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Home , Aesculus indica, Artemisia maritima, Atropa acuminata, Iris crocea, List of wort plants

List of available with IIIM Branch, Srinagar

S. Common Family Chemical Part Uses No. Name constituents Used 1 Aralia cashmerica Devil's Araliaceae Oleanolic acid Root Bark & Root bark is opthalmic and purgative. walking- Chikusetsusaponin Fruits Tincture prepared from berries is used in the sting, Deglucose treatment of toothache and rheumatism. Hercules- Chikusetsusaponin Club Palmitic acid Beta-sitosterol Oleanolic acid 2 acuminata Indian Soalnaceae oleanane Roots Used in the treatment of :- Belladonna, triterpenes Parkinsonism Deadly 24-trihydroxyolean Encephalitis Night-shade beta-sitosterol Paralysis oleanolic acid 3 Althea officinalis L. Marshmallo Malvaceae starch , Flowers Demulcent, Expectorant, Diuretic. w mucilage & Roots Generally used in ailments of the lungs. pectin Treatment of peptic ulcer, enteritis, colitis ,varicose veins, ulcers, abscesses, and boils. phenolic acids It has been used to treat constipation as well as sucrose irritable bowel syndrome. asparagine 4 vestita Russian Compositae grandisol Whole The plant is anti-phlogistic and febrifuge. Wall. Warmwood cineol camphor 5 Artemisia maritima Sea 1,8-cineole flowering tops It is often made use of by country people for Wormwood chrysanthenone and young intermittent fever. (17.54%) 6 Artemisia annua L. Sweet Asteraceae Artemisinin Leaves and Parasite treatment, Wormwood camphor stems Malaria treatment, Cancer treatment. 7 Artemisia Green Asteraceae flavonoids Leaves and It is used medicinally as a tonic, stomachic, absinthium L. Ginger or phenolic acids flowering tops antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, grand sabinyl acetate febrifuge and anthelmintic. wormwood chrysanthenyl acetatemyroxides 8 Artemisia Silky Asteraceae estragole (methyl Leaves, It is highly cordial to head, heart & liver. dracunculus (Linn.) Wormwood chavicol) Roots are used to cure toothache. or Dragon's- ocimene Leaves are used in salad, pickle making, induce wort phellandrene appetite. cineol 9 Aconitum Atis root, Ranunculaceae Alkaloids Underground The dried root is analgesic, anti-inflammatory, heterophyllum Atis atisin Stem & Roots antipyretic, aphrodisiac, astringent, and tonic. It is used in the treatment of liver disorders, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, throat pain, anorexia, piles and coughs. 10 Angelica Holy Ghost, a-pinene root, leaves, The root stalks, leaves and fruit possess carminative, archangelica L. Wild Celery camphene seeds stimulant, diaphoretic, stomachic, tonic and b-pinene expectorant properties, sabinene Angelica is a good remedy for colds, coughs, myrcene pleurisy, wind, colic, rheumatism and diseases of the limonene urinary organs, diabetes. terpinolene copaene tridecanolide 11 Angelica glauca Choro Apiaceae α-phellandrene Roots Angelica is used for asthma, bronchitis, anaemia, trans-carveol coughs, indigestion, arthritis and colds. β-pinene Locally the roots are useful for cancer. thujene β-caryophyllene oxide β-caryophyllene γ-terpinene nerolidol β-bisabolene 12 Asparagus Shatavar Asparagaceae asparagusic acid Roots, shoots, The roots considered diuretic, laxative, induce officinalis L. (Liliaceae) anti-S-oxide seeds sweating, and are recommended for gout, dropsy, methyl ester and rheumatism. asparagusic acid oxide methyl hydroxyasparenyn asparenyol 13 indica Indian palmitic acid Seeds, Leaves & It is used in Traditional Indian Medicine, for the (Wall. ex Camb.) Horse- myristic acid Flowers treatment of some skin disease, rheumatism, as an Hook.f.) chestnut stearic acid astringent, acrid and narcotic & in the relief of arachidic acid headaches. oleic acid 14 Achillea Yarrow, Asteraceae camphor Leaves and It is generally used as an anti-inflammatory or in millefolium L. Nose-bleed isoborneol Flowers chest rubs for colds and influenza. plant chamazulene It is believed that anti-allergenic compounds can be isoborneol extracted from the flowers by steam distillation. p-cymene Flowers used in this way are harvested in summer or autumn, and an infusion drunk for upper respiratory phlegm or used externally as a wash for eczema 15 Acorus calamus L. Sweet Flag Acoraceae 1 beta,7 alpha(H)- Dried Calamus essential oil is valued in the perfume cadinane-4 alpha industry. It is used internally in the treatment of 6 alpha,10 alpha-triol digestive complaints, bronchitis, sinusitis etc. 1 alpha,5 beta-guaiane It is used both medicinally and as a stimulant. 6 beta-diol 16 Arctium lappa L. Greater Asteraceae lignan Roots, Herb and Dried burdock to be used as a diuretic, diaphoretic, Burdock daucosterol Seeds and a blood purifying agent. arctigenin Various parts are used to prevent baldness and to arctiin treat rheumatoid arthritis, skin infections, acne, boils, mataresinol bites, eczema, herpes, impetigo, rashes, ringworm, lappaol sore throat, sciatica etc. 17 Arisaema Araceae A. Intermedium Underground Used in the treatment of Piles. wallichianum wallichianum tuber Hook. f. 18 Berberis lycium Berberry Berberidaceae Alkaloids Fruit, roots bark Barberry's roots are used as remedy for swollen and Berberine sore eyes, broken bones, wounds, gonorrhea, Palmatine curative piles Leaves are given in jaundice.

19 Bergenia ciliate Paashaanbhe Saxifragaceae Bergenin Roots It is given to dissolve kidney stones and also as a d catechin diuretic. gallic acid 20 Crataegus Hawthorn Rosaceae Cynogenetic Berries, flowers The total complex of plant constituents is considered oxycantha L. Crategin,Amines and leaves. valuable as a remedy for those with circulatory and Tyramine,Rutin cardiac problems. Hyperoside Vitexin glycosides Orientin gylcosides Citric tartaric

21 Chrysanthemum Pyrethrum, Asteraceae Yejuhua lactone Leaves, Flowers, Extracts of Chrysanthemum plants (stem and cinerariifolium L. Insect Plant Asteglasine Stem flower) have been shown to have a wide variety of Sesquiterp potential medicinal properties, including anti-HIV- Amyrins 1, antibacterial and antimycotic. It acts as a natural Lupeol source of insecticide. Angeloylcumambrin Arteglasin Acacetin Flavanoids Linalool Thymol 22 Cydonia oblonga Quince, Rosaceae Citric acid Whole plant Fruits are astringent, expectorant, tonic and Mill. Amritphala Ascorbic acid cardiac. Malic acid, Seeds are used for diarrhoea and dysentery. Quinic acid The herb is used as coppresses or poultices for Shikimic acid injuries, inflammation of the joints, injuries of the Fumaric acids nipples and dashly or deeply cut fingers. Glutamic acid Quince is used as demulcent in digestive Aspartic acid disorders and diarrhea. 23 Cichorium Chicory, Compositae Carboxylic acid Roots, leaves Plant is considered tonic, elexiteric and intybus L. Ishkanagi (asteraceae) Inulinsucrose emmenagogue. Protein Locally it is used for fever and typhoid. Ash, 24 Dioscorea Yam Dioscoreaceae Diosgenine Roots The juice of the root tuber is taken in the evening deltoidea Wall. in the treatment of roundworm. Ex Griseb. It is also used to alleviate constipation. The roots contain diosgenin. These are used as contraceptives and in the treatment of various disorders of the genitary organs as well as in a host of other diseases such as asthma and arthritis. 25 Dracocephalum Nodding Sabinene, germacene Flowers and Fever nutans L. Dragonhead Pinocamphone Seeds Stomach Diseases terpenes, pinene Liver diseases 26 Dactylorhuza Himalayan Tubers The tuber yields salap and is reputed as hatagirea Marsh Orchid expectorant, aphrobisiac and as nervine tonic. syn orchis Locally it is used as a nervine tonic and latofolia aphrodisiac. 27 Digitalis lanata Woolly Plantaginaceae Digoxin Leaves Digitalis lanata contains a powerful cardiac Foxglove stimulant that may be used by patients with heart conditions. It is used to treat some heart conditions such as congestive heart failure. It has a tonic effect on heart disease enabling the heart to beat more slowly, powerfully, and regularly without requiring more oxygen. 28 Delphinium roylei Larkspur Ranunculaceae delphinine Whole plant In small amounts, extracts of the plant have been extract used in herbal medicine. A tincture is used against asthma and dropsy.

29 Bupleurum Chinese Apiaceae Tripenoid Root anti-inflammatory falcatum Thoroughwax saikosaponin a antitussive & Sickle- saikosaponin b4 promotes digestion hare's ear saikosaponin c diaphoretic Polysaccharides [hepatoprotecive Bupleurans 30 Echinacea Purple Asteraceae phenols Flowers Echinacea is popularly believed to be an purpurea (L.) coneflower cichoric acid immunostimulator. Moench. caftaric acid It is also used as an ornamental plant. 31 Ephedra Ephedra, Gnetaceae Ephedrine Whole plant The tincture is cardiac and circulatory stimulant. gerardiana Wall . Soom Nor-ephedrine Liquid extract is used for controlling asthmatic ex Stapf n-Methyl ephedrine attack. Locally it is used to relieve asthama and rheumatism. 32 Ferula Heeng Apiaceae resin Aerial parts The resin of this medicinal plant is used to treat jaeschkeana L. endogeneous gum tumors, chronic wounds and ulcers in people and volatile oil animals. ash asaresinotannols ferulic acid umbelliferone 33 Glycyrrhiza Shalako, Papilionaceae Glycyrrhizin Roots Glycyrrhiza roots are7used as tonic expectorant, glabra (Linn.) Mulathi (Leguminosae) glycyrrhetinic acid diuretic, emmenagogue and weak laxative. flavonoids The action of liquorice is demulcent, moderately asparagines pectoral and emollient. iso-flavonoids It is a popular and well known remedy for cough, chalcones. consumption and chest complaints 34 Gingko biloba Maidenhair Ginkgoaceae glycosides Leaves,seeds,root Ginkgo has been used for improving blood flow, Tree terpenoids and stem for improving memory/concentration due to certain brain problems (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, dementia), and for relief of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), eye problems, and dizziness. 35 Gentiana Rainier pleated Gentianaceae iridoid glycosides Root It is approved for medicinal use by 's gentian and amarogentin, FDA equivalent to stimulate the appetite and Mountain bog gentiopicroside, digestion. gentian. xanthones triterpenes. gentiacauloside. 36 Humulus lupulus Common hop Cannabaceae Lupulin, Flowers. Extracts of hop flowers have been used in treating myrcrene leprosy, pulmonary tuberculosis, and acute caryophylline bacterial dysentery. humulone A poultice of the leaf and fruit of the Hops plant lupulones has been used to remedy "cold" tumors. astragalin Hops is used in treating boils, bruises, stones in resin gallbladder, kidney and urinary tract, cystitis, debility, delirium, diarrhea, dyspepsia, fever, fits, hysteria, inflammation, jaundice, neuralgia, rheumatism, earache or toothache. 37 Hypericum Tipton's Weed, Hypericaceae Polyphenols Whole flowering St John's wort is widely known as a herbal perforatum Chase-devil, flavonoids plant treatment for depression or Klamath hyperoside, St. John's wort is being studied for effectiveness weed. isoquercetin, in the treatment of certain somatoform disorders quercitrin, pseudohypericin

38 Hyoscymus niger Bazarbang, fatty matter, Whole Plant Narcotic, antiseptic, sedative, anodyne, nerves, L. Hanbane gum, asthma, whooping cough, headache, and gout. starch, albuminous matter

39 Heracleum Hogweed APIACEAE Isophellodenol Whole Herb Anti- microbial candicans candinol candibirins trifuranocoumarins canditririns candinols 40 Inula racemosa Pushkarmoola, Asteraceae Sesquiterpene The rhizome is sweet, bitter and acrid in taste Inula lactones with a neutral potency and act as antiseptic, anti- alantolactone bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, isoalantolactone analgesic and mild diuretic. inunal It is used in the treatment of contagious fevers, isoalloalantolactoe heart disease and ischemic heart disease. essential oil It is also used in cough, hiccup, bronchial asthma, indigestion, flatulence and in fever. 41 crocea Iris hydroxyrotenoid Rhizome In water purification, Yellow Iris (I. pseudacorus) methoxyirispurinol is used. isoflavone The roots then improve water quality by glucoside consuming nutrient pollutants, such as from tectorigenin agricultural runoff. dimethoxyiso Used in Lymph sarcoma and some other cancers flavone alipinone 42 Japanese iris Iridaceae Xanthose glycds. Leaves,roots The root is alterative, anthelmintic, antidote, C-glycd. appetizer, depurative, diuretic, hepatic and apigenin vermifuge. phenolic acids It is used with other in the treatment of venereal affections, liver complaints and dropsy. 43 Hooker's Iris Iridaceae Rhizome .

44 Juniperus recurva Drooping Cupressaceae monoterpene The dried plant Juniper is used as a remedy for diuretic, anti- Juniper hydrocarbons called the thallus is microbial, carminative, anti-rheumatic, tonic, sesquiterpene generally used both antiseptic and abdomen complaints. hydrocarbons for its medicinal and It is also a speedy remedy for scurvy, sesquiterpenes commercial use. haemorrhoids and kills worms in children. Juniper Berries make an excellent antiseptic in conditions such as cystitis. It is also used in viral infection.

45 Juglans regia Walnut Juglandaceae The active principle of Nut, Leaves, Bark The bark and leaves have alterative, laxative, the whole Walnut tree, astringent and detergent properties, and are used as well as of the nuts, in the treatment of skin troubles. is Nucin or Juglon. The fruit, when young and unripe, makes a The kernels contain wholesome, anti-scorbutic pickle, the vinegar in oil, mucilage, albumin, which the green fruit has been pickled proving a mineral matter, capital gargle for sore and slightly ulcerated cellulose and water. throats. The leaves have a very strong, characteristic smell, aromatic and not unpleasant, but said to be injurious to sensitive people.

46 Levisticum Lovage Apiaceae Z-ligustilide, Leaves, Flowers Lovage tea can be applied to wounds as an officinale E-ligustilide, antiseptic, or drunk to stimulate digestion. Citronella The roots, which contain a heavy, volatile oil, are senkyunolide, used as a mild aquaretic. pentylbenzene, pentylcyclohexadie ne, ligustilide 47 Lavendula lavender Lamiaceae d-camphor Flowers Analgesic, Anti-Coagulant, Anti-Convulsive, angustifolia 1-8 cineol Anti-Depressant, Anti-Fungal, Antihistamine, d-borneol Anti-Infectious, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiseptic, alpha Pinene Anti-Spasmodic, Antitoxic, Cardiotonic, beta pinene Regenerative. Cariofilen d-camphene Azuleneol Lineol Geraniol

48 Mentha arvensis Japanese mint Lamiaceae Menthol Leaves, Whole herb Mint is used as a carminative and an expectorant. L. Menthone The plant is highly effective in treating menthyl acetate headaches, rhinitis, cough sore throat, colic, prurigo and vomiting. It serves as a good blood cleanser, since it is antiseptic and anti-bacterial. The decoction and infusion of its leaves and stems helps in fever, stomachaches, dysmenorrheal and diuresis. 49 Mentha piperata Peppermint Lamiaceae Menthol Leaves, Whole herb Excellent for the digestion, as a decongestant, L. menthone and for skin disorders. Use for colds, flu, menthafuron flatulence, headaches, indigestion, nausea, toothache and sunburn. 50 Melissa officinalis Lemon Balm Lamiaceae trans-ocimene Leaves, Aerial Positive results have been achieved in a small cis-ocimene Parts clinical trial involving Alzheimer patients with cis-3-hexenol mild to moderate symptoms. citronellal Its antibacterial properties have also been linalool demonstrated scientifically, although they are germacrene-D markedly weaker than those from a number of geranial other plants studied. geranyl acetate The extract of lemon balm was also found to have geraniol. exceptionally high antioxidant activity.

51 Matricaria Chamomilla Asteraceae terpene bisabolol Flowers German chamomile is used medicinally to treat recutita farnesene, sore stomach, irritable bowel syndrome. chamazulene, It is also used as a mild laxative and is anti- flavonoids , inflammatory and bactericidal. luteolin It is also used as a mouthwash against oral coumarin mucositis. 52 Nepeta cataria Catmint, Lamiaceae Nepetalactone Leaves, Flowers Leaves can also be chewed to reduce toothache. catnip Epinepetalactone Catnip tea has been has been found to have an caryophyllene effect camphor It has also been used to relieve intestinal cramps thymol and gas discomfort. carvacrol It has antibacterial (kills bacteria) properties and ulegone is a mild sedative that can reduce fever, nervous and muscular spasms, or convulsions. 53 Orchis latifolia Salep orchid, Orchidaceae Mucilage Tubers Astringent, Demulcent, Expectorant, Nutritive Salam herb sugar starch phosphates Chlorides of potassium and calcium.

54 Origanum Oregano Lamiaceae carvacrol Leaves, Flowering Oregano is high in antioxidant activity, due to a vulgare thymol stem high content of phenolic acids and flavonoids. limonene It also has shown antimicrobial activity against pinene strains of the food-borne pathogen. ocimene Also used in the treatment of sore throat. caryophyllene. 55 Ocimum sanctum Kali Tulsi Lamiaceae Eugenol Whole Plant, Antimicrobial L. carvacrol Leaves Antimalarial effects methyl chevicol Antiallergic and Immunomodulator effects cineol Antistress/Adaptogenic effects. linalool Antifertility Anti diabetic For Heart ailments 56 Polygonum Buckwheat Polygonaceae beta-sitosterol Rhizome Japanese knotweed extract is an antipyretic and amplexicaule angelicin analgesic. psoralen Resveratrol, a compound found in the plant palmitic acid extract, has antimicrobial, antioxidant and epicatechin antimutagenic properties. quercetin Moreover, an external application of the plant treats cuts, burns and abscesses 57 Picrorhiza Kurro,Kutki, picroside Root, rhizomes Root is bitter stomachic, carthartic, used in fever, kurroa Gentian Picrorhizin dyspepsia and in purgative preparations, in Royle ex kutkoside scorpion sting. Benth. kurrin It is also used as cooling cardiotonic anti pyretic kuthinol anti periodic in large doses. kutkiol In it is used as a house old remedy for kutkisterol jaundice, indigestion and common fever. kutkoside Locally it is much valued for horse diseases. cucurbitacin 58 Podophyllum Indian Berberidaceae podophyllin Rhizomes and roots Anti cancerous. hexandrum Royle Mayapple 59 Physochlaina Sholar,Bajar- Solanaceae tropane Leaves, often entire The leaves of the herb are narcotic and possess praealta bang,Nandru alkaloids plants mydriatic properties, causing dilation of the pupil hyoscyamine of the eye, like belladonna. potassium nitrate The leaves are applied to the boils. potassium chloride 60 Rheum emodi Jaro chuntal, Polygonaceae revandchinone-1 Rhizome, roots The roots are astringent, tonic and purgative .the Wall. ex Meissn. Gilgiti rhubarb revandchinone-2 tuber is pungent, bitter, diuretic, chronic anthraquinone bronchitis asthma, sore eyes and bruises. ether Locally roots are used to chronic constipation. revandchinone-3 The tuber is used in biliousness, sore eyes and oxanthrone ether fever. revandchinone-4 It is also used as blood purifier. 61 Rumex nepalensis Jangli Palak Polygnaceae Anthraquinone Leaves Leaf extract is applied to skin sores. L. Naphthalen Leaf infusion is given in colic and applied to Chrysophanol syphilitic ulcers. glucopyranoside nepodin 62 Rhus species Anacardiaceae Fruits The leaves are rich in tannin. They can be pyrogallol collected as they fall in the autumn and used as a brown dye or as a mordant. 63 Salvia officinalis Common Lamiaceae cineole Whole Herb, Stimulant, as tringent, tonic and carminative. L. Sage, Purple tannic acid Leaves The gargle is useful for bleeding gums and to Sage oleic acid prevent an excessive flow of saliva. ursonic acid cornsolic acid fumaric acid chlorogenic acid caffeic acid niacin nicotinamide

64 Salix caprea L. Goat Willow Salicaceae Delphidinin Inner Bark antiperiodic Cyanidin anthelmintic Pipcolic acid anti-inflammatory Fragilin analgesic Salicin antiseptic Salicartin tonic Salireproside Diandrin and Salicase enzyme.

65 Salvia sclarea L. Clarysage Lamiaceae Linalool Aerial parts of the Clary sage is calming to the nervous system, linalyl acetate plant particularly in cases of depression, stress, caryophyllene insomnia and deep seated tension. a-terpineol It is good for muscle pains, digestive disorders, geraniol kidney diseases and the cooling of inflammation neryl acetate of the skin. sclareol germacrene D

66 Swertia petiolata Mumiran Gentianaceae 1-glucosyloxy Roots Medicinally it is used for opthalmatic diseases. D. Don. dimethoxyxanthone Locally it is used for eye diseases. 1,8-dihydroxy Dry root is mixed with milk and poured in the dimethoxyxanthoe; eyes for relief of pain in the eyes. 1,3-dihydroxy-7 methoxyxanthone 1,7-dihydroxy-3- methoxyxanthone 67 Scutellaria Blue Skullcap, Lamiaceae Flavonoids Roots antitumor species Hoodwort, diterpenes hepatoprotective Virginian tannin antioxidant Skullcap, beta elemene anticonvulsant Mad-dog calamenene antibacterial Skullcap Antiviral activities.

68 Thymus vulgare Common Labiatae a-thujone, Herb Antiseptic LINN. Thyme a-pinene, Antispasmodic camphene, Tonic a-terpinene, Carminative. linalool, borneol, thymol carvacrol. 69 Taxus wallichiana Himalyan Yew Taxaceae abeo-baccatin Aerial parts of the The tree has medicinal use in Ayurveda and Zucc. buJanone plant Tibetan medicine. buJanol Taxus wallichiana is also a source of the anticancer drug, paclitaxel. 70 Tanacetum Tansy Asteraceae thujone, Aerial parts Anthelmintic vulgare LINN. isopinocamphone tonic camphor stimulant borneol anti-flatulent camphone artemisone piperitone

71 Taraxacum Dandelion Compositae thujone Leaves & Roots Its roots are used as a remedy for chronic officinale Weber. absinthol disorder of kidney, liver and gout, thujyl alcohol Also used for biliary problem that is jaundice, acetic acid hepatitis, dyspepsia, arthritis and chronic skin malic acids disease. absinthin The milky sap is applied to skin cancer. absinthic acid Locally it is used for the treatment of blood tannin pressure and diabetes and also used as salad. resin flavonoides starch nitrate of potash and other salts.

72 Urtica dioica Stinging- Urticaceae Terpenes Leaves It is used in haematuria, jaundice, fever, LINN. nettle, Bichu- Phenylpropane consumption, nephrites, eruptive skin diseases, buti Slignans gouts and kidney diseases. Ceramides Locally its young leaves are used as a vegetable. sterols oxalic acid linoleic acid 73 Valeriana Garden Valerianaceae Alkaloids: Roots and rhizomes Valerian has long been used for sleep disorders officinalis L. heliotrope, Isovaleramide (underground and anxiety, headaches, depression, irregular Garden Gamma- stems) heartbeat, and trembling. Valerian aminobutyric acid Isovaleric acid. Iridoids Sesquiterpenes Flavanones 74 Valeriana Gilgit valerian, Valerianaceae Maalioxide Rhizomes & Roots It is useful in hysteria, insomnia, habitual wallichii DC. Mushk bala 2-Acetyl-Pyrrole constipation, neurosis, cholera and in scorpion 8-Epikessanol sting and also used for perfumery. Pyrrolyl-Ketone Locally the dry roots are used to remove foul Caffeic-Acid odour of mouth caused by tooth trouble. Capronic-Acid Linolenic-Acid Valerenolic-Acid 75 Viola odorata L. Garden violet, Violaceae nonadienal Whole Plant, Leaves emetic, purgative, expectorant, Sweet violet, parmone Leaves , Roots and emollient, diaphoretic; used as dressing for Banafsaj hexyl alcohol Flowers burns. bezyl alcohol Roots are emetic and used as expectorant. ionone Flowers emetic, diaphoretic, febrifuge used in viola quercitin bilious problems, lung troubles, cough, kidney and liver diseases and also used to flavor breath fresheners.