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH UK e-mail [email protected] Gail McConnell University of Strathclyde , Centre for Biophotonics 161 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G4 0RE UK [email protected] Tony Wilson Dept. of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK. eMail: [email protected] 1 Introduction A confocal microscope is one in which the illumination is confined to a small volume in the specimen, the detection is confined to the same volume and the image is built up by scanning this volume over the specimen, either by moving the beam of light over the specimen or by displacing the specimen relative to a stationary beam. The chief advantage of this type of microscope is that it gives a greatly enhanced discrimination of depth relative to conventional microscopes. Commercial systems appeared in the 1980s and, despite their high cost, the world market for them is probably between 500 and 1000 instruments per annum, mainly because of their use in biomedical research in conjunction with fluorescent labelling methods. There are many books and review articles on this subject ( e.g. Pawley ( 2006) , Matsumoto( 2002), Wilson (1990) ). The purpose of this chapter is to provide an introduction to optical and engineering aspects that may be o f interest to biomedical users of confocal microscopy. Flying-spot Microscopes A confocal microscope is a special type of ‘flying spot’ microscope. Flying spot systems were developed in the 1950s by combining conventional microscopes with electronics from TV and military equipment. -
Imaging with Second-Harmonic Generation Nanoparticles
1 Imaging with Second-Harmonic Generation Nanoparticles Thesis by Chia-Lung Hsieh In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2011 (Defended March 16, 2011) ii © 2011 Chia-Lung Hsieh All Rights Reserved iii Publications contained within this thesis: 1. C. L. Hsieh, R. Grange, Y. Pu, and D. Psaltis, "Three-dimensional harmonic holographic microcopy using nanoparticles as probes for cell imaging," Opt. Express 17, 2880–2891 (2009). 2. C. L. Hsieh, R. Grange, Y. Pu, and D. Psaltis, "Bioconjugation of barium titanate nanocrystals with immunoglobulin G antibody for second harmonic radiation imaging probes," Biomaterials 31, 2272–2277 (2010). 3. C. L. Hsieh, Y. Pu, R. Grange, and D. Psaltis, "Second harmonic generation from nanocrystals under linearly and circularly polarized excitations," Opt. Express 18, 11917–11932 (2010). 4. C. L. Hsieh, Y. Pu, R. Grange, and D. Psaltis, "Digital phase conjugation of second harmonic radiation emitted by nanoparticles in turbid media," Opt. Express 18, 12283–12290 (2010). 5. C. L. Hsieh, Y. Pu, R. Grange, G. Laporte, and D. Psaltis, "Imaging through turbid layers by scanning the phase conjugated second harmonic radiation from a nanoparticle," Opt. Express 18, 20723–20731 (2010). iv Acknowledgements During my five-year Ph.D. studies, I have thought a lot about science and life, but I have never thought of the moment of writing the acknowledgements of my thesis. At this moment, after finishing writing six chapters of my thesis, I realize the acknowledgment is probably one of the most difficult parts for me to complete. -
Super-Resolution Imaging by Dielectric Superlenses: Tio2 Metamaterial Superlens Versus Batio3 Superlens
hv photonics Article Super-Resolution Imaging by Dielectric Superlenses: TiO2 Metamaterial Superlens versus BaTiO3 Superlens Rakesh Dhama, Bing Yan, Cristiano Palego and Zengbo Wang * School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 1UT, UK; [email protected] (R.D.); [email protected] (B.Y.); [email protected] (C.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: All-dielectric superlens made from micro and nano particles has emerged as a simple yet effective solution to label-free, super-resolution imaging. High-index BaTiO3 Glass (BTG) mi- crospheres are among the most widely used dielectric superlenses today but could potentially be replaced by a new class of TiO2 metamaterial (meta-TiO2) superlens made of TiO2 nanoparticles. In this work, we designed and fabricated TiO2 metamaterial superlens in full-sphere shape for the first time, which resembles BTG microsphere in terms of the physical shape, size, and effective refractive index. Super-resolution imaging performances were compared using the same sample, lighting, and imaging settings. The results show that TiO2 meta-superlens performs consistently better over BTG superlens in terms of imaging contrast, clarity, field of view, and resolution, which was further supported by theoretical simulation. This opens new possibilities in developing more powerful, robust, and reliable super-resolution lens and imaging systems. Keywords: super-resolution imaging; dielectric superlens; label-free imaging; titanium dioxide Citation: Dhama, R.; Yan, B.; Palego, 1. Introduction C.; Wang, Z. Super-Resolution The optical microscope is the most common imaging tool known for its simple de- Imaging by Dielectric Superlenses: sign, low cost, and great flexibility. -
Application of Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene-Containing Compounds in Bioimaging and Photodyanimc Therapy
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2014 Application of Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene-Containing Compounds in Bioimaging and Photodyanimc Therapy Xiling Yue University of Central Florida Part of the Chemistry Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Yue, Xiling, "Application of Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene-Containing Compounds in Bioimaging and Photodyanimc Therapy" (2014). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 4634. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/4634 APPLICATION OF TWO-PHOTON ABSORBING FLUORENE- CONTAINING COMPOUNDS IN BIOIMAGING AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY by XILING YUE B. S. Fudan University, 2009 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry in the College of Science at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Fall Term 2014 Major Professor: Kevin D. Belfield ABSTRACT Two-photon absorbing (2PA) materials has been widely studied for their highly localized excitation and nonlinear excitation efficiency. Application of 2PA materials includes fluorescence imaging, microfabrication, 3D data storage, photodynamic therapy, etc. Many materials have good 2PA photophysical properties, among which, the fluorenyl structure and its derivatives have attracted attention with their high 2PA cross-section and high fluorescence quantum yield. Herein, several compounds with 2PA properties are discussed. -
Development of Optical Hyperlens for Imaging Below the Diffraction Limit
Development of optical hyperlens for imaging below the diffraction limit Hyesog Lee, Zhaowei Liu, Yi Xiong, Cheng Sun and Xiang Zhang* 5130 Etcheverry Hall, NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 *Corresponding author: [email protected] http://xlab.me.berkeley.edu Abstract: We report here the design, fabrication and characterization of optical hyperlens that can image sub-diffraction-limited objects in the far field. The hyperlens is based on an artificial anisotropic metamaterial with carefully designed hyperbolic dispersion. We successfully designed and fabricated such a metamaterial hyperlens composed of curved silver/alumina multilayers. Experimental results demonstrate far-field imaging with resolution down to 125nm at 365nm working wavelength which is below the diffraction limit. ©2007 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (110 0180) Microscopy; (220.4241) Optical design and fabrication: Nanostructure fabrication References and links 1. E. Abbe, Arch. Mikroskop. Anat. 9, 413 (1873) 2. E. Betzig, J. K. Trautman, T. D. Harris, J. S. Weiner and R. L. Kostelak, “Breaking the diffraction barrier – optical microscopy on a nanometric scale,” Science 251, 1468-1470 (1991) 3. S. W. Hell, “Toward Fluorescence nanoscopy,” Nat. Biotechnol. 21, 1347-1355 (2003) 4. M. G. L. Gustafsson, “Nonlinear structured-illumination microscopy: Wide-field fluorescence imaging with theoretically unlimited resolution,” P. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102, 13081-13086 (2005) 5. J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966-3969 (2000) 6. N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun and X. Zhang, “Sub-Diffraction-Limited Optical Imaging with a Silver Superlens” Science 308, 534-537 (2005) 7. -
Lasers in Skin Cancer Treatment Podcast Audio Transcription
Lasers in Skin Cancer Treatment Podcast Audio Transcription Opening Welcome to Light Talk. A podcast series exclusively for members of the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery. Light Talk supports the mission of ASLMS which is to promote excellence in patient care by advancing biomedical application of lasers and other energy-based technologies world-wide. We hope you enjoy this edition of Light Talk with our host, Dr. Nazanin Saedi. Discussion DR. NAZANIN SAEDI Hi, I’m Nazanin Saedi and I am here today with Dr. Anthony Rossi who is an assistant attending at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Anthony, thank you so much for joining us. DR. ANTHONY M. ROSSI Thanks for having me. DR. SAEDI So, Anthony, can you tell us a little bit about your research in using lasers to treat skin cancers? We often think of surgical options for our skin cancer patients, but how do lasers play a role? DR. ROSSI Sure so, you know, for certain patients who have early skin cancers like early superficial basal cell carcinomas, or squamous cell carcinoma in situ, some of these can be amenable to be treated with lasers instead of your traditional surgical approach. So, it’s really important to understand which ones to select and which ones not to treat. Right? We don’t want to treat very deep invasive, infiltrative basal cell with a very superficial laser because we will be missing the deeper component. But for these early lesions, and for patients who don’t necessarily want to have surgery, treating them with a CO2 laser which is what I have been doing, guided by confocal microscopy can really help us hone in on the areas that are positive and then ablate that tissue and then, which is really important, is follow up with them to make sure they aren’t having any regrowth. -
Development of the Optical Microscope
White Paper Development of the Optical Microscope By Peter Banks Ph.D., Scientific Director, Applications Dept., BioTek Instruments, Inc. Products: Cytation 5 Cell Imaging Multi-Mode Reader An Optical Microscope commonly found in schools and universities all over the world. Table of Contents Ptolemy and Light Refraction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Islamic Polymaths and Optics -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 The First Microscope ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Hook and Micrographia --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Van Leeuwenhoek and Animalcules ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 Abbe Limit -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 Zernicke and Phase Contrast --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Fluorescence Microscopy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Confocal Microscopy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 BioTek Instruments, Inc. Digital Microscopy ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------