Culture-Dependent Microbiome of the Ciona Intestinalis Tunic: Isolation, Bioactivity Profiling and Untargeted Metabolomics
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The Hydrocarbondegrading Marine Bacterium Cobetia Sp. Strain
bs_bs_banner The hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacterium Cobetia sp. strain MM1IDA2H-1 produces a biosurfactant that interferes with quorum sensing of fish pathogens by signal hijacking C. Ibacache-Quiroga,1 J. Ojeda,1 G. quorum sensing signals. Using biosensors for Espinoza-Vergara,1 P. Olivero,3 M. Cuellar2 and quorum sensing based on Chromobacterium viol- M. A. Dinamarca1* aceum and Vibrio anguillarum, we showed that when 1Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana and the purified biosurfactant was mixed with N-acyl 2Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos homoserine lactones produced by A. salmonicida, Naturales, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de quorum sensing was inhibited, although bacterial Valparaíso, Gran Bretaña 1093, 2360102, Valparaíso, growth was not affected. In addition, the transcrip- Chile. tional activities of A. salmonicida virulence genes 3Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de that are controlled by quorum sensing were Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Hontaneda 2653, repressed by both the purified biosurfactant and the 2341369, Valparaíso, Chile. growth in the presence of Cobetia sp. MM1IDA2H-1. We propose that the biosurfactant, or the lipid struc- tures interact with the N-acyl homoserine lactones, Summary inhibiting their function. This could be used as a strat- Biosurfactants are produced by hydrocarbon- egy to interfere with the quorum sensing systems of degrading marine bacteria in response to the pres- bacterial fish pathogens, which represents an attrac- ence of water-insoluble hydrocarbons. This is tive alternative to classical antimicrobial therapies in believed to facilitate the uptake of hydrocarbons fish aquaculture. by bacteria. However, these diffusible amphiphilic surface-active molecules are involved in several Introduction other biological functions such as microbial compe- tition and intra- or inter-species communication. -
Rhodoglobus Vestalii Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., a Novel Psychrophilic Organism Isolated from an Antarctic Dry Valley Lake
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2003), 53, 985–994 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.02415-0 Rhodoglobus vestalii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel psychrophilic organism isolated from an Antarctic Dry Valley lake Peter P. Sheridan,1 Jennifer Loveland-Curtze,2 Vanya I. Miteva2 and Jean E. Brenchley2 Correspondence 1Department of Biological Sciences, PO Box 8007, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Vanya I. Miteva ID 83209, USA [email protected] 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA A novel, psychrophilic, Gram-positive bacterium (designated strain LV3T) from a lake near the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, has been isolated and characterized. This organism formed red-pigmented colonies, had an optimal growth temperature of 18 ˚C and grew on a variety of media between ”2 and 21 ˚C. Scanning electron micrographs of strain LV3T that showed small rods with unusual bulbous protuberances during all phases of growth were of particular interest. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was approximately 62 mol%. The cell walls contained ornithine as the diamino acid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. Cells grown at ”2 ˚C contained significant amounts of anteiso-C15 : 1. The major menaquinones found in strain LV3T were MK-11 and MK-12. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain LV3T was a member of the family Microbacteriaceae and related to, but distinct from, organisms belonging to the genera Agreia, Leifsonia and Subtercola.In addition, alignments of 16S rRNA sequences showed that the sequence of strain LV3T contained a 13 bp insertion that was found in only a few related sequences. -
Phaeoseptaceae, Pleosporales) from China
Mycosphere 10(1): 757–775 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/17 Morphological and phylogenetic studies of Pleopunctum gen. nov. (Phaeoseptaceae, Pleosporales) from China Liu NG1,2,3,4,5, Hyde KD4,5, Bhat DJ6, Jumpathong J3 and Liu JK1*,2 1 School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P.R. China 2 Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, P.R. China 3 Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand 4 Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand 5 Mushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand 6 No. 128/1-J, Azad Housing Society, Curca, P.O., Goa Velha 403108, India Liu NG, Hyde KD, Bhat DJ, Jumpathong J, Liu JK 2019 – Morphological and phylogenetic studies of Pleopunctum gen. nov. (Phaeoseptaceae, Pleosporales) from China. Mycosphere 10(1), 757–775, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/17 Abstract A new hyphomycete genus, Pleopunctum, is introduced to accommodate two new species, P. ellipsoideum sp. nov. (type species) and P. pseudoellipsoideum sp. nov., collected from decaying wood in Guizhou Province, China. The genus is characterized by macronematous, mononematous conidiophores, monoblastic conidiogenous cells and muriform, oval to ellipsoidal conidia often with a hyaline, elliptical to globose basal cell. Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF1α sequence data of 55 taxa were carried out to infer their phylogenetic relationships. The new taxa formed a well-supported subclade in the family Phaeoseptaceae and basal to Lignosphaeria and Thyridaria macrostomoides. -
Eelgrass Sediment Microbiome As a Nitrous Oxide Sink in Brackish Lake Akkeshi, Japan
Microbes Environ. Vol. 34, No. 1, 13-22, 2019 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jsme2 doi:10.1264/jsme2.ME18103 Eelgrass Sediment Microbiome as a Nitrous Oxide Sink in Brackish Lake Akkeshi, Japan TATSUNORI NAKAGAWA1*, YUKI TSUCHIYA1, SHINGO UEDA1, MANABU FUKUI2, and REIJI TAKAHASHI1 1College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, 252–0880, Japan; and 2Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060–0819, Japan (Received July 16, 2018—Accepted October 22, 2018—Published online December 1, 2018) Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas; however, limited information is currently available on the microbiomes involved in its sink and source in seagrass meadow sediments. Using laboratory incubations, a quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of N2O reductase (nosZ) and ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) genes, and a metagenome analysis based on the nosZ gene, we investigated the abundance of N2O-reducing microorganisms and ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes as well as the community compositions of N2O-reducing microorganisms in in situ and cultivated sediments in the non-eelgrass and eelgrass zones of Lake Akkeshi, Japan. Laboratory incubations showed that N2O was reduced by eelgrass sediments and emitted by non-eelgrass sediments. qPCR analyses revealed that the abundance of nosZ gene clade II in both sediments before and after the incubation as higher in the eelgrass zone than in the non-eelgrass zone. In contrast, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaeal amoA genes increased after incubations in the non-eelgrass zone only. Metagenome analyses of nosZ genes revealed that the lineages Dechloromonas-Magnetospirillum-Thiocapsa and Bacteroidetes (Flavobacteriia) within nosZ gene clade II were the main populations in the N2O-reducing microbiome in the in situ sediments of eelgrass zones. -
Kaistella Soli Sp. Nov., Isolated from Oil-Contaminated Soil
A001 Kaistella soli sp. nov., Isolated from Oil-contaminated Soil Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary1, Ram Hari Dahal2, Dong-Uk Kim3, and Yongseok Hong1* 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, 2Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 3Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Sangji University A light yellow-colored, rod-shaped bacterial strain DKR-2T was isolated from oil-contaminated experimental soil. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, catalase and oxidase positive, and grew at temperature 10–35°C, at pH 6.0– 9.0, and at 0–1.5% (w/v) NaCl concentration. The phylogenetic analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggested that the strain DKR-2T was affiliated to the genus Kaistella, with the closest species being Kaistella haifensis H38T (97.6% sequence similarity). The chemotaxonomic profiles revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine as the principal polar lipids;iso-C15:0, antiso-C15:0, and summed feature 9 (iso-C17:1 9c and/or C16:0 10-methyl) as the main fatty acids; and menaquinone-6 as a major menaquinone. The DNA G + C content was 39.5%. In addition, the average nucleotide identity (ANIu) and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) relatedness values between strain DKR-2T and phylogenically closest members were below the threshold values for species delineation. The polyphasic taxonomic features illustrated in this study clearly implied that strain DKR-2T represents a novel species in the genus Kaistella, for which the name Kaistella soli sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain DKR-2T (= KACC 22070T = NBRC 114725T). [This study was supported by Creative Challenge Research Foundation Support Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF- 2020R1I1A1A01071920).] A002 Chitinibacter bivalviorum sp. -
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Cryptogamie, Mycologie, 2013, 34 (4): 303-319 © 2013 Adac. Tous droits réservés Phylogeny and morphology of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola sp. nov. and Pleosphaerulina oryzae and relationships with Pithomyces Rungtiwa PHOOKAMSAK a, b, c, Jian-Kui LIU a, b, Ekachai CHUKEATIROTE a, b, Eric H. C. McKENZIE d & Kevin D. HYDE a, b, c * a Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand b School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand c International Fungal Research & Development Centre, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China d Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Abstract – A Dothideomycete species, associated with leaf spots of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), was collected from Nakhonratchasima Province, Thailand. A single ascospore isolate was obtained and formed the asexual morph in culture. ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TEF1α gene regions were sequenced and analyzed with molecular data from related taxa. In a phylogenetic analysis the new isolate clustered with Leptosphaerulina americana, L. arachidicola, L. australis and L. trifolii (Didymellaceae) and the morphology was also comparable with Leptosphaerulina species. Leptosphaerulina saccharicola is introduced to accommodate this new collection which is morphologically and phylogenetically distinct from other species of Leptosphaerulina. A detailed description and illustration is provided for the new species, which is compared with similar taxa. The type specimen of Pleosphaerulina oryzae, is transferred to Leptosphaerulina. It is redescribed and is a distinct species from L. australis, with which it was formerly synonymized. Leptosphaerulina species have been linked to Pithomyces but the lack of phylogenetic support for this link is discussed. -
Proposal of Mycetocola Gen. Nov. in the Family Microbacteriaceae and Three New Species, Mycetocola Saprophilus Sp
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2001), 51, 937–944 Printed in Great Britain Proposal of Mycetocola gen. nov. in the family Microbacteriaceae and three new species, Mycetocola saprophilus sp. nov., Mycetocola tolaasinivorans sp. nov. and Mycetocola lacteus sp. nov., isolated from cultivated mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus 1 National Institute of Takanori Tsukamoto,1† Mariko Takeuchi,2 Osamu Shida,3 Hitoshi Murata4 Sericultural and 1 Entomological Sciences, and Akira Shirata Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba 305-8634, Japan Author for correspondence: Takanori Tsukamoto. Tel: 81 45 211 7153. Fax: 81 45 211 0611. 2 j j Institute for Fermentation, e-mail: taktak!air.linkclub.or.jp Osaka, 17-85, Juso- honmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan The taxonomic positions of 10 tolaasin-detoxifying bacteria, which were isolated from the cultivated mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, were investigated. 3 R&D Department, Higeta Shoyu Co. Ltd, Choshi, These strains are Gram-positive, obligately aerobic, non-sporulating and Chiba 288-8680, Japan irregular rod-shaped bacteria. They have the following characteristics: the 4 Forestry and Forest major menaquinone is MK-10, the DNA GMC content ranges from 64 to Products Research 65 mol%, the diamino acid in the cell wall is lysine and the muramic acid in Institute, PO Box 16, the peptidoglycan is an acetyl type. The major fatty acids are anteiso-C Tsukuba-Norin, 305-8687, 15:0 Japan and anteiso-C17:0. On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with DNA–DNA reassociation values and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison data, the new genus Mycetocola gen. -
Seed Interior Microbiome of Rice Genotypes Indigenous to Three
Raj et al. BMC Genomics (2019) 20:924 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6334-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Seed interior microbiome of rice genotypes indigenous to three agroecosystems of Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot Garima Raj1*, Mohammad Shadab1, Sujata Deka1, Manashi Das1, Jilmil Baruah1, Rupjyoti Bharali2 and Narayan C. Talukdar1* Abstract Background: Seeds of plants are a confirmation of their next generation and come associated with a unique microbia community. Vertical transmission of this microbiota signifies the importance of these organisms for a healthy seedling and thus a healthier next generation for both symbionts. Seed endophytic bacterial community composition is guided by plant genotype and many environmental factors. In north-east India, within a narrow geographical region, several indigenous rice genotypes are cultivated across broad agroecosystems having standing water in fields ranging from 0-2 m during their peak growth stage. Here we tried to trap the effect of rice genotypes and agroecosystems where they are cultivated on the rice seed microbiota. We used culturable and metagenomics approaches to explore the seed endophytic bacterial diversity of seven rice genotypes (8 replicate hills) grown across three agroecosystems. Results: From seven growth media, 16 different species of culturable EB were isolated. A predictive metabolic pathway analysis of the EB showed the presence of many plant growth promoting traits such as siroheme synthesis, nitrate reduction, phosphate acquisition, etc. Vitamin B12 biosynthesis restricted to bacteria and archaea; pathways were also detected in the EB of two landraces. Analysis of 522,134 filtered metagenomic sequencing reads obtained from seed samples (n=56) gave 4061 OTUs. -
Comparative Proteomic Profiling of Newly Acquired, Virulent And
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Comparative proteomic profling of newly acquired, virulent and attenuated Neoparamoeba perurans proteins associated with amoebic gill disease Kerrie Ní Dhufaigh1*, Eugene Dillon2, Natasha Botwright3, Anita Talbot1, Ian O’Connor1, Eugene MacCarthy1 & Orla Slattery4 The causative agent of amoebic gill disease, Neoparamoeba perurans is reported to lose virulence during prolonged in vitro maintenance. In this study, the impact of prolonged culture on N. perurans virulence and its proteome was investigated. Two isolates, attenuated and virulent, had their virulence assessed in an experimental trial using Atlantic salmon smolts and their bacterial community composition was evaluated by 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Soluble proteins were isolated from three isolates: a newly acquired, virulent and attenuated N. perurans culture. Proteins were analysed using two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The challenge trial using naïve smolts confrmed a loss in virulence in the attenuated N. perurans culture. A greater diversity of bacterial communities was found in the microbiome of the virulent isolate in contrast to a reduction in microbial community richness in the attenuated microbiome. A collated proteome database of N. perurans, Amoebozoa and four bacterial genera resulted in 24 proteins diferentially expressed between the three cultures. The present LC–MS/ MS results indicate protein synthesis, oxidative stress and immunomodulation are upregulated in a newly acquired N. perurans culture and future studies may exploit these protein identifcations for therapeutic purposes in infected farmed fsh. Neoparamoeba perurans is an ectoparasitic protozoan responsible for the hyperplastic gill infection of marine cultured fnfsh referred to as amoebic gill disease (AGD)1. -
DNA Variation and Symbiotic Associations in Phenotypically Diverse Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Intermedius
DNA variation and symbiotic associations in phenotypically diverse sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius Evgeniy S. Balakirev*†‡, Vladimir A. Pavlyuchkov§, and Francisco J. Ayala*‡ *Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2525; †Institute of Marine Biology, Vladivostok 690041, Russia; and §Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), Vladivostok, 690600 Russia Contributed by Francisco J. Ayala, August 20, 2008 (sent for review May 9, 2008) Strongylocentrotus intermedius (A. Agassiz, 1863) is an economically spines of the U form are relatively short; the length, as a rule, does important sea urchin inhabiting the northwest Pacific region of Asia. not exceed one third of the radius of the testa. The spines of the G The northern Primorye (Sea of Japan) populations of S. intermedius form are longer, reaching and frequently exceeding two thirds of the consist of two sympatric morphological forms, ‘‘usual’’ (U) and ‘‘gray’’ testa radius. The testa is significantly thicker in the U form than in (G). The two forms are significantly different in morphology and the G form. The morphological differences between the U and G preferred bathymetric distribution, the G form prevailing in deeper- forms of S. intermedius are stable and easily recognizable (Fig. 1), water settlements. We have analyzed the genetic composition of the and they are systematically reported for the northern Primorye S. intermedius forms using the nucleotide sequences of the mitochon- coast region (V.A.P., unpublished data). drial gene encoding the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and the Little is known about the population genetics of S. intermedius; nuclear gene encoding bindin to evaluate the possibility of cryptic the available data are limited to allozyme polymorphisms (4–6). -
Table S5. the Information of the Bacteria Annotated in the Soil Community at Species Level
Table S5. The information of the bacteria annotated in the soil community at species level No. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species The number of contigs Abundance(%) 1 Firmicutes Bacilli Bacillales Bacillaceae Bacillus Bacillus cereus 1749 5.145782459 2 Bacteroidetes Cytophagia Cytophagales Hymenobacteraceae Hymenobacter Hymenobacter sedentarius 1538 4.52499338 3 Gemmatimonadetes Gemmatimonadetes Gemmatimonadales Gemmatimonadaceae Gemmatirosa Gemmatirosa kalamazoonesis 1020 3.000970902 4 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonas Sphingomonas indica 797 2.344876284 5 Firmicutes Bacilli Lactobacillales Streptococcaceae Lactococcus Lactococcus piscium 542 1.594633558 6 Actinobacteria Thermoleophilia Solirubrobacterales Conexibacteraceae Conexibacter Conexibacter woesei 471 1.385742446 7 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonas Sphingomonas taxi 430 1.265115184 8 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonas Sphingomonas wittichii 388 1.141545794 9 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonas Sphingomonas sp. FARSPH 298 0.876754244 10 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonas Sorangium cellulosum 260 0.764953367 11 Proteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria Myxococcales Polyangiaceae Sorangium Sphingomonas sp. Cra20 260 0.764953367 12 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonas Sphingomonas panacis 252 0.741416341 -
Tales of Diversity: Genomic and Morphological Characteristics of Forty-Six Arthrobacter Phages
RESEARCH ARTICLE Tales of diversity: Genomic and morphological characteristics of forty-six Arthrobacter phages Karen K. Klyczek1☯, J. Alfred Bonilla1☯, Deborah Jacobs-Sera2☯, Tamarah L. Adair3, Patricia Afram4, Katherine G. Allen5, Megan L. Archambault1, Rahat M. Aziz6, Filippa G. Bagnasco3, Sarah L. Ball7, Natalie A. Barrett8, Robert C. Benjamin6, Christopher J. Blasi9, Katherine Borst10, Mary A. Braun10, Haley Broomell4, Conner B. Brown5, Zachary S. Brynell3, Ashley B. Bue1, Sydney O. Burke3, William Casazza10, Julia A. Cautela8, Kevin Chen10, Nitish S. Chimalakonda3, Dylan Chudoff4, Jade A. Connor3, Trevor S. Cross4, Kyra N. Curtis3, Jessica A. Dahlke1, Bethany M. Deaton3, Sarah J. Degroote1, Danielle M. DeNigris8, Katherine C. DeRuff9, Milan Dolan5, David Dunbar4, Marisa a1111111111 S. Egan8, Daniel R. Evans10, Abby K. Fahnestock3, Amal Farooq6, Garrett Finn1, a1111111111 Christopher R. Fratus3, Bobby L. Gaffney5, Rebecca A. Garlena2, Kelly E. Garrigan8, Bryan 3 5 2 4 a1111111111 C. Gibbon , Michael A. Goedde , Carlos A. Guerrero Bustamante , Melinda Harrison , 8 11 10 6 a1111111111 Megan C. Hartwell , Emily L. Heckman , Jennifer Huang , Lee E. Hughes , Kathryn 8 8 10 3 a1111111111 M. Hyduchak , Aswathi E. Jacob , Machika Kaku , Allen W. Karstens , Margaret A. Kenna11, Susheel Khetarpal10, Rodney A. King5, Amanda L. Kobokovich9, Hannah Kolev10, Sai A. Konde3, Elizabeth Kriese1, Morgan E. Lamey8, Carter N. Lantz3, Jonathan S. Lapin2, Temiloluwa O. Lawson1, In Young Lee2, Scott M. Lee3, Julia Y. Lee- Soety8, Emily M. Lehmann1, Shawn C. London8, A. Javier Lopez10, Kelly C. Lynch5, Catherine M. Mageeney11, Tetyana Martynyuk8, Kevin J. Mathew6, Travis N. Mavrich2, OPEN ACCESS Christopher M. McDaniel5, Hannah McDonald10, C. Joel McManus10, Jessica E.