Implementation of Federation Protocol for Social Networks
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Seamless Interoperability and Data Portability in the Social Web for Facilitating an Open and Heterogeneous Online Social Network Federation
Seamless Interoperability and Data Portability in the Social Web for Facilitating an Open and Heterogeneous Online Social Network Federation vorgelegt von Dipl.-Inform. Sebastian Jürg Göndör geb. in Duisburg von der Fakultät IV – Elektrotechnik und Informatik der Technischen Universität Berlin zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften - Dr.-Ing. - genehmigte Dissertation Promotionsausschuss: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Thomas Magedanz Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Axel Küpper Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Ulrik Schroeder Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Maurizio Marchese Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 6. Juni 2018 Berlin 2018 iii A Bill of Rights for Users of the Social Web Authored by Joseph Smarr, Marc Canter, Robert Scoble, and Michael Arrington1 September 4, 2007 Preamble: There are already many who support the ideas laid out in this Bill of Rights, but we are actively seeking to grow the roster of those publicly backing the principles and approaches it outlines. That said, this Bill of Rights is not a document “carved in stone” (or written on paper). It is a blog post, and it is intended to spur conversation and debate, which will naturally lead to tweaks of the language. So, let’s get the dialogue going and get as many of the major stakeholders on board as we can! A Bill of Rights for Users of the Social Web We publicly assert that all users of the social web are entitled to certain fundamental rights, specifically: Ownership of their own personal information, including: • their own profile data • the list of people they are connected to • the activity stream of content they create; • Control of whether and how such personal information is shared with others; and • Freedom to grant persistent access to their personal information to trusted external sites. -
Mastodon.Py Documentation Release 1.5.1
Mastodon.py Documentation Release 1.5.1 Lorenz Diener Mar 14, 2020 Contents 1 A note about rate limits 3 2 A note about pagination 5 3 Two notes about IDs 7 3.1 ID unpacking...............................................7 4 Error handling 9 5 A brief note on block lists 11 6 Return values 13 6.1 User dicts................................................. 13 6.2 Toot dicts................................................. 14 6.3 Mention dicts............................................... 15 6.4 Scheduled toot dicts........................................... 15 6.5 Poll dicts................................................. 16 6.6 Conversation dicts............................................ 16 6.7 Hashtag dicts............................................... 16 6.8 Hashtag usage history dicts....................................... 17 6.9 Emoji dicts................................................ 17 6.10 Application dicts............................................. 17 6.11 Relationship dicts............................................ 17 6.12 Filter dicts................................................ 18 6.13 Notification dicts............................................. 18 6.14 Context dicts............................................... 18 6.15 List dicts................................................. 19 6.16 Media dicts................................................ 19 6.17 Card dicts................................................. 20 6.18 Search result dicts............................................ 20 6.19 Instance dicts.............................................. -
Federated Systems
Federated Systems Jeremy Rubin [email protected] December 9, 2015 Abstract Federation is an amazingly powerful tool in a system designer’s tool belt. This work provides a unifying definition for federated. In abbrevia- tion: a system is federated when there are multiple providers of an iden- tical (or nearly identical), interoperable service. The federated paradigm o↵ers much improved fault tolerance, liberty, and privacy over centralized alternatives. The federated paradigm applies to all sorts of systems, from governmental to web services. However, this paradigm seems to be unsus- tainable, either devolving into centralized systems or being outpaced by them. In this paper, I will delve into multiple examples of federated sys- tems, exploring their successes and failures, as well as delving into what caused the decay of these systems. In reflection, I will also provide sev- eral suggestions on how system developers might harden their use of this paradigm. 1 Contents 1 Introduction: 3 2 Defining Federation: 5 2.1 Governmental Federations . 6 2.2 ComputerScience .......................... 8 2.2.1 Simple Sharded Database . 8 2.2.2 Federated Byzantine Agreement . 8 2.2.3 Federated Cryptography . 9 2.3 FederatedIdentity .......................... 9 2.4 TheDefinition ............................ 10 3 Case Studies 11 3.1 E-Mail................................. 12 3.2 Blog.................................. 14 3.3 XMPP................................. 15 3.4 DNS.................................. 16 3.5 Security Assertion Markup Language . 17 3.6 McDonald’s . 18 3.7 Social Networks . 18 3.7.1 Failures in Centralized Social Networks . 18 3.7.2 Hope in Federation? . 20 4 Conclusion 21 4.1 The Federated System Designer’s Handbook . -
Challenges in the Decentralised Web: the Mastodon Case∗
Challenges in the Decentralised Web: The Mastodon Case∗ Aravindh Raman1, Sagar Joglekar1, Emiliano De Cristofaro2;3, Nishanth Sastry1, and Gareth Tyson3;4 1King’s College London, 2University College London, 3Alan Turing Institute, 4Queen Mary University of London faravindh.raman,sagar.joglekar,[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract cols to let instances interact and aggregate their users to offer a globally integrated service. The Decentralised Web (DW) has recently seen a renewed mo- DW platforms intend to offer a number of benefits. For ex- mentum, with a number of DW platforms like Mastodon, Peer- ample, data is spread among many independent instances, thus Tube, and Hubzilla gaining increasing traction. These offer al- possibly making privacy-intrusive data mining more difficult. ternatives to traditional social networks like Twitter, YouTube, Data ownership is more transparent, and the lack of centralisa- and Facebook, by enabling the operation of web infrastruc- tion could make the overall system more robust against techni- ture and services without centralised ownership or control. cal, legal or regulatory attacks. Although their services differ greatly, modern DW platforms mostly rely on two key innovations: first, their open source However, these properties may also bring inherent chal- software allows anybody to setup independent servers (“in- lenges that are difficult to avoid, particularly when consid- stances”) that people can sign-up to and use within a local ering the natural pressures towards centralisation in both so- community; and second, they build on top of federation pro- cial [12, 49] and economic [42] systems. -
Decentralized Social Networking Platforms: Current Status and Trends Protocols Used by Existing DOSN Platforms Taxonomy by Proto
Decentralized Social Networking Platforms: Current Status and Trends Andres Ledesma, George Pallis and Marios Dikaiakos Laboratory for Internet Computing (LInC), Department of computer Science, University of Cyprus. {aledesma, gpallis, mdd}@cs.ucy.ac.cy Protocols Used by Existing DOSN Platforms DOSN Platforms Trendy … Trendiest! Open Graph Activity Protocol XOXO + 400 k Stream users *Document Representation Collaboration Tent *Partial Connection to other OSN XRI OExchange *Desktop (e.g. Facebook) Content PubSubHubbub Peer-to-Peer *Project Fork pump.io Identification Exchange LAMP node.js (e.g. identi.ca) OEmbed Salmon RSS / Atom Taxonomy by Protocols and Release Stage Content protocols identify, represent and exchange social content (e.g. posts, likes The three circles represent the release stage of the platform (i.e. the maturity and comments) in DOSNs. of the platform). Libertree Thimbl PGP Protocols used: newebe Cunity Duuit! XMPP pump.io XMPP + Others buddycloud Security and DSNP OpenSSL OpenPGP All Lipsync.it Friendica Tent encryption XMPP + Ostatus Retroshare OpenLink Data Spaces Ostatus + Others Kune Diaspora* DOSN rely on protocols to make the communication as private and secure as possible. Partial Ostatus + Others Ostatus Jappix Lorea StatusNet Others stable WebID Authentication OpenID beta Salut à Toi alpha User Layered Overview OAuth Identification WebFinger Activity Streams hCard Social Content RSS/Atom User Protocols deal with authentication and identification. User authentication across PuHubSubbub Salmon services is an essential part of DOSNs. User identification provides limited and OStatus Comet XMPP Mr. Privacy Psyc controlled user data to service and application without giving up privacy. HTTP SMTP, IMAP P2P TCP/IP Social FOAF XFN Representation Food for thought… Social representation refers to protocols that express the social graph. -
Funkwhale (Semblable À : Soundcloud Et Grooveshark) Copie D’Écran, Funkwhale
La Fée diverse déploie ses ailes Il n’est pas si fréquent que l’équipe Framalang traduise un article depuis la langue italienne, mais la récapitulation bien documentée de Cagizero était une bonne occasion de faire le point sur l’expansion de la Fediverse, un phénomène dont nous nous réjouissons et que nous souhaitons voir gagner plus d’amplitude encore, tant mieux si l’article ci-dessous est très lacunaire dans un an ! Article original : Mastodon, il Fediverso ed il futuro decentrato delle reti sociali Traduction Framalang : alainmi, Ezelty, goofy, MO Mastodon, la Fediverse et l’avenir des réseaux décentralisés par Cagizero Peu de temps après une première vue d’ensemble de Mastodon il est déjà possible d’ajouter quelques observations nouvelles. Tout d’abord, il faut noter que plusieurs personnes familières de l’usage des principaux médias sociaux commerciaux (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram…) sont d’abord désorientées par les concepts de « décentralisation » et de « réseau fédéré ». En effet, l’idée des médias sociaux qui est répandue et bien ancrée dans les esprits est celle d’un lieu unique, indifférencié, monolithique, avec des règles et des mécanismes strictement identiques pour tous. Essentiellement, le fait même de pouvoir concevoir un univers d’instances séparées et indépendantes représente pour beaucoup de gens un changement de paradigme qui n’est pas immédiatement compréhensible. Dans un article précédent où était décrit le média social Mastodon, le concept d’instance fédérée était comparé à un réseau de clubs ou cercles privés associés entre eux. Certains aspects exposés dans l’article précédent demandent peut-être quelques éclaircissements supplémentaires pour celles et ceux qui abordent tout juste le concept de réseau fédéré. -
On the Security of Single Sign-On
On the Security of Single Sign-On Vladislav Mladenov (Place of birth: Pleven/Bulgaria) [email protected] 30th June 2017 Ruhr-University Bochum Horst G¨ortz Institute for IT-Security Chair for Network and Data Security Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktor-Ingenieurs der Fakult¨atf¨urElektrotechnik und Informationstechnik an der Ruhr-Universit¨atBochum First Supervisor: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. J¨org Schwenk Second Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Felix Freiling www.nds.rub.de Abstract Single Sign-On (SSO) is a concept of delegated authentication, where an End- User authenticates only once at a central entity called Identity Provider (IdP) and afterwards logs in at multiple Service Providers (SPs) without reauthenti- cation. For this purpose, the IdP issues an authentication token, which is sent to the SP and must be verified. There exist different SSO protocols, which are implemented as open source libraries or integrated in commercial products. Google, Facebook, Microsoft and PayPal belong to the most popular SSO IdPs. This thesis provides a comprehensive security evaluation of the most popular and widely deployed SSO protocols: OpenID Connect, OpenID, and SAML. A starting point for this research is the development of a new concept called malicious IdP, where a maliciously acting IdP is used to attack SSO. Generic attack classes are developed and categorized according to the requirements, goals, and impact. These attack classes are adapted to different SSO proto- cols, which lead to the discovery of security critical vulnerabilities in Software- as-a-Service Cloud Providers, eCommerce products, web-based news portals, Content-Management systems, and open source implementations. -
Federation Documentation Release 0.22.0
Federation Documentation Release 0.22.0 Jason Robinson Aug 15, 2021 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Status...................................................4 1.2 Additional information..........................................4 2 Install 7 2.1 Dependencies...............................................7 2.2 Installation................................................7 3 Protocols 9 3.1 Diaspora.................................................9 3.2 ActivityPub................................................ 10 3.3 Matrix.................................................. 11 4 Usage 13 4.1 Entities.................................................. 13 4.2 Discovery................................................. 15 4.3 Fetchers.................................................. 18 4.4 Inbound.................................................. 19 4.5 Outbound................................................. 19 4.6 Django.................................................. 19 4.7 Protocols................................................. 21 4.8 Utils................................................... 21 4.9 Exceptions................................................ 23 5 Development 25 5.1 Environment setup............................................ 25 5.2 Running tests............................................... 25 5.3 Building local documentation...................................... 25 5.4 Contact for help............................................. 26 6 Projects using federation 27 7 Changelog 29 7.1 [0.22.0] - 2021-08-15......................................... -
Functional Breakdown of Decentralised Social Networks
University of Amsterdam Master System and Network Engineering Research Project 2 Functional breakdown of decentralised social networks Student: Supervisor: Wouter Miltenburg Michiel Leenaars [email protected] [email protected] July 6, 2015 Abstract Current centralised social networks are used by a huge number of users for a variety of reasons. With Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn, or Twitter, users are not in control of their own data and access control is centralised and proprietary. Decentralised social networks could be a solution to these problems and gives the control of the data back to users. This research is focused on the question which of the decentralised social networks is currently most suited to be provided as a service by hosting providers. This paper will therefore provide information about the current implementations, the protocols used by the various implementations, and will give a functional breakdown of the various decentralised social networks. Various implementations have been analysed, namely diaspora*, Friendica, GNU social, pump.io, and RedMatrix. The paper also describes the set of standards and protocols used by the various implementations. As most implementations use their own protocol, or implement the standards slightly differently, there is no interoperability without the use of extra plugins or enabling certain features. While there are a lot of standards for facilitating the message exchange, there are however standards missing that would make interoperability possible, which is described in this paper as well. RedMatrix is currently most suited to be provided as an alternative to the current centralised social networks and that can be provided as a service by hosting providers. -
Design and Implementation of a Federated Social Network
Hochschule f¨urTechnik und Wirtschaft Dresden Diploma Thesis Design and Implementation of a Federated Social Network Stephan Maka June 1st 2011 Supervised by Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Ralph Großmann Acknowledgements In gratitude to Simon Tennant for providing a vision I also want to thank the following persons for proofreading and their valuable feed- back: Maria Maka, Johannes Schneemann, Jan Dohl, Christian Fischer, Holger Kaden, and Frank Becker. License This original work is free to distribute under the terms of Creative Commons. Please give the author attribution. Contents Contentsi List of Tables.................................. iii List of Figures.................................. iii 1 Introduction1 1.1 Motivation.................................1 1.2 buddycloud................................2 2 Aspects of Social Networks5 2.1 User Profiles................................5 2.2 Social Connections............................6 2.3 Topology Models.............................6 2.3.1 Centralized Topology.......................7 2.3.2 Decentralized Topology......................8 2.3.3 Federated Topology........................9 2.4 Privacy Considerations.......................... 12 2.4.1 Access Control.......................... 12 2.4.2 Data Ownership.......................... 12 2.5 Data Portability.............................. 13 3 Requirements 15 3.1 Functional Requirements......................... 15 3.1.1 Transport Layer.......................... 15 3.1.2 Content Model.......................... 17 3.1.3 Content Distribution as a Publish-Subscribe -
This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from the King's Research Portal At
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Understanding the feasibility of network edge caching through measurements Raman, Aravindh Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 07. Oct. 2021 Understanding the feasibility of network edge caching through measurements Aravindh Raman Understanding the feasibility of network edge caching through measurements Aravindh Raman Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences King's College London This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2020 Understanding the feasibility of network edge caching through measurements Abstract Recent developments in both hardware industry to bring down the cost/size of the user devices and in content systems to deliver various forms of content have resulted in the burdening of the Internet. -
The Case for Alternative Social Media © the Author(S) 2015 DOI: 10.1177/2056305115604338 Sms.Sagepub.Com
SMSXXX10.1177/2056305115604338Social Media + SocietyGehl 604338research-article2015 SI: Culture Digitally Social Media + Society July-December 2015: 1 –12 The Case for Alternative Social Media © The Author(s) 2015 DOI: 10.1177/2056305115604338 sms.sagepub.com Robert W. Gehl Abstract What are “alternative social media”? How can we distinguish alternative social media from mainstream social media? Why are social media alternatives important? How do they work? Why do people make them? What do they tell us about contemporary corporate social media and its related phenomena: surveillance, privacy, power, self-expression, and sociality? This essay answers these questions by theorizing alternative social media. The empirical data for this alternative social media theory are drawn from previous work on alternative sites such as Diaspora, rstat.us, Twister, GNU social, and the Dark Web Social Network. These cases are used to build a generalized conceptual framework. However, this article does not solely theorize from these examples, but rather seeks to contextualize and historicize alternative social media theory within larger bodies of work. In addition to generalization from examples, the theory is informed by two threads. The first thread is the work of alternative media scholars such as Nick Couldry, Chris Atton, and Clemencia Rodriguez, who have done the historical and theoretical work to define alternative media. The second thread is a synthesis of works exploring the technical side of contemporary media, coming from new fields such as software studies. The threads and empirical analyses of sites such as Diaspora, Quitter, and rstat.us are combined into a theoretical matrix that can account for the processes and technical infrastructures that comprise social media alternatives and explain why they are distinct from sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Google, as well as why they are important.