CSS MEDIATION RESOURCES Addressing Religion in Conflict
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What About the Rohingya?
UPPSALA UNIVERSITY Department of Theology Master Programme in Religion in Peace and Conflict Master thesis, 30 credits Spring, 2019 Supervisor: Håkan Bengtsson What about the Rohingya? A study searching for power relations in different levels of society Ewa Einarsson Abstract This study aims to search for patterns that demonstrate power relations. It specifically seeks to identify patterns in the power relations in the Rohingya conflict and understand the established power relations at different levels in society, which could provide a picture of the social world within the context of historical, ethnic, cultural, religious and political circumstances. Moreover, this study illustrates the Rohingya population’s experience with relations of power. The ongoing conflict in Myanmar, which is based on religion, ethnicity and politics, is seemingly without any solution. Myanmar is depicted as a country that has lost both hope and legitimacy for the political system and has reduced chances to establish a society in which all the minorities are included across the spheres of society. Finding a bright future for the Rohingya population might be difficult; nevertheless, this study seeks to enhance the understanding of the ongoing conflict and the underlying power relations. 2 Table of Contents A study searching for power relations in different levels of society ................................................................. 1 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... -
The Rohingyas of Rakhine State: Social Evolution and History in the Light of Ethnic Nationalism
RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES Eurasian Center for Big History & System Forecasting SOCIAL EVOLUTION Studies in the Evolution & HISTORY of Human Societies Volume 19, Number 2 / September 2020 DOI: 10.30884/seh/2020.02.00 Contents Articles: Policarp Hortolà From Thermodynamics to Biology: A Critical Approach to ‘Intelligent Design’ Hypothesis .............................................................. 3 Leonid Grinin and Anton Grinin Social Evolution as an Integral Part of Universal Evolution ............. 20 Daniel Barreiros and Daniel Ribera Vainfas Cognition, Human Evolution and the Possibilities for an Ethics of Warfare and Peace ........................................................................... 47 Yelena N. Yemelyanova The Nature and Origins of War: The Social Democratic Concept ...... 68 Sylwester Wróbel, Mateusz Wajzer, and Monika Cukier-Syguła Some Remarks on the Genetic Explanations of Political Participation .......................................................................................... 98 Sarwar J. Minar and Abdul Halim The Rohingyas of Rakhine State: Social Evolution and History in the Light of Ethnic Nationalism .......................................................... 115 Uwe Christian Plachetka Vavilov Centers or Vavilov Cultures? Evidence for the Law of Homologous Series in World System Evolution ............................... 145 Reviews and Notes: Henri J. M. Claessen Ancient Ghana Reconsidered .............................................................. 184 Congratulations -
European Islam Challenges for Public Policy and Society
EUROPEAN ISLAM CHALLENGES FOR PUBLIC POLICY AND SOCIETY SAMIR AMGHAR, AMEL BOUBEKEUR, MICHAEL EMERSON (EDITORS) CHRIS ALLEN, VALERIE AMIRAUX, TUFYAL CHOUDHURY, BERNARD GODARD, IMANE KARICH, ISABELLE RIGONI OLIVIER ROY AND SARA SILVESTRI CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES BRUSSELS The Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) is an independent policy research institute based in Brussels. Its mission is to produce sound analytical research leading to constructive solutions to the challenges facing Europe today. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors writing in a personal capacity and do not necessarily reflect those of CEPS or any other institution with which the authors are associated. This study was carried out in the context of the broader work programme of CEPS on European Neighbourhood Policy, and is generously supported by the Compagnia di San Paolo and the Open Society Institute. The project was initiated at a conference held in Sofia in November 2006, sponsored under International Policy Fellowship programme of the Open Society Institute. Cover photograph: Stockholm Great Mosque ISBN 13: 978-92-9079-710-4 © Copyright 2007, Centre for European Policy Studies. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the Centre for European Policy Studies. Centre for European Policy Studies Place du Congrès 1, B-1000 Brussels Tel: 32 (0) 2 229.39.11 Fax: 32 (0) 2 219.41.51 e-mail: [email protected] internet: http://www.ceps.eu CONTENTS 1. -
Assessing State Fragility in Myanmar Ahead of the 2020 Election
Assessing State Fragility in Myanmar Ahead of the 2020 Election INAF 5499: Policy Paper December 11, 2019 Zahura Ahmed, Janice Fu, and Gladys Omage Zahura Ahmed is a second year MA candidate at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University. She holds an undergraduate degree in International Development with a minor in Business Administration from the University of Ottawa. Zahura has worked in Bangladesh in the areas of migration and labour regulation. She has experience in various project management and policy analysis roles with Global Affairs Canada and the International Development Research Centre focusing on evaluation, food security, health, and education. Zahura organized the University of Ottawa’s International Development Conferences in 2014 and 2015, the largest of their kind in Canada. Her passion is working with youth to foster a more holistic, critical understanding of international development and global issues. Zahura can be reached at [email protected] Janice Fu is a second year MA candidate at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University. She holds an Honours Bachelor of Social Sciences in International Development and a minor in Political Science from the University of Ottawa. Janice has worked in a number of different government departments, including Global Affairs Canada, on policy analysis and stakeholder relations. She is currently a senior operations officer at CANADEM and works with the UN Standby Partnership Programme. Most recently, she was the Project Manager for the bilateral election observation mission in Ukraine for the Parliamentary election. Janice can be reached at [email protected] Gladys Omage is a second year student, Master of Arts in International Affairs, Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University. -
The Causes and Consequences of Recurrent
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO LIVING WITH VIOLENCE: THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF RECURRENT BUDDHIST-MUSLIM VIOLENCE IN MYANMAR A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY BY NATHANIEL JAMES GONZALEZ CHICAGO, ILLINOIS AUGUST 2020 Copyright © 2020 by Nathaniel James Gonzalez All Rights Reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. viii RECURRENT COMMUNAL VIOLENCE ................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Studying Recurrent Communal Violence ....................................................................... 4 1.3 Defining Communal Conflict and Communal Violence ................................................ 7 1.4 The Causes of Communal Violence ............................................................................. 16 1.5 -
Sunni Muslim Religiosity in the UK Muslim Diaspora: Mosques in Leeds Compared
Sunni Muslim Religiosity in the UK Muslim Diaspora: Mosques in Leeds compared Aydın Bayram Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds The School of Philosophy, Religion and the History of Science January 2013 1 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his/her own, except where work which has formed part of jointly-authored publications has been included. The contribution of the candidate and the other authors to this work has been explicitly indicated below. The candidate confirms that appropriate credit has been given within the thesis where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Aydın Bayram to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © 2013 The University of Leeds and Aydın Bayram 2 Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank the Ministry of Education in Turkey for providing me with this opportunity to do postgraduate research abroad and for funding both tuition fees and life expenses during my stay in Britain. For reasons of anonymity, I refrain from mentioning the names of my informants. However, the friendly response of all the imams and fellow Muslims who hosted me in the selected mosques (Leeds Islamic Centre, Leeds Grand Mosque, Leeds Iqra Centre, and Leeds Makkah Masjid) needs to be acknowledged with thanks here. -
Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses
Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses www.rsis.edu.sg ISSN 2382-6444 | Volume 11, Issue 3 | March 2019 A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND TERRORISM RESEARCH (ICPVTR) Buddhist Extremism in Sri Lanka and Myanmar: An Examination Amresh Gunasingham Leadership Decapitation and the Impact on Terrorist Groups Kenneth Yeo Yaoren Denmark’s De-Radicalisation Programme for Returning Foreign Terrorist Fighters Ahmad Saiful Rijal Bin Hassan Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses Volume 9, Issue 4 | April 2017 1 Building a Global Network for Security Editorial Note March Issue The discourse on religious extremism in the decapitation on four key groups: Hamas, past few decades has largely been dominated Hezbollah, Abu Sayyaf Group and Jemaah by Islamist-oriented trends and actors. Islamiyah in terms of the frequency and However, there are emerging alternate lethality of attacks after the arrests or killings of discourses of religious extremism that are their leaders are observed. It is argued that, becoming relevant in South and Southeast “leadership decapitation is not a silver bullet Asia – Buddhist and Hindu extremism. The against terrorism”, necessitating broader March Issue thus focuses on Sri Lanka and responses to counter the ideology and Myanmar as case studies depicting the rise of operational strength of religiously-motivated Buddhist extremism and related intolerance terrorist groups. towards the minority Muslim communities. The Issue also delves into two different responses Lastly, Ahmad Saiful Rijal Bin Hassan focuses Wto counter -terrorism by the state and on Denmark’s de-radicalisation programme in community stakeholders in their bid to tackle light of the returning foreign terrorist fighters religious-motivated terrorist groups. -
VYTAUTO DIDŽIOJO UNIVERSITETAS Dalia
VYTAUTO DIDŽIOJO UNIVERSITETAS SOCIALINIŲ MOKSLŲ FAKULTETAS SOCIOLOGIJOS KATEDRA Dalia Markevičiūtė INTERNAL LINKAGES AND EXTERNAL ADJUSTMENT OF MUSLIM PEOPLE IN LITHUANIA (LIETUVOS MUSULMONŲ TARPUSAVIO RYŠIAI IR IŠORINIS PRISITAIKYMAS) Magistro baigiamasis darbas Socialinės antropologijos studijų programa, valstybinis kodas 62605S103 Sociologijos studijų kryptis Vadovas _prof. Victor de Munck____ _________ __________ (Parašas) (Data) Apginta ___________________ __________ __________ (Fakulteto/studijų instituto dekanas/direktorius) (Parašas) (Data) Kaunas, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS I.INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................3 II.METHODOLOGY AND THEORETICAL BACKGRUOND..............................................................6 III.THE FIELD ..........................................................................................................................................10 IV.INTERNAL LINKAGES: CONGREGATION, COMMUNITY OR RANDAM PEOPLE?..............13 1. The importance of the collective prayer..........................................................................................................14 2. Pushing and pulling factors inside the congregation.......................................................................................16 a. Ethnic differences.................................................................................................................................17 b. The variety of languages ......................................................................................................................22 -
Imagining the Buddhist Ecumene in Myanmar: How Buddhist Paradigms Dictate Belonging in Contemporary Myanmar
Imagining the Buddhist Ecumene in Myanmar: How Buddhist Paradigms Dictate Belonging in Contemporary Myanmar Daniel P. Murphree A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in International Studies: Southeast Asia University of Washington 2017 Committee: Laurie J. Sears Jenna M. Grant Timothy J. Lenz Program Authorized to Offer Degree: The Jackson School of International Studies ©Copyright 2017 Daniel P. Murphree University of Washington Abstract Imagining the Buddhist Ecumene in Myanmar: How Buddhist Paradigms Dictate Belonging in Contemporary Myanmar Daniel P. Murphree Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Walker Family Endowed Professor in History Laurie Sears Department of History This paper argues that the model of an “Ecumene” will aid external interpretation of the Myanmar political process, including the beliefs of its leaders and constituents, the Bamar. Myanmar as Ecumene better articulates Bama constructions of society, including governance, in that it resituates the political process as a Buddhist enterprise, shifting “Buddhist nationalism” to an imagined “Nation of Buddhists.” It also provides the rational for othering of religious minorities, such as the Muslim Rohingya or the Christian Chin. Utilizing ethnographic, historical, and textual source material, I show how the Bamar of Myanmar understand their relationship with the State, with one another, and with minority groups primarily through Buddhist modes of kingship and belonging. The right to rule is negotiated through the concept of “moral authority.” This dhamma sphere exists as a space to contest power legitimation, but requires the use of Buddhist textual and historical concepts provided in the dhammarāja or Cakkavattin model of Buddhist kingship, The Ten Virtues, the Jātakas, and the historical figures of Aśoka and Anawrahta. -
Islamophobia: Religious Affiliation, Religious Markets, and Attitudes Towards Islam in Three European Countries
Political Science Faculty Presentations Political Science 10-2015 Islamophobia: Religious Affiliation, Religious Markets, and Attitudes towards Islam in Three European Countries Linda A. Lockett University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/political_science_presentations Part of the Comparative Politics Commons Repository Citation Lockett, L. A. (2015). Islamophobia: Religious Affiliation, Religious Markets, and Attitudes towards Islam in Three European Countries. Available at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/political_science_presentations/1 This Conference Proceeding is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Conference Proceeding in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. This Conference Proceeding has been accepted for inclusion in Political Science Faculty Presentations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Islamophobia: Religious Affiliation, Religious Markets, and Attitudes towards Islam in Three European Countries Linda A. Lockett University of Nevada, Las Vegas [email protected] Prepared for delivery -
Mediating Tensions Over Islam in Denmark, Holland, and Switzerland
Mediating Tensions over Islam in Denmark, Holland, and Switzerland Simon J A Mason, Abbas Aroua, Annika Åberg The Center for Security Studies, ETH Zurich specialises in research, teaching, and the provision of electronic services in international and Swiss security policy. An academic institute with a major think- tank capacity, it has a wide network of partners. The CSS is part of the Center for Comparative and International Studies (CIS), which includes the political science chairs of ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich. (www.css.ethz.ch) The Cordoba Foundation, Geneva is a non-profit organization, directed by Dr. Abbas Aroua. The aim of the foundation is to facilitate exchange between cultures, civilizations and communities in the spirit of Cordoba. It aims to contribute to research and enrich the debate on how to enhance peace in the world. (www.cordoue.ch) Further related publications are available at www.isn.ethz.ch and www.peacemediation.ch: • Transforming Conflicts with Religious Dimensions: Methodolgies and Practical Experiences • Debriefing Mediators to Learn from Their Experiences • Insider Mediators - Exploring Their Key Role in Informal Peace Processes • The Tormented Triangle: The Regionalisation of Conflict in Sudan, Chad and the Central African Republic • To Be a Negotiator: Strategies and Tactics • Mediation Essentials: Dealing with the Past in Peace Mediation • Mediation Essentials: Federalism and Peace Mediation • Mediation Essentials: Gender and Peace Mediation • Towards Realizing the Strengths and Mitigating the -
“One and a Half Human Beings” How Buddhist Monks Construct the Muslim Other in Myanmar
“One and a Half Human Beings” How Buddhist Monks Construct the Muslim Other in Myanmar Ingrid Johannessen Supervisor Dr. Iselin Frydenlund, Associate Professor in Religious Studies This Master’s Thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the MA degree at MF Norwegian School of Theology, 2018, spring AVH5035: Master's Thesis (60 ECTS) Master in Religion, Society and Global Issues Word count (ex. front page, content list, bibliography, attachments): 35 104 words 2 Acknowledgments and Gratitude First of all I would like to thank my supervisor Professor Iselin Frydenlund for introducing me to this topic and to Myanmar, a country I have grown to love. I want to thank you for your guidance, knowledge and sense of humor. Your enthusiasm is infectious and your drive inspiring. I also need to thank my support network: my family, friends, classmates and flat mates. Thank you for supporting and pushing me, and thank you for tolerating me while I was living and working in this little bubble. I also want to thank my new Burmese friends, both in Myanmar and in Norway, for being so generous and helpful. Especially to Duh Tawng Lian and Thiri Nandar for helping me with the Burmese translation. I would like to thank NORPART and MF as well, for giving me the grant and opportunity to do my fieldwork in Yangon in November 2017 and then for allowing me to go back to Myanmar in January 2018. These experiences were life changing and I am forever grateful. Lastly I want to thank God for making this all come together and for having a plan for me to follow.