a & hesi C st lin e ic n a A l f R o e l s Journal of Anesthesia & Clinical e a a n r r c u h o Nnamani, J Anesth Clin Res 2015, 6:7 J ISSN: 2155-6148 Research DOI: 10.4172/2155-6148.1000540 Review Article Open Access From ‘OOPS to EXIT’: A Review of the Origins and Progression of Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment Nwamaka Nnamani* UTSW Anesthesiology, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9068, USA *Corresponding author: Nwamaka Nnamani, Assistant Instructor, UTSW Anesthesiology, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9068, USA, Tel: 773-749-2220; E-mail:
[email protected] Received date: Feb 27, 2015, Accepted date: July 08, 2015, Published date: July 13, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Nnamani N. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Advancement in the safety of obstetric anesthesiology has largely been due to better pharmacotherapy, monitoring devices and airway adjuncts. Similarly, the rate of fetal mortality has declined in the last two decades particularly due to improved neonatal intensive care and the wide-spread use of surfactant for premature births. The field of perinatology has long recognized that certain high-risk fetal anomalies, which previously carried significant mortality rates may now be amenable to the Ex Utero Intrapartum Treatment (EXIT). This review discusses the history of EXIT and focuses on the role of the anesthesiologist during this procedure; with emphasis that the successful outcome of many EXIT procedures is a testament to the advancements in obstetric anesthesiology, our understanding of maternal and fetal physiology, safer anesthetic agents, and improved overall safety of general anesthesia in parturients.