Guide for the Installation of Smoke Detectors in One and Two Family Dwellings
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How to Live with Your Fire Alarm System
How to Live with Your Fire Alarm System: Smoke detectors are sensitive to a number of items in addition to smoke from fire, including dusts and mists. To prevent nuisance fire alarms: 1. Do not smoke in your residence hall. 2. Do not spray aerosol products (air fresheners, hair spray, spray paint, perfume, mists, insect spray) or use candles, incense, powder, etc.) near smoke detectors or in large amounts. Consider using solid, non-aerosol air fresheners and keep spray paint and dusty projects outdoors in a well ventilated area. 3. Do not spray liquids on or near smoke detectors (cleaning products, water, steam) 4. Do not leave your microwave unattended. Burned food can smoke and does set off smoke detectors. Follow reheating directions and food preparation recommended cooking times, especially popcorn, and stay close by. 5. Do not use prohibited items such as candles, toaster ovens, George Forman Grills, or space heaters in your room. These items can cause nuisance fire alarms or worse - start a fire. Nuisance fire alarms and unnecessary fire department runs are dangerous, expensive, and disruptive for the fire department and create safety hazards for everyone. Your life and the lives of others may depend on your smoke detector. Do not disable or cover it. For more about cooking fires and fire prevention tips, visit NFPA.org @ http://www.nfpa.org/index.asp Fire Prevention Week commemorates the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the tragic conflagration that killed more than 250 people, left 100,000 homeless, and destroyed more than 17,400 structures. Fire Prevention Week Web site www.firepreventionweek.org . -
Smoke Alarms in US Home Fires Marty Ahrens February 2021
Smoke Alarms in US Home Fires Marty Ahrens February 2021 Copyright © 2021 National Fire Protection Association® (NFPA®) Key Findings Smoke alarms were present in three-quarters (74 percent) of the injuries from fires in homes with smoke alarms occurred in properties reported homei fires in 2014–2018. Almost three out of five home with battery-powered alarms. When present, hardwired smoke alarms fire deathsii were caused by fires in properties with no smoke alarms operated in 94 percent of the fires considered large enough to trigger a (41 percent) or smoke alarms that failed to operate (16 percent). smoke alarm. Battery-powered alarms operated 82 percent of the time. Missing or non-functional power sources, including missing or The death rate per 1,000 home structure fires is 55 percent lower in disconnected batteries, dead batteries, and disconnected hardwired homes with working smoke alarms than in homes with no alarms or alarms or other AC power issues, were the most common factors alarms that fail to operate. when smoke alarms failed to operate. Of the fire fatalities that occurred in homes with working smoke Compared to reported home fires with no smoke alarms or automatic alarms, 22 percent of those killed were alerted by the device but extinguishing systems (AES) present, the death rate per 1,000 reported failed to respond, while 11 percent were not alerted by the operating fires was as follows: alarm. • 35 percent lower when battery-powered smoke alarms were People who were fatally injured in home fires with working smoke present, but AES was not, alarms were more likely to have been in the area of origin and • 51 percent lower when smoke alarms with any power source involved in the ignition, to have a disability, to be at least 65 years were present but AES was not, old, to have acted irrationally, or to have tried to fight the fire themselves. -
Laser Technology Smoke Detector
APPLICATIONS GUIDE Laser Technology Smoke Detector APPLICATIONS GUIDE Laser Technology Smoke Detector Contents Section 1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................................2 Section 2 Benefits ............................................................................................................................................................................2 Section 3 Applications ....................................................................................................................................................................2 Ideal Applications ..........................................................................................................................................................2 Applications to Avoid ....................................................................................................................................................2 Section 4 How it Works ..................................................................................................................................................................3 The Principles of Laser Detection...............................................................................................................................3 Section 5 Performance ...................................................................................................................................................................4 -
Fire Service Features of Buildings and Fire Protection Systems
Fire Service Features of Buildings and Fire Protection Systems OSHA 3256-09R 2015 Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 “To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health.” This publication provides a general overview of a particular standards- related topic. This publication does not alter or determine compliance responsibilities which are set forth in OSHA standards and the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Moreover, because interpretations and enforcement policy may change over time, for additional guidance on OSHA compliance requirements the reader should consult current administrative interpretations and decisions by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission and the courts. Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced, fully or partially, without permission. Source credit is requested but not required. This information will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 693-1999; teletypewriter (TTY) number: 1-877-889-5627. This guidance document is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new legal obligations. It contains recommendations as well as descriptions of mandatory safety and health standards. The recommendations are advisory in nature, informational in content, and are intended to assist employers in providing a safe and healthful workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act requires employers to comply with safety and health standards and regulations promulgated by OSHA or by a state with an OSHA-approved state plan. -
The Rising Cost of Wildfire Protection
A Research Paper by The Rising Cost of Wildfire Protection Ross Gorte, Ph.D. Retired Senior Policy Analyst, Congressional Research Service Affiliate Research Professor, Earth Systems Research Center of the Earth, Oceans, and Space Institute, University of New Hampshire June 2013 The Rising Cost of Wildfire Protection June 2013 PUBLISHED ONLINE: http://headwaterseconomics.org/wildfire/fire-costs-background/ ABOUT THIS REPORT Headwaters Economics produced this report to better understand and address why wildfires are becoming more severe and expensive. The report also describes how the protection of homes in the Wildland-Urban Interface has added to these costs and concludes with a brief discussion of solutions that may help control escalating costs. Headwaters Economics is making a long-term commitment to better understanding these issues. For additional resources, see: http://headwaterseconomics.org/wildfire. ABOUT HEADWATERS ECONOMICS Headwaters Economics is an independent, nonprofit research group whose mission is to improve community development and land management decisions in the West. CONTACT INFORMATION Ray Rasker, Ph.D. Executive Director, Headwaters Economics [email protected] 406 570-7044 Ross Gorte, Ph.D.: http://www.eos.unh.edu/Faculty/rosswgorte P.O. Box 7059 Bozeman, MT 59771 http://headwaterseconomics.org Cover image “Firewise” by Monte Dolack used by permission, Monty Dolack Gallery, Missoula Montana. TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................. -
Fire Department Annual Report 2010
Borough of Chatham Annual Report 2010 Fire Department February 13, 2011 Mayor V. Nelson Vaughan, III Chatham Borough Council Members Dear Mayor and Council, The following is a report of activities of the Chatham Borough Fire Department for the calendar year 2010. During the year, the fire department responded to a total of three hundred and fourteen (314) incidents, which was an increase of eighty-seven (87) over last year. Fortunately in 2010, there were no significant fires which caused reportable fire loss. During the year however, there were twenty-nine (29) reported fires. This included four (4) building fires, nine (9) cooking related fires, three (3) furnace or boiler fires, four (4) chimney fires, five (5) brush or trash fires, and four (4) passenger vehicle fires. Actual loss was reported for only three (3) months during the year totaling only $8300. This was a very significant decrease of $155,900 over last year in which a loss of $164,200 was posted. The members of the Chatham Fire Department contributed a total of eight thousand seven hundred fifty-three (8753) man-hours of service to the community in 2010. Incident responses accounted for one thousand seven hundred eighteen and three quarters (1718 ¾) man-hours while the remaining seven thousand thirty-four and one quarter (7034 ¼) man-hours were logged for training, work details, and fire duties to facilitate the many programs sponsored by the department throughout the year. This year was a very active year, with an increase of one thousand four hundred and six and three quarters (1406 ¾) man hours compared to the total logged for 2009. -
Fire Alarm and Communication Systems Ioflil Burin of Stndirti
NBS TECHNICAL NOTE 964 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / National Bureau of Standards Fire Alarm and Communication Systems ioflil Burin of Stndirti MAY 1 1 1978 Fire Alarm and Communication Systems ^U' ^/ lOc 1w^ Richard W. Bukowski Richard L. P. Custer Richard G. Bright Center for Fire Research National Engineering Laboratory National Bureau of Standards Washington, D.C. 20234 ..< °' ^o, \ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Juanita M. Kreps, Secretary Dr. Sidney Harman, Under Secretary Jordan J. Baruch, Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Annbler, Director Issued April 1978 National Bureau of Standards Technical Note 964 Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Tech. Note 964, 49 pages (Apr. 1978) CODEN: NBTNAE U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1978 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OflBce, Washington, D.C. 20434 Price $2.20 Stock No. 003-003-01914-3 (Add 25 percent additional for other than U.S. mailing). 2 CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES v 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. CONTROL UNITS 2 2.1 Common Features 2 2.2 Local Control Units 3 2.3 Auxiliary Control Units 3 2.4 Remote Station Control Unit 4 2.5 Proprietary Control Units 4 2.6 Central Station Control Units 5 3. INITIATING DEVICES 6 3.1 General 6 3 . Manual 6 3.3 Automatic 7 4. CLASSIFICATION OF DETECTORS 7 4.1 Geometric Classification 7 4.2 Restoration Classification 7 4.3 Alarm Contact Circuit Classification 7 5. HEAT DETECTION 8 5.1 Fixed-Temperature Detectors 8 5.1.1 Eutectic Metal Type 9 5.1.2 Glass Bulb Type 9 5.1.3 Continuous Line Type 9 5.1.4 Bimetal Type 10 5.1.4.1 Bimetal Strip 10 5.1.4.2 Snap Disc 10 5.2 Rate-of-Rise Detectors 11 5.3 Combination Detectors 12 5.4 Thermoelectric Detectors 12 6. -
Insight Gaseous Fire Suppression System
Insight Balanced Risk Engineering Solutions Gaseous Fire Suppression System All businesses are reliant on computer technology in order to survive today. What if there was a fire in the main computer room. Would it put you out of business? Would it impact on sales & profits? If the answer is yes then you need to evaluate computer room and other critical area fire protection measures in order to ensure that they are adequate. What are the consequences to business survival and employee security? We are all too aware of businesses which have had fires and have failed to restart. All commercial premises now use computers and other high tech electronic systems in order to record sales, purchases, financial information, control production, allow communication and facilitate email correspondence - the modern way of conducting business. Gaseous fire suppression systems are particularly applicable for high value risks where a minor fire within a critical area could have serious financial repercussions for the business far beyond the cost of physical damage and lost production. System Operation Types of Gaseous Fire Suppression Systems Gaseous fire suppression system activation can be There are two main types of gaseous fire suppression manual, automatic or auto/manual. Gas is discharged systems comprising inert gas and chemical agents. The through a pipe network system and enters the protected main agents that are encountered today include: environment through appropriately designed spray nozzles. • Inergen • Argonite Gaseous fire suppression systems when designed and • FM 200 installed correctly should ensure that high value assets are protected from fire and the effects of fire fighting. -
Fire Extinguisher Brochure
Common Fire Extinguishers Learn More About Safety: www.urbandale.org - UFD website www.nfpa.org - National Fire Protection Associa- tion (NFPA) www.homefiresprinkler.org - Home Fire Sprinkler F i r e Coalition Extinguisher Left: Class ABC Dry Chemical Extinguisher www.ready.gov - FEMA Emergency Preparedness Information site www.bereadyiowa.org – IA Homeland Security and Emergency Management 3927 121st St. Would you be able to use Urbandale, IA 50323 Phone: (515) 278-3970 one in the event of a fire? Email: [email protected] www.facebook.com/urbandalefiredepartment Above: Class K Extinguisher. This is a wet chemical based extinguisher common in res- taurant kitchens. It is designed for fires in- volving grease and oils from cooking opera- tions. When To Use A Fire Extinguisher Extinguisher Classifications Make sure you are trained on how to Extinguishers are vital as the first line of properly deploy a fire extinguisher. During defense to use during a small fire. There Anatomy Of A Fire a fire is not the time to learn! are several classifications of fire extinguish- Extinguisher: ers depending on the type and size of the Make sure you know what is burning. building in which they may be needed. Be- low is a list of the classifications, which can Make sure the fire is not spreading quickly. be found on the side of the extinguisher: Make sure heat and smoke have not filled the area/room. Make sure you have a clear path of escape. Make sure someone has called 9-1-1. P.A.S.S. Method To operate an extinguisher, remember the word PASS: P—”pull” the pin at the top of the extinguisher that keeps the handle from being depressed. -
DS Series Addressable Detector Application Guide K-76-1000
w w DS Series Addressable Detector Application Guide K-76-1000 K-73-200 Rev AB July 2015 FOREWORD July 2016 -1- K-76-1000 PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDE This guide, K-76-1000, is to be used by qualified and factory-trained personnel, knowledgeable of NFPA standards and any other applicable standards in effect. This guide is intended to provide guidance to qualified technical professionals for the installation and maintenance of the DS Series Addressable Detectors. Any questions concerning the information presented in this guide should be addressed to: Kidde-Fenwal, Inc. 400 Main Street Ashland, MA 01721, USA Phone: (508) 881-2000 Toll Free: (800) 872-6527 Technical Support: (866) 287-2531 Fax: (508) 881-8920 www.kiddefiresystems.com LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Only qualified persons experienced and trained in the installation of this type of equipment should install and configure DS Series Addressable Detectors. Installation in accordance with this guide, applicable codes, and the instructions of the Authority Having Jurisdiction is mandatory. The technical data contained herein is provided for informational purposes only, and should not be used as a substitute for professional judgment. The content of this manual is proprietary in nature and is intended solely for distribution to authorized persons, companies, distributors or others for the sole purpose of conducting business associated with Kidde-Fenwal, Inc. Although, Kidde-Fenwal, Inc. believes this information to be true and correct, it is published and presented without any guarantee or warranty whatsoever. Kidde-Fenwal, Inc. disclaims any liability for any use of the data other than as set out in this manual, foreword included. -
Emergency Management: Smoke Detectors & Fire Extinguishers
s SMOKE DETECTORS es dn re and pa re P 7 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Taking it one step Ever Vigilant Sentries That May at a time. SAVE YOUR LIFE Half of the home fires and three-fifths of fire deaths occur in homes without smoke detectors. Hundreds of people die each year in homes with smoke detectors that don’t work. It’s important that you not only have a smoke detector, but that you check and maintain it frequently. You Need To Know What Kind Important Information Of Smoke Detector You Have & About Smoke Detectors How To Maintain It •Battery-Powered Make Placement a Priority Battery-powered smoke detectors operate on •At a minimum, there should be a smoke alkaline batteries. Unlike the bunny, they won’t detector in the hallways and corridors keep going forever. The battery should be checked between the sleeping areas and the rest of weekly and replaced twice a year. A good time to the house, and/or a smoke detector in the do this is when you change your clock in the fall and center of the ceiling directly above each spring. stairway. •Hard-Wired without Battery Back-up • Additional measures include installing smoke This type of smoke detector operates on household detectors on a wall or the ceiling in each current. As long as you have electricity, it will sleeping room. function; but if your house loses power, it will no • Because smoke rises, smoke detectors longer function. If you have this type, you should should be mounted high on the wall or also install battery-operated models for back-up. -
NFPA 72 Fire Alarm System
Fire Alarm System Plan Review Checklist 2010 OFC and 2007 NFPA 72 This checklist is for jurisdictions that permit the use of the 2007 NFPA 72 in lieu of IFC’s referenced 2002 NFPA 72. Date of Review: ______________________________ Permit Number: _____________________________ Business/Building Name: _______________________ Address of Project: __________________________ Designer Name: ______________________________ Designer’s Phone: ___________________________ Contractor: ________________________________ __Contractor’s Phone: __________________________ FA Manufacturer: ___________________ FA Model: ____________ Occupancy Classification: _________ Reference numbers following checklist statements represent an NFPA code section unless otherwise specified. Checklist Le gend: v or OK = acceptable N = need to provide NA = not applicable 1. ____ Three sets of drawings are provided. 2. ____ Equipment is listed for intended use and compatible with the system, specification data sheets are required, 4.3.1, 4.4.2. Drawings sh all detail t he follo wing items, OFC 907.1.2 and NFPA 72 4.5.1.1: 3. ____ Scale: a common scale is used and plan information is legible. 4. ____ Rooms are labeled and room dimensions are provided. 5. ____ Equipment symbol legend is provided. 6. ____ Class A or B system is declared, alarms zones do not exceed 22,500 sq. ft. (unless sprinklered then limit is set by NFPA 13, and each floor is a separate zone, OFC 907.7.3. 7. ____ When detectors are used, device locations, mounting heights, and building cross sectional details are shown on the plans. 8. ____ The type of devices used. 9. ____ Wiring for alarm initiating and alarm signaling indicating devices are detailed. 10.