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Chad Factsheets of Health Statistics 2010

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Chad Factsheets of Health Statistics 2010 Chad Factsheets of Health Statistics 2010 Figure 1 : Chad and neighboring countries Libya Niger Chad Sudan Nigeria Central African Republic Cameroon Figure 2 : Population size (in thousands) in Chad and neighboring countries, 2008 Chad 10,914 Nigeria 151,212 Sudan 41,348 Cameroon 19,088 Niger 14,704 Libya 6,294 Central African 4,339 Republic 1. Health Status Life expectancy Figure 3 : Life expectancyi at birth in years, in Chad and neighboring countries, 2008 and 1990 2008 1990 46 Chad 49 48 Central African Republic 51 Nigeria 49 46 Niger 52 39 53 Cameroon 55 57 Sudan 57 Libya 73 69 African Region 53 51 Figure 4 : Life expectancy at birth in years, in Chad and neighboring countries, by sex, 2008 Male Female Chad 46 47 Nigeria 49 49 Central African Republic 49 48 Niger 51 53 53 Cameroon 53 57 Sudan 58 71 Libya 76 52 African Region 54 i Definition: average number of years that a newborn is expected to live if current mortality rates continue to apply Figure 5 : Healthy life expectancyii at birth in years, in Chad and neighboring countries, by sex, 2007 Male Female Chad 40 40 Nigeria 42 42 43 Central African Republic 42 Niger 44 45 45 Cameroon 45 Sudan 50 50 63 Libya 66 45 African Region 46 Mortality Figure 6: Adult mortality rateiii per 1,000 population in Chad and neighboring countries, 2008 and 1990 2008 1990 Chad 446 375 Central African Republic 457 353 411 Nigeria 405 Cameroon 403 321 Niger 359 497 Sudan 319 288 138 Libya 178 African Region 392 371 ii Definition: average number of years that a person can expect to live in “full health” by taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and/or injury iii Definition: probability that a 15-year-old person will die before reaching his/her 60th birthday. Mortality data. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2010 (www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/mortality/en/) Figure 7: Adult mortality rate per 1,000 population in Chad and neighboring countries, by sex, 2008 Male Female Chad 465 429 448 Central African Republic 467 Nigeria 424 399 Cameroon 405 403 Niger 374 340 Sudan 335 304 Libya 170 97 African Region 412 374 Figure 8: Under-five mortality rateiv (per 1, 000 live births) in Chad and neighboring countries, both sexes, 2009 and 1990 2009 1990 209 Chad 201 171 Central African Republic 175 160 Niger 305 154 Cameroon 148 138 Nigeria 212 108 Sudan 124 19 Libya 36 127 African Region 179 Source: IGME 2009 Estimates iv Definition: under-five mortality rate is the probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of that period Figure 9: Infant mortality ratev per 1,000 lives births in Chad and neighboring countries, 2009 and 1990 2009 1990 Chad 124 120 112 Central African Republic 115 Cameroon 95 91 86 Nigeria 126 76 Niger 144 69 Sudan 78 17 Libya 32 80 African Region 109 Source: IGME 2009 Estimates Figure 10: Distribution of causes of death among children aged <5 years (%) in Chad Injuries 1 HIV/AIDS 3 Other diseases Congenital 19 Diarrhoea abnormalities 22 1 Neonatal sepsis 3 Meas les Birth asphyxia 0 6 Prematurity Malaria 6 19 Pneumonia 19 v Infant mortality rate is the probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of one, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of that period. Figure 11: Maternal mortality ratiovi per 100,000 live births in Chad and neighboring countries, 2008 and 1990 2008 1990 1,200 Chad 1,300 850 Central African Republic 880 840 Nigeria 1,100 820 Niger 1,400 750 Sudan 830 600 Cameroon 680 64 Libya 100 620 African Region 850 Burden of Disease Figure 12: Distribution burden of diseases as % of total DALYsvii by broader causes in Chad and neighboring countries, by country, 2004 Communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiences Non communicable conditions Injuries Chad 74% 19% 7% Niger 79% 15% 5% Nigeria 72% 21% 7% Central African Republic 71% 20% 9% Cameroon 69% 24% 7% Libya*#N/A0% Sudan*#N/A0% African Region 71% 21% 8% *: No data vi Definition: number of maternal deaths per 100 000 live births during a specified time period, usually one year. vii DALY is a health gap measure that extends the concept of potential years of life lost due to premature death (PYLL) to include equivalent years of “healthy” life lost by virtue of being in states of poor health or disability (1). DALYs for a disease or health condition are calculated as the sum of the years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL) in the population and the years lost due to disability (YLD) for incident cases of the health condition. Figure 13: Distribution of years of life lostviii by broader causes in Chad and neighboring countries, 2004 Communicable disease Non communicable conditions Injuries Chad 82 12 6 Niger 86 10 4 Nigeria 81 13 6 Central African Republic 78 13 9 Cameroon 78 15 7 Sudan 57 21 23 Libya 29 54 17 African Region 80 13 7 2. The Health System Health financing Figure 14: Per capita total expenditure on health (PPP int. $) in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 72 Chad 49 Central African Republic 30 26 Niger 35 16 Sudan 71 37 104 Cameroon 73 131 Nigeria 59 Libya 453 385 African Region 137 86 viii Definition: YLL are calculated from the number of deaths multiplied by a standard life expectancy at the age at which death occurs. The standard life expectancy used for YLL at each age is the same for deaths in all regions of the world and is the same as that used for the calculation of disability-adjusted-life years (DALY). Additionally 3% time discounting and non- uniform age weights which give less weight to years lived at young and older ages were used as for the DALY. With non-uniform age weights and 3% discounting, a death in infancy corresponds to 33 YLL, and deaths at ages 5 to 20 to around 36 YLL. Figure 15: Total expenditure on health as percent of GDPix in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 4.8 Chad 6.3 2.7 Libya 3.7 Sudan 3.5 3.1 Central African Republic 4.1 3.8 4.9 Cameroon 4.5 Niger 5.3 3.5 6.6 Nigeria 4.6 African Region 6.2 5.9 Figure 16: General government expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 Chad 56.3 42.5 25.3 Nigeria 33.5 Cameroon 25.9 21.5 34.7 Central African Republic 41.4 Sudan 36.8 29.2 Niger 52.8 54.4 Libya 71.8 61.7 African Region 45.3 43.5 ix Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of all goods and services provided in a country by residents and non-residents. This corresponds to the total sum of expenditure (consumption and investment) of the private and government agents of the economy during the reference year. Figure 17: General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 Chad 13.8 13.1 Niger 12.4 10.3 11 Centrafrican Republic 10.1 8.1 Cameroon 6.4 Nigeria 6.5 4.2 Soudan 6.1 8.3 5.4 Libya 7.2 9.6 African Region 8.7 Figure 6 : External resources for health as percent of total expenditure on health in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 11.3 Chad 24.9 Niger 74.9 40.2 25.9 Central African Republic 22.9 Sudan 10.2 4.7 Cameroon 5.2 4.1 2.2 Nigeria 16.2 Libya* African Region 6.9 5.4 *: No data Figure 19: Private expenditure on health as percent of total expenditure on health in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 43.7 Chad 57.5 74.7 Nigeria 66.5 74.1 Cameroon 78.5 65.3 Central African Republic 58.6 63.2 Sudan 70.8 47.2 Niger 45.6 28.2 Libya 38.3 54.7 African Region 56.5 Figure 20: Out-of-Pocket expenditurex as % of private expenditure on health in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 96.2 Chad 96.2 100 Sudan 100 100 Libya 100 Niger 96.4 87.6 Nigeria 95.9 92.7 95 Central African Republic 95 94.5 Cameroon 94.4 African Region 60.1 53 x Household out-of-pocket spending (OOPS): the direct outlays of households, including gratuities and in-kind payments made to health practitioners and to suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances and other goods and services. This includes household direct payments to public and private providers of health care services, non-profit institutions, and non-reimbursable cost sharing, such as deductibles, copayments and fee for services Figure 21: Per capita government expenditure on health (PPP int.$) in Chad and neighboring countries, 2007 and 2000 2007 2000 Chad 40 21 10 Central African Republic 11 Niger 18 9 Sudan 26 11 Cameroon 27 16 Nigeria 33 20 Libya 325 238 African Region 63 38 Health workforce Figure 22: The physician to population ratio (per 10,000 population) in Chad and neighboring countries, 2000- 2009 Chad <0.5 Niger <0.5 Central African Republic 1 Cameroon 2 Sudan 3 Nigeria 4 Libya 12 African Region 2 Figure 23: The nursing and midwifery personnel to population ratio (per 10,000 population) in Chad and neighboring countries, 2000-2009 Chad 3 Niger 1 Central African Republic 4 Sudan 9 Cameroon 16 Nigeria 16 Libya 48 African Region 11 Medical products and equipment Figure 24: Median percent availability of selected generic medicines in a sample of health facilities in Chad and neighboring countries with data in 2001-2008 Public Private Chad 31 14 26 Nigeria 36 52 Sudan 77 Cameroon 58 53 … Central African Republic … … Niger … … Libya … … African Region … …: No data Figure 25: Median consumer price ratio of selected generic medicines (ratio of median local unit price to management sciences for health international reference price), Chad and neighboring countries, 2001
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