Municipal Waste Recycling Program Quarterly Report Quarter 2; FY 2020 (January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020)

Submission Date: April 30, 2020

Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026 Activity Start Date and End Date: October 1, 2016 to September 24, 2021 COR Name: Silvia Petrova

Submitted by: Marianne Carliez Gillet, Vice President for Global Programs Henri Disselkoen, Chief of Party Development Innovations Group 4330 East-West Highway, Suite 1150 Bethesda, MD 20814 Tel: (301) 664-9644 Email: [email protected]; [email protected]

This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by the Development Innovations Group for the Municipal Waste 0 Recycling Program Task Order.

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PROGRAM OVERVIEW / SUMMARY

Program Name: Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP)

Activity Start Date and End October 1, 2016 to September 24, 2021 Date:

Name of Prime Implementing Development Innovations Group (DIG) Partner:

Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026

Subcontractors: -DAI Global, LLC -The QED Group Name of Subcontractors: Resource Groups: -Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO) -The Earth Institute

Geographic Coverage: Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia (Countries)

January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020 (Quarterly Report: Reporting Period: Quarter 2 FY 2020)

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACOR Alternate Contracting Officer’s Representative AEPW Alliance to End Plastic Waste APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation BINTARI Yayasan Bina Karta Lesari (Indonesia) C3MC Candis III Marketing Cooperative (Philippines) CBO Community-Based Organization CCBO Clean Cities Blue Ocean CCC Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (Sri Lanka) CEA Central Environment Authority (Sri Lanka) CECR Center for Environment and Community Research (Vietnam) CEL Communications, Evidence and Learning COP Chief of Party COR Contracting Officer’s Representative COVID-19 Coronavirus 2019 CRS Catholic Relief Services (Philippines) CSRD Centre for Social Research and Development (Vietnam) DCA Divers Clean Action DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines) DIG Development Innovations Group DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam) DPC District People’s Committee EA Environmental Agency ENDA Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (Vietnam) ENRO Environment and Natural Resources Office EPR Extended Producer Responsibility EWC Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines FC Funding Cycle FMCG Fast-Moving Consumer Goods FY Fiscal Year GAIA Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (Philippines) GIDKP Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (Indonesia) Gringgo Gringgo Indonesia Foundation HCMC Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) IEC Information, Education, and Communication IUNC International Union for Conservation of Nature IWC Independent Waste Collectors KFC Kentucky Fried Chicken LGU Local Government Unit M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MCD Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (Vietnam) MEF Monitoring and Evaluation Factor

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MEPA Marine Environment Protection Authority MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam) MT Metric Tons MTE Mid-Term Evaluation MWRP Municipal Waste Recycling Program NGO Non-Governmental Organization PARMS Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability Inc. PBE Philippines Business for the Environment Inc. PET Polyethylene Terephthalate PILF Public Interest Law Foundation (Sri Lanka) POC Point of Contact PPE Personal Protective Equipment/Gear PPP Public-Private Partnership PRRCFI Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. SLCDF Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation SM SM Supermalls (Philippines) SWM Solid Waste Management USAID United States Agency for International Development USD United States Dollar UGA University of Georgia Research Foundation UPTD Central Recycling Center (Indonesia) WLAB Waste Less Arugam Bay WWF World Wide Fund for Nature (Vietnam) YPBB Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (Indonesia)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PROGRAM OVERVIEW / SUMMARY ...... I ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 OVERALL PROGRAM PERFORMANCE ...... 2

2.1 IMPACT AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MWRP RELATED TO COVID-19 ...... 2 2.2 PROGRESS TOWARDS PROGRAM TARGETS ...... 5 2.3 OVERVIEW OF SMALL GRANTS MANAGEMENT ...... 7 2.4 MONITORING GRANT APPROACHES ...... 7 2.5 COUNTRY ACTIVITIES ...... 8 2.5.1 Philippines ...... 8 2.5.2 Sri Lanka ...... 11 2.5.3 Vietnam ...... 13 2.5.4 Indonesia ...... 15 2.6 STEPS TO EMPOWER WOMEN AND YOUTH UNDER MWRP ...... 18 2.7 LOCAL CAPACITY BUILDING ...... 19 2.8 PRIVATE SECTOR ENGAGEMENT ...... 21 2.9 COORDINATION AND MANAGEMENT ...... 22 2.10 DISSEMINATION, OUTREACH AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ...... 24 FINANCIAL SUMMARY ...... 27 LESSONS LEARNED (POLICY AND PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS) ...... 28 CALENDAR FOR NEXT QUARTER’S PROGRAM ACTIVITIES ...... 30 ANNEX 1: MWRP RESULTS ...... 32 ANNEX 2: DRAFT SUCCESS STORY ...... 50 ANNEX 3: LIFE OF PROGRAM LESSONS LEARNED ...... 51 ANNEX 4: MWRP MEF RESULTS TABLE ...... 61

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This quarterly report covers the Development Innovations Group’s (DIG) activities and results under the USAID-funded Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP) from January 1 to March 31, 2020, the second quarter (Q2) of fiscal year 2020 (FY20), in compliance with DIG’s contract, AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has contracted DIG under the Making Cities Work Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity to provide grants management and technical assistance to USAID in establishing a grants portfolio and recommending approaches for enhanced international cooperation. The purpose of MWRP is to promote the recycling of municipal solid waste which threatens human health and the environment and which, if recycled, could generate economic benefits in Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam and Sri Lanka where poor municipal solid waste management (SWM) practices are resulting in plastics pollution impacting the marine environment.

After obligating a total of USD 5.5 million in grants by September 30, 2019, as stipulated by the MWRP contract, several noteworthy achievements occurred during the reporting period. These accomplishments included: significant advances in implementation start-up by the last group of five grantee projects signed during the final round of grant funding; the completion of two projects in Sri Lanka, one in Vietnam, and one in the Philippines1; and overall progress in the implementation of 30 grantee projects in 32 locations.

In December 2019, China experienced an outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) which soon spread globally. As a response to the outbreak in Asia, in February 2020 the Government of Vietnam restricted public meetings and on March 15, 2020, the Government of the Philippines closed its airports and restricted public movement. Countries around the world have since taken similar measures to help contain the spread of the virus. MWRP grantees continue to operate and implement their projects in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In most cases, meetings and events involving interactions with the public have been postponed and as a result, the majority of grantees have substituted face-to-face training or the provision of technical assistance with online communications. At this time, grantees do not see a significant threat to meeting their project objectives or to spending their project funds even if public gathering and travel restrictions remain in place for the coming months. It is expected that no-cost extensions may have to be considered.

In Q2 FY20, MWRP grantees continued to provide technical assistance to local authorities and the private sector to improve municipal SWM services and raise awareness on ocean plastic pollution within communities by organizing a variety of outreach initiatives. MWRP also continued to support USAID in its efforts to expand international cooperation in reducing ocean plastics and improving the effectiveness of urban SWM efforts. Planning is underway to hold a country-level learning workshop in 2020 in the Philippines similar to the three successful

1 Four projects were completed during the previous reporting periods. 1

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______workshops held during the last reporting period in Vietnam, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. The workshop will provide a venue for MWRP grantees to share their experiences with local governments, international corporations, and global alliances/partnerships.

MWRP continues to remain on track to meet or exceed the ten indicator targets. As of March 2020, while all grantees, MWRP has captured 112 lessons on SWM practices affecting plastic pollution, which have been grouped into 16 categories; influenced and positively affected 47 official regulations including 35 policies and laws and 12 SWM plans; signed 28 agreements related to municipal SWM including public-private partnerships (PPP); and conducted 46 activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into SWM.

All grantees have incorporated one or more women’s empowerment project indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans. USAID’s grants have directly and indirectly benefited more than six million people in Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Philippines. MWRP grant- making has resulted in more than 3,100 metric tons (MT), about 6.8 million pounds, of plastic waste that has been diverted from the environment; a total of 142 innovative approaches, measures, and technologies to curb ocean plastic pollution; 162,995 households and establishments segregating solid waste at source; and 1297 new SWM jobs, of which 59% are held by women. More than half of those women (452) obtained jobs that are traditionally male dominated. Finally, 96,730 youths have become engaged in the growing effort to keep oceans cleaner. DIG has started working with Dr. Jenna Jambeck and her team at the University of Georgia (UGA) to analyze trends over time using the statistical software application RStudio and geographic information system ArcGIS. The analysis, which will be included in an article and submitted to a peer-reviewed journal per the USAID-DIG contract, will notably include the impact of specific events (e.g., COVID-19) on waste collection/recycling and on other Monitoring and Evaluation Factors.

OVERALL PROGRAM PERFORMANCE

2.1 Impact and Opportunities for MWRP Related to COVID-19

The purpose of this section is to provide an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of MWRP and to describe opportunities that exist for MWRP to immediately respond to the pandemic. Restrictions are in place in the four Program countries for travel and public events/meetings. As of March 31, 2020, Vietnam and parts of the Philippines have significant restrictions, while Sri Lanka and Indonesia have moved in a similar direction. The Program’s grantees continue to operate and implement their MWRP projects. In most cases, the grantees have postponed meetings and events involving interactions with the public. About a third of the grantees, however, have substituted face-to-face training or the provision of technical assistance with online communications. At this stage, the grantees do not see a significant threat to meeting their project objectives or to spending their project funds even if these restrictions remain in place for the coming months. If the situation stretches

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______beyond July 2020, MWRP may consider no-cost extensions to still allow grantees to finish on time.

Overall Program Impact How has COVID-19 impacted the staff of DIG and Program subcontractors? The COVID-19 pandemic has required adjustments to DIG’s management of the Program, including teleworking and the cessation of travel. Subcontractors have also shifted to teleworking and limited travel.

How has COVID-19 impacted the implementation of the approved MWRP annual workplan? While the workplan is on track, a number of adjustments have been required given the inability to travel. This includes the postponement of planned Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) travel. The MWRP team has also rescheduled a cross-pollination workshop in the Philippines originally planned for May 2020. It may be necessary to plan several workshop and monitoring activities for later in the fiscal year or in the first quarter of the following fiscal year.

How has COVID-19 impacted the Program budget and burn rate? The pandemic has not significantly changed the burn rate and a budget realignment is not considered to be necessary at this moment.

Has the prime contractor or subcontractors engaged in response activities to COVID-19? At this time, DIG and its subcontractors have not directly engaged in COVID-19 response operations.

Is there additional guidance that DIG requests from USAID in relation to COVID-19? MWRP’s Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) Silvia Petrova, MWRP’s Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) Silvia Petrova, GeoSpatial and Ocean Plastic Specialist, and Gender Advisor, has been very engaged and supportive of the Program as DIG carries out assessments of the pandemic’s impact on Program implementation and adjusts Program activities accordingly. No additional guidance is requested.

Assessment by Country Indonesia: The Program in Indonesia continues to move forward. All grantees are implementing activities, but most have postponed public events and are teleworking. Some grantees are able to provide training and technical assistance online. For example, Divers Clean Action (located on Thousand Islands), has postponed face-to-face training activities but continues to connect with independent waste collectors (IWC) to provide online technical assistance focused on data collection. This remote technical assistance will allow for continued monitoring of progress on diverting plastic waste from the environment and the analysis of any changes that could result from the COVID-19 pandemic. For MWRP grantee Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. (GAIA) and local partner Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB) in Bandung, training has moved forward using online chat groups.

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Philippines: The Program’s grantees all report that the implementation of project activities continue, but without holding public events or meetings. Grantees are teleworking, focusing on updating indicator databases, adjusting implementation plans, and providing some technical assistance online. MWRP grantee Ecological Waste Coalition (EWC) has issued advisories and other educational materials to support the government’s initiative to address waste management concerns around the proper disposal of medical waste associated with COVID-19.

Sri Lanka: The Program’s implementation of projects across the country moves forward, with all grantees adopting teleworking strategies. Face-to-face trainings and public events have been postponed, but planning and project management tasks continue. Grantees such as the Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) are taking advantage of their robust social media presence to continue to reinforce behavior change communication.

Vietnam: Similar to the other Program countries, grantees are proceeding with some implementation activities, but face-to-face trainings and public events have been postponed. All grantees are teleworking but are still able to provide some training and technical assistance online. The Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD) in Ha Long Bay has just completed a training curriculum for local officials in five wards and will provide follow-up support through online communications.

Opportunities for MWRP to Respond to COVID-19 MWRP is uniquely positioned to play an immediate and decisive role in the urban-based response to COVID-19 because of its outreach into urban community networks, access to thousands of households, and ongoing and sustained partnerships with civil society, local municipal authorities, and relevant national-level agencies throughout Asia. Leveraging the partnerships that MWRP has built with households, municipalities, and national-level ministries, DIG has the ability to mobilize immediately to launch activities on behalf of USAID. These activities would help develop, test, learn from, and replicate best practices in urban-based, basic service delivery as it relates to COVID-19. Activities in Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam could notably include:

Training: MWRP currently works with approximately 50 civil society organizations, most of which already focus on health or environmental services as a core area of practice. MWRP is therefore well positioned to assist USAID, as well as relevant partners of USAID, in reaching out to community health workers, waste collectors, and government officials to speed-train them in public and environmental health measures and other capacities.

Data Gathering: While national authorities are publishing available information on the extent to which the pandemic has affected densely populated urban areas, such as those served by MWRP, a consensus exists that this information is at best incomplete. MWRP partners can systematically collect first-hand, reliable information on thousands of households living in the more than 45 municipalities covered by the Program.

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Handling/Segregating of Hazardous Waste: MWRP can leverage existing partnerships with local authorities that deal with municipal SWM of waste generated by households and establishments to ensure that they safely dispose of their infectious waste, reducing the risk of spreading COVID-19.

Awareness Building: MWRP is also well positioned to increase public awareness through information, education and communication campaigns (including its partnerships with large mall development companies in the Philippines that reach over five million customers daily) and using innovations around social media platforms targeting young people and vulnerable groups.

Personal Protective Equipment/Gear (PPE) and other Equipment Distribution: Where useful, MWRP can leverage its access to millions of people in affected communities to help distribute necessary PPE to municipal waste collectors, informal waste collectors, and other service delivery workers involved in work relevant to MWRP, and to vulnerable groups such as the elderly.

Economic Recovery/Cash for Work: Should economic recovery be part of the response considered by USAID in affected areas (particularly in the types of densely populated urban areas covered by MWRP), cash for work activities focusing on cleaning up garbage hotspots, which are focal points of disease transmission, would lead to rapid results.

COVID-19 Testing Support: COVID-19 does not fall squarely under the area of expertise of the MWRP team. Still, the extensive network of relationships developed with health and environmental organizations and the reach of the Program in the four target countries make MWRP an immediately available partner for health organizations responsible for COVID-19 testing.

Learning and Information Replicability within Affected Communities and the USAID World: Linked to the data gathering activity previously described, this activity would provide USAID with a comparative analysis of different strategies MWRP grantees and partners are using to manage the COVID-19 pandemic.

2.2 Progress towards Program Targets

Table 1: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results presents information on the status of the ten MWRP indicators used to measure Program performance as of March 31, 2020. MWRP continues to be on target for all indicators.

Refer to Annex 1: MWRP Results for details on the progress towards each indicator, and Annex 3: MWRP Monitoring and Evaluation Factor (MEF) Results Table for detailed results on MWRP monitoring and evaluation reporting. The targets and results noted in Table 1 are from the M&E Plan submitted to USAID in August 2018.

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Table I: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results

Cumulative Cumulative PY4 Life of On Total Q1 Q2 Q3 /4 Total Standard Indicators Targets Program Target through FY 20 FY 20 FY 20 through FY 20 Targets Y/N FY 19 March ‘20 Component 1: Grants Program Supporting Promising Municipal Waste Approaches Number of grants 30 Completed NA NA NA 30 26 Yes disbursed Amount of grants obligated $5.5 $5.5 $5.5 million Completed NA NA NA Yes in USD million million Number of grant applicants supported through 69 Completed NA NA NA 69 60 Yes meetings or technical assistance Number of public policies, Memoranda of Understanding, and 37 0 4 6 - 47 6 Yes regulations related to municipal SWM introduced or positively affected Number of activities to more effectively integrate 35 0 6 5 - 46 6 Yes the private sector into solid waste management Percentage of grantees that have incorporated one or more women’s 100% Completed NA NA NA 100% 50% Yes (30/30) empowerment indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans Component 2: Evaluation of Grants Program Results and Development of Lessons Learned & Recommendations for USAID Investments Number of investment opportunities identified to 16 0 0 0 - 16 12 Yes improve solid waste management Number of lessons learned 50 0 45 17 - 112 15 Yes

Component 3: Support for International Cooperation on Waste Management Number of strategic partnerships facilitated between USAID and other 1 0 1 0 - 2 1 Yes stakeholders in the field of solid waste management Number of meetings to facilitate potential partnerships between 5 0 3 0 - 8 4 Yes USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management 6

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2.3 Overview of Small Grants Management

The final group of MWRP grant agreements were executed on September 30, 2019 at the end of Program Year 3, bringing the total number of grants to 30 and obligating the entire grants facility of USD 5.5 million. Grantees have project completion dates up to March 2021, which is six months prior to MWRP’s end date. However, some grantees may receive no-cost extensions subject to the impact of delays caused by COVID-19 on project implementation schedules. The following table, included in the FY19 (Program Year 3) annual report, indicates the equitable distribution of MWRP grants in the four Program countries:

Country # Grants / Amount (USD) % (by Amount) # Projects Indonesia* 6 / 7 $ 1,387,356 25% Philippines 10 / 10 $ 1,415,636 26% Sri Lanka 7 / 7 $ 1,205,457 22% Vietnam* 7 / 8 $ 1,491,551 27% Total 30 / 32 $5,500,000 100%

* The MWRP grant to Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. includes two subawards to Vietnamese and Indonesian non-governmental organizations (NGO) to implement municipal “zero-waste” projects. For that reason, one additional project has been added for Vietnam and Indonesia. Three projects are considered to constitute the GAIA grant.

Nine grant amendments were executed with grantee organizations during this quarter. No-cost extensions to grant agreements were made with Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation), Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA)-Vietnam, Lanka Upcycles, SLCDF-Jaffna, and SLCDF-Galle. Modifications to the schedule of project deliverables were made with Center for MCD-Ha Long Bay, MCD-Nam Dinh, Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP), and EWC.

2.4 Monitoring Grant Approaches

The MWRP team completed six Mid-Term Evaluations (MTE) during the previous quarter of Q1 FY20, i.e. MCD in Ha Long and Nam Dinh, Misool Foundation, Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI), Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF), and Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC). During Q2 FY20, the team summarized the findings from the MTE field missions and shared them with USAID. The findings from the MTEs indicated that the six grantees were on track to achieve project objectives. The MWRP team scheduled two project close-out visits in Q2 FY20 for grantees Janathakshan Guarantee Limited and Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre in Sri Lanka, but these trips were postponed due to COVID-19 related travel restrictions mandated by the Government of Sri Lanka.

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In addition, the MWRP team provided ongoing support to existing grantees to help them more effectively assess and evaluate the MWRP projects’ gender MEFs,2 including providing feedback on how to capture and reflect upon the gender-related impacts of training and outreach activities. Annex 4 of this report shows the status, as of March 2020, of the number of MWRP beneficiaries and the nine MEFs per country as reported by grantees.

2.5 Country Activities

Below is a brief overview, by country, of the progress made by each grantee during the second quarter of FY20 (i.e., Program Year 4).

2.5.1 Philippines

In each Filipino municipality, the local government units (LGUs) and sub-municipal units (i.e., barangays) have insufficient resources and only modest technical capacity to design and implement efficient municipal SWM plans. The grantees noted, however, that elected local government leaders, environmental officials, residents, and business owners are motivated to improve the solid waste conditions in their communities – as mandated by national law – but note insufficient public awareness, budgets, and infrastructure as an obstacle. Grantees indicated that improving data collection and supporting collectors and buyers in communities (e.g., independent waste collectors, government service providers, junk shop workers, and large wholesale buyers) plays a pivotal role in expanding recycling and improving SWM.

Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation (PRRCFI) in Negros Occidental completed project implementation on March 31, 2020. PRRCFI’s Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic project provided support to eight LGUs on SWM issues related to passing ordinances and policies to reduce the prevalence of single-use plastics, expand recycling, and improve SWM plans. The project succeeded in advocating for the approval of four municipal policies to date that will result in a reduction of plastic waste pollution.

The project also provided technical assistance to the eight zero-waste sari-sari convenience stores it helped establish in each target LGU. These stores sell consumer goods, such as shampoo, soap, cooking oil, and condiments in reusable containers instead of single-use plastic sachets. This support included a partnership with Nestlé to pilot a bulk coffee and creamer dispenser. Thanks to MWRP, the zero-waste stores also benefited from research conducted by students taking a business feasibility class at the Yu An Log College of Business and Accountancy at the University of St. La Salle. The students researched a variety of products normally sold in convenience stores to determine the best zero waste alternatives to meet market demand.

2 DIG reports to USAID on its MWRP implementation using “program indicators”. To distinguish these indicators from the grantees’ “project indicators”, USAID proposed to use “MEFs” rather than project indicators.

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To further support LGUs in improving SWM approaches, the project installed expanded materials recovery facilities in seven localities. The Segregation Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) Stations serve as a facility to collect and manage waste and, most importantly, to facilitate knowledge and understanding of segregation and waste characterization. The project’s IEC activities, which included a mobile museum showcasing the effects of marine plastic pollution and the importance of recycling at schools, festivals, and other events, provided 44,615 hours of public awareness raising and technical assistance, educated 6,140 women, and engaged with 12,000 youth.

Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) is working to increase the capacity of local governments, civil society, and the private sector to reduce plastic in the marine environment in five barangays (Bancao-Bancao, San Jose, Irawan, Bacungan and Salvacion) in Puerto Princesa city. Activities include raising public awareness on the issue, supporting SWM planning and the regulation of plastic waste, increasing economic opportunities for IWCs, and promoting household waste segregation linked to recycling. In Q2 FY20, C3MC continued providing technical support to IWCs and neighborhoods to expand household segregation at source and scale up recycling. The project worked with LGUs to strengthen SWM plans and legislation, as well as intensified IEC campaigns at the household, community, and school levels. During this period, 3,121 students and community members participated in 59 public awareness events. The project reported 2,887 households are now segregating waste.

Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) signed a research focused MWRP grant agreement in July 2019 to provide national government waste management institutions, primarily the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), with reliable data and comprehensive studies on SWM and plastic waste leakage into Manila Bay. The research will help facilitate improvements in national and city SWM policies and practices in Metro Manila. In Q2 FY20, EWC led the establishment of a multi-stakeholder platform to enhance the level of collaboration and effectiveness of the research and continued to work closely with the University of Georgia’s Dr. Jenna Jambeck and senior DENR officials. The platform includes ten representatives from national government agencies, seven from LGUs, three from civil society organizations, and eleven from academic institutions. The three research teams have completed their design and concept reports in preparation for field data collection. The University of Santo Tomas is implementing the Material Balance Flow Study3 in select areas along Manila Bay, De La Salle University – Dasmariñas is carrying out the Marine Litter Survey and the Waste

3 The aim of the Plastic Material Balance Flow Study is to understand the total mass of plastic that is produced, used, and disposed of in Manila Bay. The study will account for all plastic materials entering, flowing, and leaving a system to assess the flow of plastic pollution dispersion. The study will use environmental accounting methods to determine the quantity of plastic produced and entering Manila Bay, including its origins, the flow and pathways of these plastic materials in their life cycle, the way plastic enters the waste stream, and how they leak into the environment and become plastic pollutants in this body of water.

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Collection Efficiency Assessment, and the Lasallian Community Development Center is conducting the Level of Plastic Pollution Awareness Survey.

University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGA), led by Dr. Jenna Jambeck, is conducting research on land-based plastic waste leaking into Manila Bay, promoting the start-up of circular economic principles4 for urban communities along Manila Bay, and supporting the design and evaluation of research activities for the MWRP grantee EWC. In Q2 FY20, UGA completed the map of sample sites, developed a sampling plan and shared it with EWC and its academic partners, and carried out a training for EWC on the Marine Debris Tracker tool, which will assist EWC in completing its Marine Litter Survey.

Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE), in partnership with its subgrantee, Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability (PARMS), is working with Robinsons Malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual waste recovered in shopping malls, such as plastic bags and sachets, into marketable products (e.g., interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets and bollards). In Q2 FY20, the project team provided 512 training hours to Robinsons Malls operations staff and environmental compliance personnel on a Waste Analysis and Characterization Study (WACS) methodology to be used by the malls to improve SWM planning and operations. The results of the WACS will be combined with an assessment of the malls’ waste disposal system to guide an approach to recover low-value waste.

Mother Earth Foundation supports the Batangas City Environment and Natural Resources Office (ENRO) in establishing zero-waste models in 30 barangays. Mother Earth facilitates the decentralization of segregated waste collection, the regulation of single-use plastics, and the recovery of high-value recyclable materials. In Q2 FY20, the project coordinated closely with the Batangas City ENRO and carried out IEC activities on waste segregation and proper waste management in nine barangays reaching 5,075 people. The project team also trained 218 barangay officials on Republic Act 9003, a milestone environmental legislation in the Philippines that requires that LGUs provide an ecological solid waste management service to ensure the proper segregation, collection, storage, disposal etc. of solid waste. The Act and MWRP training support LGUs in formulating and adopting best environmental practices to protect public health and the environment.

Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI), in partnership with SM Supermalls (SM - a national shopping mall chain), is working to educate, raise awareness, and foster behavior change among the Filipino public on plastic waste. The Philippines is known in

4 According to the Ellen Macarthur Foundation, “looking beyond the current take-make-waste extractive industrial model, a circular economy aims to redefine growth, focusing on positive society-wide benefits. It entails gradually decoupling economic activity from the consumption of finite resources and designing waste out of the system. Underpinned by a transition to renewable energy sources, the circular model builds economic, natural, and social capital. It is based on three principles: Design out waste and pollution; Keep products and materials in use; and Regenerate natural systems.” 10

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______the region for its large shopping malls, of which SM Supermalls owns and operates 74 malls nationwide that welcome 4.3 million visitors a day and, through social media, reach an additional 4 million people. The project has adopted a creative public information campaign targeting consumers at SM shopping malls in Metro Manila, Negros Occidental, and throughout the rest of the country. By heightening collective awareness on the need to significantly control and reduce waste (especially waste produced by single-use plastic), the project is supporting PRRCFI-SM’s visual for its information and education campaign titled #aweSMseas. the recent national government initiative to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay. During Q2 FY20, the project team began conceptualizing the “aweSMseas” campaign by facilitating an IEC Design Thinking Workshop with SM creative, operations, and technical staff. The project then developed campaign messages, a slogan, logo, and other visuals to be approved by SM senior management. The campaign will include mall art installations, a video to be shown in dozens of SM cinemas, and content for social media social media.

2.5.2 Sri Lanka

MWRP provided support to IWCs, developed PPPs and policies, evaluated the legal and regulatory framework that affects plastic waste pollution, promoted community behavior change, and worked with local authorities, businesses, and schools in Sri Lanka.

Janathakshan (Guarantee) Limited (Janathakshan), which operated in the municipalities of Negombo and Katunayake, completed its project on December 31, 2019. In Q2 FY20, Janathakshan provided a final report on project results. The project celebrated the success of expanding the operations of private recycling entrepreneurs, including creating jobs for women, which resulted in the Negombo Municipal Council committing to create a resource recovery facility to help recyclers consolidate and manage higher volumes of waste. During project implementation, Janathakshan provided 9,175 hours of training and technical assistance, including to 1,324 women, in SWM to help local authorities and civil society members sustain and expand project impact. The project’s 160 youth volunteers, including from the YMCA and the Rotary Club, educated 4,568 households and establishments on waste segregation at source. For a success story on a private recycler expanding his businesses model with support from MWRP, see Annex 2: Draft Success Story.

Janathakshan worked closely with small and large supermarkets in Negombo and engaged 3,000 customers and staff on how to reduce the use of plastic shopping bags. Under the project, 14 supermarkets joined Janathakshan’s Green Star Rating System for Polythene and Plastic, part of the city’s “Go Green” initiative, and eight supermarkets now report, on average, a 30%

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______reduction in plastic shopping bag usage. At the Negombo harbor the project worked with the Navy, harbor officials, and fisherfolk to establish an operation to collect recyclable materials from more than 200 boats that primarily dumped their plastic waste at sea in the past. Lastly, as a result of a partnership with Coca-Cola, more storage space for recyclable products waste was being provided at the harbor. As a result, the project collected 28,500 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles from fishing boats during the last quarter.

Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre (Sevanatha), which completed its project on March 31, 2020, worked with local authorities in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia to promote the installation of waste traps in the project area, raise awareness of in neighborhoods and schools, and support IWCs. The project successfully trained 27 IWCs in health, safety, and business management and helped them register with the Central Environment Authority (CEA), following field visits by CEA staff to observe IWC operations. CEA certification legitimizes the collection and recycling activities of IWCs and makes them eligible to receive CEA training. Sevanatha identified and trained multiple community champions to promote waste segregation and recycling among 20,071 households and business establishments, and connected IWCs with private sector waste recyclers in dense urban neighborhoods. The project also equipped schools and public places with 25 PET bottle collection centers, which helped generate income for students to utilize for environmental projects and activities, and engaged with 12,000 youth.

Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) in Galle operates in 30 villages, up from its original target of 22 villages, through a consortium of community-based organizations (CBOs). In Q2 FY20, Community Environmental Facilitators trained 1,755 individuals (76% of whom were women) on SWM, source separation, and the 3R method (reduce, reuse, recycle). During this reporting period, SLCDF surveyed 772 households trained by the project. The survey findings revealed that 82% of the households were actively segregating waste at home. Lastly, IEC activities in four schools reached 289 teachers and students.

Lanka Upcycles operates its education center, the Waste Less Arugam Bay (WLAB), which targets community residents, school children, and 5,000 tourists per day during the surfing season. WLAB showcases equipment that turns plastic waste into new upcycled products and raises awareness on the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling plastic. In Q2 FY20, Lanka Upcycles began operating a new plastic granulator to scale up the production of upcycled products. The team established a relationship with the founders of a waste collection application called Eco Friends, which rewards users with phone credit for waste submitted and collected through the application, to pilot the application. Lanka Upcycles also collected 330 kilograms of PET plastic bottles at 62 collection points in Arugam Bay during this reporting period, bringing the total to 10.3 MTs of bottles collected and sold to upstream manufacturers during project implementation. Finally, the team conducted 766 training hours at three schools, introducing “kNOw PLASTICS” to 382 students.

Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) in Jaffna moved forward with the development of its participatory, community-based SWM plans. The project also organized safe disposal and recycling options in target neighborhoods and continued awareness raising 12

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______activities to promote the reduction, reuse, and recycling of plastic waste. The team conducted these activities in close collaboration with four local authorities in the Jaffna District – Jaffna Municipal Council, Chavakachcheri Urban Council, Point Pedro Urban Council, and the Valvettithurai Urban Council. In Q2 FY20, 61 village-level, awareness-raising events were held in churches and community centers with the participation of 1,599 residents. Furthermore, SLCDF has trained 321 government officials, 127 staff members from a regional hospital, and 872 teachers, as well as helped set up 212 environment clubs in schools. As a result, the project has trained (as of March 31, 2020) a total of 14,385 community members, surpassing its goal of 10,000 people.

Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) progressed towards its project goal of reducing marine plastic waste through law review and reform, improvements in law enforcement, and legal training. PILF shared its Interim Law Review Report with numerous government entities, including the Marine Environment Protection Authority (MEPA), CEA, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Consumer Affairs Authority, and the Colombo Municipal Council. In Q2 FY20, PILF also conducted an awareness and education workshop on “Micro Plastic Beads and its Health and Environmental Impacts and the Legal Framework on Marine Plastic Waste” for officers of the National Medicine Regulatory Authority.

Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) is strengthening the ongoing national dialogue between the government and the private sector to design and implement post-consumer plastic management strategies. Key stakeholders are the national government, specifically the Ministry of Environment and Wildlife Resources, and major corporations operating in Sri Lanka. The aim of this stakeholder collaboration is to produce a road map outlining the promulgation of government regulations applicable to companies operating in the plastics and packaging industries. In Q2 FY20, CCC and the project’s key stakeholders appointed a committee that created an initial draft of the road map. Committee members include representatives from the Ministry of Environment and Wildlife Resources, CEA, MEPA, CCC, Coca-Cola Beverages Sri Lanka, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Coastal Conservation Department, Polymer Manufactures and Recyclers Association, and Biodiversity Sri Lanka. The draft road map includes three market-based models for PET bottle collection. A common element of these models is that a significant portion of responsibilities be shared between both brand owners and consumers to dispose of PET bottles responsibly after consumption. The committee will continue to discuss and develop the draft road map with these constituencies.

2.5.3 Vietnam

The Vietnamese Prime Minister, Nguyễn Xuân Phúc, launched a national anti-plastic waste movement in June 2019 to address the national problem of managing plastic waste. Some city governments, such as Ha Long, where two MWRP grantees operate, have embraced this movement by adopting new municipal policies.

Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA) is fostering close cooperation between IWC organizations and the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) in 13

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) to improve the city’s SWM system and to increase household compliance with a waste segregation at source regulation. In Q2 FY20, ENDA continued supporting IWC cooperatives by successfully advocating to district and city authorities that they improve enforcement at the household level of Decision No.38 regarding IWC waste collection fees. City authorities agreed to an additional increase in IWC fees effective January 2020 from 25,000 Vnd/month to 63,000 Vnd/month, representing a 152% increase. However, the new fees have not been applied uniformly throughout the city, ENDA continues to advocate for fees to be implemented across all districts. ENDA also finalized negotiations with Tontoton, a group that will purchase single-use plastics from IWCs at a rate of USD 0.06 per kilogram, three times the normal price, to then be sold to a cement company in Kien Giang province.

Centre for Supporting Green Development’s (GreenHub) project is laying the groundwork for a “model cities” approach to waste management in the Cat Ba Archipelago, Hai Phong Province, and Ha Long Bay. The project focuses on researching and piloting GreenHub in Ha Long Bay introduces Line-X coated Styrofoam flotation devices for aquaculture to local authorities. scalable environmentally friendly solutions to replace polystyrene contained in buoyancy devices for aquaculture farms. The project team is working with Ha Long Bay fisherfolk to mitigate the problem and to raise public awareness on the impact of plastic waste in the marine environment. In Q2 FY20, GreenHub conducted a workshop in Ha Long Bay with aquaculture representatives and developed a “standard” Line-X painted styrofoam buoy that will be submitted to the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Quang Ninh for approval. The project also continued to support the Women’s Union of Ha Long to improve SWM, especially as it relates to the increased volume of discarded plastic facemasks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), on Phu Quoc island, solidified the District People’s Committee (DPC) commitment to the project’s goal of setting up an island-wide platform to address solid waste and recycling issues. The DPC, which received technical support from WWF, plans to extend its Marine Debris Action Plan until 2025. As of March 31, 2020, more than 20 hotels and other businesses have pledged to introduce alternatives to single-use plastic disposables, an effort now being promoted by the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce. In Q2 FY20, WWF continued its communication campaign to promote the protection of small islands and coral reefs from plastic pollution and developed and distributed exhibit stand sets to 25 schools. The infographics featured on the stand sets present information on the impact of plastic waste on human health and the environment and will be utilized by teachers and displayed in the schools. 14

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Center for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) is implementing two MWRP grants in Ha Long Bay and Nam Dinh. In Q2 FY20, the principal activities in Ha Long Bay focused on improving signage at waste collection centers utilized by boats collecting waste in the bay; conducting training courses for local officials, SWM workers, and small businesses at the Ha Long Market; and engaging local partners and community members to scale-up their involvement in project activities.

In Nam Dinh, the project collected data on the operation of a pilot river trash trapper on the Red River, prepared to apply for an operation permit for the trapper with relevant authorities, and revised the design of another trash trapper placed in Tran Te Xuong Ward following an assessment with local community members. The project also carried out a survey to assess the informal recycling sector in Nam Dinh and trained 46 local officials and 134 community members on SWM and waste classification. Lastly, the project conducted a communication campaign, called “Ocean Talk,” to increase student awareness of solid waste and marine plastic waste management. The campaign generated the participation of more than 700 students, teachers, and staff from the My Tan secondary school and related agencies and localities.

Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. (GAIA), through its subgrantee GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre (GreenViet), is focusing on the implementation of a zero-waste model in Cam Thanh commune in Hoi An and the Cham Islands. In Q2 FY20, GreenViet secured approval for the project’s Cooperation Plan from the Hoi An City People’s Committee, which was originally expected to be approved in October 2019. Due to delays with the approval, the project team and local stakeholders have adjusted the implementation plan and timing and the grantee may require a no-cost extension.

2.5.4 Indonesia

In Indonesia this period, seven grantees continued project activities, with Misool Foundation and BINTARI continuing past their MTEs and five grantees (GIDKP, Transformasi, Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Gringgo), GAIA/YPBB, and Divers Clean Action) reaching their mid- point of implementation.

Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI) works closely with city and provincial government authorities in Semarang, the national fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) company PT Indofood, and small local recyclers to enhance the sustainability of new community bank sampahs5 (waste banks). On the local policy front, the city’s Environmental Agency (EA), with support from BINTARI, has begun testing the expanded use of a Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R) approach to city SWM linked to a waste bank model. On February 17, 2020, the EA conducted

5 Bank sampahs, or waste banks, are facilities where communities can collect and sort their waste and generate income from recycling waste with economic value.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______a workshop with 16 SWM operators across the city to disseminate information on the 3R operational system and train them on how to integrate waste bank operators.

BINTARI supports 54 waste banks and has helped them expand their service to 6,514 households, a 32% increase (from 4,944 households) since the last reporting period. In Q2 FY20, in collaboration with PT Indofood, the project also trained more than 64 waste bank operators to improve business management, health and safety, household waste management, and marketing strategies. Lastly, the project used broadcasting opportunities on Radio of the Republic of Indonesia and Republic of Indonesia Television to raise public awareness on SWM.

Yayasan Misool Baseftin’s (Misool Foundation) Bank Sampah Community Waste Recycling Program recycled 48.9 MTs of plastic waste in Q2 FY20, which puts it on track to meet a target rate of 200 MT per year. The project continued to generate a high collection rate along the city’s waterways by increasing its outreach and community engagement to establish a total of 96 active community-level collection units as of March 2020, a 6% increase from the previous quarter. The project also provided 12,964 hours of training, public awareness, and technical assistance this period, including continued support to Sorong City’s regulatory reforms. The project team is partnering with STIKES, a local health science institute in Sorong, to conduct a feasibility study that will capture household attitudes regarding SWM and collection fees. The data collected will guide Sorong City authorities in reforming regulations to increase revenues that can finance the expansion of SWM services.

Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines (GAIA), through GAIA’s subgrantee Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB), is expanding a zero-waste approach to the Coblong District of Bandung, one of the most densely populated areas of the city. In Q2 FY20, YPBB continued introducing its model in 20 of the district’s urban neighborhoods, including door-to-door education and the piloting of waste collection practices with community women’s groups.

Divers Clean Action’s (DCA) project in Thousand Islands is improving waste management practices through capacity building and information sharing on SWM at the household and local government levels. DCA established inter-sectoral coordination mechanisms to strengthen policy and planning and to promote a circular economy that will enable communities to have access to DCA implements a waste assessment with livelihood opportunities. In Q2 FY20, the project community members on Harapan Island. launched activities on the islands of Harapan and Kelapa, the fourth and fifth islands engaged in the project, including conducting baseline data surveys, technical SWM assessments, social evaluations, and waste characterization analyses. DCA also facilitated a fourth multi-stakeholder forum involving the Environmental Agency and local officials and began IEC activities with schools on the two islands. The project also opened 16

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______its first bulk store in Kepulauan Seribu where customers can refill reusable containers with daily household products such as soaps and shampoos.

Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Gringgo) is improving Denpasar City’s SWM system by promoting recycling with an emphasis on innovative communication technologies to expand the collection of plastic waste materials from households and businesses. In Q2 FY20, the project focused on expanding the number of data collection volunteers, now reaching more than 200 individuals, to crowdsource the baseline information needed to quantify and track waste and improve SWM in the three target localities – Kesiman Kertalangu, Serangan, and Sesetan. The project uses EpiCollect5 and SWAI apps to collect data. Once images of SWM activities are collected Gringgo, subsequently, employs artificial intelligence image recognition to assess these images and generate SWM data useful to the locality’s planning and implementation of solid waste collection. The project also carries out public awareness raising activities that have reached 881 IWCs, waste bank customers, and community members, and identified 6,992 waste bank customers that will be trained on waste segregation at source.

Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) is strengthening the Gowa Regency government’s coordination and capacity in SWM, drawing upon the experiences and best practices of a similar citywide waste bank sampah functioning well in nearby Makassar. Transformasi has assessed the City of Makassar’s model to then establish a Central Waste Recycling Center in Gowa that can be a model for other cities and districts to address their SWM challenges. In Q2 FY20, the project presented the findings from two key field assessments and continued to increase public awareness in support of the central waste bank. In February, the project organized an event with the Gowa Regent’s Office to present the "Analysis of Capacity Development Needs Assessment (CDNA)" to local government officials relating to waste management. In March, the project team rolled out the results from the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) survey at an event with 109 participants from the Department of Environmental Affairs, community waste banks, and municipal offices. The KAP has become an important tool for SWM planning for the opening of the 40 new waste banks that will be linked to the central waste bank. Lastly, the project successfully organized multiple public events this period which brought more than 150 community members and local officials together to begin organizing the new neighborhood-level waste banks.

Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) worked with city and provincial government authorities in Metro Jakarta and Bandung to support the passing of legislation and the strengthening of the enforcement of reductions in single-use plastic. After lengthy advocacy efforts, GIDKP celebrated in July 2019 the approval of a new policy by the Bandung City Government to reduce plastic bag utilization and the project continues to assist the city with the implementation of this regulation. In Q2 FY20, GIDKP focused on the development of a public awareness strategy to support the implementation of the regulation. The campaign is tentatively scheduled to start on July 1, 2020, and will target shopping malls, retail store areas, and traditional markets. The team also conducted ten meetings with municipal officials in Metro Jakarta and Bandung to further develop their policy approach on single-use plastics. GIDKP also

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______accepted an invitation from the provincial government authorities in Bali to present the regulatory reforms for facilitating implementation on the island.

2.6 Steps to Empower Women and Youth under MWRP

MWRP-funded projects engage and empower women and youth in various ways – through training sessions, education, advocacy, and leadership opportunities. From January to March 2020, the following activities contributed to the empowerment of women and youth in the target countries:

• C3MC engaged with 1,094 students from six educational institutions – two elementary schools, three high schools, and one college. The students learned about the effects of plastic pollution and proper waste segregation on the marine environment. • BINTARI reports that in Semarang, female participation in the decision-making process of waste bank operations has increased. A total of 18 women have become the decisionmakers in three of the waste banks that the project supports. • GAIA/YPBB has tapped community women’s groups in Bandung, Indonesia, in their meetings in several neighborhoods to provide support with door-to-door education activities in Kelurahan Sekeloa, Dago, Sadang Serang and Lebak Gede. • MCD in Ha Long reports that 68% of project participants this quarter are female. This has helped them empower eight women to become decision makers in SWM in the project’s target areas. • PRRCFI, in collaboration with SM Supermalls in Manila, has developed tools with a gender lens to measure the project’s IEC activities across more than 50 shopping malls in terms of campaign reach and impact with women and men. Campaign materials, including a cinema video, mall art installation, recovery bins, and digital/social media content are gender- sensitive and use gender-fair language and visuals. • SLCDF-Galle completed four training sessions with 105 participants, among them staff from local authorities and neighborhood leaders, to expand gender awareness. The trainings included techniques for collecting gender-related data and achieving greater participation of women in local decision making. While progress is being made to empower women under MWRP, too often grantees are happy to report on the gender MEFs while neglecting to analyze the data in depth and question how it is impacting their projects. As a result, it is difficult to determine whether the gender MEFs results depict positive trends, or problematic gender reinforcement – such as training women for unpaid waste work or providing them with leadership roles as unpaid volunteers. MWRP is working with grantees to analyze the gender MEF data and to apply the findings to project implementation. For example, MWRP is asking all grantees to be aware not just of women occupying traditionally male-dominated roles, but also of men taking on unpaid, traditionally female-dominated roles as a result of the project – which better enables women to take on paid work.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

2.7 Local Capacity Building

The MWRP grantees’ activities in the target countries have promoted local capacity building for a wide spectrum of groups and organizations. The various groups and organizations that have benefited from MWRP support include: (i) city/municipal, provincial, and national government environmental agencies and related ministries; (ii) non-governmental organizations; (iii) community-based civil society groups; (iv) the private sector, including large multinational and national corporations, micro, small and medium-sized businesses, recycling enterprises, informal sector workers, and social enterprises; (v) women and youth; (vi) teachers and student organizations; and (vii) community residents. Specific local capacity building activities in Q2 FY20 included the following:

Philippines: • University of Georgia (UGA) conducted a half-day workshop in Manila, Philippines on March 2 on its Marine Debris Tracker© mobile application. The 40 participants included individuals from the EWC, EWC’s subcontracted researchers from the University of Santo Tomas and De La Salle University, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), and the Metro Manila Development Agency. th th • PBE collaborated on February 11 and 13 with the national government’s Department of Science and Technology’s (DOST) Environment and Biotechnology Division to train Robinsons Malls management teams and waste collectors on how to conduct a Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey (WACS). • Mother Earth Foundation organized trainings and seminars in January and February on the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act No. 9003 and proper solid waste management practices for 218 barangay staff and community leaders in Batangas City. • Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) implemented a door-to-door campaign in January and February on proper waste segregation in Barangays San Jose, Irawan, Bacungan and Bancao-Bancao, reaching 1,793 households.

Indonesia: • YPBB (GAIA subgrantee) is providing technical support to the Bandung Environment Agency to develop SWM master plans for 22 kelurahan in six kecamatan – Coblong, Cibeunying Kaler, Sumur Bandung, Bandung Wetan, Cibeunying Kidul and Cidadap. • Divers Clean Action (DCA) held capacity building workshops in February on the Thousand Islands for the government’s waste collector unit (PPSU) on waste segregation and collection efficiency. DCA also collaborated with the Regional Tourism Agency and National Park of Kepulauan Seribu to orient tourist operators on sustainable waste management practices. th th • Gringgo Indonesia Foundation conducted trainings on February 26 and March 7 on the use of the Solid Waste Artificial Intelligence (SWAI) and Epicollect5 mobile applications for community youth volunteers in Serangan and Sesetan villages of Denpasar, Bali. • BINTARI conducted health and safety education trainings in February for 50 bank sampah operators in Semarang City, with support from the city’s Health Agency and neighborhood health clinics. 19

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

• GIDKP-Indonesia continued its work with the Jakarta City government after its issuance in December 2019 of the regulation banning single-use plastics. GIDKP is assisting with the preparation of the outreach and communication strategy and the design of communications materials (e.g., FAQs, infographics, visual communication templates). • GIDKP-Indonesia, in cooperation with YPBB, oriented the Bandung City Director of the Environmental Agency and Section Head of Hazardous Waste Management in design considerations and strategies for single-use plastics reduction. • Transformasi worked with the Gowa District Environmental Agency to develop standard operating procedures for the management of the Central Recycling Center (UPTD) and arranged exposure visits for center staff to the Makassar City UPTD. Sri Lanka: • PILF convened a workshop on the environmental and health impacts of micro plastics on January 31 for the National Medicines Regulatory Authority. The PILF Micro Beads Briefing Note authored by Dr. Jagath Senaratne and Ms. Sonali de Silva was distributed to participants. • SLCDF-Galle’s team of volunteer Community Environmental Facilitators conducted 89 awareness raising activities in 17 villages for 1,755 households on waste segregation at source, composting organic waste, and sewing alternative cloth bags. • Janathakshan conducted an awareness raising session at the Multi-Day Boat Owners Association (MDBOA) Annual General Meeting, discussing plastic waste pollution of the marine environment and its impact on the livelihoods of fisherfolk. In follow-ups with MDBOA leadership, the organization agreed to cooperate with port authorities to establish mechanisms for boat owners to return their plastic waste instead of dumping at sea.

Vietnam: • WWF-Vietnam collaborated with the Phu Quoc Marine Protect Areas on Phu Quoc Environment Day, December 7th, on a communications campaign at the An Thoi International harbor to reduce plastic waste and protect the reef system. The event targeted fishing and tourist boat operators, attracting 400 participants. • ENDA-Vietnam continued its organizational support to nine cooperatives in Districts 4, 6, 10, and 11 of HCMC to establish an Independent Waste Collector (IWC) Environmental Cooperative Alliance, which will serve to amplify the voice of IWCs with the city government. • GreenHub, with the International Cooperation Center for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishing (ICAFIS), conducted a workshop on Ha Long Bay on December 21st to disseminate the results of its pilot project on coating styrofoam buoys with Line-X paint. The event on sustainable flotation materials was attended by fishing cooperatives, tourism agencies, university researchers, women’s unions, Vietnam News Agency, IUCN, and the Ha Long Bay Management Board. • WWF-Vietnam developed infographic materials for schools and the general public on: (i) the impact of plastic waste on the environment and human health and (ii) daily practices to reduce plastic waste for use by schools and the general public.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

• Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) organized an ‘Ocean Talk: Increasing Student Understanding of Solid Waste and Marine Plastic Waste Management’ at secondary schools in Nam Dinh province in December 2019 to mobilize youth volunteers as project facilitators.

2.8 Private Sector Engagement

The MWRP report on the three country cross pollination workshops (Sri Lanka, Vietnam, and Indonesia) was submitted to USAID in January 2020 provided detailed information on the cooperation opportunities with participating companies and alliances and the results of discussions held during the Private Sector Engagement sessions.

The following MWRP grantees integrated private sector participation into their project activities during Q2 FY20:

Philippines: • PRRCFI organized a Design Thinking Workshop with selected staff from SM Supermalls creative, marketing, operations, and Corporate Social Responsibility departments. The PRRCFI/SM project team developed a series of campaign messages, slogans, visuals, and a logo for the review and approval by SM senior management. The proposed “aweSMseas” campaign to reduce ocean plastic will include a mall art installation, short videos for showing at SM’s 364 theaters, digital poster assets, creative waste segregation bins tied to beach clean-ups, and digital game content. • EcoWaste Coalition is collaborating with two private Filipino universities, University of Santo Tomas and De La Salle University, to conduct four technical studies on plastic waste pollution in Manila Bay. • The PRRCFI ‘Wala Usik’ Innovation Lab held on January 21 was joined by barangay and city government officials, youth leaders, and sari-sari store entrepreneurs, to share ideas on organizing and operating a bulk sales store with minimal plastic packaging. Indonesia: • Divers Clean Action introduced refills of basic consumer staples in a convenience store in Pramuka Island to facilitate the community’s efforts to reduce consumption of low-value plastics such as sachets and flexible plastics. • BINTARI worked with Indonesian companies (PT Indofood, Marimas) to promote the collection of low-value multi-layer plastic packaging from participating waste banks. An extension agreement was signed with Indofood, which will expand the PPP between the Warmindo noodle food stalls, community bank sampahs, recycling firms, and BINTARI. • Transformasi is assisting community-based bank sampahs to establish commercial linkages with the newly formed Gowa District central recycling center (UPTD) in order to secure adequate, stable prices for recycled plastic waste materials.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Sri Lanka: • Lanka Upcycles is in discussions with the founders of the waste collection application Eco Friends to use their application to improve access to the plastic waste generated in Arugam Bay. The application would reward users with phone credit for waste collected and returned. Lanka Upcycles is also having discussions with a plastic waste offsetting group, rePurpose, which would subsidize the low prices received for recycled plastic waste. • Janathakshan conducted a survey of 60 hotels in Negombo Municipality to establish baseline data on PET bottle use and disposal practices. Information was used to link local hotels with PET bottle collectors and to arrange convenient pickup schedules. From this activity, Janathakshan recruited 80 hotels to join the Negombo ‘Go Green Negombo’ campaign. • Janathakshan facilitated a PPP of the Sri Lankan Navy, Harbour Cooperative Society, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DFAR), Negombo Port Authority managers, Multi-Day Boat Owners Association, and Beira Enviro Solutions (Pvt) Limited (Beira) to design a system for monitoring the use and return of PET bottles by fishing and tourist boats using the Negombo port. The Navy’s Safety Equipment Protocol was expanded to included tracking and enforcing PET bottle traffic. Beira provided the collection bins for PET bottle return. By the project’s conclusion, DFAR instituted regulations mandating the use of five-liter PET water bottles to replace smaller containers. Vietnam: • ENDA-Vietnam worked with Tontoton recyclers in HCMC and a cement company in Kien Giang to test the use of low-value, single-use plastics as a refuse derived fuel for their cement kilns. ENDA advised the IWCs' cooperatives on its signing of a Letter of Agreement in March 2020 with Tontoton to provide the plastic waste materials. • WWF-Vietnam collaborated with Dandy Travel, Epizode, and Phu Quoc Green & Clean, to conduct orientations on reducing single-use plastics for tour boat operators and tour guides in December 2019 on Phu Quoc Island. • The MCD-Nam Dinh project continued its work with university researchers and community residents to analyze the effectiveness of shoreline waste traps installed for the project.

2.9 Coordination and Management

MWRP and USAID maintained frequent communication during the quarter to ensure efficient program management and operation. Teleconference calls were held every two weeks between the MWRP team, including its Vice President for Global Programs, Associate Director for Global Programs, Senior Program Manager, Chief of Party (COP), and the USAID/MWRP COR and Alternative Contracting Officer’s Representative (ACOR). The minutes of the teleconference calls, along with a table noting completed and pending action items, were prepared and circulated after each teleconference call. A shared MWRP Google Drive folder serves as the mechanism for sharing program-related documents.

Each Program country has been impacted by the spread of COVID-19. As a response to the virus spread, in February 2020 the Government of Vietnam restricted public meetings,

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______international and domestic travel, and public movement in major cities. Similar government restrictions were soon issued in Indonesia, Philippines, and Sri Lanka. Since that time, the MWRP team has been in frequent contact with each grantee organization to obtain information on the national government’s directives applicable to their locality and its effect on project implementation. For all grantees, field work and group meetings remain restricted, but some have been able to provide online technical support to project partners. The MWRP team has provided the four USAID Missions with regular updates on grantee activities and the impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on project implementation.

From January to March 2020, the MWRP team continued organizing and planning a country- level, cross pollination workshop for grantees in the Philippines. The proposed dates for the Manila workshop were May 4th to 6th, however, the workshop was postponed in mid-March due strict restrictions put in place by the Government of the Philippines in response to COVID-19. Subsequent discussions were held with the USAID COR Silvia Petrova and the USAID Communications, Evidence and Learning (CEL) team on the feasibility of conducting a virtual workshop. After careful consideration, the MWRP team determined that the best approach would be to re-schedule the workshop for August 2020 and contact the original group of proposed participants regarding the new dates. The expectation is that by August 2020, COVID-19 restrictions will have eased in Manila and participants will be able to attend such an event. By that date, the last group of grantees in the Philippines will be more advanced with project implementation and better able to share experiences and learnings.

The original three-day workshop agenda for the Philippines was created using the previous MWRP country workshops held in November and December 2019 in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia as examples. The proposed workshop agenda for August 2020 would be similar in structure and focus on awareness raising approaches, behavior change, collaboration strategies between grantees and local governments, private sector engagement approaches, case studies, lessons learned, and policy and practice recommendations. In addition to grantees, invitees would include municipal, city, and national government officials, Philippine and multinational corporations, global and regional non-profits, ocean plastic alliances, representatives from the Clean Cities, Blue Ocean (CCBO) Program, and USAID staff. A major workshop objective is facilitating opportunities to explore potential collaborations between the current MWRP grantees and private sector companies.

MWRP also worked with the CEL team to edit and update the MWRP country and individual project fact sheets. Grantee organizations confirmed the accuracy of information in the fact sheets.

Coordination with USAID/Philippines Mission MWRP provided monthly updates on grantee activities and upcoming events to the USAID/ Philippines Mission Point of Contact (POC) Marian Cruz Navata during Q2 FY20. These updates inform the Mission of events USAID staff may be interested in attending.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Ms. Cruz Navata participated as a speaker at the PRRCFI Plastic Waste Solutions Summit in Bacolod City on February 20th. The event included participants from LGUs, corporate partners, non-government organizations, and residents from the communities where the Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic project co-implemented the zero-waste sari-sari store models. The summit was aimed at renewing commitments by stakeholders to sustain the project goal of reducing marine plastic pollution.

Coordination with USAID/Sri Lanka Mission MWRP provided updates twice per month to the USAID/Sri Lanka Mission POC Anna de Silva during Q2 FY20.

Coordination with USAID/Vietnam Mission MWRP provided monthly updates on grantee activities and upcoming events to the USAID/ Vietnam Mission POC Brittany Ayana Thomas during Q2 FY20.

Coordination with USAID/Indonesia Mission During this quarter, MWRP provided monthly Program updates on grantee activities and upcoming events to the USAID/Indonesia Mission POC Endah Shofiani during Q2 FY20.

MWRP worked with Ms. Shofiani on preparations for the proposed field visit by the USAID Administrator Mark Green to Gringgo Indonesia Foundation in Denpasar, Bali on March 17th. The visit was later cancelled in late February as a precaution for COVID-19.

Coordination with USAID/CCBO Program MWRP has been coordinating with the CCBO team as the Program is ramping up. Notably, providing documentation on grants management, outreach and dissemination, Annual Program Statement, status of current grantees, and monitoring and evaluation. MWRP also met with CCBO staff in Washington D.C. and maintains periodic communication with the team via telephone and email.

Program Reporting Activity During Q2 FY20, MWRP submitted to USAID the following reports and deliverables:

• Quarterly Progress and Financial Reports for Q1 FY20; • Status update on the Annual Program Work Plan for FY20 (PY-4); • Quarterly Accruals Report (January 1 – March 31, 2020); and • Meeting and teleconference call minutes, action tables, and agendas for the biweekly management meetings between MWRP and the USAID COR/ACOR.

2.10 Dissemination, Outreach and International Cooperation

During Q2 FY20, despite a truncated implementation period due to end-of-year holidays, Tet festivities in Vietnam, and the spread of COVID-19 in the region, MWRP grantees hosted and

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______participated in several events and activities that disseminated information on ocean plastic pollution to the public, which includes the following:

Philippines: • PRRCFI and SM Supermalls held a one-day IEC design-thinking workshop in January, where the project team developed a communications package with campaign messages, slogans, logo and visuals. The communications package was submitted to SM senior management for approval. A 45-second video on the theme “What Happens After the Fun?” on ocean plastic pollution and waste management will also be produced and shown nationally in 364 SM cinemas (137,000 seats). • EWC of the Philippines established a Multi-Stakeholder Platform as a vehicle to share information on research activities and studies related to solid waste management, plastic waste, and ocean plastic pollution in Manila Bay. The organizations include a range of public and private sector entities. The platform will seek to promote cooperation, identify knowledge gaps, and prevent duplication of research efforts. • The PRRCFI Plastic Waste Solutions Summit held on February 20 in Bacolod City gathered participants from local governments, corporations, NGOs, and the communities implementing zero-waste sari-sari store models. The event featured presentations and exhibits on SWM and recycling best practices as well as a dialogue on lessons learned. The project team provided an IEC toolkit to its local partners on how to sustain the campaign for reducing plastic waste. The event was featured in a local newspaper, the Sun Star. • PRRCFI presented the prototype of its wala usik (no waste) sari-sari store in a panel discussion on “Social Entrepreneurship: The Way to Sustainable and Inclusive Development” sponsored by the University of Saint La Salle, Bacolod Yu An Log College of Business and Accountancy on January 18 in Bacolod City. Indonesia: • Divers Clean Action collaborated with the AIESEC international volunteer organization to hold an eCallogy event, which brought together exchange students from across Asia to discuss ocean conservation. DCA spoke to 30 Indonesian and foreign exchange students about its work and what college students can do to combat marine debris. • Divers Clean Action participated in Kentucky Fried Chicken’s (KFC) Good Journey from March 7th – 9th in Manado, an annual trip organized with KFC Indonesia and 1000 Gurus Foundation. During the event, DCA identified ten Indonesian cities as Marine Debris Ranger sites to replicate its Save Our Ocean and Small Islands program on a smaller scale. • YPBB and Kelurahan Sadang Serang Health Office provided free medical check-ups for waste collectors in Coblong District to commemorate National Waste Awareness Day from February 20th – 22nd. • GIDKP, following the issuance of the Jakarta city regulation banning plastic bags, numerous national and international news outlets covered the story, including: Media Indonesia, Detik Finance Indonesia, CNBC Indonesia, IDN Times, IANS (India), Global Business Forum (Malaysia), China Go Abroad, APAC Business (Singapore), Saigon Times (Vietnam), Mediaverse (Australia), Yahoo Finance, and Business Insider (USA).

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• Gringgo Indonesia Foundation’s field implementation using the SWAI mobile application (Solve Waste with Artificial Intelligence) to identify waste categories on February 15th in Mertasari Beach, Denpasar City was captured by the Japanese national government cable channel, NHK-TV. Sri Lanka: • Lanka Upcycles was contacted by the Manager of McLarens Logistics, a Sri Lankan shipping container company, to explore how the WLAB center can be replicated in other locations in Sri Lanka. • Lanka Upcycles was mentioned in The Guardian International’s edition on alternative ethical tourism spots in ten global locations. • Sevanatha, Janathakshan, PILF, government ministries, and city governments participated in the World Bank’s ‘Plastic Waste Management Workshop’ on December 19th in Colombo. The workshop sought to prioritize policy and investment measures to improve plastic waste management in Sri Lanka. The MWRP grantees made presentations on their experiences in addressing the problems associated with mismanaged plastic waste. • Sevanatha, Janathakshan, and PILF participated in a workshop on February 26th hosted by the Ministry of Environment to develop an ‘Action Plan on Plastic Waste Management’. MWRP grantees provided comments and recommendations for the national policy, which is planned to rollout in 2020. Vietnam: • ENDA-Vietnam participated in Ocean Conservancy’s workshop on ‘Financing the Informal Sector to Reduce Marine Plastic Pollution’ in Singapore. The workshop was attended by representatives from Circulate Capital, Circulate Initiatives, Dow Chemical, Plastic for Change, McKinsey, Unilever, and the Work Bank. • WWF-Vietnam organized a photo exhibition to raise awareness on plastic waste pollution at the 24th Annual Cultural Competition in Phu Quoc. The event attracted 700 student participants from 24 schools in Phu Quoc and another 1,000 visitors. • GreenHub collaborated with the International Cooperation Center for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishing (ICAFIS) to hold the working session ‘Fieldwork to Evaluate the Pilot’s Results of the Line-X Paint Coating and the Orientation of Related Parties.’ Event participants included representatives from the DONRE of Quang Ninh, the Management Board of Ha Long Bay, tourism association, fishing cooperatives, research universities, women’s unions, and government agencies. GreenHub and ICAFIS will develop technical standards for Line-X painted styrofoam buoys and submit them for approval to the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Quang Ninh. • WWF-Vietnam held ocean plastic sessions (“Plastic or Planet”), which was attended by more than 50 groups, at a Phu Quoc music festival organized by Epizode.

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FINANCIAL SUMMARY

The MWRP contract budget on the following page is based on a budget realignment approved by USAID in Q4 FY19.

Table 2: MWRP Contract Budget

ITEM YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 TOTAL

DIRECT COST $917,640 $1,066,958 $1,135,976 $1,270,626 $1,131,121 $5,522,320

INDIRECT COSTS $468,326 $476,859 $661,322 $538,241 $493,283 $2,638,031

TOTAL COSTS $1,385,966 $1,543,817 $1,797,298 $1,808,867 $1,624,404 $8,160,352

PROJECT GRANTS $309,992 $1,790,008 $139,924 $2,200,000 $1,060,076 $5,500,000

FIXED FEE $60,226 $64,787 $110,121 $90,548 $81,314 $406,996 TOTAL COSTS PLUS PROJECT $1,756,184 $3,398,612 $2,047,343 $4,099,415 $2,765,794 $14,067,348 GRANTS AND FIXED FEE

The following table provides an overview of the FY20 budget (October 1, 2019 - September 30, 2020). DIG continues to be on target with spending projections.

Table 3: DIG Budget Projections Total contract budget $14,067,348 Total funds obligated by USAID into the contract to date $12,048,314 Total funds expended through March 31, 2020 $9,795,975 Total funds expected to be expended in current quarter (Q2; FY20) $1,047,367 Total unliquidated obligations as of March 31, 2020 $2,252,339 Estimated expenditures for remainder of year $2,467,048 Estimated average monthly burn rate and any expected variation* $340,000 FY20 budget (October 1, 2019 - September 30, 2020) $4,099,415 *Variation is expected due to the disbursement of grant funds.

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LESSONS LEARNED (POLICY AND PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS)

The 112 lessons learned during the life of the Program are presented in a table in Annex 3: Life of Program Lessons Learned with the categorization of individual lessons. The following table identifies the 17 new lessons learned under MWRP in Q2 FY20.

Note: The numbers in parentheses ( ) in the table below indicate the other category(ies) that includes the same lesson learned.

No. CATEGORY LESSON 1 Government legal and • Advocacy for legislative reforms in Vietnam should engage and regulatory reform seek the support of the highest ranked decision maker, in this (national & local) case the Chairman of the District’s People’s Committee. • Successful advocacy for securing national SWM regulatory reforms tends to have a trickle-down effect and facilitate achieving positive changes to regulations by local authorities. • The experience of developing an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) roadmap has demonstrated the utility of having a neutral institution play a brokering role between constituencies with differing points of view, i.e. the national government agencies, NGOs and civil society, and the private sector. (13) 2 Local government • Environmental agencies in major cities need transparent engagement relationships with local stakeholders to monitor compliance with single-use plastic regulations and keep consumers, businesses, and plastic bag producers/suppliers informed. (8) • Institutionalized SWM system feedback mechanisms promote accountability improvements in SWM practices through: (i) Regular community meetings to discuss SWM approaches, clarification of stakeholder roles, enforcement, and the regulatory framework; (ii) inputs from the community and SWM staff drive reflection and change; and (iii) effective citywide and region-wide coordination mechanisms to support SWM policymaking, planning, decision-making, and implementation. • Philippine neighborhood-level political structures (i.e. barangays) handling daily waste management services may have adequate physical infrastructure and SWM plans in place but lack oversight and technical support from the city environmental office. 3 Local government • No new lessons learned for this period. financial sustainability and cost recovery

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4 Public-Private • No new lessons learned for this period. Partnerships & Local government investment considerations 5 Information, education & • See category ten. communications (IEC); i.e. raising awareness of stakeholders 6 Behavior change in • Support from religious leaders is useful in disseminating waste management information to the public, gaining community consensus on (households & the need to improve household waste management, and businesses) convincing households to participate in baseline surveys. • Convenience stores with bulk purchasing and refills of basic foodstuffs and personal use staples need to respond to consumer interest in environmentally friendly packaging and affordable products. 7 Segregation at source • Household waste segregation at source is impacted by raising (households & awareness, social pressure, and the ability to sell recyclables. businesses) • Securing widespread household compliance to sort waste is enhanced by the existence of municipal-level regulations and proper enforcement. • Garbage collection vehicles must be able to accommodate the segregated household waste mandated by municipal regulations to ensure community compliance. 8 Capacity building • See category two. of stakeholders 9 Community-based • Community-based waste banks are developing a range of SWM strategies products and services tied to recycling that facilitate more opportunities for becoming financially viable. • Capacity building, outreach, cooperation, and information exchange among community-based waste banks are necessary to addressing the challenge of generating sufficient revenues to cover operating costs. (14) 10 Gender and youth-based • Youth participation in a waste audit is an effective way to approaches to improved raise their awareness and motivate changes in behavior on SWM plastic waste. (5) • Showing hotspots of plastic waste to students (“waste tour”) is an effective way to raise their awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (5) 11 Environmental hotspots • No new lessons learned for this period. 12 Independent waste • No new lessons learned for this period. collector sector 13 Public-Private • Changing corporate policies on single-use plastics at larger Partnerships and Private supermarkets involves creating pressure at the local sector participation (community) and corporate levels and making the case that supermarkets will suffer financially if they do not respond to the growing public concern for the environment. 29

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• Environmental NGOs must carefully analyze their choices on engaging with private companies and avoid those that are looking for “greenwashing” actions to distract attention from their business-produced plastic waste. 14 Plastic value chain • See category nine. 15 Technological innovation • No new lessons learned for this period.

16 Other • No new lessons learned for this period.

CALENDAR FOR NEXT QUARTER’S PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

MWRP activities tentatively planned for Q3 FY20 (April 1 to June 30, 2020) are summarized below, subject to the status of COVID-19 restrictions applicable in each country:

April 2020 • Review grantee quarterly progress and financial reports, and MEF updates; • Submit regular country and grantee-specific updates to USAID on the impact of the COVID-19 on project implementation; • Reinforce coordination efforts for Manila Bay research activities between DENR and MWRP grantees UGA and EWC, in cooperation with the six MWRP grantees that are or have been working in the Manila Bay area; • Update MWRP fact sheets, as needed; • Share information about MWRP with the CCBO program, as requested; • Provide ongoing technical assistance to MWRP grantees on grant management and on administrative issues, including project completion steps, filling out M&E templates, reporting, and program financial procedures; • Provide USAID with a presentation on climate risk management for Circulate Capital loan recipients; and • Begin preparations for the MWRP Philippines Cross Pollination Workshop tentatively rescheduled for August 2020.

May 2020 • Conduct MTEs for MWRP projects, subject to COVID-19 travel and visitation guidelines; • Participate in EWC/UGA project coordination meetings scheduled with government officials from DENR and the Manila Bay Coordinating Office in the Philippines; • Continue outreach to global alliances/partnerships to facilitate partnership development with MWRP grantee organizations; and • Coordinate with UGA regarding the peer-review article planned for this year.

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June 2020 • Conduct final project evaluation visits in Sri Lanka for Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. and Sevanatha, and MTEs in Indonesia for GAIA/YPBB and Divers Clean Action and in Vietnam for GAIA/GreenViet, subject to COVID-19 travel and visitation guidelines; • Submit to USAID the foreign taxes paid report for FY19; and • Submit to USAID the MWRP Accruals Report for Q2 FY20.

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ANNEX 1: MWRP RESULTS

(Detailed Breakdowns by Quarter and Year)

COMPONENT 1: Grants Program Supporting Promising Municipal Waste Approaches

1. Number of grants disbursed (obligated)

Cumulative Total Grants Disbursed: 30 (All grants were issued as of September 30, 2019)

Program Year 1: 6 (as of September 30, 2017) • Catholic Relief Services (CRS-Philippines) • Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR-Vietnam) • Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA-Vietnam) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #1 Galle, Sri Lanka) • Sevanatha Urban Development Centre (Sri Lanka) • Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 14 (as of September 30, 2018) • World Vision Inc. (WVI-Philippines) • Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC Philippines) • Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI #1) • Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD-Vietnam) • Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub-Vietnam) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna, Sri Lanka) • World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF-Vietnam) • Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF-Sri Lanka) • Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC-Sri Lanka) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #1-Vietnam) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #2-Vietnam) • Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation-Indonesia) • Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI Foundation-Indonesia)

Program Year 3: 10 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 3 • Divers Clean Action (DCA-Indonesia) • Gringgo Indonesia Foundation • Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA) Philippines Inc. Quarter 3: 2 • Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi-Indonesia) • Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines)

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Quarter 4: 5 • Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI #2) • Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) • Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, Inc. (EWC) • University of Georgie Research Foundation (UGA) • Perkumpulan Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (GIDKP-Indonesia)

Program Year 4: All Program grants were signed before the start of PY-4.

2. Amount of grants disbursed (obligated)

Cumulative Total of Grants Disbursed (obligated): $5,500,000 (All grant funds were obligated as of September 30, 2019)

Program Year 1: USD 1,210,647

Program Year 2: USD 2,534,322

Program Year 3: USD 1,755,031 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: USD 0 Quarter 2: USD 609,872 Quarter 3: USD 391,790 Quarter 4: USD 753,369

Program Year 4: All Program grant funds were obligated before the start of PY-4.

MWRP Grant Awards – Life of Program First Funding Cycle (FC-1) Country Organization Amount Philippines Catholic Relief Services (CRS) $100,000 Sri Lanka Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre $238,232 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) $244,712 Sri Lanka Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. $142,244 Center for Environment and Community Research Vietnam (CECR) $249,932 Vietnam ENDA Vietnam $243,527 Subtotal $1,218,647

Second Funding Cycle (FC-2) Country Organization Amount Philippines Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) $249,880 Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. Philippines (PRRCFI #1) $223,994 Philippines World Vision, Inc. Philippines $100,000 33

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Sri Lanka Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. $87,707 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) $171,962 Vietnam Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub) $247,406 Vietnam Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD) $74,780 Vietnam World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) $202,000 Subtotal $1,357,729

Third Funding Cycle (FC-3) Country Organization Amount Sri Lanka Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) $167,010 Sri Lanka Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) $153,590 Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Vietnam $129,738 Development (MCD) Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Vietnam $249,995 Development (MCD) Subtotal $700,333

Fourth Funding Cycle (FC-4) Country Organization Amount Indonesia Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation) $243,740 Indonesia Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI) $244,520 Subtotal $488,260

Fifth Funding Cycle (FC-5) Country Organization Amount Indonesia Divers Clean Action (DCA) $170,000 Indonesia Gringgo Indonesia Foundation $190,262 Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. Philippines (GAIA) $249,610 Indonesia Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) $220,481 Subtotal $830,353

Sixth Funding Cycle (FC-6) Country Organization Amount Indonesia Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) $249,212 Philippines Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, Inc. (EWC) $229,751 Philippines Philippine Business for the Environment Inc. (PBE) $100,000 Subtotal $ 578,963 34

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Targeted Grants (3) Country Organization Amount Philippines Mother Earth Foundation $151,309 Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. Philippines (PRRCFI #2) $74,406 Philippines University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGA) $100,000 Subtotal $325,715

Cumulative Program Total $5,500,000

3. Number of grant applicants supported through meetings or technical assistance

Cumulative Total Applicants Supported with technical assistance: 69 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 17 • Catholic Relief Services (CRS Philippines) • Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR Vietnam) • Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA Vietnam) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF Galle, Sri Lanka) • Sevanatha Urban Development Centre (Sri Lanka) • Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Philippine Plastics Industry Association (PPIA Philippines) • Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC Philippines) • Philippine Grassroots Engagement in Rural Development Foundation, Inc. (PhilGrassroots-ERDF, Philippines) • Environment Foundation (Guarantee) Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Asian Management and Development Institute (AMDI Vietnam) • ACTED (Philippines) • ACTED (Sri Lanka) • People in Need (Philippines) • People in Need (Sri Lanka) • Arthacharya Foundation (Sri Lanka) • Mapua Institute of Technology (MIT Philippines)

Program Year 2: 29 • World Vision Inc. (Philippines) • Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI Philippines) • Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD Vietnam) • Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub Vietnam)

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• International Collaborating Centre for Aquaculture and Fisheries Sustainability (Vietnam) • World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF Vietnam) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna, Sri Lanka) • Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF Sri Lanka) • Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC Sri Lanka) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD #1; Ha Long Bay, Vietnam) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD #2; Nam Dinh, Vietnam) • CSR Lanka (Sri Lanka) • Center for Public Policy Transformation (Indonesia) • Perkumpulan Inisiatif (Indonesia) • Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Indonesia) • Divers Clean Action (Indonesia) • Center for Development of Community Initiative and Environment (Vietnam) • Misool Foundation (Indonesia) • BINTARI Foundation (Indonesia) • Penabulu Foundation (Indonesia) • Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Inc. (Philippines) • Mahintana Foundation (Philippines) • Sustainable Waste Indonesia • Agrotechnology Innovation Center/UGM (Indonesia) • Ocean Recovery Alliance (Indonesia) • GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre (Vietnam) • Perkumpulan Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (Indonesia) • Trash Hero (Indonesia)

Program Year 3: 23 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 17 • Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (Indonesia) • Yayasan Peduli Negeri (YPN - Indonesia) • Ocean Recovery Alliance (Indonesia) • Kopernik Foundation (Indonesia) • CRS (Indonesia) • Ecowaste Coalition (Philippines) • PARMS (Philippines) • Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines) • Mahintana Foundation (Philippines) • CRS #2 (Philippines) • Help-O (Sri Lanka)

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• Viridis Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • UpCycling Vietnam Company Limited (Vietnam) • CECR (Vietnam) • Ocean Recovery Alliance (Vietnam) • Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines) • University of Georgia (USA/Philippines) Quarter 3: 6 • Philippines Business for the Environment (Philippines) • PARMS #2 (Philippines) • SM Supermalls (Philippines) • PRRCFI (Philippines) • SM Supermalls #2 (Philippines) • Ecowaste Coalition re UGA (Philippines) Quarter 4: 0

Program Year 4: 0 (as of March 31, 2020) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 0

4. Number of public policies, agreements, and regulations related to municipal waste management introduced and/or positively affected

Cumulative Total Policies/Regulations: 47 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 1 • In Sri Lanka, MWRP grantee Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre’s President, Kananka Jayaratne, participated as a member of the National Advisory Board convened by the Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena, which led to the passage of a law banning polythene lunch sheets, rigifoam boxes, and thin plastic bags.

Program Year 2: 8 • The HCMC People’s Committee issued Document No.129/UBND-DT in early 2018, which provided basic reforms to SWM and recognized the contributions and role of the IWCs. The document directs local authorities at the district/ward levels to collect information on IWCs, form them into cooperatives, and ensure access to basic social benefits. Local authorities are directed to assist the IWCs through training and financing to obtain suitable collection equipment. The document serves as a guide to support the IWC transition from the informal to formal sector. (Vietnam) • The HCMC People’s Committee rescinded Decision No.88 on garbage collection fees in January 2018, which had been in effect since 2008. The change means that IWCs can make agreements with individual households on an acceptable fee and collect the fee directly. This decision positively impacts IWC incomes. Advocacy of the HCMC People’s Committee is ongoing by the IWCs to arrive at a satisfactory fixed collection rate. (Vietnam)

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• The HCMC People’s Committee issued Decision No.1832/QD-UBND in late 2017 requiring households in HCMC to separate waste at source. The decision provides guidelines for households, businesses, and schools to separate waste as a means of increasing the volume of recycled waste collection. Prior to the issuance of the decision, HCMC had encouraged households to separate waste at source, but the IWC cooperative/syndicate’s advocacy efforts with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) led them to request the People’s Committee to issue a formal decision. The decision reduces the time spent by IWCs sorting recyclable waste materials and simultaneously diverts waste going to the city landfill. (Vietnam) • The People’s Committee of Xuan Ha ward, Thanh Khe district, issued Decision 138 and 139/QD-UBND in support of the establishment of a community recycling group for the implementation of the CECR project in Thuan An 4 and Thuan An 5 residential areas. These decisions specify that community recycling groups, including local authorities and representatives from socio-political organizations, are responsible for awareness-raising and changing the behavior on waste classification and recycling in the residential communities. (Vietnam) • An Official Announcement No. 393/TB-VP was made on June 12, 2018 by Nguyen Thanh Nam, Standing Vice Chairman of Son Tra DPC, declaring the Son Tra People’s Committee’s support for the reduction, classification, and recycling of rubbish discharged in Son Tra District. The decision was the outcome of a community stakeholders' meeting. (Vietnam) • In the wake of the country’s biggest religious festival of Vesak in April – May 2018, the Department of Local Government issued a notice to minimize the use of polythene for all ceremonies in all 49 Pradeshiya Sabhas in Galle district. (Sri Lanka) • The Department of Local Government issued an order to collect separated waste and arrange days for plastic/polythene collection within all 49 Pradeshiya Sabhas. (Sri Lanka) • Eight municipalities in the PRRCFI project area of southern Negros Occidental signed the Bayawan Agreement Declaration in August 2018 to improve SWM policies and reduce plastic waste. (Philippines)

Program Year 3: 28 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 4 • Through ENDA/IWC advocacy with local authorities in HCMC, Decision No.38/ 2018 QD-UBND was issued on October 22, 2018 establishing collection fees that raise the incomes of average IWCs by 60% compared to 2017 rates. (Vietnam) • In Bacolod City, the existing ordinance on plastic bag regulation was amended on December 2, 2018 in response to advocacy by PRRCFI Negros and other civil society organizations. Business establishments dispensing single-use plastic bags, including but not limited to fast food outlets, market vendors, shopping malls, food kiosks, sari-sari stores, hardware stores, groceries, and pharmacies, shall provide biodegradable plastic bags upon the customer’s request and expense. (Philippines) • A new ordinance was passed on December 14, 2018 prohibiting the use of plastic straws in Bacolod City and outlining penalties for violations. PRRCFI Negros participated in the

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

public hearing for this ordinance and contributed inputs on alternatives to plastic straws. (Philippines) • With support of PRRCFI Negros, Barangay Sum-ag, Bacolod City, passed Barangay Resolution No. 2018-11 on November 7, 2018 banning the use of plastic straws and other small plastic materials during celebrations of the Martesan Festival. (Philippines) Quarter 2: 9 • On February 24, 2019, the Puerto Princesa City Council approved the banning of single- use plastic in the city. The approval of the ban came after several public consultations and three years of deliberation by the City Council. C3MC participated in the most recent public hearings. The imposition of the ban will start in 2020, which will give businesses sufficient time to adopt the new policy. (Philippines) • PRRCFI Negros reached a milestone with the LGUs’ endorsements of seven Municipal Action Plans on Plastic Waste, one for each partner city in the Southern Negros Marine Key Biodiversity Area. The approved plans were finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided to each LGU and reflect that LGU’s current situation and capacity for reducing plastic waste. (Philippines) - (Note: Counted as one plan during this quarter. Revised in Q4 FY19 for six additional plans,) • Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by six barangays in Navotas and Malabon in Metro Manila, with technical assistance from Catholic Relief Services. (Philippines) • The Barangay Baseco Solid Waste Management Plan was prepared and approved with technical assistance from World Vision. (Philippines) • Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by 20 barangays in Puerto Princesa City with technical assistance from Candis III Marketing Cooperative and the EcoWaste. (Philippines) • Bayawan City, Negros Oriental. Executive Order No. 23, Series of October 24, 2018, issued an executive order prohibiting the use of single-use plastic instrumentalities in the new government center of Bayawan City and other annexed LGU offices. Its sister city, Sipalay City, issued a similar ordinance. (Philippines) • The Governor of Negros Oriental issued an Executive Order on July 18, 2018 banning single-use plastics in the provincial government's offices and hospitals. This includes plastic bags, cups, drinking straws, mineral water bottles, disposable food containers, and polystyrene. (Philippines) • Quang Ninh Province People's Committee issued regulations on plastic waste reduction in Plan No.41/KH-UBND on February 21, 2019 regarding implementation of the Anti- Plastic Waste Movement in Quang Ninh province. (Vietnam) • The Hai Phong City People's Committee issued Plan No. 05/KH-UBND dated January 5, 2019 outlining its integrated SWM strategy for 2025 vision 2050. The Hai Phong People’s Committee assigned DONRE responsibility for coordinating propaganda activities calling on communities to change their behavior on single-use plastics. The Hai Phong DONRE office has requested that GreenHub organize a citywide launch event for the Plan and conduct community workshops on reducing plastic waste in the province.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Quarter 3: 4 • The Vietnamese Prime Minister, Nguyen Xuan Phuc, launched a National Anti-Plastic Waste Movement to motivate citizen participation to take action in addressing plastic waste pollution. • The Ha Long City People’s Committee issued Plan No. 117/KH-UBND on April 26, 2019 announcing the deployment of the national “Anti-Plastic Waste Movement" in Ha Long City. • The Hai Phong People’s Committee issued Official Letter No. 920-CV/TU on May 28, 2019, putting into effect the implementation of the Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc’s strategy mobilizing the entire country to join hands in solving the problem of plastic waste. • The governor’s decree on June 23, 2019 banned all single-use plastic products in Bali (Peraturan Gubernur Bali Nomor 97 Tahun 2018). The ban applies to plastic bags, plastic straws, EPS/Styrofoam and other single-use plastic items. The regulation was initiated by the Denpasar mayor and extended by the governor to the entire island. Quarter 4: 11 • Following a lengthy advocacy campaign led by GIDKP to the Bandung City Government, the Mayor issued City Regulation No.37/2019 in July 2019 on Plastic Bag Reduction (“Peraturan Wali Kota Bandung No. 37 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah No.17 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik”). The regulation was launched in early September 2019. • In Barangay Salvacion, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines, Ordinance No.15 Series 2019, was adopted regulating the utilization of single-use plastic and polystyrene foam and specifying penalties. • In the Municipality of Basay, Negros Occidental, Ordinance No.18-08-10, Series of 2018, was enacted on Integrated Solid Waste Management, prescribing fees for SWM services, declaring certain acts prohibited and imposing penalties thereof. • Valvettithurai Urban Council (Regulation No.427/21.05.2019) in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, passed a regulation restricting the use of plastic lunch sheets and mandating their replacement with a biodegradable, eco-friendly lunch sheet introduced by the CEA. • Point Pedro Urban Council (Regulation No.C34/2019) in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, passed a regulation restricting the use of plastic lunch sheets and mandating their replacement with banana leaves. • PRRCFI Negros reached a milestone with the LGUs’ endorsements of seven Municipal Action Plans on Plastic Waste, one for each partner city in the Southern Negros Marine Key Biodiversity Area. The approved plans were finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided to each LGU and reflect that LGU’s current situation and capacity for reducing plastic waste. (Philippines) - (Note: Counted as one plan during this quarter. Revised in Q4 FY19 as six additional plans,)

Program Year 4: 10 (as of March 31, 2020) Quarter 1: 4 • The Governor of Jakarta Province signed Governor’s Regulation No.142 (2019) on December 27, 2019 which addresses the public’s obligation to use environmentally 40

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

friendly shopping bags at shopping centers/malls, supermarkets, and local markets. The regulation will take effect in June 2020. (Indonesia) • The Government of Vietnam, led by the Vietnam Administration of Sea and Islands (VASI), a department within MONRE, passed a National Action Plan for Management of Marine Plastic Litter by 2030 in December 2019. • The HCMC Peoples Committee passed Directive No.782/TP-VB to postpone the deadline to change the IWCs’ required collection equipment to 2025, which supports IWCs’ efforts to address the difficulties of the Decision 4448 which mandates IWCs to upgrade their current collection equipment to small pickup trucks. (Vietnam) • The HCMC Peoples Committee issued Document 10656/STNMT-CTR on December 6, 2019, which revises articles in Decision No.38. The principal modification is that the monthly waste collection fees for households are increased to VND 60,000 effective January 2020 from the prior amount of VND 25,000. Quarter 2: 6 • The Hoi An City Peoples Committee issued Instruction No. 15-CT/TU on November 12, 2019, regulating or banning single-use plastics in the city. The regulation mandates the following timelines (Vietnam): o 100% Government agencies and schools must stop using single-use plastics and plastic bags by December 31, 2019; o Markets and stores must stop using single-use plastics and plastic bags by December 31, 2021; o Commitment to reduce single-use plastics waste by 13-15% each year, towards a total ban by December 31, 2025; and o Mandatory waste sorting, including organic waste among businesses and households by December 31, 2020. • Bandung City issued a directive to set aside 10% of kelurahan’s and RW’s Development Innovation and Territorial Empowerment Program (PIPPK) budget for environmental and waste management projects, to include construction of integrated waste processing sites. (Indonesia) • The Mayor of Sorong City, West Papua, issued Regional Regulation No.7 of 2019, on November 27, 2019, amending existing city SWM regulations from 2013, which authorizes the introduction of a fee-for-service arrangement, improvements in SWM, and support for recycling. (Indonesia) • The Phu Quoc District Peoples Committee, passed in November 2019 the Phu Quoc Action Plan for Marine Plastic Debris Management to 2025, developed in cooperation with the Phu Quoc Solid Waste Management Platform organized by WWF-Vietnam and the Phu Quoc Office of Natural Resources and the Environment (ONRE). • Resolution 427/21.05.2019: Lunch sheets are banned at restaurant meals in Valvettithurai Urban Council, sheets will be replaced by banana leaves. (Sri Lanka) • Resolution 362/18.02.2019: The Valvettithurai Urban Council banned the use of plastic shopping bags and recommended cloth bags. Also, eco-lunch sheets and glass plates are required for take-out meals at restaurants and public halls.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

5. Number of activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into solid waste management:

Cumulative Total Activities: 46 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 0

Program Year 2: 9 • CRS provided technical assistance to informal sector IWCs and to the small junk shops purchasing plastics and other recycled materials. • CECR facilitated connections between ward-level Women’s Union groups and local recycling firms. • WWF continued to work with the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce to set up a voluntary working group (Platform) participating businesses to share information, advice, and accomplishments on plastic waste management. • GreenHub continued to cooperate with private hotels, restaurants and tourist boats to collect information on plastic consumption and waste handling. • ENDA met with corporations, which include Coca-Cola, Tetra Pak, Unilever, and Vietnam Upcycling, to find solutions on how to recycle single-use plastics. • Sevanatha assisted microentrepreneurs to develop viable recycling operations in environmental hotspots through community education campaigns and linkages with recycling firms. • Janathakshan carried out workshops with fishermen and boat owners, training sessions with 15 supermarkets including staff and customers, and visits to 80 hotels and restaurants, linking many of them to PET recyclers. • SLCDF-Galle identified private recyclers and linked them with community-based plastic waste collection centers to expand their supply chain. • Lanka Upcycles established PET bottle collection operations with its local partnering businesses in Arugam Bay and sells the compacted PET bottles to a Colombo-based recycler.

Program Year 3: 26 Quarter 1: 7 • World Vision provided technical assistance to informal sector IWCs and to the small junk shops purchasing plastics and other recycled materials, in partnership with The Plastic Bank. The project held a two-day workshop with 33 participants on business management and established the local Kabalikat Grocery Store as a redemption center for recyclable materials. The project also facilitated the connection of seven junkshops to national recyclers. • Sevanatha met with Coca-Cola representatives to discuss plans each party has for plastic waste management. The company expressed interest in supporting community-level initiatives in waste segregation, the collection of PET bottles and plastic waste, and providing training for people who are engaged in recyclable waste collection activities in the project area.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

• Janathakshan incorporated 15 target regular supermarkets into the “No Polythene” campaign, to join 2 large supermarket chains (LAUGFs & Co-op) and 30 minimarkets. The supermarkets have experienced a considerable reduction in the purchase and use of plastic shopping bags. • Lanka Upcycles signed a purchase agreement with Eco Spindles PVT Ltd. in Horana near Colombo and sent the first batch of 105 PET bales to the company, which recycles the plastic into polyester yarn. In November 2018, the project team visited the factory, which also produces bristles for brooms and paint brushes. • CCC convened 23 representatives from different economic sectors to coordinate with the government of Sri Lanka to develop a PPP roadmap for plastic recycling in the country. Selected private sector firms participate with the government in the official Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Project Steering Committee. • GreenHub is working this quarter with the International Collaborating Centre for Aquaculture and Fisheries Sustainability, fishing coops, and other partners including Line- X paint company to pilot a model of an “Environment-Friendly Solutions for Floating Materials in Aquaculture in Ha Long Bay, Bai Tu Long Bay,” culminating in a workshop held on December 28, 2018. • GreenHub joined with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry to attend the Trade Forum between Korea and the Mekong region countries on December 13-14, 2018 in Seoul, Korea, with the theme of promoting common prosperity through environmentally friendly initiatives. Quarter 2: 9 • BINTARI operated a partnership with Indofood, local food vendors, and recyclers to incentivize the collection of low-value noodle packets for resale. • Misool continued to revitalize its formal working arrangements with dozens of small community-based bank sampahs to purchase collected recyclables. Misool sells those recyclables in large volumes (450 MT in 2018) to industrial recycling firms in Java. • Janathakshan collaborated with the Negombo hotel sector, assisting them to review their management of guest services and put into place plastic waste reduction practices. • MCD conducted research and experiments with local universities to design and install river-based waste traps using locally appropriate technologies. • WWF trained fishermen in Duong Dong Town on plastic waste reduction in coordination with the local government. • WWF assisted 20 major hotels in the tourist industry, including Novotel and the Intercontinental Hotel, to establish voluntary targets to reduce their plastic consumption, set up recycling operations, and join the Phu Quoc SWM Platform. • ENDA worked jointly with IWCs to organize new district-level cooperatives to address the economic issues of its members. • C3MC worked with local IWCs to identify markets for the recyclables collected in distant, hard-to-reach barangays. • PRRCFI Negros worked with small grocery store owners in Sipalay and Cauayan to develop a sari-sari business model with a low-plastic footprint that replaces single-use plastic sachets and meets the needs of low-income residents. 43

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Quarter 3: 1 • DCA has an agreement with Danone to purchase plastic waste and low-value residual plastics from recyclers collecting on the Thousand Islands and with H&M to reuse plastic waste for apparel. Quarter 4: 9 • PRRCFI organized a ‘Brands Roundtable for Less Waste’ to convene NGOs and corporations to share their visions and plans for reducing single-use plastic waste through redesign and recycling; attended by 30 representatives from corporations and social enterprises including Unilever, Nestlé, Starbucks, Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf, San Miguel Corporation, Globe Telecom, Max’s Group, Inc., Human Heart Nature, SESOU Nature Source, Coco Pallet, Sip PH, and Green Antz Builders. • Janathakshan in Negombo, Sri Lanka, provided 30 hours of technical assistance training to the Negombo Municipal Council staff to aid in implementing the Green Star rating program with local supermarket chains. The Green Star rating system measures supermarket compliance with established standards in plastic waste reduction. The Green Star rating program has grown to 17 supermarkets. • Lanka Upcycles company (Rice & Carry) became a guaranteed member of the World Fair Trade Organization, a significant accomplishment for an enterprise working on producing recycled plastic goods. The company recently received its first bulk order from Urban Island for 1,540 recycled plastic buckles for bags at a Four Seasons resort in the Maldives Islands. Rice & Carry is working with Phoenix Industries on a planned expansion of its manufacturing capacity. • The WWF-organized Phu Quoc SWM Platform worked with 40 tourism sector businesses to secure commitments to reduce single-use plastics in their businesses. Participating businesses received a WWF Plastics-Reducing Practices Participation Certificate for display in their businesses. • World Vision secured financial support from the Coca Cola Foundation, in combination with DENR, to fund the construction of a new Materials Recovery Facility for Barangay Baseco in Metro Manila. • BINTARI linked its bank sampah operators with the Indonesia State Bank (BNI) Agen46 program. Agen46 facilitates access by small- and medium-sized enterprises to banking services such as savings accounts, digital financial services, and e-payment services. • PBE is partnering with PARMS and Robinsons shopping malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual plastic waste such as bags, utensils, and sachets into marketable products like interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets and bollards. • PRRCFI is partnering with SM Supermalls to educate, raise awareness, and change behaviors of the public on plastic waste, through a creative information campaign targeting consumers in Metro Manila and throughout the country. The project supports the Government of the Philippines initiative to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay. • Sevanatha partnered with Coca Cola to place 20 collection bins for PET bottles at schools and other locations around Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

Program Year 4: 11 (as of March 31, 2020) Quarter 1: 6 • Ceylon Chamber of Commerce works with Tetra Pak in the development of an EPR roadmap for Sri Lanka. • PRRCFI Negros is collaborating with Nestle in setting up the product mix for its Wala Usik (No Waste) sari-sari store model in southern Negros. • Janathakshan is working with the largest national supermarket chain, Keells, to reduce its consumption of plastic bags and to participate in the Green Star rating program in Negombo, Sri Lanka. • DCA is working with KFC as a partner in the #NoStrawMovement to engage youth in the KFC program and support marine debris issues. DCA will begin a Marine Debris Rangers program in February 2020 with participants coming from DCA’s national youth summit. • DCA collaborates with an Indonesian company, Sejauh Mata Memandang, which produces fashion products and carefully manages its textile waste. DCA and the company collaborate in educating urban communities about the impact of marine debris pollution. They will also plant corals and mangroves to the Thousand Islands as a carbon offset. • DCA will receive a small percentage of the sales of sustainably made personal care products from an Indonesian company, Goban Cosmetics products, to support waste segregation facilities on the Thousand Islands. Quarter 2: 5 • EcoWaste Coalition collaborates with two private Philippine universities, University of Santo Tomas and De La Salle University, to conduct four technical studies on SWM and ocean plastic waste pollution in Manila Bay. • Janathakshan surveyed hotels in Negombo Municipality to establish baseline data on PET bottle use and disposal practices. Subsequently, Janathakshan linked hotels to recyclers and recruited 80 hotels to join the Negombo ‘Go Green Negombo’ campaign. • Janathakshan facilitated a partnership with the Sri Lankan Navy, Harbour Cooperative Society, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DFAR), Negombo Port Authority managers, Multi-Day Boat Owners Association, and Beira Enviro Solutions (Pvt) Limited to design a system for monitoring the use and return of PET bottles by fishing and tourist boats at the Negombo port. Janathakshan introduced the Beira Enviro Solutions to the PPP, which provided bins and picked up the returned PET bottles. • ENDA-Vietnam worked with Tontoton recyclers in HCMC and a cement company in Kien Giang to test the use of low-value, single-use plastics as a refuse derived fuel (RDF) for their cement kilns. ENDA advised the IWC cooperatives on its signing of a Letter of Agreement in March 2020 with Tontoton to supply the specified plastic waste. • WWF-Vietnam collaborated with Dandy Travel, Epizode, and Phu Quoc Green & Clean, to conduct orientations on reducing single-use plastics for tour boat operators and tour guides in December 2019 on Phu Quoc Island.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

6. Percentage of grantees that have incorporated one or more women’s empowerment indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans:

Percentage of Grantees - Cumulative: 100% (30 grantees; cumulative total to date 30/30)

Program Year 1: 0% Program Year 2: 10% (2 grantees; cumulative total to date 2/20; effective September 30, 2018) -Catholic Relief Services (CRS) -Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre Program Year 3: 100% (28 additional grantees; cumulative total to date 30/30; effective September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 45% (7 additional grantees; cumulative total 9/20) • Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PPRCFI #1) • Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #1 Galle) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #1: Ha Long) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #2: Nam Dinh) • Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA) Quarter 2: 65% (6 additional grantees; cumulative total 15/23) • Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) • Center for Social Research & Development (CSRD) • Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. • Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. • Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) • Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) Quarter 3: 88% (7 additional grantees; cumulative total 22/25) • WWF Vietnam • C3MC • Bintari Foundation • Misool Foundation • Divers Clean Action • Gringgo Indonesia Foundation • Transformasi Quarter 4: 100% (8 additional grantees; cumulative total 30/30) • PRRCFI #2 • Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) • University of George Research Foundation (UGA) • Mother Earth Foundation • Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines Inc. (EWC) • GAIA 46

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

• GIDKP • World Vision-Philippines Program Year 4: 100% (All Program grantees are measuring women’s empowerment indicators)

COMPONENT 2: Evaluation of Grants Program Results and Development of Lessons Learned & Recommendations for USAID Investments

7. Number of investment opportunities identified to improve solid waste management

Cumulative Total SWM/Recycling Investment Opportunities: 16 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 1 • Phoenix Industries Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 15 • PT Harapan Interaksi Swadaya/Greenhope (Indonesia) • PT Xaviera Global Synergy (Indonesia) • Polydime International (Sri Lanka) • Orient Group of Companies (Sri Lanka) • Viridis Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Eco Sans Plastics Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Dai Long Group JSC (Vietnam) • Hoai Nam Hoai Bac Company (Vietnam) • Da Loc Trade and Construction LLC Project 1 (Vietnam) • Da Loc Trade and Construction LLC Project 2 (Vietnam) • Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Dagupan City • Green Desert Company Ltd. (Vietnam) • Basic Environmental Systems Technologies Inc. (BEST Philippines); Cebu City • Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Angeles City • Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Cabuyao, Laguna

Program Year 3: 0 Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 0 Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0

Program Year 4: 0 (as of March 31, 2020) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 0

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

8. Number of lessons learned on solid waste management practices affecting plastic pollution

Cumulative Total Lessons Learned: 112 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 0

Program Year 2: 6

Program Year 3: 44

Program Year 4: 62 (as of March 31, 2020)

COMPONENT 3: Support for International Cooperation on Waste Management

9. Number of strategic partnerships facilitated between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management

Cumulative Total: 2 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 0

Program Year 2: 0

Program Year 3: 1 Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 1 • MWRP reached an agreement with the Ocean Conservancy (OC) to work together on issues related to ocean plastic debris. Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0

Program Year 4: 1 (as of March 31, 2020) Quarter 1: 1 • At the Indonesia country workshop in Jakarta in November 2019, DIG discussed opportunities for USAID/MWRP collaboration with the Regional Representative Mr. Toby Manners of the Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW), a global partnership of 30+ multi-national corporations based in Singapore. AEPW manages a $1.5 billion grant and financing facilities portfolio. AEPW is investing in the Asia-Pacific region to raise public awareness on ocean plastic pollution and to finance capital investments in waste management and recycling infrastructure. DIG and AEPW agreed to follow up after the workshop. Quarter 2: 0

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

10. Number of meetings to facilitate potential partnerships between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management

Cumulative Total: 8 (as of March 31, 2020)

Program Year 1: 1 • Ocean Conservancy – Date: July 19, 2017; Location: Washington D.C.; Participants: COR Darren Manning and COP, Henri Disselkoen, with Ocean Conservancy’s Susan Ruffo and Eric des Robert; Topic: Cooperation between USAID/MWRP and Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas Program, and future collaboration with the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Virtual Working Group on Marine Debris.

Program Year 2: 3 • Ocean Conservancy – Date: June 12, 2018; Location: Washington D.C.; Participants: COR Clare Romanik, ACOR Silvia Petrova, and COP Henri Disselkoen with Ocean Conservancy’s Keondra Bills Freemyn; Topic: APEC conference with USAID/MWRP participation. • Ocean Conservancy – Date: June 29, 2018; Location: Hanoi, Vietnam; Participants: COP Henri Disselkoen with Ocean Conservancy’s Susan Ruffo; Topic: APEC conference with USAID/MWRP participation. • Ocean Conservancy – Date: September 2018 (several sessions); Location Washington D.C.; Participants: COR Clare Romanik, COP Henri Disselkoen; Topic: OOC.

Program Year 3: 1 Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 1 • Dr. Jenna Jambeck, Ph.D.: Series of meetings/communications between October 2018 and March 2019 to discuss prospective collaboration on ocean plastic pollution issues focusing on the Philippines. Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0 Program Year 4: 3 (as of March 31, 2020) Quarter 1: 3 • Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW) - Mr. Toby Manners, Regional Director; Location: Jakarta, Indonesia at the MWRP Country Workshop in December 2019; met to discuss opportunities for collaboration with MWRP grantees. • Second Muse Incubation Network; Mr. Matteo Chiampo, Technical Director; Location: Jakarta, Indonesia at the MWRP Country Workshop in December 2019; met to discuss opportunities for MWRP grantees and private sector firms to apply for innovation grants. • CCBO; Mr. Jon Angin, COP; Ms. Gina Green, Location: Jakarta Indonesia, Colombo, Sri Lanka and Phu Quoc, Vietnam at the MWRP Country Workshops in November and December 2019; facilitated access to private sector firms and city governments to discuss future program opportunities for reducing ocean plastic pollution. Quarter 2: 0

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

ANNEX 2: DRAFT SUCCESS STORY

A Fast-Growing Plastic Recycling and Pelletizing Business in Sri Lanka

Janathakshan Guarantee Limited is working on a project with public and private sector partners in Negombo and Katunayake, Sri Lanka to reduce plastic waste under USAID’s Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP). The project team provides training and technical support and links independent waste collectors (IWC) and private recyclers with local businesses (e.g., supermarkets, hotels, restaurants), fishing boat owners, and households that segregate their waste. By doing this, the project increases waste segregation within communities to reduce plastic waste leakage into the marine environment.

Mr. Anton Joseph is a local recycler in Kurana, a municipal ward of Negombo. Prior to 2018, Anton had been collecting and crushing plastic and sending it to a recycling factory which then shutdown. When the MWRP team first visited his facility in they observed that Anton had a single plastic crusher machine and sold around 12 metric tons (MT) of crushed plastics per month. Anton was also struggling to obtain the required legal documents to register his business with local authorities which had prevented him from expanding operations. An RNA Plastic employee sorting recyclable plastic material. In mid-2018 the MWRP team, accompanied by a value chain expert, conducted a training on the benefits of incorporating plastic recycling into his business model. With the guidance of the team, Anton began taking steps towards starting a plastic recycling and pelletizing operation by purchasing a plastic pelletizer machine. The project then introduced Anton to IWCs who would facilitate the supply of plastic for purchase by collecting from their communities and provided him with new trainings on engaging with local authorities and management and workflow arrangements.

Anton has since been able to increase his monthly processing capacity of recyclable materials to 30 MT and register his new business, ‘RNA Plastics,’ with the local government. When asked about the impact of MWRP on his business, Anton noted “when I got connected with the project staff they taught me the value of the work I am doing and the amount of benefit it brings to Negombo’s marine environment…then I received trainings on dealing with government offices and the rights I have as a business. With these trainings, I was able to develop my business to a level that I never imagined.” As of December 2019, more than 130 IWCs are providing RNA Plastics with plastic waste. With the increase in suppliers, Anton has been able to provide income to nearly 20 new IWCs and increase the income of his current suppliers. Due to his work, the Negombo Municipal Council credits RNA Plastics as one of the reasons for the success of waste segregation within communities. 50

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

ANNEX 3: LIFE OF PROGRAM LESSONS LEARNED

The following table identifies the 112 lessons learned during the life of the Program:

Note: The numbers in parentheses ( ) in the table below indicate the other category(ies) that includes the same lesson learned. The 17 new lessons learned for this quarter are indicated in bold.

No. CATEGORY LESSON 1 Government legal and • Local ordinances mandating segregation-at source for regulatory reform households are an important catalyst for behavior change. (national & local) • Expert advice to national and local governments by MWRP grantees is a long process due to political dynamics and delays during election cycles. • The need exists to strengthen the national policy framework for plastic waste reduction in Indonesia beyond what currently exists in SWM laws and other environmental regulations. • Budgetary and cost recovery shortcomings are not appropriately addressed by political decision makers. • Efforts to address the ocean plastic waste problem in Indonesia and the Philippines must take into account the high degree of regional variations that shape the problems and potential solutions. • For legal reforms, project implementers have achieved results by using an approach that is bottom up for consultation, technical assistance, and planning, and top-down for securing approval. • Advocacy for legislative reforms in Vietnam should engage and seek the support of the highest ranked decision maker, in this case the Chairman of the District’s People’s Committee. • Successful advocacy for securing national SWM regulatory reforms tends to have a trickle-down effect and facilitate achieving positive changes to regulations by local authorities. • EPR and Extended Stakeholder Responsibility have become important topics for national government environmental action on the legislative and regulatory fronts, which will have substantial impact on the business sector and communities. (13) • The experience of developing an EPR roadmap has demonstrated the utility of having a neutral institution play a brokering role between constituencies with differing points of view, i.e. the national government

MWRP Quarterly Report – Quarter 2; FY 2020 ______

agencies, NGOs and civil society, and the private sector. (13) • Local governments benefit from technical assistance in planning, implementing, and enforcing SWM/recycling policies and regulations on reducing local consumption of single-use plastic products. (2.8) 2 Local government • Local government’s messaging to promote solid waste engagement separation at source in communities is practical only when coupled with the availability of proper recycling and waste collection practices. (5) • Having local government authorities involved in developing a communication strategy to encourage the reduction of plastic waste and reinforcing the message is a more effective means of instilling behavior change than just having an NGO directly communicate with households. (5) • The frequent turnover caused by election cycles of local government officials and environmental staff responsible for SWM underscores the need to have clear laws and regulations, institutionalized structures for SWM operations, and technical training and support to reinforce the transition to new implementing units. • Project planning with the open and transparent participation of community and local authority stakeholders generates considerable and positive public engagement at the implementation level (SLCDF Jaffna). • Most municipalities in Indonesia and the Philippines assign the responsibility for SWM service delivery to their neighborhood units without sufficient funding. • Environmental agencies in major cities need transparent relationships with local stakeholders to monitor compliance with single-use plastic regulations and keep consumers, businesses, and plastic bag producers/suppliers informed. (8) • Institutionalized SWM system feedback mechanisms promote accountability improvements in SWM practices through: (i) Regular community meetings to discuss SWM approaches, clarification of stakeholder roles, enforcement, and the regulatory framework; (ii) inputs from the community and SWM staff drive reflection and change; and (iii) effective citywide and region-wide coordination mechanisms support SWM policymaking, planning, decision-making, and implementation. • Philippine neighborhood-level political structures (i.e. barangays) handling daily waste management services may have adequate physical infrastructure and SWM

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plans in place but lack oversight and technical support from the city environmental office. 3 Local government • LGUs that receive technical assistance to improve financial sustainability implementation of community SWM plans generate new jobs and cost recovery and provide benefits (e.g., permits, health and social services) for informal waste collectors. (8,9,12) • Local government elected officials in some countries in the region claim that charging residents a fee for SWM service is difficult, thereby negatively impacting their SWM budgets and capacity to deliver quality services. • Local governments often do not charge reasonable fees for SWM services which would generate sufficient revenues to cover the costs for efficient garbage collection. • Home or private garden composting of organic waste offers a promising low-cost solution for reducing basic SWM service expenses but is under-promoted and underutilized. (7) 4 Public-Private • Minor public investments into collection tools and equipment Partnerships & Local for independent waste collectors are a cost-effective means government investment for creating sustainable, market driven SWM systems in considerations communities. (12) • Local governments typically lack capital funds to invest in SWM infrastructure (landfills, vehicles, etc.) and are reliant upon national government transfers for major expenditures in all four countries. • Local government SWM authorities face critical unfunded mandates from national laws for waste collection and SWM infrastructure, i.e. sanitary landfills, vehicles, and equipment. • Local governments are looking more closely at PPPs for financing new SWM/recycling infrastructure investments. (3,13) • Environmental sustainability and an end to externalities, i.e. social/financial costs as a result of produced plastics that are not taken back by producers, need to be a core objective of cooperation between government, the private sector, and communities. • Reducing plastic waste leakage into the environment has led to substantial job creation, i.e. 400 jobs in 30 projects. (5,6) 5 Information, education & • A training of trainers’ approach with civil society CBOs and communications (IEC); volunteers is an effective means of reaching large numbers of i.e. raising awareness of community residents in a short timeframe, and of promoting stakeholders behavior change in local SWM practices. (8) • Utilizing multiple communication channels for outreach to raise awareness and promote a grants Program elicits a strong response from interested local organizations. • Comprehensive solid waste manuals, posters, and informational flyers on the importance of proper waste management are effective educational tools for local 53

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governments and civil society to use for civic education among households and establishments (schools, businesses, etc.). • Beach clean-ups and/or settlement cleaning activities to raise local awareness have been effective ways to identify community leaders and secure commitments from government officials. • Social behavior change communication techniques directed at youth should be adapted to age and gender diversity and consider local religious, cultural and economic contexts. (10) • Social media is proving to be an effective tool to inform and mobilize youth to participate in community projects and in advocacy campaigns to influence public officials on the need to address the plastic waste problem and its impact on the oceans. • Public events and activities, such as coastal cleanups and waste audits, are an effective way of encouraging the population to continue spreading the word about marine plastic pollution and the importance of reducing plastic use and recycling. Following such events and activities, many groups and organizations reach out to MWRP grantees requesting guidelines on how to carry out their own ocean plastic- awareness activities. Grantees can benefit from making guidelines and manuals available for replication. • Door-to-door education and awareness raising activities directed at households on how to segregate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving community compliance. (7) • School-based educational activities have proven effective at raising awareness among large numbers of students, teachers and administrators. • Radio spots are an effective means of messaging large populations. • Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the ocean plastic waste issue. (10) • Support from school administrators and teachers is essential for carrying out effective school education programs on ocean plastic pollution. • There is a fast-growing interest among the public on the topic of ocean plastic pollution due to expanding coverage by news sources and opinion makers. • MWRP projects have been successful in getting over 600,000 persons in 148,332 households, schools, and businesses to begin waste segregation at source. (6,7) 6 Behavior change in • The higher unit cost of alternative shopping bags is often seen waste management by shop owners as an impediment to reducing the use of single-use plastic shopping bags but, in some cases, shop 54

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(households & owners have experienced a reduction in the unit cost of businesses) alternatives as their use scales up. • Changes in single-use plastics consumption and separating recyclables in the tourism sector is driven primarily by economic benefit considerations and customer preferences. • The government’s clean-up of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach and messaging and follow-up to ensure that the location will not become littered again with garbage. (11) • Resistance to change arises among specific economic groups when they consider ocean plastic pollution to be a lesser priority than more remunerative issues. (13) • There is a growing acceptance among the general public of plastic regulations to reduce the consumption of single-use plastics and increase the use alternative reusable shopping bags. • Support from religious leaders is useful in disseminating information to the public, gaining community consensus on the need to improve household waste management, and convincing households to participate in baseline surveys. • Convenience stores with bulk purchasing and refills of basic foodstuffs and personal use staples need to respond to consumer interest in environmentally friendly packaging and affordable products. 7 Segregation at source • A significant portion of the general public stop segregating (households & waste at source as they become aware that the municipal businesses) garbage collectors mix waste for incineration or final disposal at landfills. • Household waste segregation at source is impacted by raising awareness, social pressure, and the ability to sell recyclables. • Securing widespread household compliance to sort waste is enhanced by the existence of municipal-level regulations and proper enforcement. • Garbage collection vehicles must be able to accommodate the segregated household waste mandated by municipal regulations to ensure community compliance. 8 Capacity building • Few grantee organizations have significant experience with of stakeholders SWM and plastic waste recycling, underscoring the need for grantees to receive technical assistance in finalizing their project designs and during implementation. • Informal/independent waste collectors, as individuals or groups, and small recycling firms, benefit from higher incomes when they are exposed to training sessions and technical

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support oriented towards improving their business skills and understanding of the plastic waste recycling market. (9,12) • Support from stakeholders such as NGOs, the city environmental agency, or religious organizations in training and networking increase the recycling capacity of community waste recycling groups (e.g., bank sampah). (9) • Exposure visits between waste recycling groups (WRG), i.e. waste banks, are valuable opportunities for learning and for sharing knowledge and approaches. • The trainings in waste bank management is most effective when taking place in locations with existing recycling operations instead of in workshops/presentations. • Training materials on business management and health/safety/environmental considerations are essential for organizing and promoting sustainable community recycling operations in Indonesia. • Three MWRP country workshops provided grantees, civil society organizations, local government environment offices, and the private sector with an opportunity for learning, networking, discussing, and sharing their organizational priorities, or fostering long-term collaboration. 9 Community-based • The community-based SWM model operating in Da Nang SWM strategies demonstrates the importance of mobilizing a broad base of stakeholders (households, community leaders, women’s union, independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, solid waste managers, city environmental staff, and political officials from the Peoples Committee) committed to identifying workable solutions such as “Clean House, Clean Street, Clean City.” (10) • The active participation of grassroots community leaders and CBOs is fundamental to gaining community support, implementing successful projects, and gaining support from the local government. • Informal/independent waste collectors, as individuals or groups, and small recycling firms, benefit from higher incomes when they are exposed to training sessions and technical support oriented towards improving their business skills and understanding of the plastic waste recycling market. (8,13) • Support from stakeholders such as NGOs, the city environmental agency, or religious organizations in training and networking increase the recycling capacity of community waste recycling groups (e.g., bank sampah). (8) • Community waste recycling groups with varied economic components (e.g., credit, daily bartering, and cooperation with recycling firms) attract more household participation.

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• An effective way to engage women in training on solid waste management and to empower them is to encourage men to voluntarily manage household waste and to help women obtain jobs in the solid waste sector. (10) • The ‘Zero Waste” model for community based SWM, which includes recycling and composting, is an accepted practice among the general public when there is good coordination among local government SWM officials and community residents. • Community-based waste banks are developing a range of products and services tied to recycling that facilitate more opportunities for becoming financially viable. • Capacity building, outreach, cooperation, and information exchange among community-based waste banks are necessary to meet the challenge of generating sufficient revenues to cover operating costs. (14) 10 Gender and youth-based • The community-based SWM model operating in Da Nang approaches to improved demonstrates the importance of mobilizing a broad base of SWM stakeholders (households, community leaders, women’s union, independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, solid waste managers, city environmental staff, and political officials from the Peoples Committee) committed to identifying workable solutions such as “Clean House, Clean Street, Clean City.” (9) • An effective way to engage women in training on solid waste management and to empower them is to encourage men to voluntarily manage household waste and to help women obtain jobs in the solid waste sector. (9) • Corporations are learning that an important way to engage with youth is through IEC campaigns addressing global environmental issues such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (13) • A women-to-women approach to promoting community participation in SWM and recycling is proving effective for civil society organizations in various countries. (8) • School-based training on plastic waste pollution and recycling has led to students’ households doing waste separation at source and recycling. (6) • There is growing international attention of the importance of youth and youth groups as leaders in raising public awareness of the urgent need to find workable solutions to address ocean plastic pollution. • Building capacity and empowering individual women and women’s organizations has proven effective in improving SWM and recycling at city/neighborhood levels. For instance,

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31,927 women have received at least three hours of training and/or become local decisionmakers. (8) • Youth participation in a waste audit is an effective way to raise their awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (5) • Showing hotspots of plastic waste to students (“waste tour”) is an effective way to raise their awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (5) 11 Environmental hotspots • Coordinating efforts around the local government’s provision of transport services, independent waste collectors’ contact with households, and community recyclers purchase of recyclables results in waste collection services reaching into hard-to-reach “last mile” locations within urban areas. • Community beach clean-ups have proven to be popular events that resonate with the general public and are useful for increasing awareness of ocean plastic pollution. 12 Independent waste • Waste banks operated and managed by community members collector sector have been successful in Indonesia and promoted by the national government as a promising approach for increasing waste segregation at the source and recycling and reducing the amount of waste going to landfills. • Financial and technical support from local government and private sector are important factors in achieving sustainable waste banks. • IWCs play an important role in city waste collection and reach areas where large collectors cannot. For this reason and because they work directly with households and are able to talk directly to households and influence behavior change. • Organizing IWCs into groups (cooperatives, unions, etc.) enables them to advocate governments on behalf of their members for better social and environmental protections, training programs, fringe benefits, and higher incomes from negotiated collection fees. • Financial and technical support from local government and private sector are important factors in achieving sustainable waste banks. • IWCs play an important role in city waste collection and reach areas where large collectors cannot. For this reason and because they work directly with households and are able to talk directly to households and influence behavior change. • Organizing IWCs into groups (cooperatives, unions, etc.) enables them to advocate governments on behalf of their members for better social and environmental protections, training programs, fringe benefits, and higher incomes from negotiated collection fees.

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13 Public-Private • Corporate engagement with MWRP grantees’ projects has Partnerships and Private been managed by the corporate social responsibility sector participation departments of national and international corporations, with decisions evidencing strong correlation to their existing country business locations, activities, and strategy. • Replacing single-use plastics in hotels (such as water bottles in rooms) could bring financial benefits rather than higher costs, a conclusion presented by Novotel in Phu Quoc, Vietnam. • Multinational corporations are funding large-scale global initiatives to address ocean plastic pollution as a means to protect their corporate brands and create a public perception that they are becoming a part of the solution for pressing environment problems. • Foreign companies export products in plastic packaging to MWRP countries but do not offer a mechanism to collecting, handling and disposing of these packaging materials. • Companies sell and transport products to remote islands in plastic packaging but do not assist with collecting, handling and disposing of these materials. • Changing corporate policies on single-use plastics at larger supermarkets involves creating pressure at the local (community) and corporate levels and making the case that supermarkets will suffer financially if they do not respond to the growing public concern for the environment. • Environmental NGOs must carefully analyze their choices on engaging with private companies and avoid those that are looking for “greenwashing” actions to distract attention from their business-produced plastic waste. 14 Plastic value chain • Strengthening the plastic value chain linkages between private sector stakeholders (i.e., independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, national-level buyers) and the local government results in a reduction of waste going into public landfills. • Waste bank database management is essential for monitoring the progress of waste recycling groups/waste banks and waste bank transparency. • Collaboration of the waste recycling groups with local organization/companies with market bazaars for sale/barter of recycled items are an effective means to increase the number of participating community residents. • Identifying intermediary waste buyers/collectors are helpful for WRGs to obtain competitive prices for their collected recyclables. • The residents in low-income communities are generally knowledgeable about the value of plastic waste and its potential for resale. 59

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• Paper and cardboard waste is becoming less attractive to recycling firms due to low market prices. • Follow the money: The plastic waste value chain is key for determining the level of participation by small recycling firms, independent waste collectors, women and youth. • Low-value plastics (single-use items, sachets, multi-layered packaging, etc.) will not be collected unless subsidized, for example through a PPP initiative. 15 Technological innovation • Waste traps are effective for capturing and removing solid waste from waterways, however, they must be strategically located and regularly maintained to avoid incidents of flooding. The municipal government must be willing to take responsibility for cleaning the traps in a timely manner. • Sorting bins for various types of waste are effective in a school environment. Schools are using the revenues from selling recyclables to improve the students’ daily lives. • Digital money cellphone applications are simple, useful tools for managing community waste banks. • The need exists for improved, standardized data collection on the amount of waste being produced and recycled to facilitate performance evaluations, policymaking, and the design of support mechanisms to local governments and the informal waste sector. • Tourism industry businesses are introducing alternatives to single-use plastics in response to public pressure from their clientele and competitors. • The dialogue with businesses -- hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, etc. – around the subject of reducing their consumption of single-use plastics provided to be effective in stimulating changed business practices. • Ocean plastic waste will disintegrate into microplastics and remain in the environment for 700 years. Innovative measures for mitigation and cleanup are urgently needed. • Bulk shopping of FMCGs in small/large shops with reusable containers is an effective approach for reducing the 800 billion plastic sachets used each year. 16 Other • The use of the WhatsApp mobile application for a MWRP grantee group in each country is an effective communication tool for sharing information. • Cross-pollination workshops are beneficial to Program grantees when they are well-prepared and open to sharing their experience, challenges, and lessons learned.

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ANNEX 4: MWRP MEF RESULTS TABLE

Note: DIG has started working with Dr. Jenna Jambeck and her team at UGA to analyze trends over time using the statistical software application RStudio and geographic information system ArcGIS. The analysis will notably include the impact of specific events (e.g., COVID-19) on waste collection/recycling and on other Monitoring and Evaluation Factors.

Indonesia Philippines Sri Lanka Vietnam TOTAL for 4 MWRP Countries MWRP MEFs for all countries (TOTAL results) Reported Reported Reported Reported Reported Reported March'20 March'20 March'20 March'20 March'20 Dec'19 A # Direct beneficiaries 500,629 504,097 422,650 1,967,785 3,395,161 3,395,161 B # Indirect beneficiaries 847,500 539,171 315,400 991,391 2,693,462 2,693,462 # MTs plastic waste recycled 584 379 515 1,123 2,601 2,010 MEF 1 # MTs plastic waste diverted from environment otherwise (*) 230 17 281 - 528 294 # TOTAL MTs plastic waste diverted from the environment 814 396 796 1,123 3,129 2,304 # Innovative SWM approaches adopted 8 16 19 8 51 41 # Innovative technologies or equipment adopted 5 2 3 6 16 16 MEF 2 # New regulations/laws/policies/enforcement measures 9 8 6 12 35 85 # New public-private partnerships / signed agreements 15 7 7 11 40 TOTAL new innovative approaches, technologies, measures 37 33 35 37 142 142 # Public awareness hours received 57,620 68,132 244,395 129,778 499,925 482,368 MEF 3 # Technical and awareness training hours (**) 17,312 16,612 66,476 44,184 144,584 137,078 # Technical assistance hours received 14,201 2,962 4,655 10,730 32,548 26,874 MEF 4 # Households/Establishments starting support for recycling 17,941 19,839 56,539 68,676 162,995 148,332 MEF 5 # Jobs created (> 3 months) for males 84 81 319 43 527 472 MEF 5 # Jobs created (> 3 months) for females 97 54 515 104 770 593 MEF 5 # TOTAL beneficiaries who got a new SWM job (> 3 181 135 834 147 1,297 1,065 MEF 7 # Men who completed training (**) 2,060 1,819 2,605 986 7,470 6,649 MEF 7 # Women who completed training (**) 2,632 2,275 14,807 12,641 32,355 30,926 MEF 7 # TOTAL beneficiaries who completed training (**) 4,692 4,094 17,412 13,627 39,825 37,575 MEF 8 # Women got job in traditionally male-dominated activity 21 53 31 347 452 308 MEF 9 # Women newly participating in decision-making in SWM 198 20 299 579 1,096 1,001 Youth # Youth that got engaged in plastics pollution (***) 18,289 20,598 28,525 29,318 96,730 92,487

* Conservative estimate # MTs plastic waste reduction by "reuse/reduce/REFUSE/repurpose/reclaim/etc" as result of changed behavior ** Training requires a structure, a trainer and trainees, and needs to be for at least three hours *** "Engaged" = "Awareness of negative side of plastics leaking into the ocean"