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AAST, see American Association for adrenocorticotrophic hormone antibiotic 41 the Surgery of Trauma (ACTH) 174 anticoagulation agent 452 abarelix 150 – ectopic syndrome 177 antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 176, 394 abciximab 505 adrenogenital syndrome 547 antiemetic drug 27 abdomen Advanced Trauma Life Support antifungal therapy 154 –burstabdomen403 (ATLS) 128, 187 antihypertensives 303 –openabdomen403 adynamic ileus 209 antilymphocyte therapy 455 –vascularsurgery 236 AFP, see alpha-fetal protein antiplatelet therapy 372 abdominal AHF, see acute heart failure antipsychotics 303 – abscess 407, 471, 507 AISE, see acute idiopathic scrotal antithrombin deficiency 416 – compartment syndrome 405, 481 edema anuria 67, 105, 111, 341, 455, 457, 554 –tenderness252 albuminuria 531 aortic dissection 503 –trauma82 Alcock’s canal 271 APACHE II 47, 466, 470 – wound dehiscence 403 Alcotest 25 appendectomy 391 Abrams-Griffiths number 121 aldosterone 174, 394 appendicitis 391 abscess alfentanil 125 appendix, carcinoid tumor 392 –Bartholin51 Al-Ghorab shunt 305 aprotinin 372 –drainage395 algorithm 2 aPTT, see partial thromboplastin time –ischiorectal56 Allis clamp 316–318, 321 ARDS, see acute respiratory distress – perirectal 140 alpha-antagonist 122 syndrome – periurethral 140 alpha-fetal protein (AFP) 96, 135 argon beamer coagulator 357 –vulval51 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor 122, 123 arrhythmia, perioperative 10 absorbable gelatine sponge 314 alprostadil 302 arterial access-related injury alum 158 – bleeding 343 –prevention351 American Association for the Surgery – blood gas analysis (BGA) 13 acetylsalicylic acid 372 of Trauma (AAST) 206 – injury 315 achalasia 530 American Society of Anesthesiology – mycotic aneurysm, rupture 453 acidosis 107, 302, 445 (ASA) 432 – oxygen saturation 13 acrolein 155 aminocaproic acid 30 arteriovenous fistula 203, 204, 217 ACTH, see adrenocorticotrophic aminoglycoside 57, 68, 112, 435 artery of Adamkiewicz 317 hormone –pregnancy64 artificial urinary sphincter infection acute aminopenicillin 64 434 – abdomen 377, 378 AML, see angiomyolipoma ASA, see American Society of Anesthe- – coronary syndrome 14 amoxicillin-clavulanate 153 siology – heart failure (AHF) 12, 13 ampicillin 469 Aspergillus species 154 – idiopathic scrotal edema (AISE) 95 AMPLE history 3 aspirin 36 – obstructive pyelonephritis 445 amyloidosis 175 asthma 35 – renal artery occlusion 501 analgosedation 20, 21 atelectasis 57, 376 – respiratory distress syndrome anaphylaxis 18, 32 atherosclerosis 394 (ARDS) 166 – IgE-dependent 33 ATLS, see Advanced Trauma Life Sup- –scrotum93 – non-IgE-dependent 33 port – tubular necrosis (ATN) 454, 455 –treatment35 ATN, see acute tubular necrosis – urinary retention (AUR) 118, 126, anastomosis 395 atopy 35 132, 447 anastomotic leak 471, 472 atrial fibrillation (AF) 11 ––femalepatient 129 androgen deprivation therapy 150 atrioventricular node 10 adenopathy 135 androstenedione 74 atropine 10, 12 adenosine 11 anemia 28, 56, 175 augmentation cystoplasty 447 ADH, see antidiuretic hormone anesthetic agent 40 – spontaneous rupture 447 adrenal angiomyolipoma (AML) 143 AUR, see acute urinary retention –hemorrhage75 angioplasty balloon 202 autoerotic stimulation 310 – pseudocyst 218 angiosarcoma 393 autonomic dysreflexia 101 adrenalectomy 357, 358 animal bite 263 autosomal recessive polycystic kidney antiarrhythmic pharmacology 9 disease (ARPKD) 77 650 Subject Index

axillary adenopathy 400 – intractable hemorrhage 154, 157 bovine tuberculous mycobacterium azathioprine 96, 461 – laceration 252 146 azotemia 214, 455 –neoplasm127 bowel –neurophysiologicdysfunction163 –anastomosis449 Bacille Calmette-Gu´erin (BCG) 146 – outflow obstruction (BOO) 119, – – disruption 472 –fever147 121, 126, 129, 162, 437 –distension102 –sepsis147 – penetrating injury 197, 248 –edema449 bacteremia 46, 384, 433, 439 – penetrating trauma 256 – injury 319, 353 bacterial – perforation 91, 159, 345 – laceration 354 – cystitis 437 – rupture 86, 218 –obstruction448 –infection446 – – computed tomography 254 – wall necrosis 472 bacteriuria 67, 136, 242, 383 ––postaugmentation 87 BPH, see benign prostatic hyperplasia – asymptomatic 383, 437 ––ultrasound 254 BPS, see behavioral pain scale Bacteroides 54 –suprapubicaspiration382 brachytherapy 164 – fragilis 393, 432 –syringe344 bradycardia 9, 10, 40, 101, 341 balanitis 310 – transitional cell carcinoma 519, Brugada syndrome 11 – xerotica obliterans (BXO) 91, 124 571 B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) 13 barium enema study 474 – trauma 86, 490 buccal mucosa 59 Barry cavernoso-dorsal vein shunt – – intravenous pyelogram 254 Buck’s fascia 52, 92 307 ––retrogradecystography 253 buried penis 90 Bartholin abscess 51 – traumatic rupture 247 burst abdomen 403 basophils 33 – tumor 127, 249, 335, 440, 556, 562 BXO, see balanitis xerotica obliterans BCG, see Bacille Calmette-Gu´erin –two-layerclosure242 BCG-osis 146, 148 bladder neck CAH, see congenital adrenal hyper- BCG-related fever 147 –(BNC)163 plasia Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome 79 –hypertrophy88 calcineurin inhibitor 455, 459 behavioral pain scale (BPS) 21, 22 – perforation 340 calcitonin 145 bell-clapper deformity 94, 133 – sphincter 292 calcium homeostasis 173 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) blast Camper’s fascia 52 118, 335, 439 – injury 186, 189, 193 cancer cachexia 176 beta-blocker 8–10 – wind 186 Candida 154 beta-hemolytic streptococci 54 bleeding – albicans 385 beta-human chorionic gonadotropin –afterTURP367 – glabrata 385 (B-HCG) 96, 135 – aspirin-related 373 candidiasis 81 beta-lactam 36 – behind tissue rise 337 candiduria 385 BGA, see arterial blood gas analysis – below blood clots 337 capillary embolization 498 B-HCG, see beta-human chorionic – diathesis 178 capsulotomy 453 gonadotropin – hemodynamically unstable patient carbachol test 103 bifid clitoris 84 476 carboprost tromethamine 155 bilateral –kidney198 cardiac – orchiectomy 150, 164 –postoperative365 –arrhythmia9 –renalmetastases536 bleomycin –death9 – upper urinary obstruction 105 –hydrolase165 Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial biphasic positive airway pressure – toxicity 165 (CAST) 10 (BiPAP) 13 blood cardiogenic shock 11 bisphosphonate 145 – at the meatus 282 cardiorespiratory arrest 18 bladder – at the vaginal introitus 282 cardiovascular – augmentation 434, 575 – culture 403 –shock36 – cancer 179, 472 –gassampling308 – system disorder 373 – catheter drainage 256 –loss Carter-Thompson fascial closure – continuous irrigation (CBI) 157, ––afternephrectomy 366 device 351 345 ––intraoperative 28 CAST, see Cardiac Arrhythmia Sup- –decompression163 – sample analysis 304 pression Trial – distension 101, 102 – transfusion 28, 365 catecholamine 14 – drainage 124, 127, 198, 199 bloodstream infection 384 catheter balloon placement 343 – dysfunction 103 blunt trauma 86, 91, 184, 197, 205, catheter-associated urinary tract infec- – explosion 346, 556 234, 235 tion (CAUTI) 379, 382 –exstrophy84 – management 214 –treatment385 – – complete primary repair (CPRE) – to the flaccid penis 261 catheter-related –extraperitoneallaceration570 – to the scrotum 262 –sepsis383 – extraperitoneal rupture 253 – to the vulva 262 –vasculartrauma20 – iatrogenic trauma 246, 248 BNC, see bladder neck contracture cauda equina syndrome 127, 149 ––cystoscopy 255 BNP, see B-type natriuretic peptide CAUTI, see catheter-associated urinary – – risk factors 252 Boari flap technique 199, 241, 331, tract infection – injury 128, 199, 243 483, 523 cavernosal blood gas sampling 308 – – classification 249, 250 bone metastases 144, 173 CBI, see continuous bladder irrigation – – during laparoscopic surgery 355 bone tack 318 ceftriaxone 137 ––treatment 255 BOO, see bladder outflow obstruction Cell Saver 477 Subject Index 651 cellulitis 397, 400, 432 continuous digital rectal examination (DRE) 120 central – bladder irrigation (CBI) 157 dihydrotestosterone (DHT) 74, 119 – pontine myelinolysis 342 – positive airway pressure (CPAP) 1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D 178 – venous catheter (CVC) 380 13, 376 dimenhydrinate 27 –venouspressure(CVP)13,19 contrast media 37 dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) 77, cephalosporin 41, 81, 433, 435 – immediate hypersensitivity 81 –firstgeneration409 reactions 38 dipstick test 4 – third generation 64, 68 – treatment of acute reactions 39 direct inline visual urethrotomy (DI- cerebrovascular event (CVE) 127 Cope-type loop 490, 493 VU) 125 chemical castration 164 coronary heart disease 12 disaster triage 193 chest corpora cavernosa 274, 500 displaced vaginal introitus 85 – pain 373 corporotomy 566 disseminated intravascular coagulation –X-ray6 corpus spongiosum 271 (DIC) 178, 371, 476 CHF, see congestive heart failure corticosteroid 150 diuresis Chlamydia trachomatis 95, 136, 137 Coud´e tip 122 – postobstructive 115, 162 chloramphenical 65 coud´e tip catheter 163 – renography 111 choriocarcinoma 179 coumadin 431 diverting colostomy 320 chronic Council catheter 488 DIVU, see direct inline visual urethro- – allograft nephropathy 462 CPAP, see continuous positive airway tomy –urinaryretention(CUR)118 pressure DMSA, see dimercaptosuccinic acid chylous ascites 410 CPRE, see complete primary repair of dobutamine 15, 19 CIC, see clean intermittent catheteriza- bladder exstrophy dopamine 15 tion cremasteric reflex 133 Doppler/duplex sonography 4 ciprofloxacin 153 cryogen 379 double-lumen colostomy 474 circumcision 90, 125, 270 cryptorchidism 133 doxycycline 137 cisterna chyli 410, 411 CT, see computed tomography DRE, see digital rectal examination Citrobacter 398 CUR, see chronic urinary retention droperidol 27 clean intermittent catheterization curved metal urethral sound 489 drug provocation test 36 (CIC) 87, 122 Cushing’s syndrome 174, 177 DUC, see disseminated intravascular clitoral hypertrophy 75 cutaneous ureterostomy 482 coagulation cloacal CVC, see central venous catheter DVT,seedeepvenousthrombosis –anomaly547 CVE, see cerebrovascular event dyspnea 13, 373 –exstropohy84 CVP, see central venous pressure dysuria 136 clot anuria 454 cyclophosphamide 155, 464 CMN, see congenital mesoblastic neph- cycloserine 147 EACA, see epsilon aminocaproic acid roma cyclosporine 459, 462 early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) CO2 insufflation 350 cystectomy 377 19 coagulopathy 158 – bleeding sources 370 early graft dysfunction 454 cocaine 522 cystic renal lesion 76 Ebbehoj procedure 305 cold knife technique 527 cystography 470 EBRT, see external beam radiotherapy collagenase 54 cystoprostatectomy 318, 319, 519 ecchymosis 289, 555 Colles’ fascia 52, 54, 93 cystoscopy 438 ectopic collision bleeding 337 cystostomy 125 –ACTHsyndrome177 colloid infusion 42 – tube 284 – ureterocele 88 colon cytokine 37 eczema 95 – iatrogenic injury 473 edema of the scrotal wall 140 – injury 204 Dacron graft 316 EGDT, see early goal-directed therapy – needle perforation 328 Dakin solution 58 EGF, see epidermal growth factor colonic conduit 398 damage control 194 electrocautery 360, 478 colostomy 56 –urologicaspects195 electrothermal trauma 355, 356 colposcopy 265 dartos fascia 52 elevated creatinine 107 colposuspension 129 deceleration injury 234 ELISA 43 communicating hydrocele 95 deep venous thrombosis (DVT) 410, embolic vascular occlusion 496 compartment syndrome 302, 521 420, 551 embolotherapy 500 complete primary repair of bladder dehydroepiandrosterone 74 emergency exstrophy (CPRE) 85 delayed bleeding 216, 476 – laparatomy 196 computed tomography (CT) Denonvilliers fascia 323 –setting2 –cystography6 Denys-Drash syndrome 79 emphysematous pyelonephritis 110, –helical5 dermatitis 95 114 –urography5 dermatomyositis 178–180 empyema 407 concomitant peritoneal drainage 345 desmopressin 30, 371, 372 end-loop stoma 322 congenital dexamethasone 27 endocarditis prophylaxis 434 – adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) 74 dextropropoxyphene endopyelotomy 204 – mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) 78 –pregnancy64 endotoxin 54 congestive heart failure (CHF) 391 DHT, see dihydrotestosterone end-to-end anastomosis 238, 239, continent diabetes mellitus 51 354, 460, 480, 527 – catheterizable reservoir 446 diaphram removal 326 – pyeloileal-colonic 242 – urinary diversion 444 diethylstilbestrol diphosphate 178 enema 440 652 Subject Index

enlarged hemiscrotum 94 fibroblast proliferation 156 gonadal enoxaparin 17 filgrastim 152 –dysgenesis74 enteral nutrition 407 flank pain 401 –stromaltumor96 Enterobacter 393, 436 FloSeal 315 Goretex mesh 482 Enterobacteraceae 136 fluconazole 385 gossypiboma 392 enterobacteria 65, 67 fluorescein 480 Grayhack cavernoso-saphenous vein Enterococcus 393, 398, 432 18-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG) shunt 307 – vancomycin-resistant 436 403 gross hematuria 106, 154, 252, 453 enterocystoplasty 87 fluoroquinolone 137, 147 guidelines 2 enteroenterostomy 472 fluoroscopic genitography 75 gunshot injury 189, 206, 282 enterostomy 321 fluorquinolone 65 gynecomastia 179 enterotomy 319, 479 flush 34 eosinophils 33 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis H2 antihistamine 40 epidermal growth factor (EGF) 119 (FSGS) 459 H2 receptor blocker 40 epididimo-orchitis 94 focused abdominal sonography for Hadera stoma 482 epididymitis 94, 125, 134, 136, 568 trauma (FAST) 254 Harmonic Scalpel 355 –afterTURP399 Foley catheter 88, 112, 122, 256, 273, Hartmann’s procedure 395 epididymoorchitis 126, 136, 140 283, 352, 454, 487, 490, 569, 576 Hasson cannula 351 epinephrine 10, 36 follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) hay fever 35 episiotomy 50 178 HBO, see hyperbaric oxygen epispadiac penis 84 fondaparinux 16 HBV, see hepatitis B virus epsilon aminocaproic acid (EACA) food allergy 35 hCG, see human chorionic gonado- 158, 256 formalin 158, 159 tropin erectile dysfunction 288, 301, 436 fosfomycin-trometamol 65 HCT, see hydrochlorothiazide erythema 34 fossa navicularis 489 Heidelberg sepsis pathway 19, 20 erythrocytosis 175 Fournier’s gangrene 50, 126, 139, 552, helical computed tomography 5 erythromycin 65 568, 578 hematemesis 391 Eschericha coli 54, 95, 393, 432 Fowler’s syndrome 129 hematobilia 391 estrogen therapy 178 fresh frozen plasma (FFP) 17, 371, hematocrit determination 208 ESWL, see extracorporeal shock-wave 477 hematoma 211, 360, 388, 470, 560 lithotripsy friable bladder mucosa 85 hematuria 86, 126, 203, 208, 234 ethambutol 147 FSGS, see focal segmental glomerulo- –microscopic253 ethanol 496 sclerosis hemicolectomy 536 –breathtest342 FSH, see follicle-stimulating hormone hemithorax 358 etidronate 145 fungal septicemia 154 hemodialysis 107 evidence-based medicine 2 fungus 81 hemoglobinemia 157 excretory urography (EXU) 108 FUO, see fever of unknown origin hemolytic uremic syndrome 459 explosion injury 189 furosemide 145, 342 hemorrhage 17, 366, 452, 495 explosive devices 185 – adrenal 75 external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) gallbladder injury 330 – cystitis 154, 464 149 gallium nitrate 146 –postoperative367 external genitalia gallium-67 scanning 402 hemostasis 535 –animalbites263 gangrene 534 Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) 96, – gunshot/stab injuries 262 gas embolus 350 141 – penetrating trauma 262 gastroduodenal ulceration 150 heparin 41, 431 – – urethrography 265 gastrografin 449 – unfractionated 16, 375, 415 extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy gastrostomy tube 449 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (ESWL) 66, 378, 438, 523 gauzespongemigration 392 (HIT) 41 extravaginal torsion 133 Gelfoam 323, 500 heparinoid 41 EXU, see excretory urography genitalia hepatitis –bluntinjury197 – B virus (HBV) 188, 261 facies abdominalis 377 –externalinjuries197 – C virus (HCV) 261 fascial dehiscence 405 –trauma260 hermaphroditism 74 FAST, see focused abdominal sonogra- – – management 264 HES, see hydroxy ethyl starch phy for trauma genitography 75 Hesselbach’s triangle 139 febrile neutropenia 152 genitourinary Hevea brasiliensis 42 Feitel’s artery 524 – injury 188, 260 HHM, see humoral hypercalcemia of female genitalia mutilation 263 – malignancy 142 malignancy fetal gentamicin 147, 438, 469 Higgins operation 524 –hydrops78 germ cell cancer/tumor 135, 161, 166, high power field (HPF) 83 –malformation63 179 histamine 33, 37 –pulmonaryhypertension64 Gerota’s fascia 202, 214, 560 – release test 38 – thrombocytopenia 65 Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia 372 history taking 3 fever of unknown origin (FUO) 402, Glasgow Coma Score 466 HIT, see heparin-induced thrombocy- 559 glomerulonephritis 459 topenia FFP, see fresh frozen plasma glycine 341 HIV, see human immunodeficiency fibrin 419 glycopeptide 386 virus fibrinogen 419 Goldblatt kidney 216 holiday heart 11 Subject Index 653 holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet – renal artery perforation 505 – priapism 302, 521 laser lithotripsy 115 –trauma235 ischiorectal abscess 56, 534 horseshoe kidney 104, 208, 530 ICD, see implantable cardioverter isoniazid 147 HPF,seehighpowerfield defibrillator iso-osmolar urine 115 hPL, see human placental lactogen idraparinux 16 isotonic saline 145 HSP, see Henoch-Schönlein purpura IDSA, see Infectious Diseases Society IUS, see internal ureteral stent human of America IVP, see intravenous pyelography – chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 175, IDT, see intradermal test IVU, see intravenous urography 178 ifosfamide 155 –fibrinogen368 IgE antibodies 33 Jehovah’s Witnesses 83 – immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 51, IL, see interleukin – perioperative management 27 188, 261 ileal conduit 398 juxtaglomerular cell tumor 174 – placental lactogen (hPL) 178 ileocecal sigmoidostomy 444 –thrombin368 ileostomy 322 Kaposi’s sarcoma 51 humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy ileum neobladder construction 377 Kelly clamp 377 (HHM) 144 ileus 394 Kent fiber 10 hyaluronidase 54 iliac ketoconazole 150 hydrocele 139 –artery 316 ketorolac 107 –ininfants139 – vessel 316 kidney – physiologic 139 immediate definitive therapy 114 –abdominaltrauma82 hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) 14 impaired wound healing 382 – abscess 383, 386 hydrodynamic catheter thrombecto- impedance plethysmography 415 – allograft 112, 452 my 502 implantable cardioverter defibrillator –anatomy201 hydrometrocolpos 88, 547 (ICD) 12 – arteriography 203 hydronephrosis 6, 90, 110, 113, 122, impotence 286, 288 – autotransplantation 243, 532 160, 208, 236, 386, 420, 494, 510, 530 inappropriate antidiuretic hormone –biopsy460 –pregnancy65 secretion (IADHS) 176 – colic 104, 106 hydroureter 6 incontinence 288 –cysticlesion76 hydroxy ethyl starch (HES) 17 infected hip arthrosis 436 – fluoroscopic percutaneous needle 17-hydroxyprogesterone 75 infection placement 494 hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) 58, 155, – catheter-related 380, 381 – foreign bodies 217 156, 159 – intraabdominal 393, 468 –gunshotinjuries216 hypercalcemia 144, 173, 177, 179 –polymicrobial51,53 –hematoma204 hypercalciuria 61 Infectious Diseases Society of America –live-donortransplantation451 –pregnancy66 (IDSA) 152 – nuclear scans 216 hyperglycemia 56 infective endocarditis 389 –parenchyma109 – renal cell carcinoma 174 inferior vena cava 477, 577 – penetrating injury 206, 217 hyperglycinemia 342 –filter375 – perforation 202 hyperkalemia 107, 108, 120 infrarenal vena cava 318 – rupture 218 hyperoxemia 13 inguinal – spontaneous rupture 69 hyperparathyroidism 144 – adenopathy 94 – transcatheter embolization 497 hyperreflexia 550 – hernia 96, 139 – transplantation 202, 463 hypersensitivity 32 inguinoscrotal mass 96 –trauma205 – immediate reactions to contrast INH 148 – tumors 126 media 38 insulin therapy 174 Klebsiella 398 –typeIV148 intensivecareunit 21 Klingsor syndrome 271 hypertension in renal cell carcinoma 174 interleukin (IL) 45 Kocher maneuver 319, 355 hyperthermia 379 – IL-1 46, 468 Kupffer cell proliferation 175 hyperthyroidism 5 –IL-8468 hyperuricosuria 112 internal ureteral stent (IUS) 161, laboratory testing 4 hyperviscosity syndrome 303 162 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 135 hypokalemia 174 intersexuality 70 laminectomy 151 hyponatremia 330, 338, 340 intraabdominal Langer line 539 hypoosmolarity 330 – abscess 470 laparoscopic surgery hypophosphatemia 177 – infection 393, 468 – access-related injuries 349 hypospadia 90, 547, 549 –pressure(IAP)481 – bladder injuries 355 – repair 548 intractable bladder hemorrhage 154, – bowel injury 353, 360, 475 hypotension 30 157 – complications 349 hypothermia 3, 28, 30 intradermal test (IDT) 36, 38 –electrocautery-inducedthermal hypovolemic shock 17, 74, 143 intraoperative trauma 235 damage 354 hypoxemia 342, 394 intravaginal torsion 133 – gallbladder injury 356 hysterectomy 51, 70 intravenous – hepatic injuries 356 – pyelography (IVP) 5, 210, 539 – liver injury 356 IADHS, see inappropriate antidiuretic – urography (IVU) 63, 234 –pancreaticinjury 357 hormone secretion intravesical prostaglandin 155 –sepsis475 IAP, see intraabdominal pressure irrigation fluid absorption 330 – splenic injuries 357 iatrogenic ischemic – stapler-related complications 358 – injury 183, 202 –bowelnecrosis242 – trocar injury 397 654 Subject Index

–ureteralinjury 352 mannitol 341, 342 National Nosocomial Infection Surveil- – vascular complications 355 MAP, see mean arterial pressure lance System (NNIS) 432 –vascularinjuries MASCC, see Multinational Association N-butyl cyanoacrylate 496 – – management 348 of Supportive Care in Cancer necrosis 301 – – prevention 349 mass casualty 192, 196 necrotic infected tissue Laplace’s law 447 massive transfusion (MT) 371 – debridement 395 laser ureterolithotripsy 520 mast cells 33 necrotizing late graft dysfunction 460 McConnell’s sign 374 –cellulitis397 latex hypersensitivity 35, 42 MCDK, see multicystic dysplastic kid- – fasciitis 54, 126, 139, 265, 397, 405 LDH, see lactate dehydrogenase ney – soft tissue infection 581 lecithinase 54 MCT, see medium chain triglyceride negative pressure wound therapy 388 leukemia 304 mean arterial pressure (MAP) 19 Neisseria gonorrhoeae 136, 137 leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte con- meatus neobladder 398, 571 centrate 17 – phimosis 124 neoglucogenesis 174 leukocytosis 55, 175, 397, 559 –stenosis124 neonatal torsion 93 leukotest 67 medium chain triglyceride (MCT) neoplasm 301 levofloxacin 438 413 neostigmine methylsulphate 449 levosimendan 15 megacystis/megaureter syndrome neoureter 242 LHRH, see luteinizing hormone-releas- 110 nephrectomy 144, 146, 199, 217, 243, ing hormone meperidine 107 357, 358 lichen sclerosis et atrophicus 91 mesna 155 – nephron-sparing 366 Lich-Gregoir 453 metabolic acidosis 47, 158 nephrolithotomy 439 lidocaine 102 metachronous bilateral torsion 94 nephroscopy 439 Ligasure 355 metastatic nephrostomy 510 lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 45 – adenopathy 135 – percutaneous drainage 237 lithiasis 530 – squamous cell carcinoma 180 – tube 113, 241, 330 lithotripsy 5 methamphetamine 522 nesiritide 14 liver injury 330 methotrexate 70 neuroblastoma 78 LMWH, see low-molecular-weight hep- methylprednisolone 38 neurofibromatosis 79 arin meticulous hemostasis 336 neutropenia 151 LOCM, see low-osmolar contrast media metoclopramid 27 – febrile 152 loop metronidazole 469 neutrophilia 55 – colostomy 322 microangiopathic hemolytic anemia neutrophils 33, 46 –endileostomy478 syndrome 178 nifedipine 102 – of Henle 145 microfibrillar collagen 314 nipple stenosis 446 loopography 470 microhematuria 253 nitrate 14, 102, 103 lower urinary tract symptoms microscopy 4 nitrite test strip 67 (LUTS) 118, 121, 126, 127, 335 Mikulicz tampon 537 nitrofurantoin 65, 81 low-molecular-weight heparin mitoxantrone 178 NNIS, see National Nosocomial Infec- (LMWH) 410 – chemoperfusion 499 tion Surveillance System low-osmolar contrast media (LOCM) MMF, see mycophenolate mofetil nocturnal enuresis 553 37 MND, see motor neuron disease nonischemic priapism 302, 308 lumbar vein 318 MOF, see multiorgan failure nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Lundiana pouch 550 morphine 13 (NSAID) 41, 62, 107 luteinizing hormone-releasing hor- –pregnancy64 nonsustained ventricular tachycardia mone (LHRH) 150 motor neuron disease (MND) 127 (NSVT) 11 –antagonist164 MRI, see magnetic resonance imaging norepinephrine 15, 119 LUTS, see lower urinary tract symp- MS,seemultiplesclerosis normothermia 371, 431 toms multicystic dysplastic kidney nosocomial pneumonia 379, 410 lymph node 400 (MCDK) 76 –treatment385 – dissection 419 Multinational Association of Support- NSAID, see nonsteroidal anti-inflam- lymph production 418 iveCareinCancer(MASCC) 153 matory drug lymphadenectomy 314, 420 multiorgan failure (MOF) 393, 468 NSVT, see nonsustained ventricular lymphadenitis 400 multiple organ dysfunction syndrome tachycardia lymphadenopathy 400 (MODS) 46 NuKnit 315, 323 lymphangitis 397 multiple sclerosis (MS) 127 lymphatic vessel 411 multisystem atrophy 127 obstructing stone 105 lymph-draining system 416 multitrauma injury 193, 194, 198 –inpregnancy114 lymphocele 416, 419, 461 myasthenia gravis 176 obstructive lymphoma 161 mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 463 –anuria111 lymphorrhea 412, 420 mycotic aneurysm 391 –uropathy160 Myobacterium tuberculosis 54 oligohydramnios 88 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 6 myocardial oliguria 341, 455, 457 –urography6 –infarction8,9 omentopexy 421 Malecot catheter 490 –ischemia8 omentoplasty 421 Malgaigne’s fracture 278 myonecrosis 59 omeprazole 410 malignant prostatic disease 123 myopathy 176 onyx 496 management algorithm 3 myositis 59 open Subject Index 655

– abdomen 399 PDS, see polydiaxanone perirenal – salvage surgery 462 pediatric – fibrosis 523 – surgical procedure 309 – torsion 94 –hematoma216 opioid 41 –trauma248 – pseudotumor 217 opspmyoclonus 78 –urologicemergencies73 peritoneovenous shunt 414 optical urthrotomy 292 PEG, see percutaneous endoscopic peritonitis 256, 393, 395, 448, 468 orchalgia 135 gastrostomy periureteric fibrosis 461 orchidectomy 96 pelviectasis 76 periurethral abscess 140 orchidopexy 94, 134 pelvis Pezzer catheter 490 orchiectomy 135, 140, 166, 266, 267, – fracture 86, 247, 251, 276, 528, 552 PGA, see polyglycolic acid 572 ––stable 277 phagocytosis 46 – bilateral 150 ––unstable 277 phentolamine 302 organomegaly 351 ––verticalshearfracture 277 phenylephrine 304 Orthopaedic Trauma Association –hematoma290 pheochromocytoma 218 (OTA) 252 – straddle fracture 277, 278 phimosis 90 orthotopic bladder substitute 446, penetrating phosphodiesterase inhibitor 14 447 – injury 195 photoselective vaporization of the osteoblast 144 – renal trauma 217 prostate (PVP) 164 osteoclast 144 –trauma247 physical examination 3 osteomalacia 177, 445 ––tothetorso 209 PiCCO osteoporosis 445 – – to the ureter 235 –DecisionTree25 OTA, see Orthopaedic Trauma Associa- penicillin 41 – system 23, 24 tion penis piperacillin 469 overflow incontinence 119 – amputation 270 piperacillin-tazobactam 153 oxazaphosporine alkylating agent 155 –anatomy271 placenta percreta 70 oxidized regenerative cellulose 314 – blunt trauma 261, 264 placental alkaline phosphatase (PAP) oxygen ––treatment 265 178 –delivery 28 – cancer 180 plain abdominal film 5 –saturation13 – fibrosis 301 plasma ––curve 28 – fracture 264, 265, 564 – B-type natriuretic peptide 13 oxygen-free radicals 54 – infected prostheses 435 –Ddimer374 – irreversible ischemia 301 –histamine34 PAF, see platelet-activating factor – penetrating trauma platelet Page kidney 523 ––treatment 266 – concentration 371 pain control 107 – replantation 271, 272 – inhibitor 372 Palomo repair 138 – ultrasonography 264, 308 platelet-activating factor (PAF) 45 pampiniform plexus vein 138 Penrose drain 321 pleura pancreas percutaneous – effusion 375 – fistula 357 – coronary intervention (PCI) 373 – injury 330 – injury 217, 324 – cystostomy 490 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia 150, pancreatitis 324, 357 – drainage 395, 461 152 pancytopenia 175 – endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) 408 pneumonia 382, 407 PAP, see placental alkaline phosphatase – needle aspiration 462 pneumoperitoneum 349, 350, 475 papaverine 302 – nephrectomy 453 pneumothorax 358 paracetamol acetaminophen in preg- – nephrolithotomy (PCNL) 67, 203, Politano-Leadbetter 453 nancy 64 561 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) paraneoplastic syndrome 172 ––bleeding 330 129 paraphimosis 90 ––complications 327 polydiaxanone (PDS) 273, 306, 405 paraplegia 149, 151, 280, 574 – – gallbladder injury 330 polyglycolic acid (PGA) 273 parastomal herniation 478, 479 ––infection 327 polyhydramnios 78 paratesticular emergency 136 ––liverinjury 330 polymicrobial infection 51, 53 parathormone 61 ––pleurainjury 330 polymyositis 176, 179 parathyroid hormone (PTH) 144, 173 – – renal damage 331 polyneuropathy 176 parathyroid hormone-related protein ––residualstones 330 polypropylene mash 479 (PTHrP) 144, 173 ––sepsis 327 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 479 Parkinson’s disease 127 ––spleeninjury 330 polytrauma 6, 282 paroxysmal supraventricular tachy- – nephrostomy (PCN) 113, 161, 203, POMC, see proopiomelanocortin arrhythmia (PSVT) 10 461, 493, 495, 509 PONV, see postoperative nausea and partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ––pregnancy 66 vomiting 371 – superselective embolization (PSE) port-site hernia 351 Pasturella multicida 263 367 postcystoscopy bacteriuria 438 patch test 38 – transluminal angioplasty 502 postembolization syndrome 498 PCI, see percutaneous coronary inter- perinatal torsion 93 posterior urethral valve (PUV) 76, 87, vention perinephric abscess 216, 383 88, 90 PCN, see percutaneous nephrostomy perineum, penetrating injuries 279 postinfarction thrombus 501 PCNL, see percutaneous nephrolitho- perioperative arrhythmia 10 postobstructive diuresis 115, 162 tomy peripheral vascular disease 394 postoperative PCOS, see polycystic ovary syndrome perirectal abscess 140 – bleeding 364, 365 656 Subject Index

–fever374 pseudoaneurysm 203, 204, 217, 360 renal – – of unknown origin 395 pseudocapsule 309 – abscess 508 – nausea and vomiting (PONV) 25, pseudoephedrine 304 – allograft 112, 452 400 pseudohemostasis 337 – – dysfunction 511 – paralytic ileus 444 pseudohermaphroditism 74 – – spontaneous rupture 453 – septic shock 388 Pseudomonas 136, 398 ––vascularthrombosis 456 – urinary retention 125 – aeruginosa 393, 432 – angiomyolipoma 497 potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser pseudotumoral syndrome 392 – arteriography 203 164 psoas hitch technique 199, 239, 240, –artery 201 Potter’s fascies 77 331, 523 ––angioplasty 503 pouch of Douglas 322, 323 PSVT, see paroxysmal supraventricular ––dissection 505 pouchitis 398 tachyarrhythmia ––ligation 202 prednisolone 38 psychosis 150 ––occlusion 205 pregnancy 61 PTFE, see polytetrafluoroethylene ––stenosis 460 –Dopplerultrasound62 PTH, see parathyroid hormone ––thrombosis 456 – physiological dilatation 62 PTHrP, see parathyroid hormone-relat- – bleeding 198, 204, 496 Prehn’s sign 94, 137 ed protein – cell carcinoma (RCC) 80, 142, 172, prenodal collecting vessel 416 pubic diastasis 84 560 preoperative imaging study 313 pudendal nerve block 50 – – hyperglycemia 174 prerenal azotemia 455 pulmonary ––hypertension 174 priapism 96, 301, 499, 521 – embolism 15, 165, 373 – colic 104, 106 – in children 566 –metastases166 – fascia 201 – ischemic 302, 522 pulsatile perirenal hematoma 216 – foreign bodies 217 ––treatment 304 puncture injury 350 – graft, obstructive uropathy 203 –mechanical310 PUV, see posterior urethral valve –hematoma204 – nonischemic 302 PVP, see photoselective vaporization of –hemorrhage213 ––treatment 308 the prostate –injury – recurrent 309 pyelocaliectasis 110 ––polytrauma 217 –stuttering309 pyelography 160, 356 ––scalingsystem 206 –treatment310 pyelonephritis 67, 81, 107, 398, 530, ––ultrasound 210 primary blast injury 186, 194 550 – laceration 205, 211 progesterone 66 – emphysematous 110, 114 –lithiasis573 Prolene 314 – pregnancy 67, 68 – magnesium 145 proopiomelanocortin (POMC) 174 pyeloplasty 76, 239 – parenchyma 79, 109, 439 propofol 27 pyelostomy 510 –pelvis prostaglandin 158 pyelovesicostomy 243 ––perforation 330 prostate pyocystitis 551 ––stones 519 – adenocarcinoma 319 pyoderma gangrenosum 580 – perforation 202 – cancer 123, 144, 148, 160, 163, 176 pyonephrosis 81, 509 –scintigraphy213 – capsule perforation 338 pyrogen 379 – transplantation 202 – high-riding 283 pyuria 437 – – accelerated rejection 456 – inflammation 121 ––acutecellularrejection 456 – malignant disease 123 QT interval 12 – – hyperacute rejection 456 – needle biopsy 440 Quackels cavernoso-spongiosal ––iatrogenicvascularinjuries 203 – photoselective vaporization 164 shunt 306 ––livedonor 451 – transurethral resection (TURP) Quinolone 65 – trauma 82, 198, 205 122 ––angiography 212 – TRUS-guided biopsy 399 rabies infection 263 – – computed tomography 211 prostatectomy 165, 318, 319 radiation cystitis 155, 498 – – high-field strength MRI 212 – bleeding sources 370 radical retropubic prostatectomy 318 – – initial assessment 207 prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 121, 148 rami fracture 277 – tumor 126 – testing 123 ranitidine 408 –vascularinjury 205 prostate-symphysis fistula 340 RASS, see Richmond Agitation- – vein 202 prostatic fossa 343 Sedation Scale – – thrombosis 80, 208, 453, 512 prostatism 121 RAST 43 renin secretion 174 prostatitis 126 RBC, see red blood cell renin-mediated hypertension 216 prostatorectal fistula 340 RCC, see renal cell carcinoma renomegaly 78 protamine sulfate 371 RCRI, see Revised Cardiac Risk Index renorrhaphy 184, 215 proteinuria 459, 497 recombinant activated factor VII renovascular injury 215 Proteus 54, 436 (rFVII) 372 reperfusion syndrome 482 – mirabilis 398 rectal bladder 444 resectoscope 345 prothrombin time 55, 371 rectum, iatrogenic injury 473 resistivity index 62 provocation test 43 red blood cell (RBC) 83 retrograde prune belly syndrome 110 red cell transfusion 365 –cystography576 pruritus 34, 37 red man syndrome 41 –drainage113 PSA, see prostate-specific antigen reflex bradycardia 340 – ureteropyelography 493 PSE, see percutaneous superselective relaparotomy 466 ––pregnancy 63 embolization – on demand (ROD) 468 – urethrography 128, 234, 569 Subject Index 657 retroperitoneal sodium 342 supraventricular tachyarrhythmia 10 – abscess 383 – nitroprusside 14, 103 surgical site infection 381, 383, 404, –hematoma210 – pentosan polysulphate 158 430 – lymph node dissection (RPLND) –tetradecylsulfate(STDS)139 –imaging432 316, 353 – 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate 155 –NNISguidelines433 – lymphadenectomy 367 soft blue kidney 456 – wound management 388 Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) 8 soft-tissue Surgicel 315, 323 rheumatic mitral stenosis 501 – crepitus 397 sustained ventricular tachycardia 11 Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale –infection397 SWL, see shock wave lithotripsy (RASS) 21, 22 solid organ injury 323 symptomatic obstructive uropathy Ricochet effect bleeding 336 somatostatin therapy 413 121 rifampin 148 sonography 4 synthetic mesh 482 ritual circumcision 270, 535 spermatic cord systemic rituximab 456 – disruption 267 – inflammatory response syndrome Robinson catheter 321, 487 –swelling94 (SIRS) 18, 46, 468 RPLND, see retroperitoneal lymph spermatocele 137 – toxicity 397 node dissection spermatocelectomy 138 Rummel tourniquet 317 spermatozoa 264 tachyarrhythmia SPH, see spontaneous perinephric –supraventricular10 sargramostim 152 hemorrhage –ventricular11 Scarpa’s fascia 52 spina bifida 35, 87 tachycardia 476 SCI, see spinal cord injury spinal cord tachyphylaxis 146 sclerotherapy 420 – compression 127, 148 tachypnea 394 scoring system 466 – injury (SCI) 101, 103, 550 tacrolimus 459 scrotal wall edema 140 spinal shock 103 tazobactam 469 scrotectomy 57 spleen TCC, see transitional cell carcinoma scrotum – injury 323, 330 TEE, see transesophageal echocardiog- – blunt trauma 262, 266 – removal 323 raphy – cancer 141 splenomegaly 175 Teflon pledget 325 – emergencies 132 splenorrhaphy 323 temporary drainage 112 –erythema136 spontaneous – in pregnant females 112 –inspection134 – perinephric hemorrhage (SPH) 142 temporary vascular occlusion 214 – penetrating trauma – renal rupture 69 tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) 249 ––treatment 267 ––pregnancy 69 teratoma 96, 97 seatbelt injury 247 – retroperitoneal hemorrhage 218 terbutaline 304 self-mutilation 270 staged abdominal repair (STAR) 470 terrorism 185 Seprafilm 480 Staphylococcus terrorist-related gunshot and stab sepsis 19 – aureus 41, 153, 386, 432 wounds 187 –progression469 – – methacillin-resistant 436 TEST, see testicular epididymal sperm – syndrome 383, 439 ––toxinA 45 extraction septic shock 19, 437 – epidermidis 436 testicular septicemia 384 STAR, see staged abdominal repair –appendages,torsion135 seroma 388 Stauffer’s syndrome 175 –atrophy138 serotonin 27 STDS, see sodium tetradecylsulfate – cancer 165, 179 serum stoma 321, 395 – epididymal sperm extraction – hemoglobin 144 – acute postoperative necrosis 478 (TESE) 267 – hyperosmolarity 445 – stenosis 478, 479 –rupture –tryptase34 – stricture 479 ––treatment 266 SeSAM concept 21 stone disease 108–110 ––ultrasound 264 sexual ambiguity in the newborn 73 strabismus 26 – torsion 93, 134 sexually transmitted straddle fracture 277 ––sonography 4 –diseases263 straddle-type injury 263 – trauma 135, 262 – urethritis 136 straight metal urethral sound 489 –tumor96 shock classification 476 streptokinase 502 testis shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) 114 stress – blunt trauma 264 – completely obstructing stones 114 – gastritis 408 – torsion 133 Shy-Drager syndrome 127 – incontinence surgery 129 – tumor 135 sickel cell disease 301, 303, 304, 310 – urinary incontinence 249 testosterone 74, 150, 303 sigmoid Hemi-Kock operation 444 stromal testis tumor 135 – levels 149 sildenafil 522 stump appendicitis 392 – production 135 sinus rhythm 11 sucralfate 408 tetanus toxoid 262 SIRS, see systemic inflammatory sufentanil 125 tetrachlorodecaoxygen 156 response syndrome suicide bombing 186 tetracycline 65, 137 skin sulbactam 469 TFPI, see tissue factor pathway inhibi- –infection397 superior mesenteric artery 316 tor –necrosis55 suprapubic thermal injury 475 – prick test 34, 36, 40, 43 – catheter 490 thiazide diuretics 65 –test38,41 –trocarresection340 thoracentesis 375 658 Subject Index

thoracic duct 411 – electrosurgery 346 ––withstentplacement 492 thrombectomy 501 –hemostasis344 – injury 199, 233, 237, 243 thrombocytes 33 – prostatectomy 373 – – laparoscopic surgery 236 thrombocytopenia 41, 178, 405 –resection – – management 237 – heparin-induced 415 ––ofbladdertumors(TURB) 335 – internal stent 492 thrombocytosis 175 – – of the prostate (TURP) 122, 124, – intestinal replacement 242 thromboembolism 15, 16 163, 335, 439 – intussusception 331 thrombolysis 505 – surgery 378 –jets62 thrombophilia 15 trauma –lithiasis520 thrombophlebitis 386 – management algorithm 196 – obstruction 159, 460 thromboplastin time 55 –ofthelowerurinarytract127 – perforation 332 thromboprophylaxis 165 –surgery 3 –reconstruction238 Tisseel 315 trigone perforation 339 –stents65 tissue tri-iodinated benzene derivate 37 – stiff closed-tip catheter 491 – factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) trimethoprim 76 – stones 237, 463 419 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 65, – stricture 332 – glue 499 81 ––repair 243 – hypoxia 366 trocarless rotational access cannula –trauma233 –ischemia302 (TRAC) 351 – unilateral obstruction 104 –oxygenation28 troponin T 373 – vascularity 239 – plasminogen activator (tPA) 502, Trousseau syndrome 16 ureterectasis 110 505 TruCut biopsy needle 305 ureteric fistula 458 TIVA, see total intravenous anesthesia TTE, see transthoracic echocardiogra- ureteroarterial fistuly 505 TNF, see tumor necrosis factor phy ureterocalicostomy 199, 239 topical hemostatic agent 476 tube thoracostomy 375, 376 ureterocele 88 torsades de points 12 tubular necrosis 453 ureterocutaneostomy 539 torsion tubulovasostomy 267 ureterocystostomy 199 – extravaginal 133 TUM, see total urogenital mobilization ureterohydronephrosis 519 – intravaginal 133 tumornecrosisfactor(TNF) 45,468 ureterointestinal stenosis 445 – metachronous bilateral 94 – alpha 46, 176 ureterolithiasis 438 –neonatal93 tunica ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) 82 –ofthetesticles133 – adventitia 412, 417 – injuries 239 – of the testicular appendages 135 – albuginea 261, 521, 555 ureterorenoscopy 5, 237 – pediatric 94 ––laceration 264 – bleeding 332 – perinatal 93 – intima 412, 417 – forgotten ureteric stent 333 – testicular 93, 134 – media 412, 417 – postoperative infections 331 –treatment134 – vaginalis 133, 139 –residualstones332 TOT, see transobturator tape TUR syndrome 25, 330, 338, 339, 345 – ureteric perforation 332 total – fluid influx 343 – ureteric stricture 332 – intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) 26, –prevention341 ureteroscopic stone fragmentation 27 – therapy 342 115 – parenteral nutrition (TPN) 407, TURB, see transurethral resection of ureteroscopy 438 413 bladder tumors –pregnancy66 – urogenital mobilization (TUM) 89 Turnbull loop method 321, 479 ureterosigmoidostomy 110, 445, 519 toxic-shock-syndrome toxin 1 45 TURP, see transurethral resection of –MainzpouchII448 tPA,seetissueplasminogenactivator the prostate ureteroureterocutaneostomy 482 TPN, see total parenteral nutrition TVT,seetension-freevaginaltape ureteroureterostomy 199, 238 T-pouch ileal neobladder 448 ureterovesical anastomosis 458 TRAC, see trocarless rotational access undertriage 196 urethelial carcinoma 110 cannula unfractionated heparin 16, 375 urethra 271 tranexamic acid 256, 372 unresolved sepsis 59 – balloon dilation catheter 489 transcatheter UPJ, see ureteropelvic junction – blind catheterization 486 – embolization 256, 496 upper urinary tract obstruction – blunt injuries 284 – lysis 501 – diuretic renography 111 – blunt trauma 279 transesophageal echocardiography – magnetic resonance imaging 111 – caruncle 130 (TEE) 11, 23 – radiographic evaluation 108 – catheter 486 transient colostomy 328 – temporizing therapy 112 ––tippunch 488 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) – ultrasonography 110 – catheterization 438 144, 146, 154 ureter – – with dilation of stricture 488 transobturator tape (TOT) 249 –anatomy233 – complete rupture 287 transplant renal artery stenosis 511 –avulsion331 – conical tip catheter 486 transthoracic echocardiography – catheterization 491 – curved (coud´e) tip catheter 487 (TTE) 11 – complete destruction 242 –delayedrepair transureteropyelostomy 239 –cone-tipcatheter492 ––restenosis 292 transureteroureterostomy 199, 239, –cystoscopy – disruption 286, 290 240, 472 – – with blind catheterization 491 – diverticulum 130, 541 transurethral ––withfluoroscopicallydirectedcath- –dogbite284 – catheter 445 eterization 492 – female 276 Subject Index 659

–flaccidhypotonic442 – – after prostatectomy 164 venography 415 – gunshot wound 280, 282, 284 ––postoperative 125 venous –hematoma282 –sepsis445 – bleeding 343 – hematuria 282 – sphincter 435 – injury 317 –iatrogenictrauma280 – stone disease 234 – oxygen saturation 13 – injuries 199 urinary tract – thromboembolism (VTE) 15, 414 – – in children 278 –calculi83 – ultrasonography 415 – – in women 278 – exploration 215 ventricular – – initial management 282 – infection (UTI) 80, 126, 242, 381, –fibrillation12 – – management 284 382, 385, 398 – tachyarrhythmia 11 – – radiographic examination 283 ––catheter-associated 438 –tachycardia(VT)11 – intercourse-related trauma 279 ––femalepatient 129 verapamil 11 – Johannson window 545 ––pregnancy 67 Veress needle 350 – male anatomy 276 ––withfever 445 vertebrectomy 151 –meatus483 urine vesicostomy 88 – obliteration 92 –analysis4 vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) 76, 90, – partial rupture 287 – culture 441 159 – penetrating injuries 280 – leakage 195, 554 VIP, see vasoactive intestinal peptide – posttraumatic fistula 286 urinoma 83, 210, 213, 256, 331, 420, Virchow’s node 400 –primaryrealignment287 509 virilizationinthefemalefetus 74 – prostatomembranous injuries 278 urogenital vital signs 3 –reanastomosis273 –sinusanomaly88 VMA, see vanillylmandelic acid – rupture 560 –trauma192 voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) – scars 124 urokinase 502, 505 238, 291 – stab wound 284 urolithiasis 5 von Hippel-Lindau syndrome 80 –strictures124 urologic voriconazole 385 – surgical management 286 –history 3 VT, see ventricular tachycardia –totalrupture522 –trauma184 VTE, see venous thromboembolism –trauma128 urometrocolpos 88 vulva – – urethroscopy 284 uroperitoneogram 554 –abscess51 urethrocystoscopy 129 urosepsis 45, 437, 509 – blunt trauma 262 urethroplasty 92, 284, 289, 553 –clinicalstages47 ––treatment 266 – delayed 290 –laboratoryfindings48 –hematoma265 urethrorrhagia 528 – therapeutic approach 48 – nonobstetric hematoma 262 urethrorrhaphy 529 urothelial tumor 126 – penetrating trauma urethrospongiosal repair 285 ––treatment 267 urethrovaginal fistula 92 urticaria 18, 37 vulvovaginoscopy 265 urethrovesical anastomosis 576 UTI, see urinary tract infection VUR, see vesicoureteral reflux urge incontinence 550 vaginal ultrasound 62 urinalysis 4, 108, 121, 136, 208 vancomycin 435 WAG R s y n d r o m e 7 9 urinary –hypersensitivity41 Wilms tumor 78, 80 –calculi105 vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) 78 Winter shunt 305 – diversion 449 varicocele 138 Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome 10 –drainage104 vascular wound – extravasation 217, 235 –clamp314 – dehiscence 480 – fistula 497 – injury 314 –infection430 – incontinence 290, 553 vasculogenetic erectile failure 286 – iso-osmolality 444 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) 78 yolk sac tumor 96 – leakage 239, 457, 461 vasospasm 359 Young-Dees-Leadbetter 541 –lithiasis523 vasovasostomy 267 – – pregnancy 67 VCUG, see voiding cystourethrogram zoledronate 145 – retention 87, 118 Velcro 482 – – after brachytherapy 164 vena cava injury 558