DOCSLIB.ORG

Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies YEARBOOK OF BALKAN AND BALTIC STUDIES VOLUME 1 INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF BALKAN AND BALTIC STUDIES YEARBOOK OF BALKAN AND BALTIC STUDIES VOLUME 1 edited by EKATERINA ANASTASOVA MARE KÕIVA ŽilVYTIS ŠaknYS ELM SCHOLARLY PRESS VILNIUS-TARtu-SoFIA 2018 Editors: Ekaterina Anastasova, PhD, Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, Bulgaria Mare Kõiva, PhD, Estonian Literary Museum Žilvytis Šaknys, PhD, Lithuanian Institute of History Inese Runce, PhD, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia News and reviews: Liisa Vesik Language editor: Nemertes OÜ (this issue) Cover: Lina Gergova Layout: Diana Kahre Editorial board: Nevena Škrbić Alempijević (Croatia), Jurji Fikfak (Slovenia), Evangelos Karamanes (Greece), Zoja Karanovich (Serbia) Solveiga Krumina-Konkova (Latvia), Andres Kuperjanov (Estonia), ThedeK ahl (Germany), Tatiana Minniyakhmetova (Austria), Alexander Novik (Russia), Rasa Paukštytė- Šaknienė (Lithuania), Irina Sedakova (Russia), Irina Stahl (Romania), Svetoslava Toncheva (Bulgaria), Piret Voolaid (Estonia) Supported by Bulgarian, Lithuanian, Estonian and Latvian Academies of Sciences, Centre of Excellence in Estonian Studies, Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, Estonian Literary Museum, Lithuanian Institute of History, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia © 2018 by the authors © International Society of Balkan and Baltic Studies © Estonian Literary Museum ISSN 2613-7844 (printed) ISSN 2613-7852 (pdf) DOI 10.7592/YBBS1 www.folklore.ee/balkan_baltic_yearbook Contents Introduction 7 I Traditions and Religions Religion in the Post-Liberal Time Solveiga Krumina-Konkova 13 Religious Sites and Sacred Spaces in Lithuania and Poland: A Comparison between the Šiluva Complex and the Świebodzin Statue of Jesus Robert Parkin 21 Religious Identity of Bulgarian Catholics’ Communities Rasa Račiūnaitė-Paužuolienė 31 Circular Mobility and Neo-Paganism (Estonian Case) Ekaterina Anastasova 45 Inventing Sacred Places: Wooden Sculptures and Placemaking of Contemporary Landscape Mare Kõiva 61 Traditional Practices and Contemporary Manifestations of the Feast of St. Haralambos Wonderworker in Bulgaria Milena Lyubenova 77 On the Path of the Buddha – Specifics andD istribution of Buddhism in Bulgaria Svetoslava Toncheva 91 Slavic-Baltic Space through the Prism of Magic Books Tatiana Minniyakhmetova 107 II Cities, Cultures, and Migrations Friendship and Spending Time with Friends in the City in Lithuania and Bulgaria Žilvytis Šaknys 119 Comparison of Co-Workers’ Leisure in Sofia and Vilnius: Personal Occasions Irma Šidiškienė 131 Ethnocultural Behaviour of Migrants in Polyethnic City (Example of the Tajiks of Kazan) Guzel Stolyarova 145 Cultural Heritage Abroad: Literacy Festivities, Celebrated in the Educational Institutions of Bulgarian Immigrant Communities Mariyanka Borisova 157 III News and Reviews Collecting Action “School Lore 2018” Exceeded All Expectations Reet Hiiemäe 171 Two Collections from Eda Kalmre 173 Call for Papers 175 Introduction After twelve years of meetings, field research, discussions, three conferences, series of seminars and lectures, three books, and numerous articles on the Balkans and the Baltic region in the united Europe we decided to merge the earlier publications and start with an annual journal, The Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies, a scholarly journal published annually by the International Society for Balkan and Baltic Studies, with support by our home institutions. The annual journal, The Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies, aims to promote and encourage research, and to provide a forum for those working in the field of ethnology, folkloristics, religiosity, and other traditional domains in the humanities and social sciences. The key topic for this issue is the situation in the field of religion in the modern world. As has been predicted by Bronisław Malinowski, religion will still play a defining role for human civilization in the years to come. This topic has become especially relevant in recent years (and decades), when we have been observing a number of large-scale religious processes in Europe, and also on a global scale. On the one hand, for the post-Socialist countries, it has been a period of boisterous flourishing and extensive freedom in terms of religion. The opening of the borders and the freedom of religious expression, which replaced atheism, have both revived traditional religious confessions and al- lowed some new religious movements to penetrate the conservative national religious space. However, at the same time, religion has turned into one of the main arguments of xenophobia, racism, and ethnic and religious intolerance. Such stereotypes as “an Arab—a Muslim—a terrorist” are engraved in the minds of modern Europeans. In combination with large-scale migration processes in Europe, related to the arrival of migrants from Asian and North African Ekaterina Anastasova, Mare Kõiva, Žilvytis Šaknys countries that are either poor or at war, they give rise to social fears as well as ethnic and religious tension. At the same time, similarly severe problems can be observed within the framework of Christianity, where political contraposi- tions affect the religious situation in the post-Socialist countries.F or example, the problem of the belonging of churches to one or another patriarchate in the independent states of the former USSR and Yugoslavia is also becoming a major issue in Ukraine. Moscow and Constantinople (the Patriarchate of Moscow and the Patriarchate of Constantinople) are fighting for the souls of people of faith, engaging themselves in the existing contraposition, which all the more divides the already counterposed nations and states. The first part of this edition is dedicated to the problems pertaining to religion and religious traditions. It starts with an article by Solveiga Krumina- Konkova, who presents research on religion and everything religious in the con- text of the new post-liberal situation. Other articles also deal with the diversity of the current religious situation. Traditional cults and their transformation in the modern world (Milena Lyubenova), worshipping practices and monuments (Robert Parkin), neo-paganism as a basis for the modern national identity (Ekaterina Anastasova), and new religious movements (Svetoslava Toncheva) and their monuments (Mare Kõiva) occupy a major place in the modern European identity, reflecting the search for the new and “uncompromised” framework for self-identification.R eligion is still one of the most conserva- tive social and cultural phenomena of the modern world. The preservation of traditional religious commitment, which makes a particular faith group stand out from the macro-society, continues to remain an important feature within the modern religious landscape (Rasa Račiūnaitė-Paužuolienė). At the same time, the interest towards everything magical continues not only to be actu- alised, but also to create the new “magical” literature (folk fakes according to A. L. Toporkov). Tatiana Minniyakhmetova discusses the issues pertaining to the Balto-Slavic space that exist in magical books. The second part of the edition deals with the problems covered by the topic of Cities, Cultures, and Migrations. The issues related to the city, free time, multicultural space, and migration institutions occupy a major place in the European research area. Žilvytis Šaknys and Irma Šidiškienė present research on the topics of friendship, professional contacts, and free time, comparing the situations in Bulgaria and Latvia. Guzel Stolyarova discusses the ethnic characteristics of the behaviour of the Tajiks in the multinational 8 Introduction city of Kazan (Tatarstan). Mariyanka Borisova writes about national cultural heritage, supported and developed by Bulgarian educational institutions abroad. The present issue presents diverse research carried out by both young and well-established scientists, who study the areas of the Balkans, the Baltic States, and, on a wider scale, Europe and Russia. This collection of different topics, methodologies, and approaches represents the current state and urgent issues of European science. We hope that this edition will be interesting and useful for a wider audience. Ekaterina Anastasova, Mare Kõiva, Žilvytis Šaknys I Traditions and Religions https://doi.org/10.7592/YBBS1.01 RELIGION IN THE POST-LIBERAL TIME Solveiga Krumina-Konkova Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The paper is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of religi- osity in the post-liberal time and shows such cases of change in the religious life of Latvia. Post-liberalism means the intellectual tendency arisen during the second part of the 20th century. It was first analysed in George Lindbeck’s work “TheN ature of the Doctrine: Religion and Theology in aP ostliberal Age”. One of the specific features of post-liberalism is “return to traditions” while adopting this tradition to the present cultural situation and offering new explanation concerning human nature, personal experience in the world and within the particular cultural milieu. The increase of the application of tendencies of post-liberalism within the religious institutions and beyond nowadays determines also the growing interest in the mysticism and mys- tical experience. The paper will address someL atvian cases, which, in the author‘s opinion, are characteristic of post-liberal religiosity. Keywords: Christian
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Belarus Headlines XLVIII
    Office for a Democratic Belarus Belarus Headlines Issue XLVIII December 9, 2009 EU Policy: Sharing Knowledge with Belarus. Fourth Visit of Belarusian Experts to Brussels fice and Ad- Foundation for Legal Tech- ministrative nologies Development and Management supported by the Swedish team gave an International Development overview on Cooperation Agency cooperation (SIDA). Candidates for par- programmes ticipation in the programme and the func- are selected through an open Office for a Democratic tioning of Uni- call for applications. The Belarus versity and re- organisers welcome partici- form processes. pation of experts from both civil society groups and Inside this issue: Belarusian experts in Brussels Topics that government-affiliated struc- were covered as tures." On the invitation of the part of the Belarusian 1 Office for a Democratic programme experts on Belarus in Brussels, Bel- included education in gium and the Foundation Life-long Brussels for Legal Technologies Learning Development (Ukraine), a Pro- EU and Belarus 2-4 group of Belarusian ex- grammes, perts on Education and Intellectual Research visited Brussels Property, on November 23-27, 2009. Educational Politics and 4-5 The Belarusian delegation, issues and Society which included representa- policy to- tives from government wards Bela- institutions, research rus, EU Belarusian delegation in the city of Ghent 6-8 Finance and group, took part in a train- policy to- Economics ing course “EU Education wards Belarus and Re- 27/11/2009 and Research Policy: Shar- reforming and creating inter- Mysterious ing Knowledge with Bela- national contacts for universi- Source: ODB Belarus rus”. ties. Photos by ODB 9-11 The Black Lady Within the framework of This visit is of Niasvizh the course, the Belarusian part of a Castle.
    [Show full text]
  • Belarusheadlines
    Published by: Issue IV ODB October 2011 BISS Belarus Digest Analysis BelarusHeadlines Eastern Partnership Summit and Belarus: Nothing for Nothing Warsaw played host to the second summit of the Eastern Partnership initiative on September 29-30, which failed to generate a new impetus for the development of that political dimension, and where Belarus was represented at the minimum possible level. .....P. 3 Lukashenka and the Middle Eastern Regimes: Rogue Friendship? It is very probable that in trying to mend fences with the West Lukashenka may use some of his friendships with anti-Western regimes as a bargaining chip to negotiate better terms for his regime. Yet their price – with the remarkable exception of China – is not high. .....P. 6 Research BISS` POLLING MEMO:Belarusians are in Belarus Central Bank Chief Nadzeya Ermakova at the press-conference where she announced the between - but no one is there Devaluation of the national currency. 20 October 2011, Minsk. Photo by svaboda.org to represent them The prevailing displeasure of Belarusians has increased since Main News June, reaching its peak in September. Two thirds of The parliament of Belarus has passed in a of citizens of Belarus on freedom of speech and Belarusians believe their country closed session a series of measures assembly" as well as aiming to undermine “the is heading in the wrong direction tightening restrictions on opposition groups international support to Belarusian civil society and there is a national and expanding secret police powers. and political oppositions.” consensus that Belarus is stuck Under the new measures, political and civil- in an economic crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Works of Martin Zeiller (1589-1661)
    PRZEGLĄD ZACHODNI 2018 WACŁAW PAGÓRSKI Poznań THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH IN THE WORKS OF MARTIN ZEILLER (1589-1661) The present paper aims to present a profile of Martin Zeiller – a German-speaking preceptor, translator and author of descriptions of European countries and “knowledge collections” (Wissenssammlung). This author often put descriptions of the Polish-Lith- uanian Commonwealth (the First Commonwealth) in his numerous works: in travel pieces, which are part of ars apodemica (travel advice literature), in various descriptions from the fields of geography, history, politics and society, and on the sheets of “knowl- edge collections”, where he recorded facts from a wide range of areas of life. Thus, another objective of this contribution is to collate information about the First Common- wealth from all of Zeiller’s works, which is a theme that has not been addressed by Pol- ish researchers.1 This should stimulate further studies of Martin Zeiller’s works, which were very popular in 17th century Germany (the Holy Roman Empire). Naturally, interest in Zeiller was greater in the German-speaking countries than in Poland. The first publications about him date from the late 18th century2 while his contemporary biography was published in 19893. His works have been investigated from various perspectives: besides biographical notes in encyclopaedias and lexi- cons4, most commonly in connection with his descriptions of the Holy Roman Empire and other European countries.5 Worthy of mention is also research on ars apodemica, 1 This paper attempts to recapitulate the results of research the author conducted for the purposes of his MA thesis written in the Institute of History at Adam Mickiewicz University (AMU) under the supervi- sion of Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • ESJF Report on Belarus Cemeteries
    Belarus Jewish Cemeteries Survey and Research Project REPORT Prepared by the ESJF European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative Minsk 2017 Managing Editor: Philip Carmel Project Director: Yana Yanover Historical Research Director: Kateryna Malakhova, PhD Scientific Consultant: Alexey Yeryomenko Rabbinical Consultant: Rabbi Mordechai Reichinshtein Graphic Design: Yekaterina Kluchnik Copy Editor: Michele Goldsmith Office manager: Nataliya Videneyeva Survey Coordination: Ihor Travianko, Victoriya Dosuzheva, Alexander Konyukhov Data Coordination: Vladimir Girenkov, Stanislav Korolkov, Yaroslav Yaroslavskiy Surveyors: Alexey Yerokhin, Polina Hivrenko, Shimon Glazsheyn, Yitshak Reichinshtein, Ruslana Konyukhova Historical Research: Alexandra Fishel, Alena Andronatiy, Yan Galevsky, Yakov Yakovenko, Petr Yakovenko, Sabina Enenberg, Nadezhda Tolok, Oleksandr Khodakivsky, Kirill Danilchenko, Olha Lidovskaya, Vladimir Girenkov, Nadezhda Ufimtseva Translation: Marina Shteyman, Julia Zagorovsky We express our deep gratitude for all their assistance and advice to the following: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Belarus Embassy of the United States of America to the Republic of Belarus Union of Religious Jewish Congregations of Belarus and to the Jewish communities of Brest, Homel, Hrodna, Mahilyow, Minsk and Vicebsk. This report was also greatly facilitated by the very generous cooperation of mayors and regional and local government authorities throughout the Republic of Belarus. CONTENTS ESJF European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative 4 Historical Jewish
    [Show full text]
  • CONFERENCE SCHEDULE and MATERIALS
    The 6th International Research Conference MECHANISMS FOR FORMATION OF CULTURAL EXCLUSION AND FRONTIER ZONES – 2019 CONFERENCE SCHEDULE and MATERIALS Location: Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, building 5 address: 48-50 Moika-river embankment (entrance from Kazanskaya str.) aulas: Heraldic hall (the 1st floor, 202-204), Large conference hall (2nd floor, 331) (October 2-5, 2019) Saint Petersburg 2019 1 There are two aspects of the formation of cultural memory. The first one is memorial zone. The second is the zone of oblivion and experience excepted from ordinary cultural practice; it is more important as it involves more cultural phenomena. Like some inconvenient historical figure or uncomfortable historical event this cultural experience is excepted but not completely forgotten. It shapes cultural borderlines and defines processes of identification. Such zones of excepted but unforgotten cultural experience were named Cultural Exclusion and Frontier Zones (on the analogy with the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone). The main objectives of the Conference: To reveal the mechanisms for formation of cultural exclusion zones on the example of the totalitarian Soviet past. Though topographical representation of national culture is nowadays quite common in the field of the Humanities (the methods of exposing of geographical boarders of national cultures are drawn up, theories of “cultural boarders” are elaborated and imagology is actively developing), borderline is usually regarded as a characteristic of some territory possessing distinct outlines. The research group brought together by this project takes into consideration multifactor influence upon the contents of culture and sees in interaction of different cultures not only frontier zones (marginal and containing elements of two and more interacting cultures) but also exclusion zones, i.
    [Show full text]
  • Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Poland
    Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Poland By Henry L. deZeng IV Płock Photo credit: U.S. National Archives, College Park, Maryland, USA; photo taken 27 July 1944. Edition: September 2014 Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Copyright © by Henry L. deZeng IV (Work in Progress). (1st Draft 2014) Blanket permission is granted by the author to researchers to extract information from this publication for their personal use in accordance with the generally accepted definition of fair use laws. Otherwise, the following applies: All rights reserved. No part of this publication, an original work by the authors, may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the author. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. This information is provided on an "as is" basis without condition apart from making an acknowledgement of authorship. Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Airfields Poland Introduction Conventions 1. For the purpose of this reference work, “Poland” generally means the territory belonging to the country on 1 September 1939, the date of the German attack and the beginning of World War II. 2. All spellings are as they appear in wartime German documents with the addition of alternate spellings where known. 3. Cross references have been omitted for the most part due to the unusually large number of them for this country. A search within the document (“Airfields – Poland”) by right-clicking and then using the “Find” function should bring up alternate names.
    [Show full text]
  • The Thought of Rabbi Aryeh Leib Baron
    Raphael Shuchat Rabbi Raphael Shuchat, PhD, is a lecturer in Jewish Philosophy and Mysticism at The School for Basic Jewish Studies at Bar Ilan University, as well as a research fellow at Ariel University. He lectures as well at the program for Orthodox Conversion at the Beit El Synagogue, Tel Aviv. A LITVAK IN MONTREAL: THE THOUGHT OF RABBI ARYEH LEIB BARON abbi Aryeh Leib Baron (nee Baranovich) was born in Horodok, Belarus (Lithuania) in 1912 and passed away in Telz-Stone, Israel R in October 2011. He studied in the yeshiva of Rakov (today Rakaw, Belarus) under Rav Avraham Kalmanowitz, spent six months in a yeshiva in Stoiptz (Stoibtz, today Stowbtsy, Belarus) and later attended Yeshivat Ohel Torah in Baranovich for fi ve years, where he met Rabbi ElchononWasserman, Rabbi David Rappaport, as well as Rabbi Yisrael Yakov Lubchanzky, the mashgiah of Baranovich, at whose home he was hosted for Shabbat meals.1 He was one of two students in Baranovich who were responsible for tutoring the weaker students to prepare them for R. Wasserman’s classes. He summarized each class and R. Wasserman used his notes to publish his novellae on Yevamot, Kovets He’arot.2 At the age of 20, Rav Baron moved to the yeshiva in Mir (Belarus).3 In 1939, the students of the Mir yeshiva moved to Vilnius with the outbreak of the war and, in 1941, after receiving entry visas from the Japanese government, they fl ed Lithuania to avoid the Nazi occupation, on a journey which took place, in part, on Shabbat.
    [Show full text]