Global Emergency Overview
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1 Severe humanitarian crisis GLOBAL EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Afghanistan Nigeria October 2015 CAR Somalia DRC South Sudan Eritrea Sudan Iraq Syria Libya Yemen Niger Humanitarian crisis Cameroon Malawi Chad Mali Colombia Mauritania DPRK Nepal Djibouti oPt Ethiopia Pakistan Gambia Senegal Haiti Sierra Leone Kenya Ukraine Lebanon Situation of concern Snapshot 30 September – 6 October 2015 Bangladesh Jordan Afghanistan: The humanitarian situation in Kunduz is deteriorating as fighting for control of the city continues. Burundi Madagascar Aid organisations have withdrawn, after a Médecins Sans Frontières hospital was bombed in an airstrike, killing Dominican Republic Myanmar 22 and injuring 37. El Salvador PNG Burundi: At least eight civilians were killed in Bujumbura over the weekend as political violence persists, and Guatemala Uganda people continue to flee. Some 128,000 people are reliant on food assistance: in some of the areas affected by Honduras insecurity, food prices are up to 95% higher than average. DRC: The number of cholera cases has been increasing rapidly since mid-August: 693 new cases reported over 7–13 September, four times the number reported in the last week of August. 800 new cholera cases have been reported in Kindu health zone in Maniema since mid-September (14-23 September). Katanga’s measles epidemic persists, with 1,200 new cases reported 21–27 September. Nigeria: Despite advances by the military in northeastern Nigeria, Boko Haram has carried out several attacks in Borno’s capital Maiduguri and in Adamawa over the past week; the number of casualties is unknown. Boko 2 Haram has also claimed responsibility for bomb blasts on the outskirts of Abuja, which killed 18 people and injured 41. Updated: 06/10/2015. Next update 13/10/2015. 3 - Only 55% of health facilities are functioning (WHO, 27/04/2015). - Less than 25% of the population is reported to have access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation facilities (OCHA, 31/08/2015). AFRICA OVERVIEW Health, protection, food, and WASH are priority needs, as continued violence, looting, and displacement cause further deterioration of an already dire humanitarian situation across the country. Conflict has resulted in displacement, targeted killings along communal lines, and human rights abuses. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CONFLICT, FOOD INSECURITY, INSECURITY Humanitarian needs in CAR continue to exceed available resources and delivery of aid is expected to decline because funding remains low. However, on 13 May, CAR was deactivated as a Level 3 emergency response. For more information on CAR, visit the ACAPS country analysis page. Politics and security LATEST DEVELOPMENTS The transitional government was formed in August 2014, but was rejected by the ex- 3 October: Unidentified armed attackers opened fire on the headquarters of the UN Seleka, which had proclaimed a de facto, independent, secular state in northeastern CAR peacekeeping mission, MINUSCA (UN, 03/10/2015). in July (IRIN 23/09/2014; Government, 24/07/2014). The transitional government’s term 26–30 September: Intercommunal violence in Bangui killed an estimated 41 people and had initially been due to end 17 August, but it has been extended (AFP, 12/08/2015). injured 266. 42,575 people were displaced by the violence and are staying in sites; The 585 participants in the Bangui Peace Forum agreed on a Republican Pact for Peace in many more are thought to be staying with host families (OCHA, 01/10/2015). May (BBC, 03/05/2015; Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, 12/05/2015). On 30 August, the transitional government adopted a new constitution, which limits future presidents to two terms in office (AFP, 31/08/2015). Members and former members of the transitional KEY CONCERNS government will not be allowed to run for legislative and presidential elections (Mediapart, 30/08/2015). - The conflict has caused over 6,000 deaths (Enough Project, 02/09/2015). Interim President Catherine Samba-Panza has blamed violence in Bangui at the end - Around 2.7 million people, over half of the population, are reported to be in immediate of September on supporters of former president Francois Bozizé, who was ousted in need of humanitarian assistance (The Global Observatory, 11/09/2015). 2013. She has also called for a more robust mandate for MINUSCA and for a - 421,000 IDPs, including 69,870 in Bangui. In Bangui, 61% of IDPs are newly displaced disarmament process for all armed groups (Reuters, 03/10/2015). after violent clashes at the end of September (OCHA, 01/10/2015). The first round of presidential and legislative elections was scheduled for 18 October, but - 476,076 CAR refugees in neighbouring countries (UNHCR, 30/08/2015). will almost certainly be delayed given the recent violence (AP, 01/10/2015). Elections are likely to be a catalyst for further instability (Cordaid, 16/09/2015). Even prior to the - 1.28 million people are in Crisis and Emergency phases of food insecurity (FAO, September clashes, many were concerned that CAR was not ready for elections, with 22/09/2015). many people being prevented from registering to vote because they had lost identity documents in the conflict, and no plan to enable the participation of refugees in the 4 elections (AFP, 29/07/2015; IRIN, 15/09/2015). US military assistance: The US is providing logistical support, special forces, and Stakeholders advisers to African troops operating against the LRA in eastern and southeastern CAR. Conflict developments Boko Haram: Boko Haram has reportedly penetrated CAR (Cordaid, 16/09/2015) Ex-Seleka: Seleka was an alliance of factions created in 2012 and dissolved by President Ceasefires have been agreed by the warring parties, but never accepted by the transitional Djotodia in late 2013. Many fighters remained active after the dissolution, and were dubbed government nor fully enacted (USAID, 10/04/2015). More than 6,000 people were killed ‘ex-Seleka’. Most moved out of the capital and by January 2014 controlled much of central between December 2013 and March 2014 (The Guardian, 21/07/2015; BBC, 07/01/2015). and northern CAR; another 17,114 fighters were confined to three military camps in Since January 2014, more than 2,054 security incidents have been recorded, more than Bangui, (IRIN, 17/09/2014). Bambari, Ouaka, reportedly became the ex-Seleka 96% of them from January to end of July 2015 (OCHA, 10/08/2015; 24/07/2015). Peaks of headquarters in May 2014. There are reports of internal conflict, involving in particular the violence were reached in March 2014, with 196 incidents, and have since fallen, although Front Démocratique du Peuple Centrafricain (Democratic Front of the Central African there are indications that violence has escalated again in September. Hotspots for People, or FDPC), which has worsened over 2015, weakening the alliance. Members incidents are Ouaka, Ouham, and Nana-Mambéré prefectures (OCHA, 31/08/2015). include Muslims from the northeast, and Sudanese and Chadians (IRIN, 12/01/2015; Conflict began in late 2012, when Seleka fighters advanced from the north, taking control international media, 30/09/2014; Enough, 17/06/2015). of territory on their way to the capital Bangui, where they held power until December 2013. Anti-balaka: Anti-balaka formed in order to counter the Seleka; there are around 75,000 Seleka committed numerous abuses during their advance and rule, and self-defence militants, though the numbers are contested, and their main leaders and political militias composed of mainly non-Muslims, ‘anti-balaka’, began revenge attacks in late programme remain unknown (IRIN, 12/01/2015). After the coup and Djotodia’s resignation, 2013. Most ex-Seleka members withdrew to the north at the end of 2013, but fighting many members of the former government army, the FACA, joined the anti-balaka. persisted between ex-Seleka and anti-balaka, Muslim and Christian communities, and pastoralists and farmers. About a million cattle have been reported killed or stolen, and LRA: The Lord’s Resistance Army, a faction of Ugandan insurgents, was pushed out of around 1,000 livestock farmers belonging to Mbororo ethnic group have been killed by anti- Uganda by the national army, but is reported to be still active in Central African Republic, balaka. Trade in livestock makes up 10% of GDP (AFP, 02/09/2015). attacking civilians, looting and abducting people (Stratfor, 26/08/2015; LRA Crisis Tracker, 22/09/2015). MISCA African Union forces, backed by France, were deployed in December 2013, authorised by the UN. The African Union had already deployed troops to CAR prior to UN peacekeeping mission (MINUSCA): MINUSCA officially took over peacekeeping Seleka’s assumption of power, but they had been overwhelmed by the severity and scope operations on 14 September 2014. In March 2015, the number of peacekeepers was of the conflict. In mid-September 2014, the UN peacekeeping force took over. increased by 1,000, to better protect infrastructure and senior officials in Bangui, bringing the total to 13,000 uniformed personnel (Reuters, 26/03/2015). An international NGO Bangui: Violence in the capital over 26–30 September, after the murder of a Muslim reported that UN peacekeepers were responsible for the death of two civilians in Bangui, taxi driver, left at least 41 people dead and injured 266 (OCHA, 01/10/2015). Three as well as the rape of a 12-year-old girl, in August. The head of MINUSCA was replaced protesters were shot and killed during demonstrations near the presidential palace. (UN, 14/08/2015; Reuters, 12/08/2015; Aljazeera, 11/08/2015). On 11 September, seven MINUSCA is seeking to verify accusations that peacekeepers opened fire on protesters peacekeepers were repatriated, and nine had their salary suspended (United Nations, (AFP, 28/09/2015). On 3 October, unidentified armed attackers opened fire on the 11/09/2015).