Campus Map Reflecting (on) the
Oregon State Capitol Ford Hall State Street Asia-Pacific: Places, Star Trees Rose Garden 3 North Lawn Montag 20 33 19 21 Den 48 52 14 22 5 31 Street 13th 11 49 41 30 Relations, Systems Ferry Street 32 6 Ferry Street 8 50 51 42 Church Street Cottage Street Quad 9 4 4738 13 710 34 28 26 P r 10 in 15 g 18 17 37 l e 44
P Mill 40Race a r k UC Permit w Parking Lot a 12th Street 12th Street 14th y Winter Street 23 Jackson Plaza 24 5 54 36 16 Brown Field Hatfield 43 Willamette Permit Fountain Heritage Center Parking Lot 27 Mill Street Sky Bridge Mill Street Permit Parking Lot 46 1 Sparks Field 45 Permit 53 Parking Lot 39 35 12 2 25 Visitor Tennis Courts Parking Lot Bellevue Street
Oak Street Softball Field Handicapped Access Emergency Telephone Automated External Defibrillator Parking Lot Salem Hospital Short-term Parking Meters Leslie Street
Updated: 7/22/16 Mission Street Capitol Street University Street
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Bush’s Pasture Park
1 Admission Office (undergraduate) 21 Gatke Hall 41 Smullin Hall 2 Alpha Chi Omega Sorority 22 Global Learning Center (including 42 Southwood Hall 3 Art Building International Education) 43 Lestle J. Sparks Center (including Equity & Empowerment Center) 23 Goudy Commons 44 Terra House 4 Atkinson Annex 24 Mark O. Hatfield Library 45 Tokyo International 5 Atkinson Graduate School of Management 25 Kaneko Commons University of America (Seeley G. Mudd Building) 26 Lausanne Hall 46 University Apartments 6 Baxter Hall 27 Lee House 47 University Services Building 7 Belknap Hall 28 Matthews Hall 48 University Services Annex 8 Bishop Wellness Center (Student Health) 29 McCulloch Stadium and Athletics Complex 49 Waller Hall 9 Cascadia House 30 Montag Center 50 Walton Hall 10 College of Law 31 Northwood Hall 51 Westwood Hall (Truman Wesley Collins Legal Center) 32 Olin Science Center 52 Willamette Academy 11 Collins Science Center 33 Oregon Civic Justice Center 53 Willamette International Studies House 12 Delta Gamma Sorority (WISH) 34 M. Lee Pelton Theatre 13 Doney Hall 54 York House 35 Pi Beta Phi Sorority 14 Eaton Hall 36 Putnam University Center 15 Events and Facilities Maintenance Annex 37 Mary Stuart Rogers Music Center 16 Facilities Maintenance (including Hudson Hall) 17 Fine Arts East 38 Service Center (including Campus Safety) 18 Fine Arts West 39 Shepard House 19 Ford Hall 40 Smith Auditorium 900 State Street, Salem, OR 97301 20 Hallie Ford Museum of Art University Information 503-370-6300 willamette.edu
Fraankk MilM ler Willlamlaamette e Univversity 2017 Digitalta Photoo graraphy June 2017
Dear Conference Participants:
On behalf of the students, faculty and staff, welcome to Willamette University for the Asian Studies on the Pacific Coast 2017 Conference. We are pleased to host this event that brings together such a distinguished group of teachers and scholars to present their research and share their ideas on Asia in the 21st century.
Willamette University considers itself a Pacific Rim institution. We are proud of our 52-year partnership with Tokyo International University of Saitama Prefecture, Japan, whose American campus, Tokyo International University of America, is located just across the street from us. In addition, our esteemed Asian Studies faculty offer a wide range of courses on Chinese and Japanese Language, Asian History and Art History, Film, Literature, Media Studies, Religions, Politics and Folklore Studies. With a student body just under 2,000 and a faculty of over 150, the College of Liberal Arts also shares the campus with two graduate schools: the Atkinson Graduate School of Management and the College of Law.
We are delighted to host a conference that will address important themes related to culture, society, politics and economy in a part of the world that is in the midst of dynamic transformations with significance for the world as a whole. We have much to learn from our Pacific neighbors and we applaud the scholarly engagement of the participants in ASPAC 2017 who will be offering their insights into this important region.
We hope you enjoy your stay here in Salem, and wish you a successful conference and a productive exchange of ideas.
Sincerely,
Stephen E. Thorsett President Asian Studies on the Pacific Coast (ASPAC)
Asian Studies on the Pacific Coast (ASPAC), an affiliate of the national Association for Asian Studies (AAS), has promoted Asian Studies in the region since 1966, primarily through its annual conferences. While universities in the states of California, Oregon and Washington have hosted the majority of these sessions, ASPAC has also met in Hawaii, Alaska, Canada and Guam. ASPAC has always taken special pride in providing a welcoming and supportive conference atmosphere for young faculty members and graduate students and for many years has offered a prize for the best graduate student paper. ASPAC, a non-profit, volunteer-run organization, has been sustained over this half-century by the dedicated efforts of its board members, its university conference hosts, and its regular attendees. Newcomers are cordially invited and urged to help keep the tradition alive by supporting and participating in ASPAC.
The ASPAC-Mori Prize for Graduate Students is named in honor of Professor Barbara Mori of Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. As a long-time ASPAC member, Professor Mori advocated Asian studies, including Asian musicology, her area of expertise. She passed away in 2013, leaving a generous donation in support of this graduate student prize. Through this prize, ASPAC recognizes extraordinary graduate student scholarship. It is open to all students pursuing graduate studies in any discipline, at any American university, and in any area of research pertaining to Asian Studies, with awards presented at the conference banquet.
Willamette University
Willamette is a nationally renowned private liberal arts university in Salem, Oregon.
While Willamette is celebrating its 175th anniversary this year, the university is also widely recognized as an institution that prepares students for the challenges of the modern world. The beautiful, historic campus — located across the street from the Oregon State Capitol and co-located with Tokyo International University of America — features a residential undergraduate College of Liberal Arts and two professional graduate schools: the College of Law and the Atkinson Graduate School of Management.
The popular guide “Colleges That Change Lives: 40 Schools That Will Change the Way You Think About Colleges” named Willamette among an elite group of schools that provide hands-on academic experiences to cultivate critical thinking and creativity; professors dedicated to mentorship; and lively, diverse opportunities for fun and personal growth.
Willamette professors stand out nationally for their dedication to teaching, distinguished scholarly work and positive influence on students’ lives. Eleven of the 26 Oregon Professors of the Year are from Willamette’s undergraduate program, a record unmatched by any school on the West Coast.
Among its numerous recognitions, Willamette was listed as the highest-ranked liberal arts college in Oregon and among the top nationally in U.S. News & World Report’s 2016 “Best Colleges.” Bloomberg Businessweek, Forbes and CEO magazine have named Willamette’s MBA a “Best Business School” — the top-listed program in Oregon and one of a select few in the Western United States. National Jurist magazine gave Willamette University College of Law an A+ rating in the “Best Schools for Small Law” category, placing it alongside Stanford, Harvard and Yale.
Although uniquely Oregon in its location and spirit, Willamette University is also a welcoming, global institution. Its 50- year connection with Tokyo International University brings more than 100 Asian students to campus each year, while international students also make up a large proportion of students at Atkinson Graduate School of Management.
Regardless of their country of origin, Willamette students are inspired by the university’s motto — Not unto ourselves alone are we born — to use their education in service of a better future for themselves, others, their communities and the world.
2
ASPAC BOARD, 2016-2017
Board Members: President: Noriko Kawamura (History, Washington State University) President-Elect/VP: Kristen Parris (Political Science, Western Washington University) Secretary: Ann Wetherell (Art History, Willamette University) Treasurer: Greg Rohlf (Historian, University of Pacific) Imm. Past President: Tsuneo Akaha (Political Science, Middlebury Institute) CoC Representative: Tsuneo Akaha (Political Science, Middlebury Institute)
At-Large Board Members: 2015-2017 Linda Walton (History, Portland State University) Hilary Dickerson (History, Pacific Union College) Shuo Wang (History, Cal State Stanislaus) 2016-2018 Keiko Hirata (Political Science, Cal State Northridge) Ashley Wright (History, Washington State University) Michael Wood (World Languages and Cultures, Chapman University) Drake Langford (Language and Literature, Cal State Northridge)
Non-voting members (Consulting Past Presidents): Stephen Kohl, E. Bruce Reynolds, Ram Roy, Kathleen Tomlonovic, William Vanderbok, Deepak Shimkhada, David Pietz, Parkes Riley
Conference Organizers
ASPAC Committee: Co-Chair - Huike Wen (Chinese, WU) Co-Chair - Ann Wetherell (Art History, WU) Program Chair - Cecily McCaffrey (History, WU) Greg Felker (Politics, WU) Miho Fujiwara (Japanese Language, WU) Ron Loftus (Japanese History, WU) Pam Moro (Anthropology, WU) Juwen Zhang (Chinese, WU) Xijuan Zhou (Religious Studies, WU)
Staff Pamela Smith (Staff), Tonya Wheeler (WITS), Chris Gramlich (WITS)
Student Employees Misa Adams, Emma Blaw, Josephine Buchwald and Emily Schwaner
3 ASPAC-Barlow Prize for the Best Student Paper on China
The ASPAC-Barlow Prize has been established to remember and honor Professor Jeffrey G. Barlow, a professor emeritus at Pacific University, who passed away in October 2016 (see his brief bio below). The newly established Prize will be used to recognize the best student paper on China presented at each annual conference of ASPAC starting in 2018. The award will be in the amount of $300 and the awardee will be selected by a committee of ASPAC Board members and announced at the banquet of the annual conference. The winner will be eligible, along with the winner of the ASPAC- Mori Prize, to compete for nomination by ASPAC to present her/his paper at the annual conference of the Association for Asian Studies (AAS) in the following year.
Professor Barlow was a history professor at Pacific University when he joined ASPAC in 1992. He later served as Director, Berglund Center for Internet Studies and Matsushita Chair of East Asian and International Studies at Pacific. Professor Barlow’s years of association with ASPAC included the founding of E-AsPac, a journal of ASPAC in 2002 and serving as its Executive Editor until 2010, service as President of ASPAC in 2000-2003, as ASPAC Webmaster from 1995-2005, and as Chair of the ASPAC annual conference at Pacific University in 1995. He received his Ph.D. in History from the University of California, Berkeley. His dissertation “Vietnam and the Chinese Revolution of 1911” launched his distinguished academic career that took him to teaching positions at UC Berkeley Extension, Monterey Peninsula College, San Jose State College Extension, University of Maryland Extension (Taipei), UC Riverside, University of Oregon, Lewis & Clark College, Wenzhou Medical College, and Pacific University. He also received numerous honors and awards, including Gold Medal, West Lake Award, for Educational Service to the Province of Zhejiang, PRC, 2008; Founding Editor, Journal of the Association for History and Computing; Distinguished Professor, Wenzhou Medical College (PRC); Distinguished Professor, Hue Teachers’ University (Vietnam); Honorary Visiting Professor, Guangxi Teachers University (PRC); Fulbright-Hays Fellow (Taiwan); and Fulbright Fellow (Taiwan). His numerous academic publications include the following books: The Zhuang: A Longitudinal Study of Their History and Their Culture, Guangxi Minorities Institute, Nanning, PRC (in Chinese Zhuangzu: Tamende Lishr He Wenhua); three editions of China Doctor of John Day, Portland: Binford & Mort Publishers (with Christine Richardson); two editions of Sun Yat-sen (World Leaders Past & Present), New York: Chelsea House; Sun Yat-sen and the French, 1900-1908, Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California; and China in Oregon, A Resource Directory, Portland: Northwest China Council and Portland State University (with Christine Richardson).
The ASPAC Board welcomes contributions of any amount from ASPAC conference participants and others who support the establishment of the ASPAC-Barlow Prize in honor of Professor Barlow. The Board believes this Prize will help promote the study of China generally and encourage participation by young scholars in the ASPAC annual conference in the future. Please make your check payable to “ASPAC Asian Studies on the Pacific Coast”. You may also mail it to:
Professor Greg Rohlf, ASPAC Treasurer, 3601 Pacific Avenue University of the Pacific / Department of History Stockton, CA 95211
If you need a receipt, please so indicate on your check, making sure that your mailing address appears on the check as well.
4
Keynote Address
Connecting Places
Anne Feldhaus, Ph.D. Arizona State University AAS vice president
A chance undergraduate trip to India for the summer changed her life. As she notes, “I fell in love with India that first time, a complicated love that has grown even more complex over the years. I have spent much of my adult life figuring out how to get back to India again and again, how to live there for long periods of time, and how to deepen my friendships with and understanding of ever more kinds of people there.”
Graduate school saw her study Marathi, the language spoken by nearly 80 million people in the western-Indian state of Maharashtra. Her language skills enabled her to delight in the world of 13th-century literature, and in modern Marathi scholarly writings about the religious history of the region.
Her scholarly work began with a translation of the Old Marathi text, the Mahānubhāvs, and she spent a year reading Mahānubhāv religious-geographical texts and visiting holy places throughout Maharashtra. That year provided a springboard to move out of the relatively sectarian confines of the Mahānubhāv traditions and into the somewhat wider world of popular religiosity in Maharashtra. Using a combination of fieldwork and textual studies, Dr. Feldhaus has authored two books about Maharashtrian religious geography: Water and Womanhood (1995) and Connected Places (2003).
She subsequently spent a decade and a half helping prepare a dictionary of the earliest period of the language (up to about 1350 C.E.), and is currently helping another scholar prepare a series of catalogs of Marathi manuscripts. She is also collaborating with a natural-resource social scientist on a study of four mountain places visited by pilgrims, trekkers, and other kinds of tourists.
Dr. Feldhaus models the very best way of listening to and collaborating with historians, political scientists, sociologists, anthropologists, and other scholars of literature and religious studies in order to generate cutting edge “transdisciplinary” research.
5 Friday Reception
J.J. Gregg: Sitar
J.J. Gregg is a classically trained sitar player and educator. In 2000 he moved to Pune, India on a study abroad program and met internationally renowned sitar player Ustad Usman Khan. For the past seventeen years, J.J. has studied sitar under Khan at Naad Mandir. He has traveled back to Pune six more times, most recently spending a year in India during 2012-2013.
J.J. Gregg has performed on the sitar in the US, India, and Thailand. He has taught private sitar lessons for the past 11 years and currently teaches sitar in the music department at Whitman College. In addition to his years of study at Naad Mandir, J.J.Gregg holds a BA in Mathematical Economics from Colorado College and a Masters of Education from University of Illinois at Chicago.
ASPAC 2017 Special Thanks:
Association for Asian Studies Willamette University Center for Asian Studies Department of Japanese/Chinese Department of Art History Department of History Department of Anthropology Department of Politics
6 Conference Schedule
Thursday, June 8
6:00 pm: ASPAC board meeting
Friday, June 9
8:00 am - 3:00 pm: Registration and check in (Ford Hall lobby)
2:30-4:30 pm: Panels
5:00 - 7:00 pm: Reception (Montag Center)
Saturday, June 10
7:00 am: Continental Breakfast (Ford Hall - Room 124)
7:30 am - 3:00 pm: Registration and check in (Ford Hall lobby)
8:00-10:00 am: Panels
Coffee Break (Ford Hall - Room 124)
10:30 am-12:30 pm: Panels
12:30-2:00 pm: Lunch (On your own)
2:00-4:00 pm: Panels
4:15- 5:00 pm: ASPAC member meeting (Ford Hall – Room 122)
6:00 pm: Banquet (Putnam University Center – 2nd floor)
Sunday, June 11
8:30 am Continental Breakfast (Ford Hall - Room 124)
10:00 am-12:00 pm: Panels
7 Panels
Friday, June 9
2:30 – 4:30 pm
Language and education (Ford 201) Chair: Giseung Lee, University of North Carolina at Charlotte 1. Middle School English Education and Teacher Education in South Korea Giseung Lee, University of North Carolina at Charlotte 2. Integrating ACTFL OPI guidelines in standard-based AP Chinese class Bonnie Wang, Durham Academy Upper School 3. Japanese dialect ideology from Meiji to the present Nao Okumura, University of Nevada, Reno
Northeast Asia in the 20th century (Ford 204) Chair: Greg Felker, Willamette University 1. In search of Law and Order: political crime, violence and the formation of the North Korean police force Vasilii Lebedev, Korea University (Seoul) 2. Under Attack: Fraternal Criticism, Global Discourse, and the Development of North Korean Ideology Thomas Stock, UCLA
Nationalism represented in landscape art (Ford 302) Chair: Yiqing Li, UCSD 1. Not Realness, but in Reality: China as She Is: A Comprehensive Album, 1934 Xing Zhao, UCSD 2. Making Heritage: Chinese Landscape painting on Meishu, 1954-1956 Chuchu Wang, UCSD 3. The Photography of Mt. Huang in the Early 1960s: A Space for Landscape Yi Liu, UCSD 4. Landscape Painting in Transformation: Liu Dan’s Microcosmic Landscape Painting Yiqing Li, UCSD
Managing a historic Macao City (Ford 304) Chair: Tam Chi Kuong, Sun Yat-sen University 1. Culture and Arts in Macao Community: A Case Study of “Heritage Stroll with Poetries Tam Chi Kuong, Sun Yat-sen University Ng Chi Man, Macao Institute for Tourism Studies 2. The Role of Heritage Educational Programmes in Influencing the Cultural Identity of Young People: The Case of Macao Heritage Ambassador Wong Ka Fai, Macao Institute for Tourism Studies Chan Cheng, University of Macau 3. Challenges and Opportunities of Heritage Conservation in Macau: From an Urban Planning Perspective Kwah Hou In, Huaqiao University Ieong Man Si, Macau Institute of Management 4. Macau Light Festival: A Tourism Project with Community Support Ao Wun Tong, Macao Institute for Tourism Studies Lio Chi Lan, University of Macau
8 Panels
Saturday, June 10
8:00 – 10:00 am
Art and History in Late Imperial China (Ford 201) Chair: Ann Wetherell, Willamette University 1. When Neo-Confucianism Enters the Ming Political World: Rethink about the Ideological Movement Initiated by Wang Yangming Kun Jiao, Wuhan University, China 2. Celebrating the Lantern Festival in Nanjing Ina Asim, University of Oregon 3. Guardians of the Dharma, or the Empire? The Nine Luohans by Zhou Xun (1649-1729) Ann Wetherell, Willamette University
Art in the 21st century (Ford 204) Chair: Dongchen Hou, University of Arizona 1. Experiments in the Anthropocene: Toward a Transformative Eco-Aesthetic in the Work of Four Contemporary Chinese Visual Artists Mengyao Liu, University of Washington 2. Support System for Artists in South Korea Eun Na, University of Oregon 3. Who is the author?—Calligraphy Robots’ Displacement of the Human Hand in Writing Dongchen Hou, University of Arizona
Ethnicity in Southeast Asia (Ford 301) Chair: Shane Barter, Soka Univ of America 1. The Rohingya IDP Cam in Sittwe Michimi Muranushi, Gakushuin University 2. Rethinking Autonomy Shane Barter, Soka Univ of America 3. The Stateless Rohingya Brijlal Chaudhari, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey
Governance: Party, state, neighborhood (Ford 302) Chair: Kristen Parris, Western Washington University 1. What Democracy Is: One-Party States and Re-Conceptualizing Democracy Cameron Gil, CSU, Northridge 2. Communist Party Membership and Community Participation in Contemporary Urban China: Evidence from CGSS2012 Ang Yu, Shandong University 3. Neighborhood Governance in China and the US. Do they Rhyme? Kristen Parris, Western Washington University
9 Panels
Nosatsu: A Window on Religion, Art, and Play in Edo Japan Pt. 1 (Ford 304) Chair: Stephen Kohl, University of Oregon 1. From the Sacred to the Profane to Art: an Introduction to Nosatsu Stephen Kohl, University of Oregon 2. Buddha and Popular Culture on Pilgrimage Votive Slips in Shikoku Ron Green, Coastal Carolina University 3. Frederick Starr as a Participant and Observer of Nosatsu Collecting Clubs Henry Smith, Columbia University
10:30 am – 12:30 pm
Nosatsu: A Window on Religion, Art, and Play in Edo Japan Pt. 2 (Ford 304) Chair: Stephen Kohl, University of Oregon 1. Stand-Up, Sit-Down, and Sprawled-Out Comics: Party Games in Nosatsu and Hokusai's Manga Glynne Walley, University of Oregon 2. Iseman's 11: Nosatsu Exchange Clubs and Networks of Tastes, Traditions and Tattoos Kumiko McDowell, University of Oregon 3. From Woodblock Prints to Digital Displays: Frederick Starr, Gertrude Bass Warner, and the Collection of Japanese Votive Slips at the University of Oregon. Kevin McDowell, University of Oregon 4. Title: TBA Akiko Walley, University of Oregon
19th and 20th century history (Ford 204) Chair: Thomas Reilly, Pepperdine University 1. Culture in China-Europe Relations: Bin Chun (1804-1871) and His Diplomatic Mission Ying-Kit Chan, Princeton University 2. A Unique but Pleasing Heathen Land: Missionary Tourists in Early Meiji Japan E. Bruce Reynolds, San Jose State University 3. Consumerism and Nationalism: The Emergence of Modern Tobacco Culture in the early- twentieth-century China Sikang Song, Washington State University 4. Saving Shanghai and the Nation: The YMCA and the National Salvation Movement, 1935-1941 Thomas Reilly, Pepperdine University
Livelihood (Ford 301) Chair: Myoung-Jin Lee, Korea University 1. The Roles of Socioeconomic Status and Social Health in Life Satisfaction Among the Korean Elderly Myoung-Jin Lee and Joo Hee Son, Korea University 2. Thai Multigenerational Family Connection: A Case Study on Impact of Familial Activities on Health and Well-being of the Elderly and Adolescents in Bangkok Chulanee Thianthai, Chulalongkorn University
10 Panels
The political views of North Korean refugees (Ford 302) Chair: Yu Inagaki, Gakushuin University 1. Repatriation program: Why did people move to North Korea? Yu Inagaki, Gakushuin University 2. 50 years economic changes in North Korea and that effect on returnee from Japan Yuta Tsubouchi, Gakushuin University 3. The life of the North Korean defectors after crossing the border Ryusuke Narieda, Gakushuin University 4. Influence of information on North korean defectors Juri Sato, Gakushuin University
Loyalty Patriotism and Transnationalism in WWII in Asia and the Pacific (Ford 201) Chair: Noriko Kawamura, Washington State University 1. “Will Die for Cause of Imperial Edict:” Paul Tatsuguchi’s Transnationalism in a Time of War Hilary Dickerson, Washington State University 2. Historical Memory of Heroes and Villains on Japan’s Longest Day Noriko Kawamura, Washington State University 3. Opium, war, and the end of empire in British Burma, c. 1940-46 Ashley Wright, Washington State University 4. Finding the Self: Subjectivity and Transnationalism in the Critical Essays of Taoka Reiun (1870- 1912) Ronald Loftus, Willamette University
2:00 – 4:00 pm
War and memory (Ford 204) Chair: Boram Yi, University of Baltimore 1. What Do Japanese College Students Know about the Asia-Pacific War?: Historical Memories and Multiple Factors Examined Masami Kimura, Tokyo Univ of Foreign Studies 2. Excluded from the Beginning: The Comfort Women, the Tokyo War Crimes Trial, and the Persistent Question of the “Past” in East Asia Boram Yi, University of Baltimore 3. America Represented in Colonial Korea’s Theatre during Asian-Pacific War Baik Seung Suk, Yeungnam University 4. Memory and Remembrance Abroad: Comfort Women Memorials in the United States Meraleigh Randle, Texas Christian University
Transnational literature (Ford 301) Chair: Ronald Loftus, Willamette University 1. Transnational Friendship of Koreans in Postcolonial Times Saerom Bae, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea 2. The Underwater Body: Race and Liquidity in Marguerite Duras's "The Vice-Consul" Raissa DeSmet, University of Washington 3. Landscape, Train, and Identity: Journeys to China of the Colonized under Japanese Rule Moxi Zhang, University of Hong Kong
11 Panels
Contemporary issues in Asian international relations (Ford 302) Chair: Keiko Hirata, CSU, Northridge 1. Differences at the Margin: Understanding the Chinese Presence in Africa Barry Sautman, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Yan Hairong, Hong Kong Polytechnic University 2. Revisiting the Abe Doctrine: Pragmatic Realism in the New World Order Keiko Hirata, CSU, Northridge 3. A Decade at War: The Terror Threat to Pakistan 2007-2017 Bill Topich, Pulaski Academy
Russia and Northeast Asia (Ford 304) Chair: Tsuneo Akaha, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey 1. A Break-through in Russia-Japan Relations? Tsuneo Akaha, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey 2. Strategic Influence of Russian Far East Oil and Gas Industries in North East Asia Tracy Lyon, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey 3. Migratory patterns in the Russian Far East in the 2010s: regional, national and local influences Matthew Levie, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey 4. The Amur Green Belt Programme: A Case Study on Transboundary Protected Areas Governance in the Amur-Heilong River Basin Aleksandra Evert, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey
Sunday, June 11
10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Re-imagining history, philosophy, and religion (Ford 201) Chair: Linda Walton, PSU 1. The folk forms of Neo-Confucianism in Song-Yuan Period Nini Kong, Shanghai Normal University 2. Investigation of the Idea of Nestorian Crosses— Based on F. A. Nixon’s Collection Andrea Jian Chen, The University of Hong Kong
Chinese and Japanese literature (Ford 204) Chair: Mark Levine, Morehouse College 1. Aesthetics, Subjectivity, and Childhood Memory in the Literary Reminisces of Bing Xin, Xu Yunuo, and Feng Zikai Mark Levine, Morehouse College 2. Absurdity and Ambiguity of the Body in The Preposterous Words (Guwangyan) Qing Ye, Wake Forest University 3. Masculinity and Male “Losers” in the fiction of Machida Kō Stephen Filler, Oakland University
12 Panels
Art and technology: film, music, video (Ford 301) Chair: Colleen Laird, Western Washington University 1. Kitano Beats Takeshi: Irony as a Creative Mode Ricardo De Mambro Santos, Willamette University 2. From Chinoiserie to Chinked-Out: “Chinese-Wind” and Music Videos in the Production of Mandopop Ming-yen Lee, Nanhua University 3. Screened and Not Heard: the Transnational Treasure Text of Kikuchi Rinko. Colleen Laird, Western Washington University
Diaspora, activism, and identity (Ford 302) Chair: Cecily McCaffrey, Willamette University 1. Japan Diaspora in the 1930s Reiko Tachibana, Pennsylvania State University 2. Asian Civil Rights Activist: Victorio Acosta Velasco Michael Serizawa Brown, Bellevue College 3. Silence as Symbolic Violence Among Contemporary Chinese Immigrants in the U.S. – Based on Fieldwork in Teo-Chew Huiguan in San Francisco’s Chinatown Xiaolin Zhao, Stanford University
Roundtable Discussion:
Trump, Asia, and America as an Asian Power (Ford 304) Chair: Greg Felker, Willamette University Tsuneo Akaha, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey Keiko Hirata, CSU, Northridge T. Augustine Lo, Dorsey & Whitney LLP Tuong Vu, University of Oregon Barry Sautman, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
13 Abstracts
Tsuneo Akaha our understanding of the Lantern Festival celebration in the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey history of the city of Nanjing. Japan-Russia Rapprochement: What Gives? Saerom Bae The Putin-Abe summit on the sidelines of the 2016 Eastern Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea Economic Forum in Vladivostok has surprised many with the Transnational Friendship of Koreans in Postcolonial two sides’ unmistakable effort to improve Russia-Japan Times relations. This is surprising for at least three reasons. First, Russia and Japan have not found a mutually acceptable Friendship is imagined to grow from similarities. However, formula for resolving the long-lasting sovereignty dispute with the technology we have nowadays, we get to meet over the southern Kurils/Northern Territories and their people from all kinds of backgrounds. What makes friendship economic ties remain quite limited, indicating political and even more complicated these days is the difference of how economic incompatibilities between the interests of the two each individual relates to colonialism from the past century. countries. Second, one would expect Japan to side with its This paper seeks to examine the conditions of transnational most important ally the United States, who has unmistakably friendship in postcolonial times. After the end of the colonial deteriorating relations with Russia over the latter’s times and the cold war, we see rather subtle frictions in annexation of Crimea. Third, Russia has been improving its friendship situated in globalized environment. For example, a relations with China, with which Japan has been experiencing young writer Eun-young Choi explores the (im)possibility and significant worsening relations over a number of issues but dynamics of friendship in a new, postcolonial ground. In her most importantly the territorial dispute over the short story
14 Abstracts sub-regional, second-order minorities. True around the the Pacific Northwest. My work also adds to the relatively world, this is especially evident in Southeast Asia. In Aceh, recent, growing scholarship on the participation in and Indonesia, former rebels have promoted Acehnese symbols contributions of Asians in civil rights, a yet largely-unexplored and language while centralizing political-economic power. area about which there is still a paucity of information in The result has been tensions with Aceh’s Gayo, Alas, Malay, both the popular and the academic discourse. and Javanese communities. How can policymakers work with officials in autonomous regions, as well as national Ying-kit Chan governments and second-order minorities, to decentralize Princeton University autonomy? While convincing former rebels to share hard- Culture in China-Europe Relations: Bin Chun (1804- won powers may be difficult, this is an important step 1871) and His Diplomatic Mission towards creating more stable, just forms of autonomy. In 1866, at the encouragement of Robert Hart (1835-1911), Thitiwut Boonyawongwiwat the Inspectorate General of the Imperial Maritime Customs Chiang Mai University, Thailand Services, Prince Gong (1833-1898) petitioned the ruler to The obstacle of conflict transformation in Myanmar: A send Manchu bannerman Bin Chun (1804-1871), Hart’s case study of the Ta'ang National Liberation Army secretary, and student-translators from the Tongwen guan (School of Combined Learning) to Europe. Bin Chun’s travels Ethnic conflict in Myanmar is the longest civil war in the constituted Qing China’s first diplomatic mission to Europe world. It leads to uncountable number of dead and the huge since its founding, and yielded three books: Chengcha biji number of refugees and Internally displaced person who are [Notes on a raft], Haiguo shengyou cao [Sketch of a currently staying at the refugee camps along the border successful overseas mission], and Tianwai guifan cao [Sketch between Myanmar and neighbouring state. After the of a return to the celestial kingdom]. Bin Chun was a model National League for Democracy (NLD) won the 2015 general Confucian scholar and prolific poet who was drawn to the election, the civil government attempts to set the pattern of operas in European theater houses. He noted the differences peace negotiation with ethnic group. For instance, the 21st in European languages and described in detail how customs Century Panglong Conference was taken place by inviting all varied from one nation to another in the continent. He ethnic armed groups to participate in such conference. interacted with court painters, famed poets, government However, there is the interesting problem in such processes officials, and newspaper journalists and had defended the because the Ta'ang National Liberation Army(TNLA) refused prestige of Qing China by exhibiting great decorum and to sing in Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) modesty. In other words, while Bin Chun participated— Agreement(NCA). This paper argues that the problem of the somewhat reluctantly—in the rituals and visits required of current peace talk between government and TNLA was him as a diplomat, he was in fact conducting his own form of caused by the civil government cannot control the operation cultural diplomacy with the European dignitaries. He had of Myanmar army over the controlled area of ethnic groups. shown, contrary to the conventional wisdom that Chinese- In other words, the democratisation of Myanmar has not Manchu scholars were culturally resistant to Western already finished and it also affects to the peace talk with cultures and institutions, that Qing intellectuals could be ethnic armed groups. There are different strategies to receptive observers of cultural differences. resolve the ethnic conflict between the government and the army. The civil government attempts to use the political Brijlal Chaudhari means as the tool, but the army focus only on the military Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey operation. It could be said that the problem of civil-military The Stateless Rohingya relation impacts on the pattern of ethnic conflict which has been transformed to be the so-called “talking while fighting". The United Nations describes Stateless Rohingya Muslims as
one of the most persecuted minorities in the world. The Michael Serizawa Brown discriminatory state policies of Myanmar and extreme Bellevue College violation of their human rights by the state have been Asian Civil Rights Activist: Victorio Acosta Velasco pushing Rohingyas away from Myanmar to seek a better future, since Myanmar got independence in 1948. They are My proposal aims to highlight the civil rights activism of the obliged to make dangerous journeys across the Andaman Sea Seattle-based Filipino labor union leader and journalist using human trafficking routes. The government of Myanmar Victorio Acosta Velasco and place his civil rights work within frequently denies that Rohingyas are from Myanmar. the context of other such efforts in Seattle, Washington, and Similarly, ASEAN countries along with Bangladesh have
15 Abstracts denied their request for asylum, creating an international Raissa DeSmet humanitarian migration crisis in the region. The future of Interdisciplinary Arts & Sciences, University of Washington, Rohingyas in Myanmar and abroad looks bleak. The research Bothell paper “The Stateless Rohingya Muslims” will take the form of The Underwater Body: Race and Liquidity in Marguerite a policy memorandum and looks for viable solutions to Duras's "The Vice-Consul" address the safety, security, status and dignity of Rohingyas who are feeling Myanmar that has resulted into a migration This paper is centered on the figure of the Asian crisis in the region. The memorandum explores different Beggarwoman in Marguerite Duras’s novella, The Vice- factors that are pushing Rohingyas out of Myanmar. It also Consul. Taken up by French feminists as an icon of the looks at key stakeholders with varying levels of power and primordial feminine, the Beggarwoman is a searing example, influence along with their interests in the problem. The I argue, of the European drive to dissolve the Southeast memorandum will then explore four alternative policies Asian subject. Cast out by her mother for illegitimate summarized as follows: pregnancy, the Beggarwoman spends ten years ranging over
1. Amend the 1982 Citizenship Law; Indochina before stopping in Calcutta. She has lost her hair,
2. Allow the UN and international humanitarian her wits, her language, and countless children along the way, agencies access to Rakhine State; and spends her days singing and swimming in the Ganges.
3. End the persecution of Rohingyas, including The tale of the Beggarwoman is the fantasy of another restrictions on their basic human rights and character, Peter Morgan, who has made her the center of his freedoms; and, novel. Peter Morgan relishes his narrative power to make the
4. Act against those spreading hate speech against Beggarwoman monstrous. By novella’s end, she is hardly Rohingyas and Muslims in Myanmar.Based on the recognizable as human, tearing the head off a live fish with examination of the above alternative policies her teeth and slipping into the sea. My analysis of the according to effectiveness as the most important Beggarwoman emphasizes this creaturely turn. Tracing how criterion, the memorandum will conclude that she becomes aquatic, I argue that Peter Morgan abjects the policy alternative 2 is the most effective in view of Beggarwoman by making her identical with the slick, teeming the current political climate in Myanmar. The totem of the fish. Problematizing the Beggarwoman’s memorandum adds that the other three policy appropriation by French feminist theorists, I unpack the alternatives are also important in finding a long- material and gendered aspects of her dehumanization, term solution to the Rohingyas issue. arguing that they are ultimately too Eurocentric and too uninterested in race and coloniality to account for the Andrea Jian Chen degraded Indochinese subject. The paper ends with an The University of Hong Kong alternative reading of the Beggarwoman as naga, a Hindu Investigation of the Idea of Nestorian Crosses— Based water serpent. This reading strategy restores the on F. A. Nixon’s Collection Beggarwoman’s cultural specificity and returns her to a Southeast Asian imaginary. It is generally agreed that the study of the Nestorian Cross (a kind of bronze piece believed to be an early Chinese Christian Stephen Filler relic), has great significance both for the developing study of Oakland University Jingjiao and for ethnographic studies of the Nestorian Masculinity and Male “Losers” in the fiction of Machida Mongol people. The most important question that Kō examination, is convincing enough as a basis upon which to build the interpretation. This paper focuses on issues concerning all aspects of the concept of Nestorian Crosses, Machida Kō (b. 1972) is a punk-rock singer and popular looking first into the history of such an idea, then author of fiction known for his playful, exuberant style that investigating its inner logic, and finally challenging its hard combines dialect, punning, and wordplay with serious evidence. It is hoped that the conclusions of this paper will psychological and social commentary. This paper will initiate a paradigm shift in the current study of this topic.we consider Machida’s use of a character type that is, on the should ask, however, is are these so-called Nestorian Crosses surface, a familiar one in Japanese literature: the part of the Mongolian Nestorian heritage? In other words, “superfluous man” who, while talented and in a position for before starting to interpret the pieces in question, we need conventional success, lacks ambition and motivation and to ask if the identification, made at the first step of remains in a marginal social position.I will consider studies of masculinity in Japanese literature by scholars such as Janet Shibamoto Smith, and the theme of the “superfluous man” in
16 Abstracts the fiction of the Meiji period and beyond, as addressed by juxtaposition of Western individualism and Confucianism’s Kenneth Henshall, to provide a framework for understanding societal prioritization are used as an example from which what is distinct about Machida’s portrayal of contemporary democracy can still operate effectively. Ultimately, the clarity young Japanese men. Many of his characters are “dame gained provides an objective conceptualization Asian and otoko,” outsiders who often exhibit artistic and other talents other democracies. but have no steady job.These characters are portrayed in large part through a stream-of-consciousness narration that Keiko Hirata depicts daily events – sometimes mundane, sometimes California State University, Northridge bizarre – from the point of view of the male character. They Revisiting the Abe Doctrine: Pragmatic Realism in the are motivated by contradictory and arbitrary impulses, and New World Order struggle to understand the motivations of those around them. Machida’s narratives paradoxically suggest the futility The “Abe Doctrine,” Japanese Prime Minister Abe Shinzo’s of mind reading while building up persuasive accounts of the strategy for the country’s foreign and security policy, has workings of his characters’ minds.This paper considers in received much attention from scholars and journalists in particular his novels Shreds (Kiregire, 2000), The Gongen recent years (Hughes 2015; Dobson 2017). Abe is one of the Market Dancer (Gongen-ichi no odoriko, 2006), and longest serving prime ministers in Japan and has brought Confession (Kokuhaku, 2005). I will show how Machida uses stability to Japanese politics since he returned to power in his portrayal of the mental processes of his (mostly) male 2012. Abe has actively engaged in world affairs, becoming characters to comment on contemporary social conditions the most well-travelled Japanese prime minister in history and to affirm the humanity of characters who may be (Panda 2014). Yet the exact nature of the Abe Doctrine has derided as “failures” by the larger society. remained elusive. What exactly is the Abe Doctrine and how will it affect Japan’s foreign and security policy and East Cameron Gil Asian politics in the future? This paper revisits the Abe California State University, Northridge Doctrine and analyzes the underlying principles of the What Democracy Is: One-Party States and Re- doctrine. It untangles the policies related to the doctrine and Conceptualizing Democracy examines their short and long-term effects. The paper demonstrates the contrast between Abe’s contentious This paper uses Japan and Singapore as examples of one- ideology, which has generated much controversy, and the party states at contrasting stages of democratization from less-recognized but fundamental pragmatism of his doctrine 1965 to 1995 in an effort to re-conceptualize the definition as Japan seeks to counter China’s military rise. of democracy. The mainstream model used to define a democracy is tested with these states in particular as they Dongchen Hou hold many variables relatively constant such as GDP growth, University of Arizona geopolitical constraints, resource dependency, foreign Who is the author?—Calligraphy Robots’ Displacement inspired parliaments, and political culture. By using this of the Human Hand in Writing unique set of parallel states, this paper strips away biases of democratization and examines the core mechanics of The development of digital technologies has greatly changed democracy in these two states leading to an exploration of the human-machine relationship in art, and the calligraphy respective deficiencies. The checklist of democratic features robot is one of the prominent examples. Various calligraphy (political assembly, voting rights, unrestricted media, etc.) is robots have emerged in regions such as Japan, Hong Kong, found insufficient to fully explain if Japan and Singapore are Taiwan and Mainland China. Though with slight differences democracies, regardless of liberal or illiberal values- in design, calligraphy robots share a similar mechanism: they judgements. To determine if the popular will is being record the human hand’s movement in art-making expressed and used in governance, the paper proposes a way processes—writing calligraphy—with motion sensor devices to re-conceptualize democracy by examining the attached to a brush, and then reproduce calligraphy writing consequences and motivations of the actions of governors at by retrieving data on human bodily movement. The initial discrete moments and through trends. By repositioning the purpose of the invention is to preserve the ancient writing culture and values of a state into this triad of political action art, calligraphy, yet, the implication on the deepened human- we are able to keep the irreducible factors of democracy machine relationship in art triggers the controversial issue: separate and objectively measurable. This separation of who is the author of the final written products, the human or values and mechanics allows for democracy to be localized the machine? Drawing on Roberts’s (2007) labor theory of and made appropriate to different values and priorities. The culture, I pay special attention to the differentiation of
17 Abstracts productive labor and artistic labor and the issue of Masami Kimura authorship in the discussion around calligraphy robots. Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Significantly influenced by digital devices in art, calligraphers’ What Do Japanese College Students Know about the subjectivities no longer attain traditional self-sufficient Asia-Pacific War?: Historical Memories and Multiple autonomy but incorporate with general social techniques. Factors Examined However, even with the help of digital devices, the artistic labor resided in the human hand is the eternal locus of In 2015, many countries commemorated the seventieth authorship. anniversary of the end of World War II, but wartime
experiences and memories still linger in East Asia and remain Kun Jiao a diplomatically volatile issue. For a long time, history Wuhan University, China education has been a central concern in Japan, China, and When Neo-Confucianism Enters the Ming Political Korea, and accordingly some research on Japanese history World: Rethink about the Ideological Movement textbooks – or their descriptions of the Asia-Pacific War and Initiated by Wang Yangming comfort women – has been done, unearthing an insufficiency in how history is taught in Japan. However, history textbooks The momentous Neo-Confucian ideological movement are not the only source of knowledge: historical memories launched by middle Ming scholar-official Wang Yangming is a are also formed by family experiences, media reports, phenomenon without comparable precedence in the dramas, movies, documentaries, novels, memoirs, visits to dynasty’s history. What made Wang Yangming’s thoughts of memorial sites, internet information, as well as teachers’ much greater influence than their predecessors was largely interpretation and narrative. In this presentation, based on political factors. Unlike early Ming scholars who suffered surveys by first-year college students, I seek to clarify how from an oppressing attitude from the state, Wang Yangming they have learned history: more specifically, to find out what and some other Neo-Confucian scholars of his generation they know and how they view Japan’s involvement in the were the first ones to be allowed the space to fully mobilize Asia-Pacific War, and unravel the factors influencing their the political resources at their hand to promote an understanding of the event. I hope to figure out whether ideological movement. The methods of doing this includes “national” history and the narratives prevalent in postwar actively recruiting followers from the officialdom and Japan, which emphasize the brutality of the Japanese students of Confucian schools, patronizing academies, military, the suffering and misery of Japanese citizens, and organizing gatherings to discuss the learning, and so on. the development of pacifism, are still dominant or Another factor that helped form Wang’s ideological challenged by personal history and transnational history due movement was the moral decay in the officialdom he to individualization of social values and life, diffusion of experienced in his early career. As one of a group of young information, and intercultural contact, which would court officials who were eager to pursue reputation and essentially demonstrate the limits and potentiality of history promotion, he saw how his friends like Li Mengyang devoted education at school. themselves to reckless political movements that climaxed in the anti-eunuch campaign in the beginning of the Zhengde Nini Kong Reign, the one that brought miseries to its participants, Shanghai Normal University including Wang himself. At the same time, Wang Yangming The folk forms of Neo-Confucianism in Song-Yuan also witnessed how some elite politicians, led by Grand Period Secretary Li Dongyang, betrayed their fellow literati-officials and submitted to the court eunuchs led by Liu Jin. It is the soul-searching caused by this painful experience that led During Song-Yuan period, the development pattern of Neo- Wang to establish his learning of mind and launch a Confucianism in basic society unit presents its various movement to refresh nation’s, especially the literati’s characteristics when it diverted from the field of ideology to morality. the sociology. Many middle and lower intellectuals like tutors in private schools had a great effect in spreading Neo- Confucianism because they not only emphasized the interpretation of those great books from ancient time, but also combined the truth, religious belief and traditional customs together in much easier way which made Neo- Confucianism become an important part of folk culture. Therefore, the ways of spreading feudal ethical code are
18 Abstracts more complicated than what the researchers thought. The described as “terrorist and subversive activities” in the early enhancement of Neo-Confucianism’s effect in basic society period right after liberation. The author shall argue that the unit changed the public’s manner of their behavior which North Korean police service was created under Soviet was never seen before and accelerated the development of tutelage in response to a power vacuum as a means to modernization as a whole. This paper focuses on the analysis control the local population and confront the issue of about life ethics and social behaviors of folk families to political crime and violence. The formation and interaction of investigate and demonstrate the deep effects and the reality different branches of NK police service including criminal of Neo-Confucianism to basic society unit. police, railway police, and navy police in different regions, provinces, and communities shall also be discussed. The Colleen Laird research is based on original Soviet documents from the Western Washington University Soviet Civil Administration (USGASK) and the 25th Army Screened and Not Heard: the Transnational Treasure collections of TsAMORF (Central Archive of the Ministry of Text of Kikuchi Rinko. Defence of Russian Federation), as well as a wide variety of North and South Korean primary and secondary sources and In the US-Mexican-French film Babel (2006), Japanese actress sources from the US archives. Rinko Kikuchi plays an unruly, sexually curious, deaf teenager suffering from PTSD. For her performance, Kikuchi received Giseung Lee over 25 nominations for international awards, including the University of North Carolina at Charlotte first Academy Award nomination for a Japanese actress in Middle School English Education and Teacher Education fifty years. Two years later, she played exotic demolitions in South Korea expert Bang Bang, a silent but for three English words role, in Rian Johnson’s Brothers Bloom (2008). In her most recent Due to globalization and active export/import amongst transnational film trek across the pacific rim, Kikuchi’s countries, the importance of English education has become taciturn character, unable to discern fiction from reality, important in South Korea (henceforth Korea). As Korea is one relies on the eloquence of body language to travel across of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and borders, languages, and film cultures in search of Steve Development (OECD) countries that plays important roles in Buscemi’s buried riches in David Zellner’s Kumiko, the global trading, English education has gained more popularity Treasure Hunter (2014). Traversing eight years on (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, international screens, Kikuchi has rapidly aged from nubile 2016). In 2008, the Lee administration announced the teen (Babel) to “overaged” Japanese social castoff (Kumiko), proposal for English Immersion to keep up with the recent and yet two important characteristics remain constant: she is trends in global society. However, Koreans’ English speaking forever the mostly silent subaltern target of a “foreign” proficiency is still comparatively low in the OECD countries. sexualized gaze. This paper analyzes the star text of Rinko Unlike the outstanding performances with Program for Kikuchi as not just an articulation of “what it is to be a human International Student Assessment (PISA) or Trends in being in contemporary society” (Dyer, 1986) but what it is to International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) scores, be a specifically female and Japanese body that articulates Korean students’ speaking proficiency is still low. gender, race, and nationality in transnational film industries Interestingly, on the most accredited English proficiency tests (Meeuf & Raphael, 2013). With particular attention to her such as the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and role in Kumiko, I argue that Kikuchi houses complex identities the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC), of circulated stereotypes (both domestic and international) Koreans are doing exceptionally well. The question arises of the Japanese woman in one signified, silenced body. that despite favorable performances of PISA, TIMMS, TOEFL, and TOEIC, why are Koreans’ English speaking proficiency Vasilii Lebedev scores still low? The researcher only focused on middle Korea University (Seoul) school English education as there are special purpose high In search of Law and Order: political crime, violence schools such as science and math, foreign language, and art- and the formation of the North Korean police force. focused high schools. Since compulsory education is up to the middle school level, every Korean person receives the The power vacuum in liberated Korea and its division into same curriculum up until that point. This research examines two zones of occupation made the formation of a new the current educational context, primarily of middle school in judicature an imperative for controlling the local population. South Korea and the policy and practice issues that arise This paper shall focus on the creation of the judicial and within this context regarding teacher education in English as police system in North Korea in the context of what is a second language.
19 Abstracts
Ming-yen Lee among the elderly seems to reflect the current situation as Nanhua University well as accumulation of life history. Second, the fact that the From Chinoiserie to Chinked-Out: “Chinese-Wind” and life satisfaction of the elderly is mediated by social health Music Videos in the Production of Mandopop means that there is a possibility to promote social health through public intervention. The Mandopop industry was born in the 1920s jazz era in Republican Shanghai. It relocated to Hong Kong during the Mark Levine Chinese Civil War and spread to Taiwan in the 1970s. Hong Morehouse College Kong continues to have a thriving Mandopop industry, but Aesthetics, Subjectivity, and Childhood Memory in the Taiwan is the undisputed leader of this popular culture Literary Reminisces of Bing Xin, Xu Yunuo, and Feng industry. Mandopop has ushered in individualist ideologies Zikai and a globalized consumer culture, and it has provided a space to talk about human emotions such as love, loneliness Recent scholarship on literary memory has shed light on the and sorrow that have traditionally been highly discouraged intersections of memory, phenomenology, aesthetics, and by both the government and traditional Chinese cultural identity. As Evelyn Ender argues, in Architexts of Memory: values. In the 2000s, Taiwanese composer and singer, Jay Literature, Science, and Autobiography (U. of Michigan Press, Chou (࿘ᮽ , born 1979) and songwriter Vincent Fang 2005), memory is a product of art: there is a scenic and a (᪉ᩥᒣ , born 1969), coined the term “Chinese Wind” melodic quality to literary reminiscence. Furthermore, (Zhongguo feng ୰ᅧ㢼 ) to describe the fusion of Chinese memory’s reality effect is inextricably linked to language and orchestra music with modern rock and contemporary R&B narrative. My paper investigates the connection between music. This paper examines the “Chinese-Wind” music and memory, aesthetics, and identity by examining mnemonic music videos in the production of Mandopop in scenes and the elaboration of personal memory in short contemporary Taiwan. It draws on the cases of Jay Chou and fiction and essays by prominent writers of the Literary Leehom Wang (⋤ຊᏹ, born 1976) to illustrate the Research Association, a leading literary group in 1920s China. relationship between Chinese music and moving images. I In particular, I will analyze the elaboration of childhood argue that the production of “Chinese Wind” Mandopop is a memory in such works as Bing Xin’s “Past Events” ( ), Xu reflection of an intensely hybrid environment of the Chinese- Yunuo’s “In the Cradle” (ᅾ㏯䮖慴 ), and Feng Zikai’s several speaking world. My paper will discuss how music essays on childhood. Through my close reading of these instrumentation and moving images contributed to the literary texts, I show how literary memory is at once a creation of the so-called “Chinese-Wind” Mandopop. creative and aesthetic act in pursuit of individual subjectivity and identity. Myoung-Jin Lee and Joo Hee Son Korea University Mengyao Liu The Roles of Socioeconomic Status and Social Health in University of Washington Life Satisfaction Among the Korean Elderly Experiments in the Anthropocene: Toward a Transformative Eco-Aesthetic in the Work of Four This study analyzed how the socioeconomic status affects life Contemporary Chinese Visual Artists satisfaction among the Korean elderly. In addition, it examined the intermediate effect of social health in the In China, there remains a chasm between the image of the relation. For this purpose, the data from 7,978 elderly people Anthropocene and how it is imagined. This paper will expand aged 65 years old included in the Social Survey 2015 of upon that disconnection in Chinese visual culture and how it National Statistical Office were used. The main results of the reflects broader directions in the Chinese environmental analysis are as follows. First, the higher level of life imagination. This paper contends that the grammar of satisfaction was found among the elderly with higher level of environmentalism in the work of and reception to Cai Guo- education, Second, the effect of education on life satisfaction Qiang’s Falling Back to Earth series and The Ninth Wave are was somewhat different by the level of social health, such as epistemically inundated with rigid binaries between humans social support, group activity, and leisure activities, These and their environment, which are unsuitable in the face of results have the following implications. First, it was the deconstructed boundaries of the Anthropocene. It confirmed that the cumulative difference according to the continues with an analysis of visual artists Yao Lu and Yang level of education still existed in the old age, which could Yongliang, whose use of classical shanshui iconography invite the overall life satisfaction. The gap of life satisfaction provides a unique channel through which cultural theories of
20 Abstracts the Anthropocene variegate and become less Eurocentric in Protection Act in 1954, and especially focuses on established their delineation of how this environmental epoch subverts elder artists; and Korean Artists Welfare Foundation(KAWF) the assumptions of the one preceding. Finally, the paper was founded by Artist Welfare Act in 2011, and focuses on examines the water ink prints of Chen Qi, whose woodcuts not yet established artists for whom it is necessary to verify tend to fall outside of commentaries on Chinese their status as an artist in order to receive social benefits. environmental art. His partially woodcut, partially However, South Korean policies for supporting artists along computerized images of water and landscapes are unique in those Acts and organizations are focusing more on ‘what their blurring of subject/object distinctions. Indeed, drawing happened after creative activities’ rather than ‘inspiring from China’s extensive history of agricultural development, artists to live by earnings from their creative activities.’ It is, his work underscores the extent to which both human and for example, the first objective for KAWF to disseminate and nonhuman agency has shaped the environment in China. fix the Standard Agreement for Artist in the art scene. Taken together, these artists demonstrate the need for new Moreover, it is only available to apply the Agreement for critical readings that redefine the objectives of creating specific genres that are easy to build a company such as environmental media, which recognizes the environment as dance, theatre, film/broadcasting and design. Because of the simultaneously a man-made product of civilizational distinctive feature of different art genre, it has a need to development and as an encompassing ecosystem that has develop various artists’ support policies. Thus, it should aim shaped society and culture. to encourage artists to deeply engage in their creation.
Michimi Muranushi Nao Okumura Department of Law, Gakushuin University University of Nevada, Reno The Rohingya IDP Cam in Sittwe Japanese dialect ideology from Meiji to the present
The Rohingya, the most persecuted ethnic group of Asia, or There is increasing interest in regional dialects in Japan of the world, are kept inside the state of Rakhine of although most people, especially in urban areas, are familiar Myanmar, without freedom to move, unless they decide to with (if not fluent in) kyōtsū-go (‘Common language’). We flee by boat to fall into the hands of human-traffickers. I see souvenirs and trinkets that highlight dialectical visited the so-called IDP camp in Sittwe, the capital of the differences and TV programs that feature regional dialects. state of Rakhine, where more than one hundred thousand However, until the 1970s people were more likely to believe Rohingyas live in the area encircled by barbed wires. Showing in the superiority of standard Japanese (hyōjun-go), and the footages I shot in the camp, I would like to discuss(1) regional dialects were associated with an ‘unsophisticated’ How the animosity of the Burmese Buddhists towards the image. In fact, standard language was believed to be superior Rohingya muslims are related to the process of as a result of language policy that had its origins in Meiji and democratization of Myanmar.(2) How and why the policies lasted through WWII. This included education policy that toward the Rohingya by the NLD and Aung San Suu Kyi have required school children to learn hyōjun-go. The aim of the failed and will continue to fail in the future.(3) How the dissemination of hyōjun-go was to create a unified Japan in diaspora of the Rohinga is related to the slave labor in the the time when many countries were achieving nation state fishing industries of Thailand.(4) How the people inside the status after the Industrial Revolution. Although the less people in the virtual concentration camp are dehumanized strict-sounding term kyōtsū-go became more common after and disempowered. the war, speaking a common language continues to play a role in unifying the country. But, in the course of post-war Eun Na ‘democratization’ there emerged greater acceptance of Korea Foundation Global Museum Intern, The University of language variety: dialect. Thus, there has been a shift in Oregon’s Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art language ideology in Japan. By examining policy documents, Support System for Artists in South Korea historical events and societal change, I discuss the shift of language ideology in Japan, and analyze it from the In Republic of Korea (South Korea), there are multiple perspective of Bourdieu’s notion of linguistic capital. government-affiliated organizations to support artists’ creative activities. In addition, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism(MCST) has built up the related law such as Cultural Protection Act from 1954. There are two typical organizations for supporting artists; the National Academy of Arts, Republic of Korea(NAA) was founded by Cultural
21 Abstracts
Kristen Parris and interviews with individuals important to the process of Western Washington University creating the monuments as well as those who opposed and Neighborhood Governance in China and the US. Do continue to oppose the monuments. The first memorials they Rhyme? were built in smaller communities and were supported by predominantly only by the Korean population. They were In this paper I consider community building in the China small, simple, and placed in low traffic areas. As time went (Hangzhou) and the US (Seattle). It may seem like an unlikely on, memorials became larger, were built in more visible pairing given the differences. In many (perhaps most) ways areas, better funded, and gained a larger base of support. they could not be more different in terms of regime types, Interest groups supporting different ethnicities, human rights levels of economic development, historical experience, groups, and spiritual groups all support the creation of the culture etc. So much so that I hardly need to outline those latest memorial. The meaning of the monuments has also differences. I undertake this comparison because, in the become more convoluted with the creation of each tradition of the “most different” case study comparison, if memorial. we find common patterns of significance in cases so different, they are certainly patterns that are worth careful Thomas H. Reilly consideration. In this paper my goal is to bring China into Pepperdine University comparative perspective in a way that China is not Saving Shanghai and the Nation: The YMCA and the understood not as unique or Asian as opposed to European National Salvation Movement, 1935-1941 or Western. Rather I am interested in exploring how we might see China as a state among states, comparable with National Salvation was the slogan and aspiration of patriotic the US in ways that matter for our understanding of Chinese in 1911, in 1919, in 1925 and in 1931. But only one contemporary politics, state society relations as any other movement has been designated “The National Salvation comparison. In particular I argue that community building Movement,” and this is the one which was sparked by and neighborhood governance are techniques of student protests in Beijing on December 9, 1935, in response government that are now integral to state building in both to renewed Japanese aggression in northern China.These the China and the US and reflect a significant and resonate protests developed into a larger patriotic movement once shift in the nature of state power. The changing nature of they hit Shanghai, where they were led by a broad range of state society relations that is reflected at the most local level the urban elite, from bankers and left-wing writers, to textile is not the same, but it rhymes (to misquote somebody who mill managers and alumni of St. John’s University. The may not be Mark Twain). breadth of this movement was already a partial realization of one of the major goals of the movement, that of unifying the Meraleigh Randle Chinese people in the face of the Japanese threat, and Texas Christian University conferred on the movement much of its legitimacy and Memory and Remembrance Abroad: Comfort Women influence. Such a breadth was made possible because of the Memorials in the United States participation of groups such as the Chinese Young Men’s Christian Association. A friend of the Nationalists, the YMCA Comfort Women were not American; they were Korean, facilitated the participation of similar, centrist groups even as Filipina, Dutch, Chinese, and Indonesian women and girls the movement reached out to left-leaning groups, including who were kidnapped by the Japanese Imperial military. the CCP. These networks were vital in realizing the These women, with the blessing of the government, were movement’s short- term goal of compelling the Nationalist forced to be sex slaves throughout WWII. Although the government to confront the Japanese, but these same urban victims and survivors weren’t American, by 2010 there were elite networks proved decisive for the longer term, as well, nine memorials built within the United States in honor of during the Nationalist government’s struggle with the Comfort Women – more than any other country but South Communists after the war. Korea. This paper investigates why the U.S. has the most monuments in the world outside of South Korea, E. Bruce Reynolds commemorating the suffering of Comfort Women. It looks at San Jose State University why the monuments were dedicated in the 2000s, decades A Unique but Pleasing Heathen Land: Missionary after international outcry over the mistreatment of Comfort Tourists in Early Meiji Japan Women were first raised. This paper examines how and why the meaning of the memorials has changed. It relies on On July 24, 1872 fledgling missionaries Henry Porter and newspaper articles, city and county government documents, Arthur and Emma Smith landed in Japan for a 12-day sojourn
22 Abstracts en route to take up their duties with the American Board operations, in order to discourage people in developing North China mission. Happy to be on solid ground after a countries from decoupling their futures from Western three-week sea voyage from San Francisco and eager to hegemony. We discuss what the consequences are of experience an Asian culture for the first time, the three took characterizing the Chinese investment presence in Africa as full advantage of the opportunity to see Japan, visiting generally neo-liberal, but with noteworthy points of Yokohama, Tokyo, Kobe, Osaka and Nagasaki, finding it an divergence from the practices of non-Chinese investors. exceedingly beautiful land peopled by most polite and intelligent "heathens." Porter described their experiences in Baik Seung Suk great detail in his letters home, providing an interesting Yeungnam University glimpse of life in early Meiji Japan. America Represented in Colonial Korea’s Theatre during Asian-Pacific War Ricardo De Mambro Santos Willamette University Colonial Korea’s theatre had showed anti-Americanism Kitano Beats Takeshi: Irony as a Creative Mode during Asian-pacific War. America and Korea had been related friendly for a long time, because Americans had Widely known in Japan as a TV showman as well as a comic helped Koreans with education, medicare, christianity etc. character, Beat Takeshi has become in the Nineties an But, according to the change of Japanese war policies, internationally acclaimed film director, especially after America was defined as common enemy of Asian nations. It having received the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival could be called as Asian-nationalism molded by imperial with "Hana-Bi." The paper will explore the centrality of irony Japan. Under the viewpoint of Asian-nationalism, colonial and game as a metaphor in Takeshi Kitano's filmography Korean theatre displayed their imagination of Anti- focusing, in particular, on the trilogy dedicated to a Americanism on stage. Anti-Americanism was specified by metareflection on movie making processes, namely, the exposure of missionaries’ hypocrisy, the American’s "Takeshi's," "Glory to the Filmmaker" and "Achilles and the greediness toward the mining right of goldmine, or the Tortoise. liberalism introduced from America that hurt Korea’s traditional virtues, etc.. Japan had captured Asian nations Barry Sautman and Yan Hairong into the discourse of their imperialistic nationalism like Hong Kong University of Science & Technology and Hong these. Historically, Asian-pacific war made new combination Kong Polytechnic University of pro-Japanese and Anti-Americanism in colonial Korea. Differences at the Margin: Understanding the Chinese Because, during the Asian-pacific war, pro-Japanese group Presence in Africa became naturally representative anti-American advocates. However, in the research of the origin of Korea’s anti- Western elites created, practiced or supported modern Americanism, the experience of anti-Americanism during colonialism, but now, faced with China as a 21st Century Asian-pacific war had been usually overlooked. Because, “strategic rival,” they disparage Chinese as neocolonialists. anti-Americanism of Korea had been told by leftists generally This characterization is propagandistic, not analytical; yet we who have insisted the liquidation of pro-Japanese group. This still must grapple with how Chinese capital and Chinese paper examined another origin of Anti-Americanism through people interact with developing countries. Based on the research of theatrical imagination of Anti-Americanism fieldwork focused on Chinese investment in a dozen African during Asian-pacific war and revealed their discourses. countries, we note that scholars have shown what the Chinese presence in Africa is not: neither neo-colonialism, as Sikang Song Western sources typically claim, nor simple Washington State University developmentalism, as Chinese government sources maintain. Consumerism and Nationalism: The Emergence of We seek to show what the Chinese presence in Africa is, a Modern Tobacco Culture in the early-twentieth-century presence summed up in the phrase “differences at the China margin.” These differences have several aspects. First, Chinese investment remains marginal, compared to Chinese From 1900s to 1930s, when the British-American Tobacco investment in the world and investment in Africa by other Company (BAT) began to expand its business in China, countries. Second, Chinese investment generally complies Chinese cigarette consumption experienced a dramatic with the neoliberal global order, but does challenge some increase. By employing the mass marketing methods that local-level monopoly practices. Third, the clamor against had proved successful in the West, BAT brought modern “China-in-Africa” often focuses on marginal Chinese
23 Abstracts consumer culture directly from the United States to China. the country, ideologically speaking. Despite the differences, Through its nationwide advertising system, BAT promoted there was no fundamental divide between North Korean and the idea of “modern” cigarettes among Chinese consumers. other socialist states’ ideologies in the years after Stalin. Over the decades, Chinese smokers progressively abandoned Ideological differences, rather, were interpretative struggles the traditional forms of smoking and embraced the cigarette grounded in a common language—they were discursive. because they perceived it as a “Western” import and an Thus, North Korean ideological developments actually iconic “modern” consumer product.At the same time, indicate a global interconnectedness, not isolation. indigenization also occurred with Chinese tobacco culture as cigarette manufacturers and Chinese consumers attempted Reiko Tachibana to justify the consumption of “foreign” cigarettes in the The Pennsylvania State University context of emerging Chinese nationalism. Throughout the Japan Diaspora in the 1930s first half of the twentieth century, the Chinese launched the
National Products Movement to nationalize Western Early in the twentieth century, when Japanese workers faced commodities and the modern consumer culture by exclusion from the U.S., the Japanese government instead attempting to redirect consumer spending to goods promoted emigration to Brazil, where there had been a manufactured by native Chinese companies. As a purely shortage of labor for the coffee plantations since black Western-originated consumer good, the cigarette often slavery was ended in 1888. The first wave of Japanese- became a target of the movement. In response, Chinese Brazilian labor migration was inaugurated with the 1908 companies and BAT both made great efforts to legitimize voyage of the Kasato Maru.Thousands more would soon their products as “China made” by emphasizing strong make the transpacific voyage, seeking new opportunities, Chinese characteristics in tobacco advertising. The cigarette, and many of them and their descendants were to remain in therefore, gradually evolved from a “foreign import” to a Brazil, which now has the world’s largest overseas “national product” in the process. community of Japanese descent, the nikkei Brazilians. The
aspirations and dreams of the emigrant generations, the Thomas Stock trauma and disappointment they frequently encountered, UCLA and Japan’s ambivalence toward them and their Under Attack: Fraternal Criticism, Global Discourse, and descendants––including towards some who live in Japan the Development of North Korean Ideology today as temporary workers (dekasegi), in a reversal of this century-long diaspora— have been narrated in accounts Among scholars, there exists a clear tendency to highlight ranging from newspaper reports, fictions, and films. This the exceptionality of North Korean thought. Scholarship presentation intends to focus on the Sobo Trilogy about early typically stresses such facets as Confucianism, nationalism, emigrants written byIshikawa Tatsuzô (1905–85). I will show and heterodoxy vis-à-vis Marxism. In other words, North how these stories embody shifting assessments of the sense Korean ideology is examined through a local lens that of loss and renewal among participants in the Japanese- focuses on the indigenous aspects. The following study Brazilian diaspora during the 1930s, when Japan’s colonial challenges these localized readings of North Korean ideology, expansionism was at its zenith. The three stories are shifting our attention to North Korean ideology’s global interrelated in complex ways to imperial history, to aspects. Focusing on the 1960s, a time during which North Ishikawa’s own experience, and to the role of literature in Korea began to openly challenge Soviet orthodoxy, this this era of censorship and Japanese political debate. study, through the use of East German archival materials, attempts to generate a historical and comparative Chulanee Thianthai understanding of North Korean ideological developments. It Chulalongkorn University may be tempting to read these developments as part of an Thai Multigenerational Family Connection: A Case inevitable course, rooted in some historical legacy or postcolonial mindset, but this is far too simplistic. Changes in Study on Impact of Familial Activities on Health and North Korean ideology had more to do with the immediate Well-being of the Elderly and Adolescents in Bangkok present than the long gone past. They were structured temporally as well as spatially. That is, North Korea could not Asian family is often recognized by its uniqueness of simply step outside of its immediate world. To the contrary, traditional values, multigenerational ties, and roles each in order to remain relevant, North Korea embedded itself in generation plays in familial relations. Aging society is fast this world. Although “fraternal” socialist states often becoming one of the undeniable social problems in Asian criticized North Korea, they nonetheless shared much with countries. To date, there has rarely been research that
24 Abstracts highlights how Asian familial relations in modern-day instructional tool for students who desire to enhance their activities can enhance the health and wellbeing of the speaking skills in a short period of time. This paper highlights elderly, particularly those who live in metropolitan areas. the positive impact of ACTFL OPI guidelines on high school Using Activity Theory and the four aspects of “health and students preparing for AP Chinese language and culture well-being” -- that is physical, psychological, social, and exam. Being familiar with the ACTFL OPI Guidelines will help spiritual health as a focal point, this research aims to gain teachers determine students' progress and evaluate their insights into how Bangkok adolescents and elderly people performance while preparing for both simulated find ways to utilize their strong familial relationships and conversation and cultural presentation tasks. An education activities to contribute to the well-being of both generations. implication from this research is that teachers should explore The data was gathered through in-depth interviews of both more pedagogical methods by studying and comparing other adolescents and elderly people living in 32 households of standardized foreign language assessment, such as Writing different socio-economic status and religious practices (WPT), Reading and Listening Proficiency & Assessment. (Buddhist, Christian, and Muslim). The result illustrates the types of familial activities and relations the participants Ann Wetherell cherish, activity process each participant highlighted to be Willamette University beneficial to their health, and how technology, Guardians of the Dharma, or the Empire? The Nine communication patterns, and the ideology of modern-day Luohans by Zhou Xun (1649-1729) leisure have come to intertwine with the aforementioned family interaction. In conclusion, this research will showcase Guardians of the Dharma, or the Empire? The Nine Luohans examples that provide a clearer picture of how Asian familial by Zhou Xun (1649-1729).In 1997, after nearly 50 years in relations can best tackle the issue of aging society. storage, two long handscrolls by the Qing dynasty professional painter Zhou Xun were recovered at Pacific Bill Topich University in Forest Grove, OR. These previously unknown Pulaski Academy compositions depict luohans or ‘stream crossers’—a special A Decade at War: The Terror Threat to Pakistan 2007- class of Buddhist worthies who were tasked with the 2017 protection of the Buddhist law or Dharma through its decline during the Latter Days (Mofa/ Mappo) until the appearance The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the current of Maitreya, the Buddha of the Future, who would restore terror threat in Pakistan. Since the formation of the Pakistani the Dharma to its fullness.Generally organized in sets of 16, Taliban (TTP) in 2007, Pakistan has been in a continuous civil 18, 100 or 500 figures, luohans emerged as a popular subject war situation that has engulfed the tribal regions as well as in both devotional and secular painting during the Ming and numerous urban centers.Several key areas of concern will be Qing dynasties, appearing in all formats of Chinese addressed within this paper. After providing an overview of painting.This paper explores Zhou Xun’s depictions of the impact the war on terror has on Pakistan the paper will luohans, focusing on his longer handscroll showing Nine address the key internal and external actors central to the Luohans in a Landscape. Zhou’s painting breaks with decisions made by the government. Following this, an convention in depicting only nine luohans, and opens with a evaluation of the numerous terrorist organizations will be dramatic scene of an attacking dragon, which seems addressed. The paper will conclude by looking at the evolving disconnected from the rest of the painting. Based on internal policies by the Pakistani government and military in compositional clues, I argue that the painting should be read addressing the changing nature of the threat. The focal point in two directions, restoring the full set of 18 figures. This in this study will be the time period 2007-2017. reading also links the opening scene with rest of the composition. In addition, I interpret this painting and imagery within the context of Ming loyalism in the early Bonnie Wang Qing; at age 80, Zhou Xun was arrested and jailed for Durham Academy Upper School fomenting a rebellion against the Qing state. Integrating ACTFL OPI guidelines in standard-based AP Chinese class
AP Chinese language and culture exam has been considered as one of the most challenging AP exams for high school students. The interactive and adaptive features of ACTFL OPI naturalizes this assessment to be an educational and
25 Abstracts
Qing Ye this “irreversible” agreement uncertain. Open opposition to Wake Forest University the official agreement in both Japan and South Korea only Absurdity and Ambiguity of the Body in The illustrates how the issue over the “past” remains present in Preposterous Words (Guwangyan) East Asia.In a quarter century since Kim’s testimony, scholars of diverse fields have deepened our understanding of This paper focuses on the Mid-Qing novel Guwangyan comfort woman system and social structure that supported (Preposterous Words, preface dated, 1730s) which is a newly its creation. These scholarship answered many questions discovered novel with lots of graphic sexual descriptions. regarding the system, but little attention has been given to Guwangyan was composed between the publication of Jin the exclusion of the issue of sexual slavery at the first official Ping Mei (1617) and Honglou meng (Dream of the Red trial set to indict Imperial Japan’s war crimes, the Chamber, 1791). These two masterpieces represent sexuality International Military Tribunal for the Far East (the Tokyo and desire by presenting domestic life in polygamous War Crimes Trial). By examining the causes of the exclusion, households set within a larger social landscape. Jin Ping Mei this paper attempts to find a root of the issue of the “past” in uses graphic sexual descriptions to emphasize the authentic present Asia. The tribunal's priority as well as intention to nature of human desire and corporeal pleasure. Honglou formulate a certain narrative of prewar Japan, the author meng rewrites Jin Ping Mei and replaces sex with sentiment. argues, is partially responsible for the current divide over the The aesthetic value of these two novels has attracted “past” among countries in Northeast Asia. scholars of various generations, however, there has been little critical attention focused on domestic works written Ang Yu during the years between the compositions of these two Shandong University, China masterpieces. This paper explores the factors that shifted the Communist Party Membership and Community literary discourse from the pornographic description of Participation in Contemporary Urban China: Evidence sexuality in Jin Ping Mei to the representation of chaste love from CGSS2012 in Honglou meng. I argue that Guwangyan adopts the yin- yang concept to portray the fluidity of the characters’ bodies, In the community building campaign launched at the gender identities, and social roles. This paper will scrutinize beginning of this century in urban China, the delegation of several characters in the novel that avoid being easily welfare responsibility to communities and democratization defined as biological or socially gendered men or women. at the grassroots level both have featured prominently. Through the literary devices of yin-yang hybridity, Participation on the part of community residents as performativity, and camouflage, the text continuously volunteers and voters are indispensable to the success of encourages the readers to explore the genuine gender these initiatives. Therefore, grassroots state agents are eager identity of these characters and to evaluate their social roles. to solicit involvement from those susceptible to their Put differently, the novel indicates a strong (re)consideration mobilization, presumably including Communist Party of gender in which the characters’ biological sex and cultural members. In this article, I intend to investigate the role of gender are demonstrated in a fluid and complementary way. Party members in community volunteering and voting and its differentiation across diverse social groups and Boram Yi neighborhood contexts. Drawing on nationally University of Baltimore representative data, I find that Party membership is indeed Excluded from the Beginning: The Comfort Women, the associated with a stronger propensity to community Tokyo War Crimes Trial, and the Persistent Question of participation. The effects of Party membership tend to be the “Past” in East Asia larger on volunteering than voting, more salient among employed than retired residents, similarly more Since 1991 when a Korean woman, Kim Hak-sun, gave a distinguishable among less socially embedded residents than public testimony on her experience as a comfort woman those extensively embedded in community social network. In during World War II, the comfort woman issue has become danwei neighborhoods, the overall direction of Party one of the most uncomfortable matters concerning the membership’s influence is reversed. These findings shed “past” between Japan and South Korea. In December 2015, some lights on the emphasis, channels and constraints of the governments of Japan and South Korea announced that state’s mobilization that targets Party members as well as they reached a final and “irreversible” agreement on the community residents at large. comfort woman question. However, the recent impeachment of President Park Geun-hye of South Korea, who strongly supported the agreement, made the future of
26 Abstracts
Moxi Zhang how the “silence” is formed among them because of a lack of The University of Hong Kong language skills, an “outsider” mentality and Chinese cultural Landscape, Train, and Identity: Journeys to China of the influence. I will discuss how the symbolic violence and Colonized under Japanese Rule structural violence in American society silenced Chinese immigrants. I predict how this “silence” among Chinese With the intention to challenge the sinocentric paradigm in lower-class immigrants may evolve in the future. East Asian Studies, Karen Thornber’s voluminous work on transculturation within the Japanese empire is effective in highlighting the dynamic border-crossing interactions and movements. However, the tangled relationship between the colonizer and the colonized risks being overlooked. Instead of restoring the sinocentric paradigm, this paper revisits the trope of China, taking the semi-colonial China as a site where the colonized negotiate their identity during their journeys. The two chosen case studies are Taiwanese writer Wu Zhuoliu’s travelogue “Mixed Feelings about Nanjing” (1942) and Korean author Yi T’ae-jun’s work “Record of a Journey to Manchuria”. Inspired by Wolfgang Schivelbusch’s study on the railway journey and W. J. T. Mitchell’s take on landscape as a medium tied to the practices of imperialism, this paper examines the colonized Korean and Taiwanese intellectuals’ encounter with modernity of train and discovery of landscape. It analyzes how rail transport introduced by the Japanese colonizers has changed the colonized’s experience of time and space as well as installed an interior for them. Through a close textual reading, this paper argues that although the colonized intellectuals’ gazing point obtained through the rail journey is constantly changing due to the train’s movement, it leads the colonized to the discovery of landscape, where the colonial reality and accompanied social hierarchy are exposed. And this exposure, in return, plays a pivotal role in the colonized’ identity formation.
Xiaolin Zhao Stanford University Silence as Symbolic Violence Among Contemporary Chinese Immigrants in the U.S. – Based on Fieldwork in Teo-Chew Huiguan in San Francisco’s Chinatown
Chinese immigrants’ communities in the U.S. began to flourish after the 1850s’ Gold Rush. However, the voices of many immigrants were not heard outside of Chinatown and they were "silenced” by American mainstream society symbolically and materially. Even today, Chinatown is considered to be an exclusive and “forbidden city”, though the local residents are lively and vibrant within Chinatown. In this paper, my goal is to analyze how “silence” becomes symbolic violence against contemporary Chinese immigrants in San Francisco’s Chinatown based on my fieldwork in the Teo-Chew Huiguan (Cultural Center) in San Francisco. My descriptions of the working staff in the Huiguan demonstrate
27 Abstracts
Trump, Asia, and America as an Asian Power The political views of North Korean refugees Organizer: Greg Felker Organizer: Yu Inagaki Tsuneo Akaha Yu Inagaki: Repatriation program: Why did people move Kieko Hirata to Nroth Korea? Augustine Lo Yuta Tsubouchi: 50 years economic changes in North Barry Sautman Korea and that effect on returnee from Japan Tuong Vu Ryusuke Narieda: The life of the North Korean defectors after crossing the border
Influence of information on North Korean Juri Sato: Donald Trump’s election to the US Presidency appears to defectors mark a milestone in the history of US-Asia relations. Yet, the challenge of distinguishing between Trump’s unorthodox We know that many North Koreans cross the border into rhetoric and style, on the one hand, and the substance - China and we wish to examine how their worldviews have policy, political, economic, and military - of America’s role in changed once they resettled in China. Our methodology is to Asia, on the other, makes the degree and direction of change use published records, autobiographies, and articles to unclear. A second, broader viewpoint might regard the compare what the North Korean refugees were thinking and implications of the Trump Presidency, not as a rupture in the feeling before, immediately after, and then over the longer history of US-Asia relations, but as embedded within ongoing term after their successful escape from North Korea. We will dynamics or wider trends in the US-Asia relationship. Even if also interview North Korean refugees in Tokyo. The Trump ultimately seeks to shore-up, rather than discard, questions concern their views on North Korea, its leadership America’s traditional approach to Asia, the uncertainty raised and the elite class, and also the possibilities for changing the by his election and rhetoric might catalyze ongoing changes North Korean system from outside. in the US’ regional role. We will also examine the degree of satisfaction among the North Korean refugees in their new countries. Far from Several questions appear particularly urgent: home, are they happy? Or do they think that they have obtained considerably less than they expected? We will conduct these surveys and analyze their psychological state x Has the advent of the Trump Administration raised new in order to develop a typology of the refugees. Specifically, concerns about the durability of America’s commitment we will ask: to leadership in Asia’s international affairs, or perhaps 1. What kind of political consciousness do North Korean the ways in which the US seeks to play that role? If so, refugees hold when crossing the border? What is the biggest what are the likely consequences? factor affecting the subsequent change of their political x How do various Asian countries interpret the consciousness? significance of Trump’s election and early 2. In the case of North Korea, the defectors soon realize that administration, and how might they respond / are they they received in the past an obscurantist education purely responding? for the sake of the regime. Once gaining access to new and x What are the implications of Trump election and unbiased information, will refugees be more willing to fight assumption of the Presidency for the dynamics of against the North Korean regime?. regionalization and regionalism in Asia, i.e. the shaping
of regional order in economic, political, security,
cultural, and normative / identity terms? x What historical patterns and analytic approaches are Nosatsu: A Window on Religion, Art, and Play in Edo helpful in framing discussion of the current historical Japan moment in Asia’s regional politics, particularly with Organizer: Stephen Kohl regard to relations with America and the United States’ Stephen Kohl: From the Sacred to the Profane to Art: an role as an Asian power? Introduction to Nosatsu Ron Green: Buddha and Popular Culture on Pilgrimage Votive Slips in Shikoku Henry Smith: Frederick Starr as a Participant and Observer of Nosatsu Collecting Clubs Glynne Walley: Stand-Up, Sit-Down, and Sprawled-Out Comics: Party Games in Nosatsu and Hokusai's Manga
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Kumiko McDowell: Iseman's 11: Nosatsu Exchange Clubs Russia and Northeast Asia and Networks of Tastes, Traditions and Tattoos Organizer: Tsuneo Akaha Kevin McDowell: From Woodblock Print to Digital Tsuneo Akaha: "A Break-through in Russia-Japan Display: Frederick Starr, Gertrude Bass Warner and the Relations?" Collection of Japanese Votive Slips at the University of Tracy Lyon: "Strategic Influence of Russian Far East Oil and Oregon Gas Industries in North East Asia" Akiko Walley Matthew Levie: "Migratory patterns in the Russian Far East in the 2010s: regional, national and local influences" For centuries Japanese pilgrims have pasted nosatsu (votive Aleksandra Evert: "The Amur Green Belt Programme: A placards) on the walls of the temples they visited. Over time Case Study on Transboundary Protected Areas Governance in the nosatsu evolved into elaborate works of art exchanged the Amur-Heilong River Basin" by groups of enthusiasts. These panels will celebrate the University of Oregon's preeminent nosatsu collection. The panel examines recent developments in the Russian Far East in the energy, migration, and environmental sectors Nationalism Represented: Re-viewing the Landscape against the backdrop of Russia's evolving relations with its of Chinese Art in Modern Times two most important neighbors, China and Japan. Various Organizer: Yi Liu and Yiqing Li modes and areas of cooperation are emerging between the Xing Zhao: Not Realness, but in Reality: China as She Is: A three countries, although some significant political, security, Comprehensive Album, 1934 economic, and environmental concerns and challenges Chuchu Wang: Making Heritage: Chinese Landscape remain that make uncertain the future prospects of painting on Meishu, 1954-1956 cooperation between the countries concerned. The four analyses shed some new light on the current cooperation Yi Liu: The Photography of Mt. Huang in the Early 1960s: A and future prospects based on the authors' interviews with Space for Landscape local experts in Vladivostok and Khabarovsk in late March. Yiqing Li: Landscape Painting in Transformation: Liu Dan’s Microcosmic Landscape Painting Loyalty, Patriotism, and Transnationalism in World A stride away from the canonical landscape art of the War II in Asia and the Pacific premodern history, our discussion scope ranges from modern Chinese landscape photography, realistic painting to Organizer: Noriko Kawamura contemporary abstract painting. This panel aims to view Hilary Dickerson: “Will Die for Cause of Imperial Edict:” anew of the geopolitical landscape of China and to review Paul Tatsuguchi’s Transnationalism in a Time of War critically of the previous, established narratives of Chinese Noriko Kawamura: Historical Memory of Heroes and landscape art vis-à-vis the self-staging and self-reflexivity in Villains on Japan’s Longest Day nationalism. Xing Zhao's essay contextualizes the production, Ashley Wright: Opium, war, and the end of empire in circulation, and reception of the epic photographic volume British Burma, c. 1940-46 China: As She Is in (pos)colonial mentality, ultra-nationalism, Ronald Loftus: Finding the Self: Subjectivity and consumer culture and modernist art movement during the Transnationalism in the Critical Essays of Taoka Reiun (1870- Nanjing Decade. Chuchu Wang explores how the Chinese 1912) Communist Party reconstructed the national art heritage in favor of realism in traditional landscape paintings through World War II created many national and transnational heroes her scrutinization of the debate on Meishu Magazine from and villains. Some of them are based on meticulous historical 1954 to 1956. Yi Liu reexamined the intricate dynamics studies, while others come from public war memory and between the vague ideological correctness, artistic popular culture that are often influenced by stereotyping, legitimacy, and cultural identity of landscape photography mythmaking, and political propaganda for various purposes. through the short-lived popularity of the photography of This panel will examine specific cases that deal with the Mountain Huang in the early 1960s. Yiqing Li's essay questions of national identity, patriotism, loyalty and investigates contemporary Chinese artist Liu Dan’s painting transnationalism of certain individuals in the military and the and its relationship to European Renaissance paintings, government when they were facing international conflicts or analyzing how the artist reconstructs the meaning of transnational experiences during World War II in Asian and landscape painting with his historical consciousness and the Pacific. Hilary Dickerson examines the questions of global viewpoint. national identity and loyalty of Japanese Army Surgeon Paul
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Tatsuguchi’s, who was a Christian educated in California but fought and died for Japan in Attu. Noriko Kawamura explores the historical meaning of the two Japanese films under the same title “Japan’s Longest Day” produced in 1967 and 2015, about the day the Japanese government decided to surrender. Ashley Wright focuses on the intersection of the British Empire’s opium policy in Burma and the Burmese nationalist movement during World War II. Ron Loftus will explore how Taoka Reiun’s thoroughgoing critique of modernity in the prewar years led him to embrace both individual subjectivity and a non-state centered form of transnationalism.
Managing a Historic Macao City: Heritage Conservation, Local Identity and Urban Planning Organizer: Dr. TAM, Chi Kuong Derrick Tam Chi Kuong and Ng Chi Man: Culture and Arts in Macao Community Wong Ka Fai and Chan Cheng: Heritage Educational Programmes Kwah Hou In and Ieong Man Si: Urban Planning perspective Ao Wun Tong and Lio Chi Lan: Macau Light Festival
Macao is the oldest hydrid city, meeting the East and West, of China. The city has been full of Portuguese-style as well as Chinese-style buildings that shaping a unique identity of the people living there. However, the rapid economic development of Macao after returning to her Motherland China in 1999 brings the rebuild, the reconstruct and the reorientation of the city’s outlook and triggers issues for the rebalance of heritage conservation, local identity and urban planning in the city. This panel points to the tango with between heritage conservation, local identity and urban planning in the modern Macao. The paper by Tam and Ng will shed light on the Macao community effort on heritage management and the attribution of local identity. Wong and Chan’s paper will demonstrate the role of non-governmental organization in educating local residents for heritage conservation and cultural identity. Kwah and Ieong will highlight the conflict between urban development and heritage protection in Macao. Ao and Lio discuss the integration of heritage conservation and tourism through community effort.
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