The American Legion Magazine [Volume 76, No. 1 (January 1964)]

THE AMERICAN mmm mmm ^Hm^l ION LEGMAGAZINE 20c»JANUARY 1964

THE DEATH OF FLOYD COLLINS A MIRROR OF THE NINETEEN TWENTIES, by Clarence Woodbury LEGIONNAIRE'SftCALENDAR

Important days with special significance for veterans and their families

JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH

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FEBRUARY 12 Lincoln's Birthday 15-16-17-18-19 JANUARY 1 New Year's Day MARCH FEBRUARY 22 Washington's Birthday Legion's Birthday APRIL MAY JUNE

Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat. Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat. Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat.

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26 27 28 29 30 • • • • 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 30 31 APRIL 6 United States Enters WW1 JUNE 6 D-Day MAY 8 VE Day JUNE 14 Flag Day MAY 16 Armed Forces Day JUNE 25 Korean War Starts MAY 30 Memorial Day JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER

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26 27 28 29 30 31 • • 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 • • • • • • 30 31 I JULY 4 Our Nation's Birthday SEPTEMBER 7 Labor Day AUGUST 14 VJ Day SEPTEMBER 17 Constitution Day SEPTEMBER 18-19-20-21-22-23-24 National Convention-Dallas.Texas

OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER

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OCTOBER 12 Columbus Day NOVEMBER 3 National Election Day DECEMBER 7 Pearl Harbor

NOVEMBER 11 Veterans Day DECEMBER 25 Christmas Day NOVEMBER 26 Thanksgiving Day The American

JANUARY 1964 LEGION 76, Number 1 POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1055, Magazine Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

The American Legion Magazine is published Contents for January 1964 monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, Ky., by The American Legion. Copyright DOCTRINE OF SENSE 6 1963 by The American Legion. Second-class THE COMMON postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price : single copy, 20 cents yearly subscription, &2.00. BY NATIONAL COMMANDER DANIEL F. FOLEY ; Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- The American way provides for thrashing out our internal culation Department of The American Legion, differences without hate, fear and rancor. P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 WHAT HOPE FOR NARCOTICS CONTROL? 8 CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1055, AN INTERVIEW WITH HENRY L. GIORDANO Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office BY PETE MARTIN Form 3578. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses and current How the traffic in dope looks to the man who's responsible membership card number. Also be sure to it— for controlling the Commissioner of the notify your Post Adjutant. U.S. Bureau of Narcotics. The American Legion THE DEATH OF FLOYD COLLINS 10 Executive and Administrative Offices BY CLARENCE WOODBURY Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 A tidal wave of emotionalism swept the country in Daniel F. Foley, National Commander midwinter, 1925, as the nation spent two weeks watching a man die in a Kentucky cave. The American Legion Publications Commission: Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa HOW FOREIGNERS FAKE AMERICAN PRODUCTS 12 (Chairman); Adolph F. Bremer, Winona, (Vice Chairman) Lang Armstrong, BY MEL HOLDEN Minn. ; Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth, Hunting- Words and photos showing blatant imitations of well-known ton, W. Va.; John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa.; American products that are dumped on E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Fla.; Clovis Cope- Down- the world markets. land, Morrilton, Ark.; Paul B. Dague, ingtown. Pa.; Raymond Fields, Guymon, Okla.;

Chris Hernandez, Savannah, Ga. ; George D. THE ORIGINAL MAN WITHOUT A COUNTRY 14 Levy, Sumter, S. C; Edward Longstreth, La Jolla, Calif.; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y.; BY TOM MAHONEY Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; Robert Mitchler, Oswego, III. Harry H. SchafFer. Hale's famous story of Philip Nolan was fiction—but it was ; Pittsburgh, Pa.; Harold A. Shindler, Lafayette, suggested by, and an attack upon, an Ohio politician Ind.; William F. Taylor, Greensburg, Ky.; who opposed Union efforts in the Civil War. Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert

H. Wilder, Dadeville , Ala. Edward McSweeney, SHOULD CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE BE LIMITED Armonk, N. Y. (Consultant) TO 12 CONSECUTIVE YEARS? 16 The American Legion Magazine SIDES Editorial & Advertising Offices TWO OF A NATIONAL QUESTION 720 Fifth Avenue pro: REP. THOMAS B. CURTIS (R-MO.) New York, New York 10019 con: REP. HALE BOGGS (D-LA.) Publisher, James F. O'Neil Editor CONTRACT BRIDGE—PART Robert B. Pitkin IV—DEFENSE, AFTER Art Editor THE OPENING LEAD 20 Al Marshall Associate Editors BY WILLIAM S. ROOT John Andreola The last of a four part series of articles on the play Roy Miller of the cards in contract bridge. James S. Swartz Production Manager Ralph Peluso THE COMMUNISTS IN THE 1964 ELECTIONS 21 Copy Editor A GUEST EDITORIAL BY MARSHALL PECK Grail S. Hanford Contributing Editor The Republicans and Democrats are about to have some Pete Martin strange bedfellows, unwanted by either side, Circulation Manager reports this New York newsman. Dean B. Nelson Indianapolis, Ind. Advertising Director THE SEARCH FOR PEST REPELLENTS 22 Robert P. Redden Midwestern Adv. Sales BY JACK B. KEMMERER Office 35 East Wacker Drive What scientific research is doing to make pests, varmints, Chicago, 111. 60601 bugs and biting animals go away and mind Washington Sales Office Jack L. Spore their own business. 1608 K. St. N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 Departments Publisher's Representatives W est Coast Arden E. Roney & Assoc. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 PERSONAL 38 Los Angeles & San Francisco, Calif. EDITOR'S CORNER 4 BOOKS 46 Northwest The Harlowe Co. DATELINE WASHINGTON 7 ROD & GUN CLUB 52 Seattle, Wash. 98101 Southeast VETERANS NEWSLETTER 25 LEGION SHOPPER 56 The Dawson Co. NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 27 PARTING SHOTS 60 Miami, Fla. & Atlanta, Ga. Detroit Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, Arden E. Roney & Assoc. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Detroit, Mich.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 USA as the villain and the Japanese the victims. If this bomb saved 200,000 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR American boys' lives and ended the war, there was no other honest course for the men in power—it was War. F. Grant Schleicher Letters published do not necessarily ex- time. The leadership programs for our Flushing, N. Y. press the policy of The American Legion. Keep letters short. Name and address must armed forces that were set up under be furnished. Expressions of opinion and former Secretary of Defense Thomas E. MORE READERS requests for personal services are appreci- ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or Gates were largely scrapped by the sir: The American Legion Department answered, due to lack magazine staff for of present regime. They were superseded of Ohio urges its Posts to give subscrip- these purposes. Requests for personal services which may be legitimately asked of by troop indoctrination programs de- tions to The American Legion Magazine Legion should be to The American made vised mainly by a committee with no to their high school libraries. The article your Post Service Officer or your state (Department) American Legion Hq. Send experience in military leadership. It was "A Few Appropriate Remarks at Gettys- letters to the editor to: Letters, The suggested for example that it was not burg" in the October issue is one of your American Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave- nue, New York, N. Y. 10019. necessary for the individual soldier or many articles which should leave no sailor to know what he was fighting for. doubt of the importance of this maga- SERVICE & WELFARE It is idle to claim that the morale and zine to every high school library. leadership of our present military team sir: Our union, Telephone Workers Earl A. Graske have not suffered greatly. Department Americanism Union Local 827, Unit 1, has always held Chairman J. W. Reeves, admiral usn (ret.) the good and welfare of the general Bay Village, Ohio Warrington, Fla. membership to be of prime importance. CORRECTION I feel that the information in "What You sir: I say thank God for a Secretary of Should Know About Writing a Will," by sir: The photo of a band in the national Defense with the courage, dedication, Sydney Prerau (Nov.) falls in that cate- convention parade, on page 28, Novem- ability and foresight of Robert S. Mc- gory, and wish to reprint it for our 700 ber, is a picture of the Pompano Beach Namara. He will make it an easier task members. As Past Commander of Post Senior H.S. state championship band. for his successors, not a harder one. 310, American Legion, in Little Falls, The caption identified it as a Palm Beach James R. Couplin N. J., I would like to commend you for band. Elgin, III. your many fine, informative and enlight- Chuck Nelson ening articles. Deerfield Beach, Fla. sir: I commend on "The Conflict in Joseph King you the Pentagon" and your editorial about Little Ferry, N. J. it, both in November. This writer would Permission was granted. rest easier if our military leaders were not being coerced into compliance with CORREGIDOR non-military decisions on strictly military matters, as it seems apparent they sir: As one who first saw service on are. Corregidor in 1914, and who altogether John J. Collins spent six years on "The Rock," your Twin Lakes, Wis. November article "They're Clearing the Weeds from Corregidor" brought back sir: Mr. McNamara can hardly be fond memories. It is indeed a pleasure blamed for the fact that there to know that the Philippine Government may be no one with equal ability to succeed him. Pompano Beach Band is making it a shrine to the heroes, both F. L. Shrewsbury American and Filipino, who defended it. THE SPEED DEMON Winter Park, Fla. B. B. Albert, col. aus (ret.) sir: Thanks for the November article by Roanoke, Va. Pete Martin: "Roscoe Turner, Flying's sir: One cannot help but admire De- fense Secretary McNamara's character Original Speed Demon." Many 27th Dis- THE OKINAWA PICKET LINE trict, of California, Legionnaires as revealed in Mr. Eliot's article. "Show Dep't remember Col. Turner the recogni- sir: I would appreciate hearing from me the benefit; show me the cost; and and anyone who served on the Okinawa show me the proof" impresses anyone tion he brought our High Sierra country picket line with any of the following who dislikes waste and duplication in and communities here during his Nevada ships or planes during the Kamikaze the armed services. Eut can we overlook Airline days. raids: U.S.S. Aaron Ward; Little; LSMR the way the Cuban incident was han- John Coe 195; LCSI 83; LCSL 14; LCSL 25; U.S.S. dled? Our top military leaders should Mojave, Calif. Shannon; ATR 93; Gosper; Zaniah; from be qualified to do their jobs with less MORE ON MAAS any F4U or F6F pilots on CAP over RPP direction from the big boss. 10; from any communicators who moni- L. J. Paxton sir: Gen. Melvin Maas' article "How tored TBS transmissions by DELEGATE, Rhinelander, Wis. Not to Help the Blind," in your Sep- WISEMAN or MONGOOSE. They can tember issue was read at a meeting of help me write a truer history of the DESIGN FOR HIROSHIMA? our small club, the Manitowoc Braille enemy suicide attacks on the radar Club, whose members are blind or seri- sir: Relative to the Hiroshima Memorial picket ships off Okinawa on May 3, 1945, ously visually handicapped. We voted to at Hiroshima, Japan, let me recommend in a book under preparation for Bobbs- request permission to circulate copies to some of the design. Over the entrance Merrill. the various service clubs and the general gate should be the words: "Whatever Arnold S. Lott public here to inform them of the need you see here started here." A column at 188 Woods Drive for correct assistance to the visually the left of the gate would depict Pearl Annapolis, Md. handicapped, as was so ably put forth Harbor, the one at the right, the Bataan in this article. Death March. Down the path would Norman Zinkel, President THE PENTAGON CONFLICT be a tablet in memory of the U.S.S. Ari- Manitowoc Braille Club sir: Apropos of Mr. George Fielding zona and its entombed men. A frieze Manitowoc, Wis. Eliot's excellent article in November, should show MacArthur's return to the "The Conflict in the Pentagon," there is Philippines with living and dead men of And permission was granted. a time-worn saying in the naval pro- the U.S. and the Philippines who fought fession that good men with poor ships with him. Seriously, there is a growing sir: Maj. Gen. Melvin Maas' story "How will beat poor men with good ships every tendency to depict the Bomb and the Not to Help the Blind" (Sept.) was such

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 .

an inspiration to me that I'm sending it to my brother in Germany. I hope everyone who reads it will get the great bless- ing from it that I did. I am a sighted person, and truly thank God for my eyes after reading Gen. Maas' story. Enjoy Life! Mrs. Arthur Kimball McDonough, Ga.

"ILLEGAL" FLAG RESPECT

sir: This is to call the attention of your readers to the fact that U.S. District Court Judge William C. Mather has ruled in Los Angeles that an Arizona law requiring students to stand during the singing or playing of the National Anthem is unconstitutional. So I read in the "Education Summary" of Croft Edu- cational Services, of New London, Conn. It said that two students of the ele- mentary school in Pinetop, Ariz., had been expelled under the Arizona law, and that Judge Mather's ruling was in response to their parents' suit for their readmission. Joseph W. Judge Spring Valley, N. Y.

THANKS FOR EXPERTS sir: I am wondering if some of the members of the Legion fully appreciate many of the timely and well-written articles of common concern that appear in our magazine. In my humble opinion, one of the main reasons for their excellence is that they seem to be prepared and written by parties who are close to the sub- jects they discuss. Keep up the good work. Alvin C. Bohm Edwardsville, III.

APPRECIATES VA TREATMENT sir: From Nov. 18 to Jan. 16 last, my husband was a patient at the Wilkes Barre, Pa., VA Hospital. The care he received couldn't be surpassed anywhere. There aren't words enough to express my gratitude to the employees, from the doctors to the lowest paid workers. All expressed and applied the same program, with a warmth of personal feeling in all the services. It was the nearest thing to per- fection I've ever seen. Mrs. Daniel Jenkins Jackson Heights, N. Y.

FOR THE RECORD sir: In your October article on Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, the name and rank of "Private H. P. Bingham" are incorrect. He was First Sergeant Hugh Paxton Life Bigham. He was my great uncle. I was Enjoy with born in Gettysburg in 1909, and was 17 at the time of Hugh P. Bigham's death MILLER HIGH LIFE in 1926. It has been a great pleasure re- membering many of his colorful stories Pleasure for everyone! A clear, clean taste . . that he told interestingly and in precise glowing with a deep-down goodness, detail.

John Cunningham Bigham sparkling with a special lightness . . . distinctive! Rochester, Mich.

First Sergeant Bigham stood guard outside of Lincoln's room in the Wills home Brewed only in Milwaukee . . . naturally. in Gettysburg the night before the Pres- ident delivered the Gettysburg Address. « MILLER BREWING CO. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 3 THE SCHOOL FOR PARANOIDS Chamber of Commerce and the Post edi- ON pages 27 to 29 we give a report on tors, for their inspection. our murdered Legionnaire President EDITOR'S The House Veterans Affairs Committee and our new Legionnaire President, both writes most veterans legislation that is of whom distinguished themselves in the CORNER: passed. While Chamber of Commerce armed services in wartime as well as in President Neilan quotes the ranking mem- the leadership of the nation in peacetime bers of that committee in support of his a combination of service which is the thesis, most of the tar — addicts; and finally (2) a virtual end to from his brush about highest ideal of The American Legion "loosely widespread drug addiction because the written legislation" must spill on itself. them as the authors of criminal element has no motive left for "most veterans leg- Here we insist on dealing with the na- creating new drug addicts. islation," which, we state categorically, is ture of the terrible events of not loosely written. It's mid-Novem- While all of this has a very attractive a small point in ber, and we insist that they must not be sound. The American Legion has not sup- itself, cited because it neatly characterizes Neilan's consigned to the isolated adventures of ported the adoption of "the British sys- approach. Contempt for WW1 madmen. tem" in the United States. vets as individuals shines through his lan- Lee Harvey Oswald, the President's In 1960, the Legion's National Conven- guage. "The old codgers" he calls them. The old codgers. assassin, was the full flower of the men- tion, in its Child Welfare platform, He says that VA hospitals "make real effort to tality nurtured by the Senior Hate Group reiterated a policy it had enunciated in no ward off of our time, the Communist Party. 1951. malingerers." But he avoids responsibility He was a self-styled Marxist, a some- In Resolution #547, the Legion called for that statement by putting it into the times self-styled communist, a self-identi- for compulsory commitment of narcotics mouth of the usual anonymous sources. fied member of the Fair Play for Cuba addicts to rehabilitation centers for treat- A well-advised avoidance, in our opinion, in of Committee, which is only one more of the ment (not as criminals, but more or less view the exciting pioneering that the hospitals are to self-praising camouflages of communist as dangerous public health problems). It VA doing discharge even their activity, whose aim is the assassination of called for more state laws imposing pen- longest-termed institutionalized patients men, of governments, of whole ways of alties on drug traffickers "not less severe and restore them to normal com- life, and whose record of assassination than the federal penalties." munity life. VA has civic organizations over nearly 50 years is global and astro- And as for the "British system," the and industry helping them make the read- nomical. Legion resolution said that "We oppose justment, including, we know, some splen- For the indoctrination and selection of the establishment of any open clinics for did Chamber of Commerce members. its troops, the Senior Hate Group has drug addicts." Period. Some day some outside critic may pub- always sought out the minds of unstable Why on earth should the Legion oppose lish a critique of veterans affairs in which men and women like Oswald. There are the "sure cure" for the problem? he raises many of the serious questions more minds like that, and communism Few people seem to know that we tried and problems in balance, without spilling appeals to them wherever they are. The the so-called "British system" a long time his animus all over every paragraph. If it formulation of the communist hate line ago, with disastrous results. happens we would gladly join in welcom- has been devised by experts to encourage To keep our readers a little ahead of ing an objective critic to what is a large the latent paranoia of all susceptibles. most people, we turned Contributing and complex area of American life. But Oswald's behavior in a televised inter- Editor Pete Martin. America's best-known we cannot discuss the serious questions in Orleans at an interviewer, Giordano, view with him New loose on Henry L. raised by Mr. Neilan in the context of his earlier date was not at all unfamiliar. It Commissioner of the U.S. Bureau of Nar- comment. There's already too much to was in the character of the parade of wit- cotics. unravel without beginning with a cross- nesses who have '"defied ' Congressional The highly informative result of their eyed look. investigating committees, and who have talk is on page 8 of this issue, entitled Let's close by answering a question he paraded and picketed in response to the "What Hope for Narcotics Control?" raised to which he should have known the pulling of communist strings for decades. answer, but didn't. That is, the basic phi- Lee Harvey Oswald was their blood A CROSS-EYED LOOK losophy of veterans pensions, quite apart brother. Edwin P. neilan, a Delaware banker from any particular pension bill. Writes The whole familiar, thought-out cry of and President of the United States Neilan: the communist line resolves itself into the Chamber of Commerce, and a Navy vet- most fundamental appeal to the unstable eran of WW2 has a piece in the Nov. 30 "If low-income veterans should be mind: " Rise up! Act! You are noble but Saturday Evening Post, called "Let's Say helped, why shouldn't low-income elderly you are being persecuted by villains!" The No to the Veteran.' non-veterans? If a federal handout [note appeal is irrational, but its makers know Chiefly, he takes off after HR2332, the "handout," he cannot use the objective is for what they are doing, as they measure the bill of Rep. Winfield K. Denton, of In- word "pension"] justifiable one minds of the Oswalds to whom they ap- diana on behalf of the Veterans of World group—and it isn't—why not for the other? This is the double standard ... at peal. War I, Inc., the bill that would pay $100 Communism has seized half the world a month pension to virtually all veterans the very heart of the veterans benefit by giving calculated direction to violent of the First World War. Using this bill scandal." puppets—and threatens the rest. It is re- as his center of evidence, banker Neilan Let's be very simple. We assume that markable that we have not had even more takes off with a broad brush after the bulk Mr. Neilan's bank pensions its employees extreme violence at the hands of red-nur- of the existing veterans benefit program on retirement. We hope it does. Why? If tured paranoia. and all organized veterans, with the usual the bank pensions its employees, why not extravagances, and the usual failure to the people walking by on the street too? FREE DOPE FOR ADDICTS? give any credit where credit is due to Why this "scandalous double standard" of Every now and then a cry arises in our responsible veteran leadership. favoring the bank employees but not the country to this effect: Referring to what he calls the "Won- "other group" of non-employees? There's "For the love of Pete, why don't we nies" bill (meaning World War Wonnies, a good answer. The bank employees are install the British system and put an end a nice epithet that we never heard in 1917 pensioned on the basis of past services to the illegal narcotics traffic in the United when enlistments were needed to fight in rendered to the bank. States?" France) he says: "Like most veterans' Now who wants to tell Mr. Neilan what "The British system" is supposed to be legislation, it is loosely written." This bill the corresponding record of service to the a system of free clinics where drug addicts may be somewhat loosely written, but federal government of war veterans has can get the doses they crave from the notice the tar on the brush in the first been, as distinct from non-veterans? Be government. half of the sentence. The American gentle, because when you explain it "the written bills, very heart of the veterans benefit scandal," The result is supposed to be ( 1 ) a com- Legion doesn't write loosely plete end to the criminal narcotics trade and we'd be glad to send a passel of our as spelled out by Mr. Neilan, goes up in as the government satisfies all the wants of draft bills to banker Neilan and the smoke. RBP

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 FOR YOUR INFORMATION The Doctrine of Common Sense

By NATIONAL COMMAN

National Commander Foley signed the folloiving editorial basing that hope altogether on the thrust of communist mili- a week before President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in tary and economic power. The communists believe as an Dallas, Tex., on Nov. 22. The murder of the President gives article of faith that human beings are incapable of governing tragic emphasis to Mr. Foley's warning that extremists are themselves—that a free society such as ours inevitably will

"modern anarchists" who, satisfied that they are right, ac- generate excesses and frictions that will destroy it. knotoledge no higher law than their own judgment. The citizen who defies the law or falsely demeans the

motives and authority of governmental institutions is helping AT a time of rapid change and recurring crisis in national Khrushchev's cause—not America's. The citizen who seeks . affairs, one factor remains constant. The loudest noise recourse to hatred or violence as the answer to the nation's and the most confused counsel continue to come from extrem- problems is turning away from an acceptable and workable ists. American solution. By extremists I mean those individuals who would save The American Legion has always asserted its right to speak America by forsaking its free institutions. I mean not just out vigorously and candidly on public issues. We've never communists and neo-fascists who openly assail our system shied away from controversy or from criticism of policies we but, more especially, those who, in the conviction that theirs believe to be wrong—and I am confident we will continue is the only right view, have lost sight of—and faith in—the on that course. At the same time, I assure you that our fundamental processes of self-government. criticism will be constructive and responsible. You know the type as well as I do. They claim to have the one true answer to every problem. They talk of setting The United States Supreme Court in recent years has aside the law when the law offends them. They are quick rendered decisions specifically in the areas of law en- to cry treason, slow to admit error, and indifferent to argu- forcement and religious expressions in schools, with which ments and facts that do not support their beliefs. They are The American Legion strongly disagrees. We formulated our not really leftists or rightists— but simplv modern anarchists— position in the democratic way—through discussion at the though many of them would be shocked at the idea. local, state and national levels. We've stated our views plainly There are two basic flaws in this brand of extremism. and with force, but without impugning the motives of those It violates the spirit and traditions of real Americanism. who disagree or attacking the authority and prestige of It seeks a course of action that is bound to fail. the courts. As Legionnaires we bow to no one in our concern and zeal We believe the national interest warrants increased Ameri- for the future security and greatness of America. Because we can efforts to neutralize and eliminate the communist regime are Legionnaires we share a special responsibility to observe in Cuba. But while insisting upon a new policy, we question and uphold the institutions which alone can be the means of the wisdom of our present policy, not the character and good realizing that future. faith of its architects. Now, more than ever before, Americans need to keep their We champion the needs of disabled and aging war veterans values in clear focus. Our resort must be to reason, not to whose past services are too soon forgotten by many of their emotion; to persuasion, not to violence; to perseverance, not countrymen. But our difference with those who oppose us to panic. It isn't necessary or desirable that we all think alike. is one of judgment, not of patriotism; and the best hope for It is essential that we espouse our differences reasonably our cause lies in education and persuasion, not vindictiveness. with good will and due regard for other opinions. This is the American way. It's the only way that works Honest disagreement honorably expressed cannot divide in a free society. Americans. But disagreement waged with weapons of fear By practicing responsible Americanism this American and hate and bad faith can cost us not only our unity but our Legion of ours has served as a stabilizing force in the nation's character and purpose as a free people. life. We stand today as a buffer against extremism of both the Abraham Lincoln in a previous era of strong feeling said, left and the right. This is a position in which every Legion-

"There is no grievance that is a fit object of redress by mob naire may take pride and which every Legionnaire should law." By the same token, there is no grievance now that consciously seek to strengthen. cannot be voiced and fairly met within the tested channels We neither need nor want rigid conformity. Nor can we of the democratic system. permit a few over-zealous and unreasoning individuals to I often wonder if those who advocate extremism really overbalance the common sense and judgment of the people. understand the enormity of their disservice to their country. Ours is a big country with big and perplexing problems. Nikita Khrushchev is fond of stating, as he did recently The answers do not come easily. They will not come at all if in the presence of visiting American businessmen, that the substantial numbers of Americans permit themselves to be capitalist system is headed for an early collapse. He's not led into extravagances of hate and fear.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 s

GERMANY: EUROPE'S BULWARK. CONGRESS VS. THE PRESIDENT.

U. S. SUGAR—WHERE?

U. S. policy for two decades has been aimed at PEOPLE AND QUOTES: preventing a communist takeover of Europ e ... To this end we set up the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe SPIRIT OF MOSCOW "From a poor country we out of the ashes ; the North Atlantic Treaty Organi- zation to strengthen Europe's defenses ... We have . . . become the second backed the Common Market to unify Europe economically, country in the world. We give capitalism another seven years, and—hopefully—politically ... . . Germany is the key- stone of this policy. then we will be first. It is as in- ." Germany's role has been re-emphasized in a statement evitable as the sunrise. . . of W. W. Rostow, chief of the State Department's Policy Premier Khrushchev of the Planning Council. U.S.S.R. The U.S. view is this: West Germany stands astride STEPS AND DOORSTEPS the balance of power in Europe . . . and is the greatest possible prize in the reds' drive for world "The map proves that we are not moving toward war with domination . . . Therefore the United States has sought to re-create Germany as a great democratic state the communists; they are moving war toward us. Each time . . . and as a bulwark of the new Europe. President Kennedy held firm to the policy— initi- we seek to disengage, they con- ated by President Truman, continued by President front us nearer home. Today Eisenhower—which aims for European unity, Atlantic they are on our doorstep." partnership, and joint efforts for world peace and James A. Farley, industrialist and ex-Postmaster General. prosperity. . . President Johnson will undoubtedly do the same. U.S. MAGINOT LINE? Beneath the daily din of battle in Washington, "Obviously, America cannot Line there ' a fundamental p ower struggle going on between retreat behind a Maginot the legislative and executive branches . . . Congress composed of intercontinental has been slowly expanding its power at the expense of ballistic missiles. Our military flexible, presidential authority . . . limiting executive freedom forces must be more of action by policing appropriations ... by cutting and flexibility requires a mix urgent requests for funds ... by clapping restric- of forces." Chairman Melvin tions on foreign aid ... by pigeonholing "must" Price (D-Ul.), House Research- legislation. Development Subcommittees.

This power struggle goes beyond party lines . . . In fact, some of our Presidents' thorniest foes have DEFENSE OF EUROPE been men of their own party and persuasion . . . "The United States . . . will Through its control over the U.S. pursestrings, not of its volition abandon Eu- Congress usually gets its way. rope. ... If our partners pursue protectionist trade policies and Congress not only is confronted with leftover 1963 decline to carry a proportion of issues, but must face up to revising the Sugar Act the military and foreign aid

. . . Americans will need around 10 million tons of burdens . . . the United States sugar this year . . . Most of it is squeezed out of will be left with no choice but beets from 25 states and from cane grown in Louisiana, to reduce its commitments." Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines Chairman J. W. Fulbright

. . . Formerly, one-third of U.S. consumption came (D-Ark.), Senate Foreign Re- from pre-Castro Cuba . . . With Cuba excluded as a lations Committee. sugar supplier the United States has had to scrabble for sugar all over the world to make up the can- RIGHTS vs. DUTIES celled Cuban quota. "In this time of needed em- Dilemma for Washington is how to assure adequate phasis on the rights of citizen- sugar for U.S. appetite, while keeping a lid on ship, we must not lose sight of prices, when global supplies are down due to Hurricane the responsibilities of citizen-

Flora's devastation, Castro Cuba's mismanagement, and ship. . . . We must be ready to

Russia's sugar beet failure . . . Also, there's much give—to contribute our time, sentiment here to "reserve" part of Cuba's one-time effort, counsel and money to the quota in the U.S. market so as to have it available to good of our neighbors and our provide economic help to Cuba when Fidel is top- communities." Sen. Hugh Scott pled. (R-Pa.) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 7 What hope for

An interview with HENRY L. GIORDANO COMMISSIONER OF THE BUREAU OF NARCOTICS By PETE MARTIN

American Legion Magazine suggested that I con- prisoners who are addicts has declined slowly but steadily Theduct a Question and Answer interview with the U.S. from a peak reached during the early twenties. Commissioner of Narcotics, to learn firsthand some- Strangely, during the era of the free clinics, narcotics ped- thing about dope addiction and control and pass it on to read- dling boomed. The quantity of illicit drugs seized in 1922 ers. Not much information about our nation's dope problem in New York State alone was equal to the total seized seems to reach the public unless it's sensational stuff and I throughout the United States 30 years later! Small wonder suspect that most people feel a real lack of knowledge on that everyone involved in those days, including the American this dread subject. Medical Association, recommended the abolition of the clin-

Before visiting the Commissioner I did some homework, ics, and continues today to regard outpatient treatment of so that I and readers could have a little background. addicts with a jaundiced eye.

The Federal Bureau of Narcotics is part of the Treasury Armed with background information assembled from con- Department just down the hall from another Treasury Bu- versations with the former Commissioner of Police of one reau with a vital interest in dope: the Bureau of Customs. of our largest cities, and from reading a fair amount of lit- Operating under a single Department, the two Bureaus can cooperate more effectively than if each belonged to separate The so-called British system of drug arms of the Federal Executive. control, often urged on us, is misunder- The Narcotics Bureau was established in 1930 as part of stood. British control today is not very the updating of the 1914 Harrison Act, America's first at- different from our own. We tried the tempt to deal with a dope addiction problem that had been free-dose system neur- growing steadily since the invention of the hypodermic nee- dle just before the Civil War. Many a Blue and Gray soldier, it/ fifty years ago and

1 learned, became addicted during wartime hospitalization; it made more prob- meanwhile, unscrupulous patent medicine manufacturers lems than it solved, in- "hooked" tens of thousands of civilians with medicine shows cluding new addicts. and clever advertising for quack remedies which frequently relied on habit-forming narcotics for "success" in curing prac- Fifty years ago it was estimated that tically everything. one out of every 400 Americans was a By the early 1900's it was estimated that nearly a quarter drug addict. Today it's only one in of a million Americans were dope addicts! That's one out 4,000. Stronger laws controlling the of every 400 citizens! And it was noted at the time that the availability drugs, and their en- greatest increases in addiction were occurring among women of and teenagers. Teddy Roosevelt's determination helped put forcement, made the chief difference. Addicts are a re- into law the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, and this was habilitation problem, but control of drugs must deal instrumental in eliminating patent medicines as a source of directly with control of traffickers. narcotics. But it wasn't until 1914 that Congress and the public were sufficiently aroused to push through the Harrison erature on the subject, I was ready to interview the Commis- Act, which was delayed in its implementation for several sioner of Narcotics, Henry L. Giordano. years by World War I. I entered his office knowing that in a series of Acts, Con- As early as 1919 the United States had some 50 city and gress has given his Bureau both a tremendous responsibility state clinics in 40 locations to "treat" addicts on an out- and a vast authority in the devilish area of narcotics abuse. patient or "visiting" basis. Though established with the most But, like the iceberg, eight-ninths of the narcotics problem humane and worthy motives, they proved a complete failure. was below the surface and invisible to a casual observer like Clinics were a bonanza to addicts who apparently could "name me. the dose" and get it free or nearly so, and many of the pa- Henry Giordano was named Commissioner in August 1962, tients were criminals with records. Others used the clinics as following 21 years service with the Bureau as agent, district cheap sources for drugs that they transported and sold to ad- supervisor, field supervisor, and assistant deputy commis- dicts elsewhere. By mutual consent of the city, state, and fed- sioner. Today he's 49. He was barely 20 when he graduated eral authorities involved, these clinics were discontinued in from the University of California with his Ph.G. and began the mid-twenties on the basis of apparently overwhelming seven years of practice as a registered pharmacist in San Fran- evidence. For instance, the number of addicted criminals ad- cisco. During his outstanding career with the Bureau, he has mitted to Sing Sing prison skyrocketed 900% between 1920 also taken on special assignments with a Congressional Sub- and 1923. Since the clinic closed, the number of Federal committee on Narcotics (as chief investigator), as a member

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 NARCOTICS CONTROL?

we discarded that system back in the twenties and are more inclined to grab the addicts and institutionalize them. G: The so-called British system has been discussed many times in this country—and tried as you mentioned—but there's really very little difference between the methods actually practiced today in England and those employed here. Dr. Granville W. Larimore and Dr. Henry Brill from New York State went over there to study British methods—one of them is the State Deputy Commissioner of Health, the other the Deputy Commissioner of Mental Health. When they came back they said in effect that they could find very little difference between the control method used in England and here. Our regulations and our laws were predicated on the fact that when the Harrison Act was enacted in 1914 there were at least 200,000 addicts in the United States. That's what brought about our attempt to cope with the problem on a federal basis. Britain has never made a real census of drug addiction. For three years they've published figures, indicating that they had 350 addicts, two years ago 400, and the last year 500.

Addiction to drugs does not make as many criminals as some people believe. Addiction is common among criminals, but in the majority of cases they were criminals

first and addicts after- ward. Prison statistics and state surveys tally

with our national figures on this matter.

The drug traffic is international, and we work with police overseas at the source of supplies to control the traffic. We have agents abroad in Rome, Paris, Marseilles, Istanbul, Beirut, Bangkok, Singapore, Mexico City and Monterrey. Huge seizures of drugs destined for the U.S. have been made by local police departments in foreign lands. Commissioner Giordano in his Bureau of Narcotics office.

of the U.S. delegation to the United Nations Commission This seems unrealistic when not long ago they tried and con- on Narcotic Drugs in Geneva, and as our alternate represen- victed a doctor for selling drugs to hundreds of addicts among tative to the U.N. Conference for the Adoption of a Single his "patients" alone! The only figures they have in the United Convention on Narcotic Drugs. Kingdom are when a doctor chooses to report them. Here is the enlightening talk I had with him: M: Five hundred seems a completely unrealistic figure to me. Just what is this British system? MARTIN: As a layman I feel that you are face to face with G: As far as we're concerned, there really isn't such a thing, a formidable thing, a criminal cancer well worth trying to even though everyone talks as if there is. The trouble is they cut out of the body politic. Is that about right? seem to have ignored the problem, apparently have refused

GIORDANO: Absolutely. to acknowledge it. Now in British Hong Kong, where they M: I'd like to begin by asking you about the difference be- have an accurate census, they admit having 200,000 to 250,- tween the American system and the English system of nar- 000 addicts, and it's a serious, sizable problem. The British have a growing cotics control. I understand that in England they have free marijuana problem at home, too. clinics for addicts to get their daily shot; while in this country M: How do they treat addicts? (Continued on page 33) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 9 Curious crowds gathered daily around the mouth of the cave where Collins was trapped. The Death of Floyd Collins

WIDE WORLD It was typical of the Nineteen Twenties

that the nation should make a lugubrious

carnival of a Kentucky cave tragedy.

By CLARENCE WOODBURY line and sinker for various isms, including Coueism, which had thousands of Looking back from the vantage otherwise sensible people muttering to point of the 1960's, it sometimes themselves: "Every day in every way I J appears that the 1920's in Amer- am getting better and better." ica were packed with a brilliant succes- The curious American tendency dur- sion of stirring events. Too often, how- ing the 1920's to become intensely con- ever, they were stirring only because the cerned about matters of less than world- E. Ogden broadcast bulletins from American people responded instantly to H. tho cave on amateur radio station just about any kind of stimuli in those 9-BRK. Photo was taken on the 17th day. days, and our susceptibility manifested itself in many strange ways. shaking importance was best illustrated, We gaped like country bumpkins at however, by the tidal wave of emotion- flagpole sitters, human flies and other alism which swept the country early in mountebanks, and gave hams of the si- 1925 when a young man got trapped in lent screen greater homage than we were a cave in Kentucky. His name was Floyd ever to bestow upon far more gifted stars Collins and no one outside his own baili- of the talkies and television. We wor- wick had ever heard of him, but almost shipped sports heroes to an extent never overnight he became the most talked before known and waxed maudlin over about, worried about and prayed for in- a Malemute dog, Balto, when we learned dividual in the United States. harrowing weeks, while he had played a leading role in pulling "Note crystal formations," remarked During two a sled containing antitoxin to diphtheria caption of this photo of Collins after frantic efforts were made to rescue Col- victims in Nome, Alaska. We went hook, ten days of his entrapment in the cave. lins and a prodigious amount of hubbub 10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 y

and confusion prevailed in a tent city It is almost impossible, indeed, to ex- paper offices and radio stations never which sprang up outside the cave, the aggerate the furor over Collins. After the stopped ringing with requests for infor- horror of his plight gripped the whole story of his entrapment hit the front mation. "Have they got him out yet?"

American people. In a figurative sense, pages it stayed there and stayed there. people wanted to know at first, then millions were buried alive with Floyd Newspaper editions were sold out as fast "How close are they to him now?" and, Collins, just as, later, millions were to as they came off the presses and radio finally, "Is there any chance the poor guy swim the English Channel with Gertrude news bulletins, which were just starting is still alive?" Ederle and fly the Atlantic with Charles to come into their own, were listened to During the two weeks that the excite- Lindbergh. as never before. The telephones in news- ment lasted, one New York newspaper sold an average of 100,000 more papers

daily than it usually did, and other papers in the big city picked up from 50,000 to 60,000 in circulation. Across the country

newspapers showed similar gains, and it io^ttn®(|^B0®^M has been estimated by authorities on fife newspaper sales that, with the exception of the three Lindbergh stories—Lindy's flight, the kidnaping of his child and the FROM COLLM trial of the kidnaper—the Floyd Collins ONLYlEW FEET story topped all other news stories between the two World Wars in sustained Tomorrow TRAP public interest. m Aside from the fact that the American people were much more susceptible to such events in the 1920's than they are today, there were other factors which contributed to making the Collins tragedy one of the great news stories of the

century. For one thing, it broke at a time when other news was humdrum to say the least. During the days immediately preceding Collins' entombment, the biggest front page headlines were given to the arrival of the dirigible Los Angeles from Germany, the resignation of J)AYINCrWE CELL Charles Evans Hughes as Secretary of \j NINTH ^eJr^ptTermon Over Engineers Radio With Message That Tomb _ "HIS MASTERS VOICE" RevealsJfatitrSs Moves

Orthophonlc ( } Tenor with violin Recording V J and gugutter CITY CAVE (^T^.^S'tS^Xt^ Death of Floyd Collins sleepy mu e today ° ' «„, straddled a „ f Floyd (Andrew Jenkins) and preach v ^ Vernon Dalhart lulls >%° the Kentucky , , he day . Drama most dramat.c sermo 1982 1-A Collins America's ^ ^ ^ setting and the because in Pf the hiU overlooking uttered "^'"J^et .MOO on simple words he ^ ^ pit. just ..tall, the turmoiled sm a sermon o{ people of the same p is The Victor record "The Death of Floyd of hope to that >fjFlo Collins the fatal sttc dogma Collins," long a sentimental favorite. U, laden with be God^rill^nd^he hves Pta.se dead it is ^ ^ his com- " were State, and the conviction of Charles R. — in the pit below joann, concuss.on of . the ^mfS ! T^ Forbes, former head of Veterans hP £l10 Att0ClPa mas £ Bureau, on charges of conspiring to de- fraud the Government. On the lighter side, there were pieces THE circulation of single newspapers soared by as much as about Gloria Swanson taking a third hus- 100,000 as Collins' plight commanded the national headlines day band and President Coolidge welcoming to the White House Miss Vada Watson, after day. Publicity seekers found that the news-hungry reporters at described as "the most beautiful girl in the cave mouth would let them share the headlines. At one time the Kansas and the handiest to have around crowds the curious the of numbered 10,000, held back from cave by a farm." The Collins story didn't have to the Kentucky National Guard. It was the fourth biggest news story compete with any news of a breathtaking in sustained public interest between World War 1 and World War 2. nature. (Continued on page 47) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 H By MEL HOLDEN

Shopping in Iran, an American tourist does a double-take when he sees a display of Lifegirl soap and Wrig- gler's chewing gum. In many other countries, Americans are arching eyebrows over such take-offs as: Everbright flashlight batteries, Vasalene hair tonic. Bond's cold cream. Hick's VapoRub, Goldgate tooth- paste, Parcher and P. Arker pens, and Sin- gle, Singef, and Sincere sewing machines, the last an ironic name indeed for a deceit. For deceits they all are. To the natives, Japanese imitation of U.S. Tiger brand there's nothing odd about this merchandise. cornstarch packaging is "Double Tiger" with two tigers on package. Recipe wording is almost identical.

These five imitation Parker pen designs were produced and exported from behind Red China's bamboo curtain. How

Numerous foreign food packagers trade on the reputation of Heinz's 57 varieties in world markets by imitating the Heinz label designs. Photo at left is the genuine Heinz ketchup label. Others are a few of many foreign imitations.

Package mimicry and outright faking of U.S. FAKE

goods is big business in world markets. American

The name twists usually escape them, dollars each year, it is now estimated. Products because package colors and designs clev- Imitation may be the sincerest form erly mimic the well-known American of flattery, but this is one kind Americans products they are patterned after. To the can do without. hoodwinked natives, these bogus brands Campbell Soup Co. finds many foreign are those famous American products. imitations of its packaging and label- In Asia and Africa especially, where ing. Coca-Cola has been infringed "hun- most consumers aren't acquainted with dreds of times," giving no pause to its our Camel label, in that palm trees, English, they look for packages with trademark attorneys. H. J. Heinz Co., pyramids and camels seem to find their familiar colors and designs, not for brand famous for "57 varieties," is vexed by way onto the package." names. many overseas varieties on its label for When imitations deluge an area, sales

Some imitators don't even bother to which it never bargained. Smokers may of the original usually nose dive. Imita- change the name. Among foreign-made walk a mile for what looks like a Camel tions can bomb an American reputation products that exactly counterfeit the —and wish they'd stayed home after that was decades in the building. originals are: Quaker Oats cereal (Vene- one drag on an imitation. Often counterfeit wares are shockingly zuela), Arrow shirts (Hong Kong), A ruse of some of the more jittery inferior in quality. "Imitations of well- Vick's inhalers (India), and Ford and racketeers is illustrated by the phony known auto parts," says a Ford Motor Chevrolet auto parts and Singer sewing Camels. Their caper is to warp a par- Co. official, "usually are completely sub- machines (all in Japan). ticular brand name just enough to dodge standard in all specifications. Some have Around the globe, hundreds of opera- legal action, but not enough to keep from stood up for as little as 15 miles." tors, swamping many countries with pre- flummoxing customers. Comments at- In Italy, columnist Art Buchwald of tended American products, are nicking torney Robert D. Rickert of R. J. the New York Herald Tribune crossed American manufacturers and exporters Reynolds Tobacco Co.: "Many foreign a peddler's palm with 3,000 lire and to the staggering tune of a billion or more brands of cigarettes strikingly resemble coaxed him to disclose some professional

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 DART

X>AJRT

Which is the phony Arrow shirt label? The Ambassador from Nationalist China bought the one at left in Leb- anon. But the one at the right is the real U.S. product.

Singer sewing machines have had not only their design, but their name, imitated by the "Sincert," above, made in Greece; the Japanese "Singer,"top right; and the"Sin- Buy "SINCERE" and be Sincere cere," made in India to sell for 280 ru- pees "deluxe," with foot pedal operation. MADE IN INDIA

V-'* V" V

^ :

w •) -JU i.(!-nii«f)TM whim am cum an amm nSf «•«» CUSS Tt f_L All flN

rattftV COKtlNFSUL C0»II«£»t«l C0Nt»t«T»l C0»II»E«ll COKIIKEIHH MRCil BtfBOCE EJiaLLO fllTO FIHETIY

The two right hand packages are genuine Vicks Vapo- rub and cough drop containers. The other three are imitations of Vicks, all emanating from Pakistan.

NEW METHOD

Here are 30 of a total of 50 overseas imitations of Zippo lighters, which the Zippo firm calls "gravy train riders." Firm says 46 million were sold here in 1959, riding on Zippo fame, design and promotion.

"II

VIRGINIA

T T t. c.

Parker's Quink fountain pen ink R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. was successful in above. At right, four foreign getting Vietnam's "Lacda's" copyright infringe- packaging imitations. Shane, at ment halted out of court. Lacda means camel. least, did not mimic the name while aping the package. secrets. The peddler's wares were imitation Parker pens. melt. He got mad so I go away fast." "How long will this pen write?" Buch- Foreign consumers taken in by one wald asked. shoddy piece of counterfeit merchandise "Sometimes 24 hours, but one never are only too prone to conclude that knows. One time fellow brought pen "other American items" may be a good

back and said it only wrote two hours. deal less than first-rate. This plays hob His hand was all covered with ink. The with the reputations of America's proud-

trouble was, bottom part is made of hard est brand names.

wax. If you let it get hot the wax melts This situation is one of the big, but and the ink spills out. I told him he little-known reasons why Uncle Sam is should hold his hand so the wax will not (Continued on page 54)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 13 The Original Man Without a Country

A rebellious Ohioan was the model for Hale's fictional Philip Nolan.

By TOM MAHONEY bids you, though the service carry you through a thousand hells. No matter Amid the many concerns of the what happens to you, no matter who Civil War 100 years ago, Ameri- flatters you or who abuses you, never cans first read "The Man Without look at another flag, never let a night pass a Country." That famous short story re- but you pray God to bless that flag." counted the life, anguish and death of "The Man Without a Country" made a soldier named Philip Nolan, con- Hale as a writer. The Atlantic magazine, demned to lonely exile aboard ship be- which had paid him $50 per contribu- cause he cursed the United States and tion, increased this to $150 and begged said he wished never again to hear the him to write oftener. Ticknor and Fields name of his country. A combination of of Boston first published it in book form circumstances launched the narrative on in 1865. Editions by many other pub- a remarkable career. lishers followed and Hale had to win

It first appeared in the December 1 863 suits against two firms to establish his issue of The Atlantic Monthly, then only copyright. He lived to write a foreword six years old. It was unsigned but the for a special Spanish-American War re- magazine's semiannual index in the issue printing and collected royalties on per- revealed the author as the Rev. Edward haps 1 million copies before his death Everett Hale, a Boston Unitarian minis- at 87 in 1909. These royalties enabled ter and member of a patriotic and dis- him to maintain a salty independence. tinguished New England family. When he became Chaplain of the U.S. His great uncle, Nathan Hale, had Senate late in life, for example, a visitor been the Revolutionary War hero who asked him if he prayed for the Senators. regretted that he had but one life to lose "No," answered Hale. "I look at the Clement Laird Vallandigham, Ohio poli- for his country. An uncle, Edward Ever- Senators and pray for the country!" tician, who was exiled from the Union. ett, shared the platform at Gettysburg Hale's passionate tale lives on. It is with Lincoln. A brother published the included in countless anthologies, has Boston Advertiser and The Rev. Mr. been reprinted in many languages, in Pit- Hale was writing pieces for The Atlantic man and Gregg shorthand, and in Monthly in support of the war effort. He Braille. It has been dramatized and made said the story was a fictional warning against the disloyal ideas of a well-known The Man Civil War politician, then in exile. This gave "The Man Without a Coun- without a Country try" some initial notoriety. So did the Br fact that some people believed the story Edward Everett Hale true, an American version of "The Man in the Iron Mask." Hale knowingly used With an Introduction by CaklVan Dore the name of the Levant, a U.S. corvette and Illustrations bv Eowaub A. Wilson that vanished in the Pacific two years earlier, and inadvertently gave his hero the name of an adventurer killed by

Spanish authorities in Texas in 1 801 . His relatives complained to Hale and he eventually wrote a novel, "Philip Nolan's Friends," largely to please them. But what made the story a sensation was its patriotic appeal in wartime. For young men fighting to preserve the Union The Heritage Press there was poignant meaning in the hero's New York words to the midshipman: "And for your country, boy, and for that flag, never Hale's story, written in 1863, was Author Hale. He purposely wrote the dream a dream but of serving her as she still going strong in 1936 (above). story as a "caution to Vallandighams." 14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 Vallandigham, exiled, being delivered to the Confederacy on the Shelbyville, Tenn., Pike.

into a motion picture. World Wars I and any new law and specifically allowing nation for governor. He continued to II brought forth fresh printings. It went secession. He denounced the abolition- speak. "The war is a bloody and costly to more than 20 million readers within ists, and stopped at Harper's Ferry after failure," the bearded man argued a few months when This Week, the Sun- the famous raid there and attempted to sonorously. "The dead, the dead, the day newspaper supplement, Collier's and obtain from captive John Brown the numerous dead: think of Fredericks-

Coronet all reprinted it during the names of his Northern supporters. burg. Let us make peace. Let the armies Korean War. "No story better expresses Vallandigham called Lincoln "a des- fraternize and go home." With this sort the spirit of American nationalism," pot." With Lincoln's inauguration, the of talk, Union enlistments declined. wrote Clifton Fadiman in a foreword. Ohioan became spokesman in Congress To combat it, the commander of the Forgotten is the fact that the central for the Copperheads. Adapted from the Army's Department of Ohio, Maj. Gen. figure, an American exiled for turning name of a poisonous snake that strikes Ambrose Everett Burnside, who had against his country, had an original. He without warning, this was a derogatory been defeated at Fredericksburg and was was Clement Laird Vallandigham, a term applied to Northerners who op- sensitive about it, issued General Order handsome, eloquent, enigmatic, vain posed the war. Some of these gave it No. 38 on April 13. This said "all per- Ohio lawyer who was one of President another basis by wearing as lapel pins sons found within our lines who commit Lincoln's headaches. A preacher-brother the then current large copper cents show- acts for the benefit of the enemies of our described Vallandigham as "a man of ing the head of the Goddess of Liberty. country will be tried as spies or traitors, iron will, of unflinching courage, of in- In one speech after another, Vallan- and, if convicted, will suffer death." It domitable energy." He was born in New digham accused Lincoln of "wicked and also warned: "The habit of declaring Lisbon, Ohio, and practiced law in Day- hazardous experiment," various "usur- sympathy for the enemy will not be alton but his family had moved to Ohio pations of power" and with "contemp- lowed in this department. Persons com- from Virginia. His wife was the daughter tuously" violating the Constitution by mitting such offenses will be at once of a Maryland planter. He had many ties suspending the writ of habeas corpus. arrested, with a view to being tried as with the South and sympathized with the Seven resolutions were introduced de- above stated, or sent beyond our lines slave owners. manding Vallandigham's expulsion from into the lines of their friends." On the eve of the Civil War, Vallan- Congress. These failed. In the fall of Vallandigham defied the order and digham was 40 years old and represented 1862, however, a hostile Ohio Legisla- publicly tore up a copy. When he an- the Third Ohio District in Congress. He ture added strongly Republican Warren nounced a big anti-war rally at Mount was a Peace Democrat. He believed County to Vallandigham's district. Vernon, Ohio, for May 1 , Burnside sent states had a right to secede and an- Though he polled more votes than before Captains John A. Means and H. R. Hill nounced he would not vote a dollar to in the rest of the district, the Gerry- there in civilian clothes. The local news- prevent them. He proposed to amend mander defeated him. paper reported "a profusion of butter- the Constitution to divide the country He returned to Ohio in the spring of nuts and liberty or copperhead pins, into four sections, giving each a veto on 1863 and sought the Democratic nomi- (Continued on page 40) THE AMERI N LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 15 WASHINGTON OPPOSING VIEWS ON CONGRESSIONAL TENURE BY

SHOULD CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE BE YES

Rep. Thomas B. Curtis (R-Mo.) people elected him each time. He would then have 2nd District to sit out two years before he would once again be for election. But, in addition to the ad- The quality of the work of eligible the Congress and, as a re- vantages noted above, there are further benefits to be gained from applying this system to the Congress. sult, the functioning of our individual of federal government would be First, it would give the Member improved by requiring Con- Congress a chance to get out gracefully. If he to continue a political career, it give gressmen to take two years wished would him an opportunity to get acquainted with his con- off after 12 consecutive years stituents, and to get his feet back on the ground. of service before they could In these days of nearly year-round sessions of Con- once again run for a seat in the Congress. gress it is difficult for a Member of Congress to keep This idea is not as novel as it might at first seem. in close touch with his people and represent them The sabbatical, or seventh year leave, is common well. It would also give him the chance to reflect in our institutions of higher learning. It permits on national issues from the day-to-day pres- professors a chance to recharge their batteries. away sures of lawmaking. And it is catching hold in other fields. Corpora- Second, it would break the chain of seniority tions are using it as a way to refresh their execu- which now concentrates power in the hands of Con- tives, and community charities are putting the idea gressmen from safe districts whose re-election is into use with their boards of directors. guaranteed. Posts of leadership, such as committee The way limited tenure is employed by charities chairmanships, would be rotated and would gravi- and business gives a good example of the advantages tate more to ability than political long-livedness. it offers. It attracts top caliber people to serve by Finally, the man who really wishes to continue letting them know their tenure is limited; they are in public service, and whose constituents wish to not trapped, there is a graceful way for them to step be represented by him, will be able to return re- down after giving a certain number of years of freshed and give another 12 years service in the service. It requires rotation so that "deadwood" Congress. directors can be eased out tactfully, without bruised feelings, when their terms are up. And, in those cases in which the individual maintains a high interest in serving with this charity or organization and it wants him back, he can be named to a new series of terms once the period of required leave has run. It would work much the same way in the Con- gress. A Senator or Representative could serve 12 consecutive years—two consecutive terms in the Senate or six consecutive terms in the House if the

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel

on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 —

REP. THOMAS B. CURTIS, MO., AND REP. HALE BOGGS, LA.

LIMITED TO 12 CONSECUTIVE YEARS ? NO

Rep. Haie Boggs (D-La.) said that if the people of a Congressional district were 2nd District wise, they would carefully pick a good man as their Congressman, and then elect and re-elect him term |o, Congressional service after term, because the longer a good man serves, the N should not be limited to 12 service he can render to his people and country. consecutive years for a number better 3. government never has all the good men and of reasons: Our women it needs. We need more and more talented 1. Governing the most power- people who are willing to dedicate their lives to public ful and the most prosperous na- service. tion on earth—a nation of 190 I am afraid that this proposal would discourage million people—and the leader people from considering public service in the Congress of the Free World—is perhaps the most difficult task as career. If a knows that he will not be allowed being undertaken by any group of men in the world a man to remain in Congress more than 12 consecutive years, today. he probably would be reluctant to give up his liveli- As a result, the complex problems confronting the hood to go to Congress in the first place. Members of Congress are hard to grasp. The intricacies 4. This idea of limiting public service is not a new of international affairs, the problems of the nuclear age, one. In the early of our nation, our forefathers the conservation of our natural resources, the com- days tried it. Under the Articles of Confederation, delegates plexities of urban congestion—these are but a few of to the Continental Congress could not serve for more the complicated fields in which the Congress must than three out of six consecutive years. This de- make decisions on which the future of the United States any prived the Congress of the able services of such dele- depends. Wisdom comes in large measure from ex- gates as Madison and others, thus impairing perience; of experience, of wisdom, we never have James enough. seriously the work of the Congress. the Founding Fathers drafted our present To deprive the nation of the service of our wisest, When most competent and most knowledgeable lawmakers Constitution, some delegates proposed to make members of Congress ineligible for re-election. Remember- at the end of 12 years service seems very detrimental ing the unhappy experience of the Continental to our national welfare. Con- gress, the Founding Fathers rejected this idea without 2. No business, industry, college or other institution debate or dissent. in our country would adopt a personnel policy which I think that should continue to respect the wis- said, "after each employee has been here 12 years we of their decision. just long enough to have achieved thorough familiarity dom with his work—he must be discharged for two years before being given an opportunity to return, and then only in a junior capacity once again." Yet this is exactly what this proposal would mean for the U. S. Congress. The late Speaker of the House Sam Rayburn often

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I have read in The American Legion Maga- IN MY OPINION CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE SHOULD SHOULD NOT

zine for January the arguments in PRO & BE LIMITED TO 12 CONSECOTIVE YEARS.

CON: "Should Congressional Service Be SIGNED ADDRESS Limited to 12 Consecutive Years? TOWN STATE

i __l THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 19 —

This is the last of 11 four pari series on "The Piny of the Hand." Previous parts: July, Part I —Playing No- FUNDAMENTALS OF BRIDGE By William S. Root Trump Contracts: August, Part II —Playing Trump Con- tracts: September, Part III -Defense, the Opening Lead.

you don't want to let your partner Ifdown, you must learn "defensive signals." The card you play can give The Play your partner important information such as which suit you want him to lead, whether or not you hold any high cards in a particular suit, etc. of the Hand Of course, these signals won't work unless both you and your partner know Part IV — Defense, After Lead what they mean and pay attention to each The Opening other's cards as they are played. The more defensive signals you play, the more contracts you will beat. But some signals are complicated, and it is advisable that you learn the easy ones first. The following deal shows the most basic of all signals (even a beginner must learn it). Also shown is one that is used by more experienced players. Were you aware of either?

North (Dummy)

A J 8 7 V K J 10 5 Q 4 2 * Q 7 3 West East * AR 10 4 2 A 93 V 8 4 V 7 2 * A 10 8 KJ65 clarer can draw the trumps and eventual- Aside from your partner's signals, * 6 5 4 * J 10 9 8 2 ly discard one of his losing diamonds on there are other sources from which you South (Declarer) dummy's club queen. He will then lose can derive important information. They 6 5 A Q only five tricks and make his contract. are: A Q 9 6 3 V Since East does not know his partner Remember the bidding. For example, 9 7 3 holds the ace diamonds, how does he * A K of if the declarer bid strongly in two suits, know to risk leading away from his king you know that he is short in the other (he will lose a trick if declarer holds the two suits. The contract is two hearts. West leads diamond ace), rather than the apparent- Watch your partner's opening lead. the spade king. ly safe lead of a club? The answer is, his For example, a low card is usually led East signals by playing the nine of partner signaled him to lead a diamond. from a long suit, probably with a high spades on the first trick. [When you play The signal came when West led his card at the top of it; a middle card, such the highest card you can spare, it is a sig- highest remaining spade, the ten, at trick as an eight or nine, usually means that nal for your partner to continue leading three, rather than a low spade. West the leader has a short suit with no card the suit; but never signal with a very high knew by East's high-low signal that he higher than the one he led. card if it might cost your side a trick. was going to trump the third spade lead, Study the dummy as soon as it is put When you play your lowest card, it is a and the lead of his highest remaining down. As soon as the dummy is exposed, signal for your partner to switch suits, spades was a "suit preference signal." a good defender always makes an ap- or continue leading the same suit at his The size of the card West leads indi- praisal of how many tricks the declarer own risk.] cates suit he prefers his partner which is apt to lose in each suit. So West continues with the ace of back. If the card he leads is un- to lead Suppose you are East defending spades and East plays the three. [High- necessarily high, his partner is requested against a four spade contract in the follow is a signal to continue leading the to lead back the higher ranking of the lowing deal: suit a third time. Low-high would be a other two suits (there are only two suits signal for partner to switch suits, or con- to choose between, other than the suit North (Dummy) tinue the same suit at his own risk.] being led and the trump suit); and if 6 4 West then leads the ten of spades and the card he leads is his lowest, his part- A A Q 2 East trumps. East now has the lead. If he ner is requested to lead back the lower V 7 3 leads back a low diamond, West can win ranking of the other two suits. A J 7 2 the ace and return another diamond. The Before going a step further, let me em- * A Q East diamond queen in dummy is then phasize that you should always play to trapped—East will get two tricks with beat the contract one trick. It is nice to A 10 2 his king-jack of diamonds and set the beat a hand three or four tricks, but not V A 10 8 4 contract one trick. if in the course of doing so you take such K 9 8 4 If East leads back a club or a trump a big chance that the contract may be * K 9 4 at trick four, instead of a diamond, de- made against you. West opens (Continued on page 39)

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JAN UARY 1964 REDS TO BE REPUBLICANS, DEMOCRATS IN '64 THEN CREATE A THIRD PARTY? A Guest Editorial

By Marshall Peck, New York Herald-Tribune staff writer

The u.s. Communist Party has laid it down in ments that can be built and crystalized—this is the black and white that the reds have determined bull's-eye we should strike for. that they will work within the framework of the two- "These movements," he said, "need the attention party system in the 1964 elections, though the Re- and support from the serious Left which will help publican and Democratic parties have made it plain them become more cohesive and build a larger base." that communists will be uninvited and unwelcome guests in either party. Looking beyond 1964, the com- Feeling that both major parties should be given a munists envision being the power behind a new major chance to defend themselves against Mr. Hall's third party in the United States. They would pry loose gate crashing, we asked the Republican and Demo- "labor," "farmers," "Negroes," and "other sections cratic National Committees to take the floor for a of the people" from Republican and Democrat affil- minute. The Democrats said they'd be glad to do with- iation, and jockey them into a new party that is out communist support, and the Republicans said they not to seem to be the old Communist Party but one wouldn't think of taking advantage of Hall's "prefer- that it hopes to control. ence" for the Democrats.

In back of it all, of course, is the virtual death of From Democratic National Committee Headquar- an open Communist Party in the U.S. except as an ters, this: "We don't want their support. We have admitted agent of a foreign power. The Subversive made it very clear what they're attempting to do in Activities Control Act of 1950 required the Com- this country. We make a vigorous effort to prevent munist Party in this country to register as a foreign any infiltration by communists or their sympathizers." agent. After 11 years of legal maneuvering, a Su- From Republican National Committee Headquar- preme Court decision of June, 1961, upheld it. Since ters, this: "The communist philosophy has no place they are unwilling to admit openly that they are really in either of the two major parties. The statements at- the Soviet Union Party, that leaves the communists tributed to Gus Hall, which hint at some affinity be- nowhere to go except to tie themselves to existing tween the Democrat and communist points of view, genuine U.S. political parties for the time being. afford us a wide open opportunity which we do not The Communist Party formula for the 1964 elec- choose to exploit." tions, laid down in a manifesto statement last sum- A Justice Department spokesman in Washington, mer by Gus Hall, the party's leading U.S. spokesman, asked about the Hall manifesto, said it was a clearcut has been the subject of much attention in Communist indication of the Communist Party's determination Party journals. "to attach themselves to any organization." Specifically citing the 1964 elections, the Hall statement said that the Party should give special attention Hall looked ahead to a major third party, which to the political situation in each state. "Decisions must the communists might control, in these typical be made," he said, "as to Negro candidates, peace communist phrases: candidates and labor candidates (and) the Left should "Unity on the Left is further needed for the de- single out specific ultra-Right officials for defeat." velopment of new forms of independent political In other words, the Party members and their sym- action outside the present two-party system. This also pathizers are under orders to vote the major party calls for serious attention to all developments which tickets in the 1964 elections, and to work against and contribute to the formation of a new political party, vote against the candidate deemed less favorable to the one which enters the scene as a new major party in reds, even if they are not really for his opponent. which labor has a leading role in alliance with the

In an article in the Communist Party organ, The Negro peoples, the farmers and other . . . people. Worker, Hall noted that some native reds disagree "The fact that this development does not now ap- with these tactics. He said that any communist who pear to be on the agenda for 1964 does not lessen the did not want to vote for major party candidates, or need for attention to this, and for some common ap- did not want to vote at all, was wrong, because Len- proach to it by the forces of the Left." inist theory supported "utilization of differences within Ultimately, he told his followers, "the two-party the capitalist class." system, composed of two capitalist-dominated parties, The Republican Party, as far as the reds are con- will come to an end. This is inevitable." cerned, is the party of extreme reaction, and the Dem- The communists can only bring a very small vote ocratic Party, in the communist viewpoint, has also of their own to bear within the two-party system in shifted to the right on some points, Hall claimed. But, 1964. But as speakers and writers, ostensibly speaking he went on, "most of the people's political movements as "ordinary citizens" for or against major party candi- attempt to express their electoral will through the dates, they may attempt to influence many more votes Democratic Party." than they can cast themselves. Let the voters beware He added: "That most of the broad people's politi- of whose political opinions they listen to in '64, lest cal movements are in the orbit of the Democratic there be wolves in sheep's clothing supporting Demo-

Party is not what we should split hairs over . . . there crats and Republicans whose real motive is to wreck are working people and working class political move- both their houses. the end

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 21 men—Jack Dingley and Sid- Twoney Moore of Georgia—recently spent what many people would call an unusual night, even though their ac- tions were not unusual. They ate a meal, chatted, and even napped during the long dark hours. The only thing unusual was the fact that they were sharing a small The Search for cage with a pair of deadly rattlesnakes. Another man, completely engulfed in a light-weight diving suit composed of gray-green rubber and consisting of boots and trousers in a single unit, a hooded Pest Repellents shirt with a face opening, gloves, a face mask, and breathing equipment, walks through some of the worst swamps in Florida but never gets in water over his Making bugs and varmints stay away, without knees. Thousands of miles away, in Cali- fornia, a woman coaxes her dog to take a small white pill. While the dog resists killing them, is a growing branch of research. the pill, employees of a timber company are soaking pine seeds in a pungent chemical bath before painting them silver. By JACK B. KEMMERER

methods for the contiol of insects and In addition, we cannot even estimate the animals through the use of chemical re- cost in human life and illness spread by

pellents. The scientists' aim is to develop animals and insects that carry diseases. substances so repulsive to pests that they Controlling wild animals is entirely will leave and stay away from areas different from controlling insects. Gen-

treated with such substances. Lately, in- erally it is not desirable, or legal, to kill numerable new repellents have been of- many types of animals, and usually any fered to the public—guaranteed to get effort to control them quickly starts a rid of almost any unwanted creature raging controversy. Repellents are one of the best methods

PHOTO BY THE AUTHOR for protecting animals while still protecting property. The new approach seems to be that if you can't kill them, at least get them off your property, even if they only move next door!

Commercial pest repellents being tested in a commercial laboratory.

Sound like a few crazy people on the loose? Not at all. At least, not when you know what they're doing. Despite their widely diversified activities, they're all Preparations to make mosquitoes stay engaged in a common task, using animal away are the most familiar repellents. repellents.

The two Georgians are betting their from flies to fleas and from sharks to lives on the effectiveness of a new snake skunks. repellent; the man in Florida is helping In the United States alone, according scientists solve the question of why mos- to estimates of experts in the Department quitoes bite some people quicker and of Agriculture, our insect pests take a more often than others; the California toll each year of more than $4 billion woman is merely giving her dog a pill in damage to crops and buildings. And, that will keep fleas and ticks from mak- although you don't hear nearly as much ing a home on his body; and the timber about them, the antics of our wild ani- company employees are testing a new mals are equally destructive to man's method that will make hungry birds and property. Many animals that we consider rodents leave timber seeds alone. "friendly," such as birds, rabbits, deer They are involved in growing efforts and squirrels, destroy several billion dol- A French poodle gets an anti-flea to discover new, better and cheaper lars worth of food and property yearly. pill from a Los Angeles veterinarian.

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 Testing a snake repellent, Jack Dingley and Sidney Moore spend an untroubled evening in a cage with two rattlesnakes.

Actually, insects and other animal suit. Would the mosquitoes recognize the pests have long been a problem and many moving object as a food source? repellents have been available for years. A 150-foot hose drained off the man's The big boost came with the outbreak breath, containing carbon dioxide, and of World War 2 when our fighting men his normal body odors remained inside required protection in those sections of the diving suit. The results were not too the world where animal life ran rampant illuminating. "We still don't know —usually carrying numerous diseases. enough about mosquitoes." said Dr. Car- The Department of Agriculture's En- roll N. Smith, the Orlando station's di- tomology Research Division at Orlando, rector. Nevertheless, he added, the scien- Fla., has long played an important role tists concluded that mosquitoes are at- in the development of insect repellents. tracted to man by "moisture, carbon The USDA began to investigate mos- dioxide, heat, color and movement." quito repellents at Orlando in 1942 to These facts came to the foreground: "An provide information for the armed serv- active, perspiring, heavy breathing man ices who were beginning to operate in in a flashy sport shirt is almost sure to almost every part of the world. Soon, arouse some mosquitoes' appetites." requests pouring in from the front lines The Navy, too, has a keen interest in of operations forced the studies to be ex- repellents. Their interest is not directed tended to other insects and animals. so much toward insects as it is toward The Armed Forces Pest Control Board An arm in treated stocking is offered man-eating marine animals—namely, the and the Army Environmental Health to a cageful of mosquitoes in a test. shark. Laboratory continue to maintain close The use of shark repellents and ap- liaison with the scientists at Orlando on peasers has had a long history of failures. evaluation studies now being made. ing rain." Oddly, this repellent was made In the early 18th century, Mediterranean One repellent, first synthesized at the available to the public even before the sailors cast their bread upon the sea to department's Beltsville, Md., labora- Army started using it. It can be found on prevent shark attacks. The only notice- tories, was further developed and tested shelves under various names such as Off, able effect was well-fed sharks and hun- at Orlando, and has become a com- Mosquitone, and Black Flag. gry sailors. mercial success. Called Deet, its chemi- Insect scientists are also trying to dis- One of the worst mass shark attacks cal name is diethyltoluamide, and the cover why insects seem to prefer some on record took place in 1942 when the insect scientists have declared that it is humans more than others. This informa- troopship Nova Scotia was torpedoed the best all-around insect chaser they tion, they believe, would aid in develop- at night off the coast of South Africa. A have ever found against mosquitoes, ing a repellent that could be taken oral- thousand men were lost, many of them ticks, fleas, and chiggers. ly. Unfortunately, they have had no suc- presumably to sharks. Next morning, nu- The Army, which paid most of the de- cess as yet. merous legless bodies were found floating velopment costs, is now using it in the One of their latest experiments in- in the water. field. Deet, the Army says, "will keep volved the man previously mentioned What exactly stimulates a shark to at- bugs away even in sweltering jungles and who was tramping through Florida's tack a human being? No one really it won't wash off skin or clothes in driv- mosquito-infested swamps in a diving knows despite the fact that many theories

THE AMERI N LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 23 —

THE SEARCH FOR PEST REPELLENTS Inc., of Griffin, Ga., to test their new their precious water supplies; also, Cali- (Continued from previous page) repellent, Snake Stop. This repellent is fornia farmers have discovered that a granular material, which, when sifted Z.I. P. will keep rabbits out of their in- have been advanced. If we knew, a suc- onto the floor or ground creates an area viting vegetable fields. cessful repellent could probably be de- which snakes will not invade or cross. DuPont Co., maker of Arasan, has veloped. According to its manufacturers, while already found numerous uses for this re-

Snake Stop will kill snakes on only brief pellent and is now testing it against After more than 100 undersea shark contact, it is harmless to children and woodpeckers. This bird habitually chips . encounters, Jacques Yves Cousteau, pets when spread on the ground. holes in telephone poles. To date, Ara- author of "The Silent World," the skin This unique new product was invented san has been used mainly to protect divers' bible, limits himself to two con- by Dr. James H. Jenkins, Associate Pro- crops and seed from birds and rodents. clusions: better "The acquainted we be- fessor of Wildlife Management at the Farmers have had good luck with it in with sharks, the less come we know of University of Georgia. Dr. Jenkins is keeping rabbits and squirrels out of their them; and tell one can never what a shark widely known as coinventor of the nico- fields. Timber farms use it to coat pine is to going do." tine darts which are fired from a rifle to seeds, thus permitting seeding directly on It is known that sharks are undiscrim- render wild animals unconscious, ena- the ground without having to worry inating scavengers and will swallow al- bling the hunter or veterinarian to cap- about birds and field mice eating the most anything. Sea turtles, sea lions, ture the animal for study or treatment. seeds. birds, fish, lobsters, garbage, coal, and Snake Stop, a combination of eight Until now, all planting of pine forests people been in their have found stom- ingredients, works through the slow had to be through transplanting of achs. Sharks just bite swallow, and and evaporation of these ingredients, which nursery-grown seedings, a costly under- apparently can store food in their bellies in turn are extremely offensive to rep- taking averaging about $14 per acre. Di- for days or weeks without digesting it. tiles. It reacts on snakes through their rect seeding from a helicopter reduces Despite these facts, the U.S. Navy is- sense of smell, and repels them because the planting costs to about $6 per acre. sued a training manual during World their highly sensitive organs cannot stand Some timber growers, in addition to 2 which played the War down menace it. In addition, it affects the snakes' nerves using Arasan coating, are painting their of the shark. A national magazine ran as the reptiles crawl on the treated sur- seeds with aluminum paint—which to a an article debunking the shark and pic- face and somehow produces a sense of bird looks very unappetizing. tured it as being cowardly—easy to scare great fear within them. Many people have had considerable away with a loud shout or slap on the The same company has come out with trouble with bats invading the attics of nose. These notions are completely false. a new product, Dog Repellent, that their homes. A friend of mine inherited Because sharks have killed thousands could earn the gratitude of every mail- this problem when he bought an old of people, amateurs and experts alike man in the country. This new repellent, country house in Pennsylvania's Pocono have proposed all sorts of schemes and which gives personal protection from dog Mountains. He tried everything he could devices to repel them. attacks, comes in a small round con- think of to get rid of the bats, including

In World War 2, the Navy developed tainer that fits easily in a pocket and is using them as targets, but nothing Shark Chaser to protect a sailor on a operated by a push button. Spraying di- worked. He could find no commercial raft. This repellent contains copper ace- rectly into the dog's face repels him in- bat repellent, but was told to try naph- tate, a chemical which sharks are sup- stantly. thalene moth flakes. He spread five to posed to dislike, but there is little evi- Long a major problem in many states ten pounds of the flakes over the bats' it is effective. dence that A more effective is the damage done each year by deer roosting area. They quickly departed and ingredient in Shark Chaser is a dye called and any attempt to wipe them out brings have not returned. nigrosine. This spreads a blue-black a tremendous howl of wrath from almost cloud in the water that has kept single every direction. The next most effective great deal of research is now being sharks from moving in on swimmers. thing to shooting deer is to get them out A conducted in the field of preventing The Navy is currently at work on a of an area. Various mechanical devices biting pests from biting. One approach is new product that may help protect swim- for repelling deer have been tested. a search for a pill to make the proposed mers against carnivorous and noxious Among these have been kerosene flares, victim—human or animal—unappetiz- marine animals. If successful, the study various other types of lights (both steady ing to the biter. Some success has been would lead to increased safety for sur- and intermittent), carbide exploders, and realized with a pill, now available for vivors of shipwrecks and aircraft acci- high frequency sound. While some of dogs, that discourages fleas and ticks dents, rescue parties and marine salvage these measures seem effective for a short from staying on their bodies. To date, workers, as well as skin divers and swim- period, the deer soon become accus- however, similar pills for humans and mers. tomed to them and lose their fear of such cattle have realized very little success. The toxin under intensive research, measures. Plant scientists have had better luck called holothurin, is secreted by crea- Chemical repellents seem to be the and are developing plants that actually tures known as sea cucumbers and pro- answer and the Morton Chemical Co. of bite back at the insect or animal trying tects these animals from their enemies. Chicago has produced a repellent that to eat it. Cotton seed with a built-in in-

Sea cucumbers are brown in color and is receiving widespread use. The new re- secticide has been very successful, and many resemble ordinary garden cucum- pellent, Z.I. P., is sprayed or painted on several varieties of wheat have been de- bers in size and shape. Discovery of the objects that are to be protected and has veloped with a built-in genetic resistance chemical composition of poisons pro- proved effective in safeguarding the bark to the Hessian fly. duced by these creatures would pave the on young trees from deer. The Air Force In the meantime, if you have a prob- way for research in the development of in Alaska is also using Z.I. P. to keep lem of any kind with pests, consult your antidotes that would protect swimmers nosy buffalo away from delicate weather local agricultural authorities, garden against man-eating marine animals. instruments at unmanned stations. By shops, and sporting goods outlets. They Our two Georgians previously men- spreading the repellent in areas around may have some kind of new repellent tioned as sleeping with the rattlesnakes streams, British Columbia farmers are that will aid in solving your problem. were employed by Animal Repellents, keeping industrious beavers away from THE END

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JAN UARY 1964 , , , . , '

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH E E RAN ' ° NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU JANUARY 1964

MONTANA PAYING BONUS ings on the bill in the Senate, in his TO ITS WORLD WAR ONE VETERANS: capacity as Chairman of the Subcommittee on Veterans Affairs of the Senate Labor The state of Montana has prepared and Public Welfare Committee . . But our application forms for its World War One fears were false he did call prompt hear- bonus, payable to living veterans of the ings, for which all veterandom should be First World War or, if they are dead, grateful. .. The hearings will probably run to certain close surviving relatives... well into the new session of Congress. To be eligible the veteran must have been At stake are decent facilities for a resident of Montana at the time of the most pathetic class of veterans entry into active service and must have those who are ill or decrepit for long had honorable active duty with the armed term, or for life, and for whom medical forces at some time between April 6, 1917, care has done its best without restoring and May 11, 1919... The final date is them to health... You do not see them or extended to April 1, 1920, in any cases hear from them, they do not gather in in which the veteran served in Siberia. conventions or take the stump to cry for In the case of a male veteran now what they want, nor do they attend Post deceased the widow is eligible for the meetings and raise their voices in de- bonus if living and not remarried. .. In mand, for they are bedridden, or house- the case of female veterans, now de- bound, and virtually helpless— but their ceased, the widower is eligible regard- number is in the thousands and growing. less of remarriage ... If no sp ouse sur- The VA has heretofore declined re- vi ves payment may go to any child or , sp onsibility for nursing care, and HR8009 children now under 18. . . In the absence would establish such a responsibility and of such children, s urviving parents of facilities to carry it out by law . . . The the veteran are eligible ... If none of bill does not enlarge the eligibility for these contingent beneficiaries survive, VA care, but lets veterans who are already no payment is made. eligible for VA medical care also receive Application forms have been distrib- nursing care if that is the c are they uted to County Clerk and Recorder's need, rather than be rejected, in spite offices in Montana and to veterans of their eligibility, for lack of the posts. . .Eligibles now residing outside type of care they need... At the same of Montana may get forms from: Adjusted time HR8009 would lighten the total load Comp ensation Division, Box 1196, on the VA by providing Federal aid for ex- Helena, Mont. , 59601. panded nursing care in state soldiers

homes . . .Perhaps nothing should impress LEGION URGES MEMBERS SUPPORT Legionnaires with the importance of their VETS NURSING CARE BILL AS militant support of this bill more than SENATE HEARINGS GET UNDER WAY: the fact that it was reported out by the The Senate started hearings on No- House Veterans Affairs Committee with vember 20 on the bill HR8009, which would the most p ositive a ssertions that previ- greatly augment VA and state nursing ous policies and limitations on the VA c are facilities for aged and chronically medical care program should be overridden ill war veterans, and the Legion's Leg- or i gnored in considering passage of islative Committee urged Legionnaires to this bill... As all who follow vets af- strongly support the bill in letters to fairs know, the House Committee on Vet- their Senators ... The bill has already erans Affairs, and especially its control- passed the House by an overwhelming ling leadership, are extremely tough and vote. . .HR8009 was outlined in detail in conservative with respect to any new this "Newsletter" in both the October veterans legislation involving new cost. and December issues... In the December That Committee has produced a humane issue we almost despaired of Sen. Ralph and needed bill in HR8009, giving every Yarborough (Texas) calling prompt hear- Legionnaire the finest opportunity in

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 25 , y : , . y ,

CONTINUED FROM PRECEDING PAGE many years to come to the aid of our less method of fund-raising should note that fortunate comrades with active support the last date for securing advance-sale in communications to their Senators... discount tickets is February 29 1964... Support of HR8009, identifying it as the They should contact the fair organiza- veterans nursing care bill should also tion well enough ahead of that date to be directed to the chairman and members assure placement of an order by that of the Senate Veterans Affairs Subcom- date... For all further details and order mittee: Sen. Yarborough, Chairman; Sen. forms, Post should make direct contact

Edward Kennedy (Mass. ) ; Sen. Lee Metcalf with: Mr. William Costigan, World' s Fair

(Mont.); Sen. Barry Goldwater (Ariz.); Tickets, Suite 4029 , Time and Life and Sen. Len B. Jordan ( Idaho )... They Building, New York, N.Y. 10020. may all be addressed at: Senate Office

Bldg. , Washington, D. C. SEN. HUMPHREY URGED UPGRADING OF VA: AMERICAN LEGION POSTS MAY Sen. Hubert Humphrey (Minn. ) on Nov. RAISE FUNDS SELLING NEW YORK WORLD'S FAIR TICKETS; FEB. 29 DEADLINE: 6, urged the Senate Post Office and Civil Service Committee to upgrade the Admin- With millions of people from all istrator of Veterans Affairs to Level II over the country destined to visit the and his Deputy to Level III, on the scale New York World's Fair, which opens April of Federal agency heads... A House admin- 22, the fair organization has made istration bill —HR8986—keeps the VA head arrangements whereby American Legion and his deputy at Levels III and IV...

Posts may sell advance World ' s Fair ad- Humphrey urged the Senate Committee to mission tickets in their communities and amend the bill in the Senate to upgrade realize 32 2 % of the gate price as an the VA officials, in a letter to Commit- organizational fund-raising enterprise . . tee Chairman Sen. Olin D. Johnston (S.C.). A Post would be required to procure 50 The VA, he said, is by far the largest or more tickets (whether children's or independent agency of government ... The adults' or a mixture is immaterial) at scope of its operations and its impact on a 32y2 % discount, which it could sell a cross-section of the citizenry are of at the regular gate prices, to people staggering proportions. .. It serves nearly in its community who intend to visit the 28 2 million veterans who, with their fam- fair, and retain the balance ... Gate ilies, approximate 47% of the national price of tickets is $2 for adults, $1 population. .. It has a responsibility to for children aged 2 through 12... Posts serve more Americans than any other would pay World's Fair $1. 35 for an agency except the Post Office Depart- adult ticket, 67 y2 1 for a child ' s ticket ment... It is the third largest employer ...Ticket admits a person to the fair among Federal agencies, and its budget is once and visitors planning to spend the third largest among all agencies... several days at the fair could be cus- The Administrator is responsible for by tomers for more than one ticket ... If a far the largest hospital and medical pro- Post wished to share its discount with gram in the United States and the largest its customers, and offer a partial dis- in-house medical research program in the count to them as an inducement to buy nation... He heads up a 40 billion dollar blocks of tickets in advance, that would life insurance program, third largest in be up to the Post. . .A Post would pay for the world, and a home-loan program that the tickets at the discount price when has helped build every fifth home in Amer- ordering t hem, and they would not be re- ica constructed since WW2...The Bradley fundable ... Advance discount sale is only Commission, he said, had seriously consid- offered during this winter, but tickets ered recommending Cabinet rank for the VA. procured will be good for fair admission "In view of the aims and responsi- for both the 1964 and the 1965 seasons of bilities of the VA, compared to other the two-year fair... The fair opens Wed- agencies and departments," wrote Humphrey, nesday, April 22, 1964, closes for the "I hope that the Senate Committee will year on Sunday, Oct. 18, 1964... It replace the Administrator and the Deputy Ad- opens Wednesday, April 21, 1965, and ministrator in Levels II and III, and thus closes for good Sunday, Oct. 17, 1965. correct the longstanding inequitable Cut-off date Posts considering this treatment of the Veterans Administration."

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 OF THE NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS JANUARY 1964

"All free men the world over must bow their heads tonight, realizing that the gallant Legion Joined Nation in death of your heroic husband, a sacrifice to the cause of freedom, is a signal that all of us who supported him in his just causes Shock at Murder of President must close ranks and rally to forward those causes, for which he gave his life. "May God bless and comfort you in our Commander wired widow, new President; Kennedy mutual and national bereavement." Simultaneously, the following tele- was 3rd, Johnson is 4th Legionnaire President; gram was sent by Commander Foley in the name of all Legionnaires to the new- against background of Dallas tragedy erupted President. Lyndon B. Johnson. growing world violence and political insanity "In this hour of crisis, all America and your fellow American Legionnaires join with the other citizens of this great nation Legionnaires, through their National lunching with Administrator of Veterans in offering humbly our wholehearted sup- Commander, had their expression of Affairs and Past National Commander port to you in the gigantic task so tragically shock at the murder of President John John S. Gleason, Jr.. in Chicago, sent placed upon your shoulders. "We offer our prayers with those of all F. Kennedy on November 22, conveyed the following telegrams. the people of the free world, asking God directly to the dead President's widow To Mrs. John F. Kennedy, the Presi- to give strength to sustain you and our and the new President before sundown dent's widow: country in this hour of grief. on the fatal day. The wires were still hot "Together with all of America, the Presi- "May I sincerely pledge to you my personal support and that of The American with the news of the mad events in dent's fellow members of The American Legion ask God to give you and the nation Legion as you assume the duties of the Dallas, when National Commander Dan- the strength to bear the shock of this in- Presidency of the United States?" iel F. Foley, who heard the news while famous deed. The late President John F. Kennedy

The late President John F. Kennedy as he appeared as a candidate for the Presidency before The American Legion's 42nd National Convention in Miami Beach, Fla., October 18, 1950.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 27 — NEWS was a member of Crosscup-Pishon Post Chairman who backed off. Almost for- be a Legionnaire by being the first mem- 281, The American Legion, in Boston, gotten is the Russian ultimatum, still of ber of Congress to leave his seat and don Mass., and he was a recipient of The recent date, telling us to get out of Berlin the uniform, one day after the Pearl

American Legion's Distinguished Service or else. It is almost forgotten because Harbor raid in 1941, when he was 33. Medal, which he received jointly from "ultimatum day" came and went in the He served in naval aviation in the Pacific Past National Commanders William face of a tough U.S. policy, with Chair- and was decorated with the Silver Star Burke (Calif.) and Charles Bacon (Mo.) man Khrushchev in the position of for gallantry in action by General Doug- in a ceremony on the White House lawn changing the subject in the hope that las MacArthur. He held a seat in the on a cold, late winter day during the nobody would notice. House starting in 1937, was elected to Legion's annual Washington Conference Once more the wily Russian tested the the Senate in 1948, re-elected in 1954, in March, 1962. Kennedy was the third President's guts, by planting Soviet elected Vice President in 1960, suc- Legionnaire President of the United missiles in the Western Hemisphere. But ceeded to the Presidency on the assassi-

States, after Harry S. Truman and if Kennedy would not raise a fist against nation of President Kennedy on Nov. 22, Dwight D. Eisenhower. Castro on his own, he threw a ring of 1963. He was majority leader of the National Commander Foley attended steel around and over the Russian offen- Senate in the 84th, 85th and 86th the funeral of President Kennedy, offi- sive weapons in Cuba—and again it was Congresses. cially representing The American Legion Khrushchev who got out of the situation Johnson, and Vice President Richard at that mournful event. as best he could. M. Nixon, spoke to the Legion's 1959 In the field of our essential national National Convention in a common cause, Jofjn . llemtetip $ security, John F. Kennedy was not only representing the leadership of both major When he was a Senator, John F. a President who owned a blue Legion cap parties. It was the eve of Soviet Chair- Kennedy appeared as a candidate for the —he was a Legionnaire President. man Khrushchev's visit to the United Presidency before The American Legion John F. Kennedy was eligible to be a States, and the government was fearful National Convention in Miami Beach, Legionnaire because he had been a of demonstrations and possible acts of Fla., on Oct. 18, 1960. Our report of junior naval officer in World War 2, violence against the Soviet leader during his speech said: his visit, fearful whose little torpedo boat had been cut and too of a public ap- "Senator Kennedy's entire address was in two the bow of a Japanese de- prehension that Khrushchev would pull the sort of plea for U.S. military invinci- by some sort of "deal" with President bility, as a guarantee of world peace, which stroyer in a night action in the Solomon in years gone by would have been called a Islands. His leadership in saving the sur- Eisenhower. Both parties sought the Le- " 'Legion speech.' viving members of his crew has been told gion Convention platform as a direct The American Legion has never seen in book and story. pipeline to leadership and the common eye-to-eye on everything with any Presi- The enemy failed to kill him; the dark, man in nearly every community in the dent, and it did not with President Ken- shark-infested waters failed to kill him. nation, on the non-partisan cross-section nedy, nor is it likely that any organiza- Stranded on a little island with his re- basis which is uniquely that of the tion will ever see eye-to-eye with any maining crewmen, deprived of all the Legion. President on everything. gadgetry of modern war, he exhibited the This magazine's report in its Oct. 1959 But at no time during Mr. Kennedy's self reliance of the American serviceman issue said: years in the White House did the Legion by swimming—despite a back injury "Seldom have messages so similar been feel that it was as it had many times — through enemy patrolled waters and be- brought to the Legion by national leaders been in the past a voice crying in the who are at opposite political poles. Both — tween enemy-occupied islands until he wilderness for peace through strength. Nixon and Johnson made these points: found succor for his men. "1. a candidate in 1960, Kennedy told Khrushchev has spent his life behind As the But what neither the enemy nor the Iron Curtain. His visit may—and should the Legion: "Until an effective and en- sharks nor the elements could do to him —disabuse him of many false impressions forceable arms control agreement can be as a wartime naval officer, a cowardly of the U.S. negotiated, we must build the military " 'He has some dangerous misconceptions sniper's bullet did to him, fired from power needed to keep our commitments about the U. S. and the free world,' said John F. Kennedy as concealment when Nixon, 'which, in the mind of a man of such and stop the next war before it starts." President of the United States rode awesome power in his hands, constitute a As President, he worked for "an effec- through the streets of Dallas, Texas, in terrible risk to the world. ... if we are to

tive and enforceable arms control agree- have a Soviet leader with such power . . . an open car beside his wife. ment" in the face of an almost hopeless it is better to have one who knows the world than one who is isolated in the Kremlin.' prospect of getting one. He was orfered The New President "In different words, Senator Johnson "effective 4th agreements that were not and Lyndon B. Johnson, now the stressed the same point. enforceable" and rejected them, finally Legionnaire President of the United " 'Our problem,' he said, 'is how to see pulling our delegates out of the Geneva States, appeared, in his then capacity of to it that Khrushchev will have a true picture of our country, a true picture of our Disarmament Conference in 1961. And Majority Leader of the Senate, before people—and a true picture of our purpose.' as long as he could not get one, he kept the Legion's 41st National Convention "2. Both Nixon and Johnson acknowl- our military at a powerful level. in Minneapolis, Minn., on his 51st birth- edged widespread fears that the Soviet dic- President Kennedy was not one to day, August 27, 1959. tator's visit would signal a 'deal' a la Munich that would add up to appeasement of the rattle the sword on his own initiative, or He wore the blue cap of Memorial Soviets by U.S. officials. without great provocation. This led Highway Post 352, American Legion, "Nixon, speaking for the President, and Khrushchev and some Americans to be- Blanco County, Texas. Blanco is a ranch- Johnson, speaking for the Senate majority, lieve that he lacked the guts to face up to ing county of small communities. Its flatly declared that Khrushchev can have no hope of any privately arranged appease- an extreme situation. The Bay of Pigs seat, Johnson City, with a population of ment as a result of his visit. responsi- was founded by fiasco, for which he took full less than a thousand, "3. A calculated danger of the Soviet bility, lent credence to the notion that he President Johnson's grandfather. John- leader's visit, both political leaders warned, of was soft inside, and would waver in the son City is about 40 miles due west of would be an impression that the meeting Eisenhower and Khrushchev marked a 'thaw face of a moment of truth. Austin, the capital of Texas, and about in the cold war' that would justify the West Yet when Khrushchev twice put him 57 miles due north of San Antonio. to 'let down its guard' against communism's to real extremities, it was the Soviet President Johnson earned his right to international ambitions.

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J vlUARY 1964 "Such an impression would be unjustified and dangerous, they said. "Both Nixon and Johnson called upon The American Legion to combat any such public inferences and to permit nobody to assume that as a result of the visit, communism is now 'all right'." The performance of both men at the 1959 Legion Convention was character- istic of their widely advertised ability to subordinate their partisan politics and work in unison with the opposite party V on any matter deemed by them to be in the general interest of the United States. The event was less than a year away from the 1 960 campaign in which John- son sought (unsuccessfully) the Demo- cratic nomination to run against Nixon for the Presidency.

Calls on President

On Thursday December 5, National Commander Daniel F. Foley made his first official courtesy call on President Lyndon B. Johnson at the White House. President Johnson greeted Com- mander Foley and the accompanying Legion officials warmly and invited them to share a coffeebreak with him. Commander Foley informed President Johnson that The American Legion offers complete cooperation to the Presi- dent in these difficult times. Commander Foley also invited Presi- dent Johnson to be the keynote speaker at the 1964 Convention of The American Legion to be held at Dallas, Texas, Sep- tember 16-24. National Commander Foley also lauded the nation's radio and TV networks for their coverage of the Presi- dent's assassination and burial and the change of command in messages to them on Nov. 27. He sent them thanks for the "magnif- icent manner" in which they and their staffs handled the coverage of the "tragic events of the past several days." "You have made a significant contribution to impressing upon the American people the enormity of the deed which shook the nation," he said, "and its far- reaching implications upon our national life." There have been occasions on which the Legion "has been quick to criticize specific programs which we believe were inappropriate," Foley told the networks. "In all fairness, we should be as quick to commend outstanding performance in the public interest." Plans are being formulated by the Legion for a graveside memorial ceremony to honor the late President John F. Kennedy at Arlington National Ceme- tery during the Commander's Confer- President Lyndon B. Johnson as he appeared on a bi-partisan mission before ence to be held in Washington, D. the C, the Legion's 41st National Convention in Minneapolis, Minn., August 27, 1959. first week of March 1964.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 29 DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION, 1963-64

Below are the 58 Department Com- Department Convention in the late Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puer- manders of The American Legion for spring or summer of 1963. to Rico, the Panama Canal Zone, Mex- the year 1963-64. The American Legion Departments ico, Canada, the Philippines, Italy and Each Commander was elected by his include the 50 states, the District of France.

H. Paige Bell James Mulder A. E. Thornton West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 a

PEOPLE IN THE NEWS years for any surplus funds after the ans organizations, the Montana Legion- Department paid for its annual opera- naire stressed that American Legion William A. Brennan, Jr., of Indianap- tions. posts should, and do, plan special events olis, Ind., a member of the Legion's a in conjunction with it in addition to Membership and Post Activities Com- participating in the general community mittee, elected to the board of directors The American Legion, Department of observance. Louisiana, its of the Merchants Nat'l Bank and Trust has moved headquarters Posts did, all over the country, with Co. of Indianapolis. from New Orleans to 214 East Boule- parties, houses, dinners, dances, vard, Baton Rouge, La. open and, in some areas, uniquely local ob- Legion A. Leo Anderson, former Ad- servances; after having provided march- ap- Post 25, Windsor, Vt., captured national jutant of Massachusetts (1953-58), ing groups and color guards and often assistant the director of the rifle team honors in the annual American pointed to speakers for the more general observ- Affairs for the District Legion Postal Rifle and Pistol Matches, Dep't of Veterans ance. of Columbia. conducted by the Nat'l Rifle Ass'n. Runner-up was Post 30, Gresham, Ore. New York City had a "Mayor's Bowl" DIED Post 3, Lincoln, Nebr., took the pistol as part of its Veterans Day team competition. Jack Pariseau, Jewett football game Clarence E. Harper, of Chicago, 111., vice observances, and a youthful Legion- City, Conn., again won the Nat'l Junior chairman, American Legion Trophies, sponsored team did well for itself against Individual Rifle trophy. Awards and Ceremonials Committee. odds. The Knights of the Legion team, representing Post 1436, Brooklyn (which A program to provide scholarships for Charles H. Berg, of San Antonio, Texas, has more than 500 youngsters partici- children of Alabama veterans in all of member of the Legion's Nat'l Veterans pating in sports programs), lost, 6-0, to the state's fully accredited four-year Preference Committee. the visiting Bobby Layne Stonewall colleges and universities has been Juniors from Washington, D. C. launched by the Alabama American — William DeLacey Allen, of Albany, Ga., moral victory since the Legion-trained Legion. The 300,000 veterans in the Cot- Past Dep't Cmdr (1934-35). team ranged from 1 5 to 18 years of age ton State are being asked to contribute while the visitors averaged 21. funds to the project, called "A Dollar Arthur R. Boring, of Plant City, Fla., for a Scholar." Each of the Department's Past Dep't Cmdr (1935-36). nine districts has assumed responsibility Post 273, Madeira Beach, Fla., held for raising sufficient funds to establish an annual "Toast to the Dead," a public Charles E. Pew, first Dep't Cmdr of one scholarship. The first two are now in ceremony based on an impromptu toast The American Legion of Montana effect at Alabama U. and Howard. offered by four members, and 33rd Divi- (1919-20). sion men, in Chicago 34 years ago. The Post 201, Louisville, Ky., has given a original toast, as then given by member BRIEFLY NOTED check for $10,232.96 to the Council for Jim Fisk, still repeated, was: "With this Retarded Children of Jefferson Co. This red wine of France, symbolic of the check for $1186.44 was the most re- A blood shed by our comrades, we drink sum, realized from the 1 1th annual Child cent donation made by American Legion Welfare Carnival sponsored by the Post, to the Dead—the living Dead—the Dead Post 259, Golden Meadow, La., toward the ups the 11 -year gift total to about who live in our hearts." Following the future development of Oak Ridge $74,000. toast, the glasses are smashed. Community Park. The gift swelled the Post's total donation to over $2200. Post 64, Marietta, Ohio, has built a The Veterans Day parade in Port- A state bowling tournament for Legion- $31,656 addition to its clubhouse fa- land, Oregon, gave special recognition naires has been scheduled by the West cilities. to Oregon's veterans of the Pearl Harbor Virginia American Legion, to be held in raid by making them the special theme and May at Weirton, W. Va., with Weirton Veterans Day of the Portland 1963 observance, Post 10 as host. It will be West Virginia's appointing as Grand Marshal a Navy The official national American Legion badly first such tourney, and swells the list of medical officer who, though Veterans Day observances were held in state Legion organizations holding state burned by naming oil at Pearl Harbor, Indianapolis, site of the Legion's bowling tournaments, among which are Na- continued to care for the wounded—J. Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New tional Hq, where an estimated down- Dale Jewell, now a Rear Admiral. York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wis- town crowd of 20,000 watched a one- hour Veterans Day parade, and where, at consin. In Maine, it poured rain—and really Veterans luncheon in the Indi- a Day poured—and Post 5, in Waterville, was A fund to provide higher education for anapolis Athletic Club, Commander able to say that while the Veterans Day the two small daughters of a state trooper, Foley noted that: program was cancelled in many other nation that forgets its past puts Robert A. Paris, fatally shot while on "A towns, it went off in Waterville. The duty on Oct. 17, has been established by its future in jeopardy." Morning Sentinel published photos the Delaware American Legion. Invest- Past Nat'l Vice Commander William showing goodly crowds of paraders and ment of the funds is being planned to Brennan was the program chairman, spectators undaunted by the downpour. insure the children a college education. and Army information Chief Gen. Waterville had not cancelled an observ- George V. Underwood shared the ance since 1919 and wasn't about to. Said speaker's rostrum with Commander The American Legion Dep't of Virginia the Sentinel: "The way ... it was con- Foley. expects to move into its new $70,000 ducted by The American Legion was a headquarters building in Richmond on credit to the community. ... It would little the or about March 1 . Payment for the build- Although Veterans Day, changed from take more than a rain to cause ing will be made from the restricted fund, Armistice Day in 1954, is a national cancellation of such a traditional event which has been the depository for many observance and not simply one of veter- as this one." THE AMERI AN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 31 , NEWS

OUTFIT REUNIONS James W. Baxter (1963), Post 198, Speedway Elmer D. Gates and Thomas Dugan (both City, Ind. 1963), Post 1276, Syracuse, N. Y. in indicated. For Reunion will be held month Earl V. Jemison (1963), Post 41, Keokuk, William R. Gavigan (1963), Post 1347, New particulars, write person whose address is Iowa. York, N. Y. given. Troy C. Fisher (1963), Post 43, Atlantic. Iowa. George Bauman and Mathew Beinert and Notices accepted on official form only. For H. Armand de Masi (1963), Post 1, Rome, Ivan Lincoln Church and Joseph Conover (all form send stamped, addressed return envelope Italy. 1962) , Post 1404, Broad Channel, N. Y. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, to O. Edward F. Seiller and Howard Swinney (both Louis V. Santcrcole (1963), Post 1449, Blasdell, 720 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Notices 1963), Post 15, Louisville, Ky. N. Y. should be received at least four months before Jack H. Stengell (1962), Post 29, Russellville, Jason S. Harmon (1963), Post 34, Cadiz, Ohio. scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary Ky. Lloyd L. Adams (1963) and Servetus L. to get form. Marshall McGlockin (1962), Post 82, Camp- Powers and Lawrence E. Schott and Adam Earliest submissions favored when volume of bellsville, Ky. Sniffer (all 1964), Post 181, Bucyrus, Ohio. requests is too great to print all. Andrew J. Morris and Murphy J. Springs Fred Cleland and Archie B. Craner and Cal- ARMY (both 1963), Post 5, Amite, La. vin Cronenwett and Frank Davis (all 1963), Luther G. Whittier (1963), Post 28, Farming- Post 243, Galion, Ohio. 2nd Field Sig Bn (WW1)— ( June) K. B. Copen- haver, Box 95, Conrad. Mont. ton, Maine. Arthur C. Horn and Charles R. Nicklas and 18th Rwy Eng (WW1) (Los Angeles Reunion) Hugh J. Bigley and Michael J. Burke and Russell S. Owen and Dr. Iheodore Peters (all

—(Jan.) J. L. McAllister, 459 S. Citrus Ave., John S. Burns and Dr. M. Leo Cannon (all 1961 ) 1960) , Post 46, Chambersburg, Pa. Los Angeles 36, Calif. Post 27, Cambridge, Mass. Carl G. Elfvin and William B. Neely, Sr. (both 18th Rwy Eng (VVVV1) (San Francisco Reunion) Anthony J. Platani (1955) and Henry G. Lam- 1961) and Andrew Derrick and John Kurfuss —(Apr.) W. T. Richards, 1910 Rosecrest Dr., bert (1963), Post 197, West Yarmouth, Mass. (both 1963), Post 317, Yardley, Pa. Oakland 2, Calif. Brazier and Joseph Farrell and Luigi 23rd Eng (WVV1) — (May) Lloyd P. Lindenman, James J. Burke (1963), Post 401, South Wey- George 904 Gillespie Ave., Sarasota, Fla. mouth, Mass. Genovese (all 1963), Post 544, Minersville, Pa. Sr. 33rd Div— (June) Wm. L. Engel, Room 1634, Archie W. Unumb (1963), Post 87, Alexandria, William H. Orth, (1954) and Theodore F. 176 W. Adams St., Chicago 3, 111. Minn. Foedisch (1959) and William F. Gormley, III 110th Field Art'y Bn— (June) Charles E. Miller, (1963), Post 754, Philadelphia, Pa. 109 N. Longcross Rd.. Linthicum Hts, Md. A. L. Austin and C. Porter Dean (both 1963), Elmer L. Williams (1962), Post 755, Pitts- 21090. Post 6, Corinth, Miss. burgh, Pa. 312th Field Sig Bn (WW1)— ( June) H. E. John N. Baker, Jr. (1963), Post 163, North Sr. Chester S. Waters, Rt. 1 Box 299. Slidell, La. Platte, Nebr. William S. Greene, and Hatha- Field Sig (Apr.) E. Pacheco, way and Clarence E. Hawkins and William J. 317th Bn John C. B. Bull (1960) and W. E. Goodhard and c/o Parker House, 60 School St., Boston, Mass. Kenyon (all 1963), Post 12, North Kingstown, Walter Olsen (both 1963), Post 362, Elkhorn, 448th AAA AW Bn— (June) Ike Kendall, Rich- R. I. valley, Ind. 46973 Nebr. Hugh M. Cameron (1963), Post 52, Morris- 604th Ord Bn— (June) Joe Walsh, 2631 Oakford Virgil M. Ambrose and Melvin W. Beaver and town, Tenn. St., PhiladelDhia 46, Pa. John E. Brown and William H. Crabtree (all Ralph E. Miller and Lyman T. Symons (both 896th AAA AW Bn Bat A— (May) R. Wistar 1963). Post 10, Reno, Nev.

, Post 25, Windsor, Vt. Baird, 482 Montecelo Ave., Twin Oaks, Ches- Neil Rhodes and Jack Smileski and Julius 1963) ter, Pa. Leslie C. Armstrong and Judson C. Colburn Wcrrmann (all 1962), Post 188, Liverpool, N. Y. 1896th Eng (Aviation) Fn (June) Lester A. Post Burien, — Murray L. Fink (both 1963), 134, Wash. St., Natick, Mass. and Howard Matheney (both Sealey, 14 High Lawrence J. Kunz (1963), Post 166, Fort 1963), Post 263. New York, N. Y. Atkinson, Wis. NAVY William G. Begin and Fred J. Ries and Hans 45th Seabees (June) Edward D. Kramer, Box Skowfoe and Theodore N. Spelman (all 1962), — Life Memberships are accepted for publica- 5111, Grosse Pointe Farms, Mich. 84236 Post 391, Brooklyn, N. Y. tion only an official form, which we provide. USS Lexington (CV-2) Minuteman's Club— on Charles E. Lofgren and Arthur W. Prosser Reports received only from Commander, Ad- (June) W. Happy Blake, 2168 McKnight Dr., and Carl Y. Thornblad, Sr. (all 1963), Post 777, jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded Lemon Grove, Calif. Celoron, N. Y. life membership. USS Niagara (WW1)— (Mar.) Joe Havender, the They may get form by sending stamped, self- 3686 Jerome Ave., Bronx 67, N.Y. John Castellanno and Hyman Friedman and return envelope to: Joseph Frigenti and David Wax (all 1962), Post addressed "L. M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 AIR 1072, Brooklyn, N. Y. 5th Ave., New York, N. Y." 10019. Breinlinger 45th Aero Sqdn, Essinsrton & Gerstner Fields John W. (1963), Post 1120, Lin- On a corner of the return envelope write the (WW1)— (May) Sam'l H. Paul, 540 East denhurst, L.I, N. Y. number of names you wish to report. No written Gravers Lane. Philadelphia 18, Pa. Diego Andrew (1960), Post 1216, Bronx, N. Y. letter necessary to get forms. 143rd Aero Sqdn, Essinsrton & Gerstner Fields (WW1)— (May) Sam'l H. Paul, 540 East Gravers Lane, Philadelphia 18, Pa.

LIFE MEMBERSHIPS STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT AND CIRCULATION The award of a life membership to a Legion- (Act of October 23, 1962; Section 4369, Title 39, United States Code) naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who know him best that he has served The Ameri- 1. Date of filing: September 24, 1963. given.) can Legion well. 2. Title of Publication: THE AMERICAN The American Legion, 700 North Pennsylvania Below are listed some of the previously un- LEGION MAGAZINE. Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206. published life membership Post awards that 3. Frequency of issue: Monthly. 8. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other

security holders owning or holding 1 percent or have been reported to the editors. They are 4. Location of known office of publication: 1100 arranged by States or Departments. Broadway, Louisville, Kentucky 40201 (Jefferson more of total amount of bonds, mortgages or other County). securities: None. Bart A. Cortliet (1963), Post 3, Winnipeg, 9 - Paragraphs 7 and 8 include, in cases where 5. Location of the headquarters or general busi- . Canada. the stockholder or security holder upon ness offices of the publishers: 700 North Penn- appears Don F. Payne and Ed Quinn and Lester H. th e b°oks of the company as trustee or in any sylvania . Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206. , Reed and Lynn E. Rowland (all 1963), Post ' . , other fiduciary relation, the name of the person or 105, Names and addresses of publisher, editor, 6. corporation for whom such trustee is acting, also Julesburg, Colo. and managing editor: t ]le statements in the two paragraphs show the John Woodfin Toney (1964), Post 243, Doerun, Publisher: Neil, Fifth James F. O 720 Avenue, affiant's full knowledge and belief as to the cir- Ga. New York, New \ork 10019. cumstances and conditions under which stock- Dr. Verne Hays and Rex F. Leslie (both 1963), Editor: Robert B. Pitkin 720 Fifth Avenue, holders and security holders who do not appear York, Post 16, Canton, 111. New New York. 10019. upon the books of the company as trustees, hold Managing i-ditor: None. Frank M. Michek (1963), Post 77, Belvidere, stock atlc] securities in a capacity other than that 111. 7. Owner (// owned by a corporation, its name of a bona fide owner. Names and addresses of and address must be stated and also immediately William Paul Horton and Henry Rocken- individuals who are stockholders of a corporation thereunder the names and addresses of stock- which itself is a stockholder or holder of bonds, meyer (both 1961) and Glenn Purcell and Fred holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of mortgages or other securities of the publishing Ripplinger (both 1962), Post 141, Mt. Vernon, 111. total amount of stock. If not owned by a corpora- corporation have been included in paragraphs 7 Herman De Fries and Herman Kruse and Hon, the names and addresses of the individual and 8 when the interests of such individuals are Edward H. Meierhofer (all 1962), Post 142, owners must be given. If owned by a partnership equivalent to 1 percent or more of the total amount Minonk, 111. or other unincorporated firm, its name and ad- of the stock or securities of the publishing dress, as ivcll as that each individual must be corporation. Donald S. Bernardi and Winfield B. Zimmer of (both 1963), Post 145, Highland Park, 111. Average No. Copies Frank J. Prohaska, Sr. and John J. Quinn Each Issue During Single Issue Nearest and William H. Raith and Albert C. Schmidt Preceding 12 Months To Filing Date (all 1962), Post 348, Chicago, 111. 10. A. Total No. Copies Printed (net press run) Robert E. Smith (1963), Post 350, Geneseo, 111. 2,697,013. 2,585,205 Lad Wisnewski (1960) and John Dogoda and B. Paid Circulation 1. To Term Subscribers by Mail, Carrier Felix J. Kubiak and Anthony J. Miotk (all Delivery or by Other Means 2,691,690 2,580,040 1961), Post 419, Chicago, 111. 2. Sales Through Agents, News Dealers, Michael L. Mahoney (1962) and Chancy C. or Otherwise None None Jerpe (1963), Post 844, Chicago, 111. C. Free Distribution (including samples) by Mail, Adriano V. Galassi (1963), Post 923, Chicago, Carrier Delivery, or by Other Means 5,323 5,165 111. D. Total No. of Copies Distributed (sum of lines William Lister and Leroy H. Momberger Bl, B2 and C) 2,697,013 2,585,205 (both 1963), Post 1145, Percy, 111. I certify that the statements made by me above are correct and complete. James F. O'Neil 32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 WHAT HOPE FOR NARCOTICS CONTROL? (Continued from page 9)

G: My understanding is that in Hong M: That's a 90% drop! That's a drastic destroy the business of the traffickers,

Kong they use withdrawal such as we reduction in addiction. I thought the rate lies in this little understood fact that it use. At our federal hospitals in Lexing- of our addiction was going up, not down. is addicts, not traffickers, who create ton, Ky., and Fort Worth, Tex., we don't G: It won't seem dramatic when I tell most new addicts. That's why the free- use "sudden" withdrawal. Our two hos- you why. One of the main reasons for dose method is a thing of the past in our pitals were built in the late 1920's to the decrease in addiction has been the federal narcotics control work. One ad- take care of federal prisoners who were passage of laws which make it possible dict makes others. addicts. When they were established, an for us to control the availability of nar- M: Why should that be? additional provision was made that any cotics and enforce this control. G: We can't tell. But it appears that other addicts who wanted to apply for M: You control the pusher rather than when a person whom the medical au- treatment could go there as long as there the users? thorities describe as "susceptible to drug was room. As it works out, the hospitals G: Yes. Our effort is directed toward addiction" meets a person who is an ad- take a lot of volunteers and their system traffickers, the ones who sell it. If we can dict, there's apparently a great urge to of withdrawal involves transferring them control and curtail the availability of the proselyte, to convert, to share the experi- from the drug they've been using to a drug this will tend to decrease the addict ence. ' synthetic drug which is then used to taper problem. Other steps have to be taken, this them off. The last stage of withdrawal is M: You mean, the addict can sense very mild. of course, such as treatment of the ad- weakness or kinship in another individ- dict, but such measures are really in the ual and gets some kind of a bang out of M: When you say "drugs" you mean health field. The Bureau of Narcotics' making a convert? heroin in most cases, don't you? responsibility is to keep the availability G: As I said, we don't actually know for G: Yes, right now in the United States, of the drugs to a minimum, because ad- sure, but from the research that has been 93% of the drug addicts use heroin. In diction is spread by addicts. One addict talking about the narcotics problem, we done among people who have become will spread it to another person who is there's question that they usually mean heroin. When our federal addicts, no be- susceptible. came addicted as a result of association controls first went into effect nearly 50 with one or more persons who are al- years ago with the Harrison Act—-al- M: It is not spread by traffickers then? ready addicts even though they had no though there had been some state laws I thought the peddlers were to blame. — idea of becoming addicts at the beginning before that—the estimate was that one G: No. No. No. Not at all. The weak- of the association. out of every 400 in our country was ad- ness of the proposal that the government dicted. Today it's one in 4,000. should supply doses for addicts, and thus M: I couldn't have been more wrong in

IT'S WAITING FOR

A FREE copy of the new EMBLEM CATALOG Rush me my FREE Copy just off the press is waiting on your request of the New 1964 Emblem Catalog

Send for Your Copy NAME National Emblem Sales, THE AMERICAN LEGION ADDRESS P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 CITY STATE

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 33 —;

WHAT HOPE FOR NARCOTICS CONTROL? for narcotics and marijuana only, we EAR NOISES have no control over the use of pep-up (Continued from page 33) relieved! pills and barbiturates. Those would come under the and Act. the . . . thousands reported Food Drug By my thinking, and I'll bet most people are Wonderful relief from years same token, we are not involved in such of suffering from miserable just as wrong. I thought most addicts things as glue sniffing or the use of hal- ear noises and poor hearing were wooed by traffickers. caused by catarrhal (excess lucinatory drugs. My point is that much fluid mucus) conditions of G: I'm afraid you and quite a few others the head. For the past 23 of what the public thinks is a narcotic years that's what folks (many are dead wrong. That's why the availa- past 70) reported after using our simple Elmo drug problem falls into quite another bility of drugs is the key to our whole Palliative HOME TREATMENT. NOTHING category. TO WEAR. SOME of the symptoms likely to effort. An ad hoc panel prepared a prog- go with your catarrhal deafness and ear noises ; There to sniffing, mucus dropping in nose or throat every day ress report for the President as a guide M: used be ether too. hear — don't understand words ; hear better but to a White House conference on nar- G: Yes, but those things are drug-abuse on clear days — worse on bad days ; ear noises like crickets, bells or others. cotics. The panel also studied the misuse problems, not narcotics. The use of bar- Write TODAY for PROOF OF RELIEF and biturates is being abused. The use of 30 DAY TRIAL OFFER. Pay only if helped. of barbiturates and stimulants like Nem- THE ELMO CO., Dept. 4AL-4, Madrid, Iowa butal and Benzedrine. Barbiturates like peyote which is similar in effect to L.S.D. Nembutal are sleeping pills and the panel

in its study found that the abusive use

of these substances is a growing problem, while the problem of narcotics was greatly improved because we have man- aged to make drugs like heroin less available. Because heroin is so much less

available today than it was years ago,

the panel found that by the time it

reaches the street it has been cut to 3 to 5%, at most 6%, of the strength of

the pure drug. In other words, it's adul- terated way down with sugar or milk and FLORIDA HOMESITES the like. $ NO MONEY DOWN 395 M: Can an addict tell if it's been adul- vely V4 acre homesites in Florida's lake & citrus section only $395, terated? no money down, $10 a month! G: To a varying degree, yes. Heroin is t isolated but close-in, flanked by fine homes. 5 miles to one drug which apparently can be adul- downtown Ocala! Fish, hunt, terated more than others and still give bask in healthful climate. Free the user some of the reaction he craves. Color Brochure, Write Dept.C-2 Ocala Park Estates, Box 1446 However, we have also found that as a CHA5. site's ad63022(kioob) Ocala, Florida result of the extreme dilution practiced today, addicts coming into our hospitals "You're wasting your time, Martha. I'm MAKE YOUR FORTUNE for treatment suffer extremely mild with- not tipping!" Sell famous Spring-Step Cushion Shoes for all the drawals instead of the sweating, writhing THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE family. Earn big money daily plus Cash Bonus and Retirement Income with amazing 1-minute agony that most people think they do. demonstration that sells on sight. Big repeat business. Full or spare time. America's big- Few addicts experience the kind of —Indians use it in some of their tribal gest selection of shoes. Free outfit given. No investment ever. Fabulous insurance benefits "classic" withdrawal that those of 20 ceremonies—is an abuse of an halluci- —free to qualified dealers. Write today. natory drug, but it's not part of this de- ORTHO-VENT SHOE CO.. Inc. years ago had to suffer. The withdrawal 3041 Brand Road, Salem, Virginia symptoms today bear more resemblance partment's responsibility. That is one of to getting over a bad case of flu. the things that confuses people. There has been an improvement in our nar- M: Tell me about some of the other cotics picture, but because other drugs drugs. are coming to the fore and are being writ- G: When I talk about 93% of our drug •KING OF THE EARLIES" ten up in the newspapers or magazines, addicts using heroin, I'm referring chiefly Big solid, scarlet fruit, disease people think they are narcotics, too. resistant, heavy yielder. Ideal for to those drugs to which people become table or canning. Send 125 SEED M: Does the use of marijuana destroy 5c for mailing 125 seed CO TP addicted. These include morphine, dem- and copy of Seed and Nursery Catalog. I" Iftt the user's ability to distinguish between erol, and codeine. Cocaine is not a drug CONDON BROS. SEEDSMEN . . . Now Combined With right and wrong? Would he be more like- R. H. SHUMWAY SEEDSMAN, Dept. 309, Rockford, ILL. to which people become addicted. How- ly to commit a crime when using mari- ever, because it is subject to abuse like juana? heroin and morphine it's included under WANTED G: That is a possibility. It varies with the narcotics control bill. Since mari- the individual, his background, emo- juana is not an addictive drug, it is un- 1,000 RUPTURED MEN stability, drives, other factors der a separate control act. People acquire tional and which we really know very little about. TO MAKE THIS TEST the habit for it, but when a person is the vicious taken off marijuana he doesn't suffer We have records of most Here's your chance to get a $3.50 Truss without cost crimes committed under the influence of if you have reducible rupture. All you do is try a from withdrawal. Responsibility for ad- Doctor's Invention for rupture in the privacy of your marijuana, yet in some people it simply own heme on our 30-day trial plan. Easy and com- ministering the marijuana law is assigned fortable to wear. leg straps elastic belts space. dif- Has no —no to leads distorts time and Others have or leather bands. Holds rupture up and in. You can't our Bureau because marijuana lose if are not entirely with the ferent reactions. I said, there ... you satisfied people on to the use of a stronger drug, As have invention—return it, but be sure to keep the $3.50 for vicious crimes un- Night and Bath Truss your trouble. It's our gift to generally heroin. Incidentally, while I'm been many committed you for making the trial. If you are ruptured, write today for trial offer. der the influence of marijuana. at it, I'd like to clear up the confusion in the public's mind about our Bureau's M: Why do so many heroin addicts turn PHYSICIANS APPLIANCE COMPANY, 9202 Koch Bide- responsibility: to Is it because of their for 2906 Main Street Kansas City 8, Missouri basic We are responsible crime? need

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JAN UARY 1964 — .

money with which to purchase the drug? hospitalized, then freed. This is one area G: Some people have committed serious where we have not really begun to solve crimes under the influence of heroin, but our narcotics problem, although we generally heroin, which is derived from know some of the guide lines that should opium, acts as a depressant. Again, her- be followed. While there are hospitals to oin doesn't affect everyone the same way. treat addicts in certain areas, there are

However, it is an expensive habit, and other areas in which there are none. As its addicts suffer from a compulsion to I've told you, we have federal hospitals get the money to sustain it anyway they for this, but there is a need for more state can. Nevertheless, I want to make it clear and local hospital facilities to treat ad- that the majority of addicts, according dicts. In New York, for instance, beds to our own statistical evidence and that are set aside for withdrawal patients in of many states such as California, have hospitals, but they can be used for only a prior criminal or delinquency record very limited periods of time, and detoxi- fication or gradual withdrawal may take IF YOU'RE IN before becoming addicts. So, while they engage in a criminal activity to get money a week or two weeks. by force to maintain their habit, it doesn't M: Do you really think that is long necessarily hold that this is the only rea- enough? DEBT AND son they engage in criminal acts. G: It's long enough to get them off the that's not the real problem. M: In other words, there's a likelihood drug, but The problem is after that, to keep them they'd be criminals first and addicts sec- WANT TO ond. from getting back on it again. It's our G: Right. California ran a check on a follow-up that is lacking, and not much study they made about a year or so ago. has been done about it. As a number of OUT- About 80% of the addicts treated under our foremost medical authorities have GET their new program had previous criminal stated, the addict really needs at least or delinquency records. They were crimi- five months, and may need as much as nals before becoming addicts. a year in an institution under close super- I CAN SHOW vision, and then follow-up help for how- M: A former Commissioner of Police in ever long may be necessary after he's re- a large eastern city told me that it's his leased. In some cases this may be for the belief that the stringent laws about the YOU HOW TO rest of his life! This requires the same sale or pushing of narcotics—such pen- sort of trained staff as in social work of alties as five years for the first offense and a parole type. When an addict comes out many more years for a second offense of a hospital, there should be someone DO IT! have had a tremendous influence in keep- there to help him get a job, to see that ing down narcotics addiction. He has a he doesn't fall back into the same en- point, I suppose. vironment. Some check on him every so G: He has a point, but I don't think it's Just write to me at DIAL Pay As Little As should to sure he's not FINANCE because I may the largest single influence. Unless often be made be you solve your money problems. $5.59 a Month on drugs once more. And if he is, to see have good enforcement to begin with, I'll personally assist in trying get Cash You 24 Monthly that he is put back into the hospital and to arrange to you the penalties can have no effect. I mean, if Get Payments money you need . . . FAST all over again. It's tremen- $ too $ 5.59 detoxified a . . . and in privacy! Borrow enforcement officers don't bring traffick- 300 16.77 dous undertaking. $100 to $1,000 with a Money- ers into court nothing will happen. But By-Mail Secret Loan from 500 27.63 Dial. I specialize in personal Cash You 30 Monthly is in that M: This is the nub of the whole ques- there no question my mind the loans at Dial; handle thou- Get Payments minimum penalties enacted in the Nar- tion as I see it. What hope is there for sands of them every year. I $ 800 $36.62

know your problem and I l.ooon1 45.11 narcotics control? cotics Control Act of 1956 have helped may help you right now! Get greatly in reducing the availability of G: There is sound hope. What we really the money you want . . . $100 to $1,000 ... by Mail . . . without delay of any kind. drugs and, as a result, the number of need is a civil type of commitment where You don't need any co-signers. Your own signature is good enough for me. Send me the coupon and I'll traffickers. know this is true because addicts would be released on a straight, We show you how to: controlled period of three to our undercover men have told us time perhaps • Consolidate your debts after time about men formerly involved five years. During this period they'd be • Have cash left over out of every paycheck • Cut those BIG monthly payments down to one small payment checked on. If they need psychiatric in the racket who told them, "Look, pal, (Special: Credit life insurance available, at nominal get out of that business. There are easier treatment they'd be given that, and if cost). Whatever you need . . . $100 to $1,000. . .you may get it . . . FAST! they special training to help ways to make a living!" So it's fair to need some conclude that the heavier penalties have them get a job they'd be given that, too. WRITE ME TODAY! forced many of them into some other M: I should think having a job would NO OBLIGATION! racket. On the other hand, a lot of mis- be very important to them. information has gotten out about the part G: Very. It's extremely difficult for them played by our penalties. We have found to get jobs if anybody knows they've Tjftance> C&npamf that most people believe that the pen- been addicts. There is a great need for 410 KILPATRICK BIDG., DEPT. 1-092 OMAHA 2, NEB. alties are aimed at the addict. They're this kind of work. And while there are not. The penalty exists to punish the agencies in existence right now that [™DIAL FINANCE CO., Dept. 1-092 J I 410 Kilpatrick Bldg., Omaha 2, Nebraska trafficker. I think this point is important. could help, there really hasn't been such [; Please rush FREE details, Loan Order I | If an addict happens to end up as a a program established anywhere except Blank in plain envelope. big trafficker, he should be responsible in California. There should be a general jj Name for his trafficking activity. As far as the program in every state. We in the Federal | | addicts are concerned, we feel very Bureau of Narcotics feel that this is pri- I Address strongly that attempts should be made to marily a state responsibility, possibly Town, .Zone State. . .. cure them, if possible. They should be with federal support, if and as needed. | | THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE JANUARY 1964 35 WHAT HOPE FOR NARCOTICS CONTROL? port and export certificates so that we hop up their soldiers so they'll come (Continued from page 35) can know exactly what's supposed to screaming over the field of battle. I've come in. The only two drugs legally per- been told by some of our Korean veterans But at present, although California has mitted to be imported are raw opium and that the North Koreans were often such a follow-up program and New York coca leaf. hopped up to their eyeballs when they is starting one, the rehabilitation aspects M: Coca leaf? attacked our lines. of narcotics cure are still in a sort of G: I have no personal this, G: We get cocaine from it. knowledge of vacuum. but I do know they used it in another M: Are certificates for importation is- M: You make a strong case for the States way. They saw to it that drugs were sued by the Pure Food and Drug Depart- taking over the rehabilitation problem. smuggled in to the South Korean civilian ment? G: But first of all we must control the population to undermine the morale of G: No, by us. This is another reason why amount of drugs available in this coun- the South Koreans. our efforts have been so effective. One try, so that they are not easily available M: What substance is there to stories Bureau handles all the controls on nar- to susceptible individuals. that there's a crime syndicate that profits cotics; it's not split up among different on drug pushing, among other rackets? M: That must mean stopping the stuff agencies. We handle the legal controls G: Criminal syndicates do traffic in at the border? and regulate the legitimate flow of drugs drugs as a part of the whole picture of or- G: Yes. But it's very difficult stopping for medical purposes, at the same time ganized crime. Many of the top echelons it at the border without prior informa- keeping our finger on where each and of the crime world engage in narcotics tion. every grain comes through legally. This traffic. M: Then you need agents abroad? system eliminates the opportunity for il- M: It's pretty generally believed that the G: Exactly. For instance, we have a licit diversion. racketeer types prey upon high school headquarters office in Rome. We also M: I've been told that the communists kids primarily because they can create have offices in Paris, Marseilles, Istanbul, are trying to flood our country with nar- future customers that way. From what Beirut, Bangkok, Singapore, Mexico cotics to weaken our moral and physical you say, that's not the story at all. City, and Monterrey. The Bureau of stamina. Is that true? G: We come right back to what I told Customs also operates in Hong Kong, G: As far as the drugs coming out of the you earlier. It's not the seller who creates and we work very closely with Customs. Far East are concerned, it's true. There's the addicts, it's the addicts who convert Our men abroad are constantly gathering a terrific flow of drugs coming out of the other addicts through association. If you information and tunneling it here to help Yunnan Province of China. That's one talked to a doctor about this, he would us make seizures at the borders and sea- of the reasons we put an office in Bang- employ such terms as "susceptible indi- ports. Our efforts to stop the importation kok. There's no question that in that par- viduals," "environment," and "low will- of drugs into the United States are based ticular area this is the aim of the Red power threshold." First you have a per- on trying to stop their export at the Chinese. It should be apparent that if you son who is a "susceptible individual." source, so we work with foreign police could addict a population you would de- Then you have an environment that and undercover. After locating growers grade a nation's moral fiber. Also, if makes addiction not only an accepted and international traffickers, we have they're able to sell drugs to us, they're thing, but easy. Then you have the drug. helped many local foreign police depart- going to get dollars back, and that kind When all of these elements come to- ments make some huge seizures. of drain can weaken us financially, too. gether, the situation is ripe for a person M: Do any narcotics come in legally? M: So it's not so fantastic then? to become addicted. One of the phy- G: None except what we authorize for G: Oh, no. Absolutely not. sicians in our Lexington, Ky., hospital our own medical needs. That is a very I suppose there's a third use for Chi- M: made the statement from his study that small proportion that we manage by im- nese narcotics. If there's a war they can he felt that one addict is usually responsible for converting four more people to addiction. If that one addict had enough drugs for himself and was able to furnish the others with drugs, this would happen,

but if he doesn't have enough for himself —and here is why availability is so important—he can't very well "hook" new addicts.

M: What is the source of most of our illegal narcotics?

G: I've mentioned that heroin is derived from opium. It comes into the United States from three sources: two major ones and a third that isn't of much con- sequence except in the southwest. Most of our narcotics come from Europe and the Near East. Opium comes out of

Turkey. Turkey is one of the world's legitimate producers, but in that area there's a certain amount of illegal diversion going on, so that instead of selling

it to the Turkish government, the pro-

ducer sells it to the trafficker. The opium

that is diverted then usually moves on

into France. Along the way it's processed from raw opium and a morphine base — —

to heroin. Then it comes into the United 47,489 active addicts reported, which Live Longer And Better in States. is where we get the one in 4,000 figure. Even more significant is how many new NEW MEXICO M: It sounds almost as if the drug sup- addicts are being won over annually to THE ply flows through a regular channel or drug use. If there's a reduction in new HEALTHIEST funnel. SUNNIEST addicts, it means that each year we're G: The problem is that the channel or CLIMATE going to have a lower percentage of funnel shifts constantly. One year it's in addicts in our population, and that's in All America Syria, another time in France. Sometimes The fortunate people who live in New Mex- exactly what is happening. ico wake up to sunshine 355 days out of each it comes here directly, or it may come year. They don't know what it is to be op- M: So far we've talked about the past via Mexico or Canada. Canada has a pressed by humid heat in the summer or by drug addiction problem that almost par- and the present. What hope do we have winter's cold, damp clutch. They know that in New Mexico the rate of cancer and heart the States, though for narcotics control in the future? allels that of United disease is only half of what the Nation as a areas for better control are their percentage is about one in 5,000. G: The whole faces. They work and play in a climate clearly marked out. One is the critical called America's healthiest! M: It seems as if dope is being routed area of treating addicts and in following Deming, New Mexico is in the southwest cor- by some pretty slippery characters. ner of the state, away from the rigors of up their cure to make sure it's a lasting winter. A boom has begun here and Deming's G: It is. We also have dope coming in one. That's a rehabilitation problem. 8,000 population should accelerate vigorously from the Far East out of the Yunnan during the next few years. Situated where it Second, we're working on expanding our is, DEMING RANCHETTES should prosper Province by way of Burma, Thailand, or overseas staff. Third, we have a training from this boom. We have fertile soil, pure down into Singapore and Hong Kong, underground water and gorgeous mountains. school with a two-week course in which The price of a half-acre each of which has a bad addiction prob- complete Ranchette we train any state and local police officer is only $249, $5 down and $5 a month. Write lem of its own. To add to our troubles, for FREE color portfolio, including actual wishes to attend. assume the cost who We photographs of that some cultivation of opium is done in homes Ranchette owners of the training, but food, lodging, and are already living in. No salesman will call. Mexico. Heroin from this crop appears transportation are for the state To N.Y. State residents: Sale of this property is by Offering paid by Statement only. This Statement has been filed with the Dept. generally in our southwest, but it's only or community. Since the school started of State, N.Y. Copy available from subilivider upon request. a small portion of the total. However, in 1956, we've trained over 1,000 en- DEMING RANCHETTES, Dept. T-8H most of the marijuana used in the United 112 West Pine St., Deming, N. M. forcement officers, and naturally their Please tell me your story. Send your FREE port- States comes from Mexico. folio including maps, color brochure. 476-4 increased knowledge on the narcotics Name marijuana have M: Does the Mexican problem has helped. Most people don't Address more wallop? know about this school, or about how the City Zone State G: I don't know, but that's where most rate of addiction has dropped. Nor are of ours comes from. Local law enforce- they aware of the effectiveness of our ment has been very good about spotting overseas staff. Such accomplishments Dire** STUDENTS! TEACHERS! ARTISTS and eradicating "backlot" marijuana in don't make shocking and sensational 0UU this country, so the traffickers have had news stories. Also, it appears that some to go elsewhere. news writers are sent out with "instruc- !fl tions" on how to report, or on how we Off Retail Prices of M: Is our drug addiction spread evenly SAVE "o V2 Comparable Instruments over the whole country? need "a whole new approach" to the narcotics problem, instead of showing NEW MODELS G: Narcotics addiction is generally a JE*tt5£g Italian Accordion Makers! Sen- big-city problem. Over 80% of the U.S. what has been accomplished. sational new ideas! Modern new styling! Nev> features! Buy direct from save up to one- addicts are concentrated in four states. I've read sensational articles about Importer M: half1 World's largest accordion dealer offers fabulous selection New York has 46.4% of the country's how horrible the whole thing is, but you over 40 models* Electronic Models, Amplifiers. Small down payment. addicts, and most of them live in New make me think there is hope for the BONUS GIFTS FREE FOR PROMPTNESS York City. California has 15.6%, mostly future because we've made so much Trade-inB welcomed— Disallowance. Try before you buv on our NO in Los Angeles. Illinois accounts for solid progress up to now. RISK 5 day FREE TRIAL. Satis- faction guaranteed or money back. practically all in Chicago. I'm glad if I have, but on the other Rush coupon today for gorgeousnew 14.8%, The G: Color Catalogs. Free gift offer, Dis- untPrice List. No obligation. Write: other drug center is Michigan with 3.8%, hand, I don't want you to get the impres- Accordion Corporation of America Ismtm Chicago Avenue most of it centering in Detroit. sion that the battle is won. Far from it. 2003 West Dept. A-14 - CHICAGO 22, ILLINOIS We're still fighting, still trying to exert M: What accounts for the high per- Accordion Corporation of America, Dept. i 2003 W.Chicago Ave., Chicago 22, III. more pressure, we'll jj more and and go on I Send Free Catalogs—Big Discount Price List. centage of addicts in cities? j fighting and exerting increased G: There are the obvious social and en- pressure NAME to reduce that one addict in 4,000 to ever ADDRESS - vironmental factors that come into play CITY ZONE STATE.. lower percentages. the end Check here if you have a Trade-in. in crowded cities, plus the fact that money is easier for an addict to get in big cities. Certainly if narcotics are going to be available, they're going to be in the major metropolitan areas. This big-city "WILL YOU SMOKE MY concentration is very helpful to us. It has made it possible for us to close 32 NEW KIND OF PIPE... offices in the field in the past ten years 30 Days at My Risk?"\ NO MONEY—JUST SEND YOUR NAME and shift the men to other areas where All IT wantwant, is yourvnnrTnimpname soen IT can writewrit.** and tell youvnn whywhv L. willing to pipe for 30 days' smoking . I'm send you my , , _ , - they are needed. It is obvious why New t- L 4Dtv 10 n bunnysme without a cent of risk on your part. This is not a new . * AKtT, Ibyu Ave. Dept. 246-A, Chicago 40, III. York City leads the rest of the country. model, not a new style, not a new gadget, not an im- | provementprovemeni on oldoiu stylesiyie pipes.pipes, nIt'ss basedoaseu on an entirely rPleaselease mailman factstacts about your 303U It has all the needed factors and in addi- new principle that harnesses four of Nature's immu- | day offer of a Carey Pipe postage table laws—contradicts every idea you've ever had prepaid. Then I will let you know if I want to try it at your . free, will call. tion is one the nation's sea- risk. This information is no salesman | of major about pipe smoking—and delivers a smoking pleasure kind ports. And Chicago is on the direct line you've never before experienced. My new of pipe smokes cool and mild hour after hour, day after day without NAME,. of transit. rest, without bite, without bitterness. It doesn't have to be "broken in". It never has to be "rested" and it never accu- mulates sludge f To prove all this, I want to send you a Carey I ADDRESS- M: How many known addicts are there? Pipe to smoke 30 days at my risk. Send your name and address today for my complete trial offer. Mail coupon now to ' In G: December 1962, there were some E. A.CAREY, 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 24E-A Chicago 40 I CITY THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 37 NO MONEY DOWN! Legalized Gambling & Taxes. HOME- SITES Giving Children Money. $495 Lovely Vi acre sites in Central Florida hills, PERSONAL Burglaries Up. lake, grove area $495. no money down, $10 a month • 5 miles from famous Rainbow Springs • Electricity, phones • 22 miles to Gulf Coast • Fish, hunt • Invest or retire. Legalized gambling is going to be a hot subject for headlines—and argu- FREE color folder • Write Dept. 650-A Rainbow Park, Box 521, OCALA, Florida. ments—for a long time to come. 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Name . Age 7 5 j Now take notice of the powerful club A Q J 9 4 Address suit in dummy. If declarer does have V A 10 8 .Zone State. three worthless diamonds, he is going to L_C|ty_ A K 6 2 try to establish dummy's club suit as soon * as possible to discard his losing dia- and open the spade monds. pose you are West EARN be a TAX CONSULTANT deuce. Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 Therefore you must "attack." Win the MORE month busy tax season preparing income East takes the first trick with the spade tax returns in spare time—and operate first trick with your ace of hearts and profitable Business Tax Service yielding steady king and returns the spade jack. South's monthly fees of $10-$50 per client, year round. LEAD A DIAMOND (the technically Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part queen is trapped. So your side proceeds time home-office business. No experience necessary. correct card to lead is the four of dia- We train you at home and help you start. Write to win the first four spade tricks. Now today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed monds—fourth from the highest). Your by N. Y. Education Dept. you, West, must lead to trick five. National Tax Training School, Monsey H-17, N. Y. diamond lead is in the effort to knock out dummy's ace, in the hope that you will If you lead a heart, declarer can gain be able to cash two diamond tricks when a trick by ducking in dummy and win- you win the lead with the king of clubs. ning his jack. If you lead any card other than a dia- If you lead a diamond, declarer can mond at trick two, you allow declarer to also gain a trick. Suppose you lead the make his bid regardless of his diamond diamond five. Declarer plays low from You Can Now Be FREE holding. [Whenever you see a long and dummy: If East plays low, declarer wins strong suit in the dummy, you must cash his ten; if East plays his jack, declarer From Truss Slavery all available tricks in the side suits as wins his ace and later finesses through Surely you want to THROW AWAY TRUSSES FOREVER, be rid of Rupture Worries. Then soon as possible, lest you lose the timing.] your queen—winning an extra trick with Why put up with wearing a griping, chafing and unsanitary truss ? For there is now a mod- If you do not fear that declarer will dummy's nine. ern Non-Surgical treatment that is designed to be able to discard any losing tricks on So you must not lead a heart or a dia- correct rupture. These Non-Surgical treatments are so dependable that a Lifetime Certificate of another suit, it frequently is advisable to mond at trick five. You must lead a club, Assurance is given. Write today for our New FREE BOOK that play a "passive defense." Each time you which gives away nothing. Declarer has gives facts that may save you painful, expensive win the lead make the safest possible exit only eight top tricks. If he is forced to surgery. Tells HOW and Explains WHY NON- SURGICAL Methods of Treating Rupture are so —avoid leading any suit that is apt to break the heart and diamond suits him- successful today. Write today—Dept. HI 131. EXCELSIOR MEDICAL CLINIC, Excelsior Springs, Mo. lose a trick for your side. For example: self, he cannot develop the crucial ninth The contract is three no-trump. Sup- trick. THE END LEARN

HAVE YOU CHANGED YOUR ADDRESS? MEAT CUTTING Train quickly in 8 short weeks at If you have changed your address recently or will be moving in the near Toledo for a bright future with security in the vital meat business. Big pay, full-time Jobs—HAVE A PROFITABLE future, you should notify this magazine at once. Also be sure to notify your MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after graduation. Diploma given. Job help. Post Adjutant. Fill in the blank below and mail to: Circulation Department, Thousands of successful graduates. Our 4 1 st year! Rend now for big, new illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. G. I. Approved. The American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46206. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING Dept. A-44, Toledo 4, Ohio CHANGE OF ADDRESS For Quicker Service (Be sure to give all information requested) Please Fasten Your Old Please Type or Print People 50 to 80 Address Label Here Da+e- MAY NOW APPLY FOR A $2000 LIFE NAME. .POST NO INSURANCE POLICY Member's Name ... at a special money-saving rate! Let CARD NUMBER. .YEAR. DEPARTMENT- us send you information about how to Include Letter Prefix apply for this $2000 old line legal reserve OLD ADDRESS. policy by return mail. Street Route or P.O. Box There is no obligation and no one will POST OFFICE_ .STATE call on you at any time. Zone NEW ADDRESS- Simply tear out this ad and mail it Street Route or P.O. Box today with your name, address and year POST OFFICE— -STATE of birth to Old American Insurance Co., Zone Dept. T157M, 4900 Oak Street, Kansas City 12, Missouri. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 39 THE ORIGINAL MAN WITHOUT A COUNTRY (Continued from page 15)

Union badges, and other appropriate Vallandigham, who contended that secuted as a Democrat, Lincoln pointed emblems" in the crowd of 10,000. There the Commission had no authority over out that Major General Burnside and was a two-hour parade. Six horses pulled a civilian, was allowed personally to Judge Leavitt were also Democrats. a float carrying 34 pretty girls dressed cross-examine witnesses and to have "Long experience," wrote Lincoln, "has in cheesecloth and representing the then civilian counsel. The principal witnesses shown that armies cannot be maintained existing states. Speeches followed and were Captains Means and Hill. Vallan- unless desertion shall be punished by the

the officers made notes. digham countered with Samuel S. Cox, severe penalty of death. . . .Must I shoot "I have the most supreme contempt a Democratic Congressman who had a simple-minded soldier boy who deserts, for General Order No. 38," shouted Val- spoken at Mount Vernon. He testified while I must not touch a hair of a wily landigham. "I have the most supreme Vallandigham's language had been agitator who induces him to desert. . . . contempt for King Lincoln. Come up, strong but not treasonable. I think that in such a case, to silence united and hurl the tyrant from his After two days of evidence, the Com- the agitator and save the boy is not only throne. The men in power are attempt- mission found Vallandigham guilty and constitutional, but withal, a great ing to establish a despotism more cruel sentenced him to "close confinement" for mercy." and oppressive than any that ever ex- the duration of the war in a fortress to Confining Vallandigham anywhere in isted." And in answering a question, he be designated by the commanding offi- the North, however, was not likely to may have said: "Hang the United States, cer of the Department. In a decision later silence or discredit him. Lincoln found I hope the day will come when I will upheld by the Supreme Court, Federal the answer in the line of General Order never hear the name." Judge Humphrey H. Leavitt on May 1 1 No. 38 that promised deportation of refused a writ of habeas corpus in the enemy sympathizers "beyond our lines The two captains took their notes to case. Burnside approved the sentence into the lines of their friends." On May Burnside and at 3 a.m. on May 5, Val- and designated Fort Warren, in Boston 19, he commuted by telegram Vallan- landigham was arrested at his home in Harbor, as the place of Vallandigham's digham's sentence to banishment to the Dayton by a company of soldiers sent confinement. Confederacy. by special train from Cincinnati. They A great hue and cry developed. Val- "His record is black as night," com- took him there by the same train and landigham argued that he was a martyr mented the Albany Evening Journal on jailed him at Kemper Barracks. He was for liberty and free speech. He was a May 22. "In any other country than brought before a military commission the scoundrel, a hero, a traitor or a patriot, our own, he would have expiated his next day and, on the basis of his words depending on what newspaper you read. crimes on the gallows long ago. He has at Mount Vernon, charged with "pub- President Lincoln, to whom the case been unceasing in his efforts to aid and licly expressing, in violation of General came as a surprise, was asked both to abet the Rebellion, divide the North and Order No. 38, his sympathies for those free Vallandigham and to remove Burn- bring on a collision between the Gov- in arms against the Government of the side. The General offered his resigna- ernment and the People. His speeches United States, declaring disloyal senti- tion but Lincoln refused it. have been made with the avowed object ments and opinions, with the object and He replied at length to resolutions of of inflaming the popular mind. . . .He purpose of weakening the power of the protest by a Democratic meeting at Al- has done his utmost to discourage en- Government in its efforts to suppress an bany, N.Y., on May 16. To the sugges- listments, encourage desertions, promote unlawful rebellion." tion that Vallandigham was being per- demoralization in the army, impair the public credit and degrade the Federal power in the eyes of the masses."

Vallandigham was taken down the Ohio River on May 22 aboard the gunboat Exchange from Cincinnati to Louisville and by railroad from there to Murfreesboro, Tenn., headquarters of Gen. William S. Rosecrans, Union commander in the area. After some acrimo- nious words between the two men, Vallandigham at dawn on May 25 was taken by a guard of cavalry down the Shelbyville pike and delivered under a flag of truce to the Confederate outposts. "I am here within your lines by force," announced Vallandigham, "and against my will. I therefore surrender myself to you as a prisoner of war." The surprised Confederates left him for several hours in a house in no-man's land guarded by a lone Alabama private until an am- bulance came with orders to take the prisoner to Gen. Braxton Bragg's headquarters in Shelbyville. Lt. Col. Arthur James Lyon Freemantle of the Cold- stream Guards, a British officer who happened to be there, noted in his diary that Vallandigham, "a good-looking man,"

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 received a week of unofficial hospitality. and so strengthen Lincoln's hands that The Confederates took his banish- he would be able to crush all opposition ." ment as evidence of serious unrest in the . . . Davis, then planning Lee's inva- North but were puzzled as how best to sion of Pennsylvania and Morgan's raid make use of him. They certainly did not into Ohio, didn't agree with this. So want him silenced as Lincoln intended. noted John Jones in what later was pub- Afflicted With Getting Up Nights, General Bragg on May 26 congratulated lished as "A Rebel War Clerk's Diary." Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, the Ohioan upon reaching "our land of Vallandigham received word at Wil- Nervousness, Tiredness. liberty, where you will find the freedom mington that during his banishment the If you are a victim of the above symp- of speech and of conscience secured to Ohio Democratic Convention at Colum- toms, the trouble may be due to Glandu- all" and gave him a passport permitting bus on June 1 1 had nominated him for lar Inflammation. Glandular Inflamma- him to travel "as any Citizen of the tion very commonly occurs in men of governor by a vote of 41 1 to 13. Cheered middle age or past and is often accom- Confederacy." But on May 3 1 the pass- by this he sailed the evening of June 17 panied by despondency, emotional upset port was picked up and at the suggestion aboard the Cornubia. Next day a U.S. and other mental and nervous reactions of both Confederate authorities and Val- man-of-war pursued the blockade runner . . . often signs that the glands are not properly. and might have halted her if the captain functioning Neglect of such conditions or a false had not dressed some of his passengers conception of adequate treatments may and crew in scarlet uniforms to make cause men to grow old before their time

the ship look like a British transport. . . . loss of vigor and possibly lead to Vallandigham later said he suggested the incurable conditions. ruse. NONSURGICAL TREATMfNJS The Cornubia arrived in Bermuda on June 20. After a pleasant ten days there, Most men, if treatment is taken in Vallandigham took another steamer for time, can be successfully NON-SURGI- CALLY treated for Glandular Inflam- Halifax, landed there July 5 and reached mation. If the condition is aggravated Niagara Falls, in what was then Canada by lack of treatment, painful and ex- West, on July 15. From the Clifton pensive surgery may be the only chance. House, he issued a ringing manifesto ac- Through intensive research, a new re- sultful Non-Surgical treatment method the Ohio nomination and an- cepting for Glandular Inflammation has been nouncing that his "opinions and perfected by the Excelsior Medical convictions as to war and peace" were Clinic. The mild Non-Surgical Method unchanged. To be closer to Ohio, he has proven so successful it is backed by a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. moved on August 24 to Windsor, on Men from over 1,000 communities in the Canadian border opposite Detroit. all parts of the country, have been suc- Vallandigham was now the true "man cessfully Non-Surgicaily treated. They found soothing comforting relief without a country." He had turned and and better Health. against the Union over a matter which he viewed as principle, but he was in RECTAL-COLON REDUCIBLE Canada because to the Confederacy he "Yes, I know—We've had several com- DISORDERS HERNIA plaints about them." was merely a tool of the moment. Per- Are often associated with is also amenable to a mild Glandular haps his life would have been more Inflammation. Non-Surgical treatment. Either or both of these disorders may be treated THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE glorious to memory if, from here on, he at the same time you are receiving Glandular had continued in his exile and developed Inflammation treatments. landigham, he became "a prisoner on the ultimate nobility of character or the parole." sense of remorse of his fictional counter- part, Philip Nolan. Such martyrdom was HE solved matters by asking to be not to be Vallandigham's. He had not sent to Canada. President Jefferson the character for it, nor was the United Davis on June 2 ordered Bragg to send States vigilant enough in enforcing his

"Hon. C. L. Vallandigham as an alien exile to give him a chance to develop it. Our New FREE Book is fully illustrated and deals with enemy under guard of an officer to Wil- From here on, as a national figure, Val- diseases peculiar to men and mington where further orders await landigham's life was all downhill, while women. Cives excellent fac- tual knowledge and could him." Accompanied by a Major Norris, Philip Nolan's immortal fictional career NWSMWCAL prove of utmost importance TREATMENT Vallandigham traveled by railroad was about to begin. to your future life. Tells How and Why new modern through Chattanooga, Knoxville, Bristol The Ohioan remained in Windsor Non-Surgical Treatment methods are proving so suc- and Lynchburg to the North Carolina while his supporters waged an active cessful. It is to your best port of Wilmington. There is no record campaign. A feature of this was pub- interest to write for a FREE copy today. of his seeing President Davis or other top lication in Columbus of "The Vallan- W mmmmm ------^ EXCELSIOR FILL OUT THIS Confederate leaders, but at Lynchburg digham Song Book." Mrs. Vallandigham | S MEDICAL CLINIC COUPON TODAY he was interviewed by Col. Robert C. joined her husband in Canada and an- Dept. Bl 150 Ould, Confederate Commissioner of Pris- nounced she would return only as wife J J I Excelsior Springs, Mo. oners. Ould handled the exchange of the of governor of Ohio. Informed of Centlemen: Kindly send me at once, your J prisoners. New FREE Book. I am interested in full in- this, President Lincoln told a story that , formation (Please Check Box) "He says," Ould wrote President has been repeated in every subsequent Hernia Rectal-Colon Clandular Davis, "if we can only hold out this year election. Her words reminded him of an Inflammation that the peace party of the North would I Illinois man running for supervisor. On NAME I sweep the Lincoln dynasty out of politi- election morning, he told his wife: "To- I ADDRESS. cal . . existence. .But he strongly advises night you will sleep with the supervisor I I TOWN against any invasion of Pennsylvania, for of this township." He lost and returned I STATE. that would unite all parties at the North, (Continued on page 45)

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42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 ORIGINAL MAN WITHOUT A COUNTRY At the last minute, he was nominated for his Third District seat in Congress (Continued from page 41) old LADIES!] but was beaten by his Republican oppo- to find her dressed to go out. "The other nent and returned to the practice of 23WEEKLYI man won," she explained, "so I'm going law. to his house." Two years later, on Christmas Eve With the idea of helping defeat Val- in 1870, a gambler named Thomas WEARING landigham in the Ohio election, Hale Myers was attacked by five intruders "The Man Without a Coun- conceived as he played faro above "The Ameri- LOVELY try," and James T. Fields, editor of The can," a saloon on High Street in Ham- Monthly, agreed to publish it. Atlantic ilton. Myers drew a pistol and fired DRESSES -m Vallandigham was defeated in Oc- But several shots. When the smoke cleared, SUPPLIED TO YOU BY US tober by a margin of 101,000 votes be- he lay dead. One of the intruders, AS EXTRA REWARDS. JUST appeared. fore the story Thomas McGehan, was arrested and SHOW FASHION FROCKS charged with murder. TO FRIENDS IN SPARE TIME In his autobiography Hale wrote: "I He retained Vallandigham as his law- told Fields . . . that I had in my ink- yer. Because of local feeling, Vallan- YOUR MONEY the story of 'A Man Without a stand digham obtained a change of venue to WORRIES Country,' that this would be a good time Lebanon, Ohio. When the case came to if print it in his GOODBYE! for it; and that he could trial the next summer, McGehan con- September number, he should have it in tended he had no pistol the night Myers HAVE PLENTY OF time for the Ohio election . . . Accord- was killed. As part of his preparation, EXTRA CASH FOR ingly, the article was set in type before Vallandigham bought a pistol and with THINGS YOU HAVE September. But alas! not printed, not a colleague fired it several times through ALWAYS WANTED. even in October or November. And Mr. muslin to study the powder marks. He Vallandigham was hopelessly defeated in pocketed the gun and they returned to OVER 125 October election with no credit to the his room at the Lebanon House the BEAUTIFUL poor me." A letter which Hale wrote evening of June 16, 1871. NEW STYLES Fields on Sept. 1863, that is now 26, "A man could easily shoot himself as in the Henry E. Huntington Library, NOW READY Myers was shot," argued Vallandigham. reverses blame for the delay. In the letter FOR DELIVERY. He pulled the pistol from his pocket to ...LATEST FABRICS Hale said: "My story, 'The Man With- demonstrate. He had forgotten that it AND TEXTURES . . . out a Country,' has been hindered in its was still loaded. One bullet crashed into FULL RANGE OF SIZES. completion. If I send it to you Monday his stomach. NO EXPERIENCE! p.m. or Tuesday, and you like it can — Some of the jurors heard the shot it go into November's Atlantic? I am NO INVESTMENT! and rushed into Vallandigham's room. curious about time, because it is a cau- NO CANVASSING! A mistrial was declared. After two later tion to Vallandighams . . . and so far trials, McGehan was freed, but what GET THIS OPPORTUNITY. my contribution to the political crisis." PASTE_COUPON POSTCARD of his lawyer? Vallandigham did not _0 j June 1864, seven months after On 14, live to see his client freed. In the final ["fashion frocks, inc. the story was published, Vallandigham ' Dept. P-10101, Cincinnati 2, Ohio anticlimax of his life, the man who was I Yes, I want the opportunity of earning $23 weekly donned a false mustache and put a pillow supplied to by you the model for "The Man Without a I for wearing lovely dresses me as extra rewards. Without cost or obligation, under his vest in his room at the Hirons , Country," which became a lasting phrase I please RUSH everything I need to start at once. House in Windsor. Unrecognized and in our national idiom, died painfully, """» *n» unmolested, he took a night ferry to De- j just short of his 50th birthday, the Address troit and rode in a sleeping car to Ham- I morning after his accident. City 7nn* c.tat« j ilton, Ohio, and suddenly appeared at THE END a meeting of Democrats. "I was abducted from my home and forced into banishment," he told them. "The assertion of the President that I was laboring with some effect to prevent the raising of troops is absolutely false." S^188 The meeting named him a delegate to DEEPSELLING FOR A SMALL 1000's of ITEMS DIRECT FROM THE U.S. GOVT: Guns, Cots, Autos, the 1864 Democratic National Conven- FRACTION OF THEIR Recorders, Radios, Wolkie-Talkies, Books, Trailers, Tools, Poro - chutes. Scooters, Amphibs, Power Plants, Binoculars, Mine Detectors, tion in Chicago. ORIGINAL COST Sextants, etc. See Prices Below: Jocks. .. $4.00 Ladders. .. $1 .00 BUY DIRECT From Boots $1.00 Desk $1.50 Bicycle. .. $5.00 Batteri es. . .$2.00 Vallandigham's return theU.S. was reported Government Cots. .52.00 Mattress $1.50 Engines. .. S5.00 Tool Box. ..$ .50 At TREMENDOUS to Lincoln but the war was going well Fan.. $2.00 Ponchos $1.00 Sleep. Bag S2.00 Canteens. ..$ .25 SAVINGS! Eliminate the middleman - SAVE BIG MONEY! Pots. .$1.00 Jackets. 4100 Stove $1.50 Blow Torch $1.25 Ammo .15 .. $1.00 for the North and the President ignored Pay as low as 2? on the dollar or less! Our Directory Bed.. $5.00 Arties... $1.00 Box. $ Trousers. Government Surplus Sales lists 100's of Army, Navy, Ait Extra Illustrated Catalog. 150 low priced the Ohio politician. At Chicago, he Force Government Surplus Depots. Many of them right in popular surplus items, discount priced, your own back yard. BUY JEEPS, sports equipment, hunt- helped the Democrats write a peace plat- that you can order by mail. FREE when ing, fishing and photographic equipment and supplies, you send $1.00 for our surplus directory. form. This was repudiated at once, how- radio, electronic and electrical equipment, trucks, boats, FREE airplanes. Plumbing, hardware, office equipment and sup- | Aviation Surplus, Inc. Dept. No. 48, Box 177 ever, by Gen. George B. McClellan, the plies. Tools, machinery, furniture. We DO NOT sell jeeps Abbottstown, Penna. or other surplus. This book tells how to buy Government party's I Enclosed is $1.00. Send Surplus "Directory" and unsuccessful nominee for Pres- Surplus direct. No dealer profits to pay. With this Directory catalog, $1.00 will be refunded if not satisfied. too, moke sensational savings | ident, but Vallandigham spoke in his you, can on 1000's of items Gov't, sells at low, low surplus prices. Send $1 TODAY behalf in several states. for the "Government Surplus Directory". 1 Name SOME TYPICAL SURPLUS SALE PRICES: In 1868, he sought his I party's nomi- Autos $78.00 Hoists $3.68 Fork-Lifl. .$197.00 Addrt Boats $5.90 Motors $ .99 Compressor. .$9.69 nation for U.S. Senator but the Demo- Trucks $212.00 Tractor $68.00 Hyd. Cyls. . .$1.09 Generator. .. $8.78 Planes Gear Box City. State.. crats, some taunting him as "The Man $159.00 $.97

Without a Country," gave it to another.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 45 > BOOKS 4

Pro football has grown in popularity during experiences encountered by a witty member The Case for Guerrilla the last five years to a point where it is con- of the human race. sidered by some to rival baseball as the na- Warfare tional spectator sport of the United States. Jet Pioneers, by Grover Heiman. duell, In his book on American skiing, Mr. GUERRILLA, by Charles W. Thayer. SLOAN AND PEARCE, $4.95. Bowen takes the reader through the basics Harper & Row. $3.95. Profiles of people who developed, proof skiing techniques, then tempts him to try Convinced that unclear weapons have moted and gambled on the jet age. out his skill as he pictorially visits ski areas forced a military stalemate upon nations and throughout the United States. The book that future wars will be waged on a limited also discusses the Olympics, the official agen- The Case for South Africa, by Eric H. author sets forth a case for guer- scale, the Lonw. magfadden hooks, paperback, 60^. rilla lighting and maintains that this kind A defense of the white man's position in of lighting is "peculiarly suited to the re- South Africa by that country's Minister of strictive conditions and prejudices of the Foreign Affairs. present age." Guerrillas as individuals and in groups, Sports, The American Scene, edited by the causes for which they fight and the kind Robert Smith, mcgraw-hill, $5.95. of leadership that is needed for a successful A collection of entertaining sports stories guerrilla operation are all considered. Since by outstanding writers, from the pages of a cause and leadership are the two factors Sports Illustrated. which are the heart and strength of any

guerrilla movement, it is of the greatest importance that guerrillas be convinced of the Confessions of a Bohemian Tory, by Rus- worthiness of their cause. Only when they sell Kirk, fleet pub. corp., $4.50. are will these fighters, generally recruited Reflective essays about travel, people, re- from among the populace and often poorly ligion and society by a prominent writer on clothed, trained and armed, be willing to conservatism. continue the unceasing harassment of the enemy that will result, if not in victory for Practical Fingerprinting, by B. C. guerrillas, at least in loss for the enemy. the Bridges, funk & wagnalls co., $6.50. The training of such forces, their combat A complete and thorough study of finger- and psychological tactics, and their useful- printing, in a revised and updated edition. ness as auxiliaries to larger fighting bodies are discussed in relation to specific conflicts where guerrillas have been engaged. Such Men of the Contrail Country, by Ed Miller, prentice-hall, inc., $4.95. far flung spots as: Vietnam, Cuba, Guate- Mack Fascinating stories about the men who mala, the Philippines, Yugoslavia, Greece, have flown are presently flying our na- Malaya, Hungary and Latin America are and tion's planes in defense of America's skies. viewed as they relate to the success or failure of guerrilla operations. Because political upheavals are taking Start of the action Chicago Stories, by George Ade. henry place in certain of the areas mentioned, the regnery co., $5.95. book loses some of its impact— for example, cies of American skiing, various competitors Newspaper stories written in Chicago at much of what it says about Vietnam and the and some of the zany fads that have added the turn of the century which capture the Diem regime is as old as November's news. to the fun in skiing. flavor of that city in the Gay Nineties. But in analyzing guerrilla warfare, the book Looking only at the National Football provides excellent information about a mili- League, Mr. Maule, a former publicity di- Of Spies and Stratagems, by Stanley tary technique which may play a growing rector for the Los Angeles Rams, catches the Lovell. prentice-hall, inc., $3.95. role in our nation's defense preparedness. excitement of the game, the physical ex- The people, activities, adventures and Citing instances where the United States cellence of the players and the color of the achievements of the Office of Strategic already has made effective use of limited teams that induce millions of Americans to Services in WW2 are discussed by that striking forces, Mr. Thayer strongly urges follow pro football on Sundays during five service's Director of Research and Develop- greater use of irregular warfare and more months of the year. The book gives a ment, after 20 years of enforced silence. and better training in it. thumb-nail history of the League, a brief sketch of the development of the game, and has a separate chapter on each team in the Beat the Last Drum, by Thomas J. Flem- Sports on the Move League. ing, st. martin's press, $5.95. The last months of the Revolutionary THE BOOK OF AMERICAN SKIING, Trujillo: The Last Caesar, by Gen. Ar- War, culminating in the siege and surrender by Ezra Bowen. J. B. Lippincott Co., $17.50. on October are turo Espaillnt. henry regnery co v §4.95. of Yorktown, Va., 19, 1781, THE GAME, by Tex Maule. Random A highly readable account of the Domini- colorfully recaptured in detail. House, $10.95. can Republic under Trujillo, and the Carib- Sports enthusiasts have a special treat in bean political situation as it affected that Sense in Poker, by Irwin Steig. store when they sit down to read either or Common country, by the Dominican Republic's for- both of these beautiful books, one on skiing, cornerstone library, $3.95. mer Secretary of State Security. Poker for everyone, with chapters on the other on pro football. Designed to give Draw, Stud, High-Low and Wild Card vari- as much pleasure to book readers as to The Story Free Enterprise, by R. ations that are entertainingly explicit and sports fans, each is lavishly illustrated with of Joel amusingly illustrated. photos that might well lure you to the slopes Belknap, the devin-adair co., $3.75. of the theories or the nearest professional football stadium. A review major economic of a Republican form of government and Though there is little about the two You Can Predict Your Heart Attack & the political and moral challenges these sports that would seem to identify them with Prevent It, by Menard M. Gertler, M.D. theories face in today's world. each other, they do have one element in RANDOM HOUSE, $4.95. common—growth. Skiing, with some 2 mil- Science is now able to pinpoint potential lion American skiers, is one of the fastest A Short History of Fingers, by H. Allen heart disease types and to reduce the chances growing participating sports in the country Smith. LITTLE, BROWN & CO., $5. of heart attacks among these people, states and new areas and trails open every season. Brief sketches of the follies, foibles and the author. gsh

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JAN UARY 1964 "

THE DEATH OF FLOYD COLLINS (Continued from page 11) BORROW BY AIRMAIL

The story also possessed a basic ele- as a tourist attraction. It was not a very S1OO-53O0.S600 or MORE ment of great drama—suspense. From profitable venture but, after this taste of NO embarrassing inv> hour to hour and from day to day no success, farm work appealed to Floyd dons; NO representativ call cn you. Collatera one quite knew whether Collins was less than ever and he set up shop as a going to be rescued or not, and since he cave explorer. He seldom received cash EXAMPLE was in contact with the outside world for his services but contracted with TOU NEED ONLY HAVE A STEADY INCOME TO QUALIFY. Simplified transaction is han- Cash You Gel 24 Mo Pails rrely by airmail; you receive your during part of his ordeal, and his reac- farmers to explore earth openings on i a few flays. Your friends, employer $400" $2400 ill not know of the loan. Take advantage of this fast, dignified loan service today! tions to his situation were reported, it their land with the understanding that if tion of Bankers Investment Company was easy for people to identify them- he found a cave which turned out to be NATIONAL LOANS, Dept. 11-0 " Tejon, Colorado springs, Colorado selves with him and vicariously to share profitable, he and the owner would split Mr. R. D. Osborn, Vice President his suffering. The fear of being buried the proceeds. NATIONAL LOANS, Dept. 11-0 101 S. Tejon, Colorado Springs, Colo. alive is instinctive in most of us, and In this work he was fearless. "He Please ruih "Loan Agreement" in plain envelope.

Namp flccupatinn 1 here it was in real life, just as it had been warn't scared of nothing," one of his | described by Edgar Allan Poe and other friends said after his death. "He would • Arirlrpcc Age 1 authors of horror stories. crawl into a hole that a varmint wouldn't ! Citv 7nnp Statp i The story had still another element go into." According to Floyd's step- that helped to sustain interest — local mother, Janie Collins, however, he did color. As hopes rose and fell, ludicrous have misgivings at times. Just a few days SIROIL GUARANTEES as well as tragic incidents highlighted before he crawled into his last cave, she the efforts of the would-be rescuers. The said, he told her he had had a terrible PSORIASIS tent city outside the cave took on aspects dream about being caught underground of a country fair, carnival and revival and having "big ugly things" creep over RELIEF meeting, and many of the back country him. OR YOUR MONEY BACK Siroil works . . . we guarantee it or money people who flocked to the scene were "For goodness sake, Floyd," Mrs. Col- back. Siroil stops the itching, removes embarrassing scales and crusts, and it's bucolic characters right out of hillbilly lins said she told him, "stop going down easy to use. Millions of bottles of Siroil have legend. in those holes." been sold. Get Siroil today at all drug stores. He promised her he would not go into . o» i.m nm Laboratories Inc. Dept. »L 30, Santa Monica, Calif. Collins was not a hillbilly any more dangerous places, she said, but !~s"iroil Floyd | Please send me your new Free booklet on PSORIASIS, j himself, but his background was the next thing she knew "there he was I NAME Print rural caught in the awful fix he had dreamed Please | and he was not highly educated. A ADDRESS strong, lithe, middle-sized about." man of 35, CITY STATE with dark, aquiline features, he had at- It happened on Friday morning, Jan- tended a country school and had been in uary 30, 1925, while he was doing a job the Army for a few months, but he had of cave exploring on the farm of a neigh- never spent much time in cities. Unmar- bor, Edward Estes. Floyd had stayed tow cost RUPTURE ried, he lived with his father, stepmother, overnight at the Estes home, risen at 5 two brothers and a sister on a not very a.m., put on a pair of high-laced boots prosperous farm in Edmonson County (a fatal mistake) and had breakfasted TO BRING \7 !Wt&M*J^.iM£M in south-central Kentucky. Floyd never with the Estes family. Just as it was get- HEAVENLY COMFORT cared much for farm work and some of ting light, he made his way on foot across and SECURITY or it Collins' neighbors implied he was not en- fields of corn stubble patched with snow Costs You Nothing! thusiastic about work of any kind but to a deep ravine. He entered the ravine Rejoice, Ye Ruptured! This patented Brooks Air Cushion that was the worst thing ever said of him. and near the bottom of it lighted a lard Appliance—for most forms of A quiet individual who minded his own torch and crawled into a sandy cave reducible rupture—now is positively guaranteed to bring' business, as the saying went, he had just which was just large enough for him to you heavenly comfort and one real weakness he was a "cavin' squeeze through. security, day and night, at work or play—or it costs you — nothing! Light. No springs or hard pads. Low cost! Buy fool." Floyd did not return to the Estes farm- NO rupture device till you get our free facts. Write! BROOKS CO., 302-A, STATE ST., MARSHALL MICH. All his life he had lived within a few house for dinner or supper and members miles of Mammoth Cave, in an area of the family assumed he had either gone known to be riddled below the surface home or dropped in on other neighbors. by other caverns carved over centuries When he did not show up for breakfast Shrinks Hemorrhoids by underground tributaries of the Green the next day, however, the Estes' be- River, and ever since he was a small boy came vaguely uneasy and Jewell Estes, New Way Without Surgery he had been crazy about caves and 17, went to the cave in the ravine and searched for them whenever he had the yelled into it. "Hey, Floyd," he shouted, Stops Itch -Relieves Pain chance. While thousands of other kids of "Hey, Floyd!" For the first time science has found a his generation dreamed of some day fly- From far down in the cave, Jewell new healing substance with the astonishing ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve ing one of those new-fangled airplanes, thought he heard a faint reply so he pain — without surgery. Floyd's ambition was to discover new crawled into the cave a few yards and In case after case, while gently relieving worlds underground. shouted again. Then he heard Floyd's pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. Most amazing of all — results were so In 1917, he partially realized this voice distinctly. He had been trapped by thorough that sufferers made astonishing dream. Following a trapped badger a slide since the previous morning, he statements like "Piles have ceased to be a problem! which suddenly disappeared, trap and all, said, and needed help to get out. He The secret is a new healing substance into a crevice in the earth, he discovered asked Jewell to go and fetch his younger (Bio-Dyne®) — discovery of a world-famous research institute. brother, Homer Collins. a sizable cavern which he named Crystal This substance is now available in sup- Cave. In partnership with his father, An hour or so later, Homer, who was pository or ointment form under the name Preparation H®. Ask for it at all drug Lee Collins, Floyd opened Crystal Cave also an experienced "caver," reached counters. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 47 THE DEATH OF FLOYD COLLINS because they half suspected a hoax. They tucky Rock Asphalt Company also dis- (Continued from page 47) had been taken in in the past by stunts patched workmen and equipment to the devised to publicize cave "discoveries" scene and the Red Cross rushed in tents, his trapped brother. It wasn't easy and were determined not to be fooled cots and blankets for rescue workers, and though. In addition to being so narrow again. set up a tent hospital, complete with that a man could just manage to squeeze As all of Sunday passed without Floyd nurses in starched uniforms. Representa- through it. the cave was wet, slimy and being liberated, however, and with no tives of the press poured in from all winding. The straight line distance from one able to reach him except Homer and points of the compass and, by dusk, pho- the mouth of the cave to Floyd was about a courageous miner and fireman, it be- tographers were setting off so much flash 60 feet, but twists and turns in the pas- came apparent to the Louisville editors powder that it appeared a battle was in sageway it actually more than made that the reports from downstate were on progress. twice that far. the level. They gave the story a much There were, in fact, several battles. bigger play on Monday and assigned staff With no one in overall command of res- Floyd lay in a half-reclining position, reporters and photographers to head for cue operations, violent disputes arose his face turned slightly upward, at a Cave City, Ky., the town nearest the cave over what steps should be taken to rescue hairpin turn in the cave. He was so tight- where Floyd lay. At the same time, the Floyd. It was soon found that neither ly wedged in that he could barely move national news services put the story on dynamite nor heavy machinery could be his hands and feet and could turn his the wires and by Monday night the used without risking cave-ins that might head only slightly. A boulder had fallen buried man's predicament was being de- entirely close the cave, and there was bit- on his left foot and he could not extricate scribed on front pages from coast to ter wrangling between local people and it from his laced boot. Had he worn his coast. outsiders over whether the pick and moccasins, he said, as he often did when The publicity started things moving in shovel men should try to enlarge the pas- exploring caves, he might have been able a big way. At dawn on Monday there sage or dig a shaft directly to the point to wriggle the foot free. Floyd told were still only a few dozen people at the where Floyd lay. Homer his foot and leg were numb but cave, most of them friends or relatives Despite the disputes that further ham- what bothered him most was a madden- of Floyd. These included his father, a pered rescue attempts, there were some ing steady drip of water on his face. grayhaired man in a red sweater and old developments that appeared encouraging. After squirming out of the cave and Army overcoat who attracted considera- A skinny young reporter from the Louis- resting for a bit in front of a fire which ble attention by alternately praying aloud ville Courier-Journal, William Burke some neighbors had built in front of the for his son and declaring he would pay "Skeets" Miller, crawled into the cave cave, Homer crawled back in again. This a doctor $500 to free him by amputating several times at the risk of his life and time he carried food and drink to Floyd his foot. But by nightfall hardly anyone talked with Floyd. He found him weak and burlap sacking with which he made noticed the old man, for several hundred but still hopeful. He told the reporter a pad for his head that lessened the im- strangers had arrived on the scene. he had dreamed that angels on white pact of the dripping water. Floyd was Among the first arrivals were 100 sec- horses had brought him chicken sand- praying constantly to be rescued, he told tion hands who were rushed to the cave wiches. He asked for a drink of whiskey, Homer, and was confident his prayers by the Louisville and Nashville Railroad which Miller took to him on a subse- would be answered. with their picks and shovels and orders quent trip, despite the disapproval of a On Saturday night, after Floyd had to dig out the trapped man. They were good many people who, in those Prohi- been entombed for more than 36 hours, followed by another battalion of work- bition times, considered drinking not local correspondents phoned the story men who rolled in on a special train only unlawful but sinful. to the Louisville newspapers. The editors from Louisville armed with an air com- there published it in their Sunday morn- pressor and diamond drill loaned by the The next day, while confusion and ing editions but gave it limited space Louisville Fire Department. The Ken- bickering increased in the rapidly growing tent city outside, Miller dragged a string of electric lights into the cave. He looped one bulb around Floyd's neck and placed another inside his jacket to give him warmth. It was not very cold in the cave—about 68 degrees—but so wet that there was constant danger, doctors warned, of the trapped man developing pneumonia. That same day. Miller and Homer Collins led an attempt to liberate Floyd by main force. They stretched a rope from the mouth of the cave to a harness which they fastened around Floyd's shoulders and, at a signal, men outside the cave started to pull. As the line tight- ened, however, Floyd screamed in such agony that his brother pulled against the other men and the rescue attempt was abandoned. When news of this failure was pub-

lished it appeared to millions now sweating over Floyd's plight that his leg would have to be amputated if he were to be saved. One of these was a wealthy woman in Chicago who hired a surgeon to speed to the cave by special train and American people with the impact of a perform the operation. The surgeon was great disaster such as the Johnstown accompanied by another doctor and took Flood of 1889 or the Galveston Tidal GIANT with him a formidable amount of equip- Wave of 1900. Yet strong hope was still FLOWERING ment, including a Pulmotor. It is doubt- held for saving Floyd by means of a ful if he was nimble enough to have 1 2-foot square shaft which was now be- reached Floyd, let alone operate in such ing sunk vertically to a point which engi- GLADS cramped quarters but, be that as it may, neers figured was close to where Floyd Postpaid he never got a chance to try his skill. was entombed. and While the surgeon was still en route After the bungling of the first few 25 Guaranteed Miller organized an- south, and Homer days, these efforts were efficiently or- This collection is made up of fa- other rescue attempt. With 1 1 other men ganized under an "iron rule" proclaimed mous varieties. Glads are Amer- ica's favorite flower for cutting, they formed a human chain, lying on at the cave by Kentucky's Governor, f make excellent bouquets, altar their backs from the mouth of the cave William J. Fields, but progress was pain- displays and centerpieces. to the place where Floyd lay. Laborious- fully slow because of the treacherous na- Collection includes many different colors. ture of the ground. Digging a shaft there, 1964 SPRING CATALOG FREE! said H. T. Carmichael, the engineer placed in charge of operations, was like

putting your finger in a bag of peanuts 2 414 E Street HAMBURG, IOWA and expecting it to leave a hole. Sand FREE Spring Catalog 10 Glads 25c slides were constant, big rocks were en- NAME ADDRESS countered which had to be broken up CITY -STATE- with sledges because dynamite could not be used, and the shaft walls had to be strongly timbered every foot of the way. While relays of volunteer workers Corns,Callouses, toiled day and night in the shaft, the whole country held its breath. During Warts Disappear

this time another big news event ' was breaking in Washington, D. C, where Gen. William L. Mitchell was telling Or Money Back "What the heck is the ZIP CODE number Congress that in future wars airplanes No matter how long you have suffered from corns, callouses or warts— the first application of in that area?" might be even more important than bat- will banish pain and swelling and soon THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Alro Salve cause these hard to remove growths to disappear, tleships, but even this historic hassle, or your money will be refunded without question. remedy. ly, they passed along a crowbar and jack. which resulted in Mitchell's court- Do not confuse Alro Salve with any other This formula is different from anything on the Miller, the last man in the chain, placed martial, couldn't hold a candle in public market, is easy to apply. Do not suffer another day but try Alro Salve without risking a cent. the tip of the crowbar under the boulder interest to the story coming out of Ken- Send $1.00 + 30tf hdl. chg. to ALRO, 1149 Park which lay on Floyd's foot and tried to tucky. On Sunday, February 8th, prayers Ave., Dept. AL-3, Glendale 5, Calif. No COD's. lift it with the jack. were said for Floyd in churches all over Once the stone appeared to move a America. President Calvin Coolidge ex- little, then the jack slipped out of posi- pressed sympathy for him, and at the tion on its slimy footing. This happened cave, National Guardsmen with fixed ntftutuiWlbiv again and again until Miller was utterly bayonets had to control a crowd of more exhausted and had to give up, but Floyd than 10,000 curiosity seekers. was cheered by what had been done. They poured in on excursion trains P/ayRightAway! "Go out and rest," he told the re- from Louisville and Cincinnati and came Piano, Guitar, ANY Instrument porter. "Next time you'll make it." bumper to bumper in cars bearing the PLAY real tunes on ANY instrument right from Later that day, Thursday, February license plates of 20 states. They came the start — even if you don't know a single note now! Amazing course lets you teach yourself 5th, another member of the rescue team, in buggies and spring wagons, too, over at home, in spare time. No boring exercises. You play real notes. Make rapid progress. Easy as Everett Maddox, crawled into the cave wretched back roads, and on mules and A-B-C. Low cost. Over 1,000.000 students. FREE BOOK describes this famous and reached Floyd. He found him pray- afoot. Some of the men from the hill course. See how easy learning music can be. Write TODAY: U.S. SCHOOL ing—uttering moving words which were country wore coonskin caps and others OF MUSIC, Studio 461, Port Washing- ton, L.I., N.Y. (Est. 189S) Licensed by NY. published in newspapers all over the slouch hats which looked as though they State Educa. Dept. Tear out as reminder. country and reprinted in the widely read had been handed down to them by Con- Literary Digest. federate infantrymen. There were hill "Oh Lord, dear Lord," Floyd prayed, women who wore shawls of their own AMAZING "gracious Lord, Jesus all powerful, get spinning over their best calico dresses. me out of here if it is thy will, but thy An itinerant preacher who arrived on a will be done." mule used a stump for a pulpit from Maddox was the last person to see which he prayed for Floyd's deliverance PSORIASIS Floyd alive. Soon after he squirmed out and exhorted his listeners to seek salva- STORY of the cave, a calamity occurred which tion before it was too late. Jan. 10, 1960 — Pittsburgh, Pa. "Doc- had been feared all along. The roof of Commercial opportunists moved in tored for psoriasis 30 years. Spent much money to no avail. Then used GHP collapsed, cutting off all direct the cave too. Hot dog vendors, sandwich men and Ointment and Tablets for 2 weeks. Scales contact with Floyd, and every attempt dealers in apples and soda pop hawked disappeared as if by magic. In 6 weeks skin completely cleared and clean. First to remove the fallen earth resulted in their wares at exorbitant prices. A sur- time in 30 years. Thanks for your mar- velous products." This much abbreviated reptitious brisk trade further cave-ins. but was carried on report tells of a user's success with a This was a crushing blow to rescue in fiery moonshine whiskey. Jugglers, dual treatment for the outward symptoms of psoriasis. Full information and workers and the public. Veteran news sleight of hand artists and other sharpers details of a 14 day trial plan from Canam Co., Dept. 300 D, Rockport, editors said at the time that it struck the reaped a harvest. Even old Lee Collins Mass. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 49 THE DEATH OF FLOYD COLLINS ever shrinking chances of being rescued. and the Collins family helped keep the (Continued from page 49) At last, on February 16th, 18 days memory of him green. Homer Collins after Floyd was trapped, a miner named went into vaudeville, where he recited was not averse to making a bit of hay Ed Brennan tunneled from the rescue the story of his brother's entombment while the sun shone. Between prayers for shaft, now more than 50 feet deep, to several times a day, and Lee Collins ex- his son he passed out circulars advertis- the cave where he lay. As he came out, panded the name of Crystal Cave to ing Crystal Cave which anyone might Brennan spoke just one word to the as- Floyd Collins Crystal Cave. To bolster visit for an entrance price of $2. only sembled newsmen: "Dead." When it was the tourist busines there, the family hired Meanwhile, Miller and Maddox flashed around the world, it brought a miner to unearth Floyd's body. It was crawled once more into the now blocked mixed feelings of sadness and relief to then placed in an ornate metal and glass cave. When they reached the barrier of millions of people. casket, and put on display in one of the sand and dirt created by the cave-in, Doctors who made their way to corridors of the cave. they shouted loudly and received a faint Floyd's body through Brennan's tunnel During dull seasons at the cave, the reply from Floyd. "Come on down," he said he had been dead about three days, Collins family—father, stepmother and said, "I'm free." and gave exhaustion, starvation and ex- children—took the casket on tour. They However, Miller causes death. Later, six when asked him if he posure as the of played small theaters and tent shows in could reach a bottle of milk which had the East Kentucky hills and the Ozark been left in crevice, a he admitted after Mountains of Missouri and Arkansas, a long silence that he was not free. Ap- and the high point of their act came when parently he had said he was free hoping they all stood around Floyd's casket and it would encourage the rescue workers. sang "The Death of Floyd Collins." That was the last conversation anyone In 1929, the body was reported stolen had with Floyd. Heavy rains hampered from Crystal Cave. Members of the Col- the rescue by turning the shaft into a lins clan claimed it was snatched by rival caldron of mud, yet hopes of saving the cave promoters and thrown from a cliff buried man survived during another overhanging the Green River. The plot week of agonizing suspense, and every failed, they said, because the body caught day the representatives of more than 200 in the branches of a tree and was recov- newspapers who were by then at the ered by a search posse and restored to scene had fresh leads for their stories. its fancy casket. Operators of other caves On February 1 1th, the papers told how maintained this was all publicity hokum, banana oil fumes were being blown into however, and some even said Floyd's the cave while hundreds of sniffers scat- body was never exhumed from its orig- tered over the countryside in the hope inal resting place or put in a casket at all. that the odor of escaping fumes might It was a wax dummy, they said, that was reveal an alternate entrance to the cave. put on display. another On day, grave fears were ex- Today both the cave where Floyd died pressed that Floyd had been electrocuted and Crystal Cave are part of Mammoth because a high-power line used for flood- "That's Bill —has to make a big project Cave National Park and both are in areas lighting the shaft everything!" had come in contact out of closed to tourists because of the danger with the light wires to THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE leading him. Other of sink holes and rock slides. The casket headlines were devoted to Joe Wheeler, members of a coroner's jury crawled containing Floyd's body, or what is re- a Kentucky bloodhound of such re- through the tunnel one at a time and puted to be his body, is still in Crystal markable gifts that his owner claimed he identified the body. Then, with the con- Cave. What the National Park Service would be able to burrow his way to Floyd sent of Floyd's father and on the advice will do with it if the cave is ever re- like a woodchuck and then carry him of engineer Carmichael, who did not opened to the public no one knows at food and drink like a St. Bernard. wish to risk further the lives of his work- this time. Floyd's parents are dead and,

men, it was decided to leave the body with one exception, little is known in

military court investigated and where it lay and seal the cave "forever." Cave City about other members of the A scotched rumors published in Chi- A funeral service was held under the family or about those who participated cago that the whole thing was a giant open sky in the ravine with two ministers in the great cave drama of 1925. Re- hoax. In Battle Creek, Mich., a church officiating. Fifteen choir singers from the porter "Skeets" Miller, who received a congregation stayed up all night praying First Christian Church of Cave City ren- Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the for Floyd. In Omaha, Nebr., a stranger dered "Nearer My God to Thee" and story, retired recently after a distin- gave himself up to police saying he was "Jesus, Lover of My Soul," and a woman guished career with the National Broad- Floyd Collins and was held in custody soloist sang "We'll Understand It Better casting Company and now lives on a until a description of the real Floyd was Bye and Bye." farm in Vermont. wired from Cave City. When the service was over, the tent Meanwhile, the man he tried so hard Toward the end, as rescue hopes slow- city broke up, the crowd dispersed, work- to save has found a permanent niche in ly ebbed, the story even developed love ers, soldiers and newsmen went away. American folklore. Like other fabled angles. Floyd had not been known to Two days after the funeral, according figures of our past such as Davy have a sweetheart but three different girls to a local reporter, the only person to Crockett, Buffalo Bill, Steve Brody and in the vicinity claimed they were engaged be seen where there recently had been Annie Oakley, his name has entered the to him. The small post office in Cave City thousands was old Lee Collins retrieving national vocabulary and stands for some- was deluged with letters addressed to empty pop bottles. thing. The words "Floyd Collins" mean Floyd and a number of these were from Yet Floyd Collins was not quickly for- a man buried alive. And they also sum- other young ladies offering to marry him. gotten like so many celebrities of the mon up, as nothing else does so exactly, One ardent miss even volunteered to go 1920's. A lugubrious ballad called "The an image not just of Collins himself, but down into the cave with a minister and Death of Floyd Collins" outsold all other of the American public of the 1920's. marry Floyd at once, regardless of his hillbilly records for more than two years, THE END

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 1 :

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With noobhg.u jh, mail letter with 24 page illustrated Dealerships resell at up to Then decide if this opportunity fulfills booklet explaining how I can increase my income and 10 times the dealer's cost. your dream of independence and a much family security with a Duraclean Dealership. R.D.K., after 5 months, sold for bigger income. $2,000 above his cost. L.L., after Your location should be taken tomor- Name 30 months, got $7,116 more row ... so mail coupon today. than he had paid. The value of your dealership and franchise Address- grows monthly. Find Out with City_ _Zone State_ NO OBLIGATION _l AN ELECTRIC REEL is in the works, its patent held by John J. Lemons of an American Legion Post in Covington, La. Massive windlass-type electric reels have ROD . GUN been in use by commercial fishermen but CLUB this is the first for the sport angler. The unit is said to be compact, lightweight and perfectly balanced. It enables the angler to Tracks In The Snow keep both hands on the rod at all times while fighting a large fish. It will be available soon in all sizes. After a snowfall, animal footprints ap- nizes the tracks of a cottontail or hare which pear in the fields, along forest trails and look like two pairs of quotation marks A SURVIVAL WATER FLASK is a new near streams. A few simple rules will en- punctuating the snow. product for outdoorsmen. Also for anyone able any outdoorsman to "read" them. For Hunters want to know mostly about deer who is convinced the A-bomb might drop example: there is an obvious difference be- tracks, since this animal is their favorite any minute. It's plastic, pint size, and comes tween the footprint of a feline (housecat, big-game target. Hoofprints staggered in with a packet of resin chemical. Pour in bobcat, lynx, mountain lion) and that of a equally spaced pairs indicate the deer is the chemical and the flask can be filled 48 canine (dog, fox, coyote, wolf). Each shows walking. When the two pairs are bunched times, purifying six gallons of any water impressions of four toe pads and a "heel" together, the deer is running, at each bound no matter how polluted or dirty it might be pad but since every cat (except the African drawing its hind hooves forward alongside (except salt water). The chemical will also cheetah) retracts its claws and the canines the front ones and then pushing backward. remove radioactivity. Refills are available. can't, a cat track always shows five clear A buck or a doe? A buck is lazy, drags its The "water for living" flask is made by the hooves when walking and scuffs snow from General Ionics Corp. the front edge of each print. And when a buck runs in bounds, with hoofprints EXPLOSIVE BULLETS are illegal for use bunched together, behind each print are on game animals, but there's a legal kind small impressions of the two vestigial dew- hunters soon may be using—legal because claws that hang behind each hoof. The size although it doesn't contain an explosive, it DOG CAT of a deer's tracks are no clue to its weight; still explodes. Its large hollow point is filled pad impressions; a canine track has a nail for this the hunter must compare the depth with water and sealed, and when the bullet mark visible in front of each toe. The identi- of the tracks with others nearby or which enters animal tissue it blows up by hydraulic fication of which feline or canine made the action, the same kind of force that makes track is mainly a matter of its size. That of a hydraulic press so powerful. Lyman Gun the housecat is smallest. The lynx is larger Sight Corp. has experimented with them than the bobcat. That of the mountain lion successfully. And Remington is rumored to WHITETAIt DEER is king size but not larger than a wolf track. have a similar one that uses, instead of water, metal tube filled with liquid Tracks of dogs and coyotes are most diffi- he has recently seen. When four individual a narrow cult to distinguish. But the sly fox walks hoofprints of a walking deer mysteriously plastic. on its toes and leaves dainty prints like those appear larger than those preceding or fol- EVER TAKE A NIP of strong liquor as of a toy poodle, and they form an almost lowing them, it means the animal stood mo- a stimulant when you're ice fishing or hunt- straight line as though it were walking a tionless in that spot for some time, sniffing ing in sub-zero weather? Better be sure first tightrope. and listening suspiciously. that the liquor isn't at air temperature, A straight line of crosses, each about two The age of an animal track? If it is crisp warns Bess Griffin of Bozeman, Mont., who inches long, means a grouse has strolled by. and sharply outlined, it's a recent one. But saw hospitalized cases during WW2. Be- if its edges are rounded and glazed, indi- cause of its alcoholic content, it remains +-4-4-4- Ar -f 4- cating that they have melted and refrozen, liquid although its temperature may be far DIRECTION OF TRAVEL OF or if snow pieces have sifted into it, it may ALL below freezing and can cause severe internal TRACKS IS TO THE RIGHT be hours or even days old. When there is injury. Keep it under your clothing for a RUFFED GROUSE no snow, the heavy frost of a November it can warm up. dawn reveals animal tracks with photo- while so Pheasants leave crosses twice as large. When graphic clarity. And you can be sure they're MATCHES trying to read these crosses come to an abrupt end and fresh. But hunt fast; the sun soon burns DON'T WASTE the snow shows no signs of wingbeats, the them away. a map or sign at night, or trying to light bird is apt to be hiding inside a nearby snow- damp wood for a fire, advises Bill Bishop bank. Some animals leave human-like A HANDY TACKLE ITEM that you can of Perkasie, Pa. An empty paper shotgun better. Shred the tracks: the raccoon, skunk, porcupine, make now for next fishing season is a hook shell will do both jobs muskrat and squirrel. Their front feet re- disgorger designed by Charles Kebsch of paper and light it with a single match. It's well. semble palms with fingers; the hind feet Whalen Post 648 in Grafton, 111. It's made waxed, ignites easily and burns have elongated soles with toes. But the hind from an ice pick, its point heated and bent feet of the skunk and 'coon have five toes; into the shape of an old-fashioned button- ANGLER'S KNIFE that will fillet fish as as scale is the make-it-yourself the other animals listed show only four. hook. When using it, he holds the hooked well them Pittsburgh, Pa. fish by the fishline, places the curved point suggestion of Ben Hall of rig it yourself, he says. Just of the ice pick over the line and slides it You can quickly old hacksaw blade and snap it in down until it hooks the fishhook. Then he take an holds up the fish by the ice pick (which has half, then grind a point on the broken end, other end for hold of the fishhook) and shakes it. The wrap plastic tape around the cutting on the fish drops off as if by magic. a handle, and grind a edge And the toes and fingers of the 'coon are straight side. The side with the saw-teeth long and skinny; those of the skunk are STORING YOUR GUNS for the win- can be used for scaling. The blade is fine wide and pudgy. The muskrat has long ter? Don't forget to dustproof the deli- steel and will take a razor-sharp edge. pointed ones; the porky's are fat with broad cate optics of your rifle's telescopic sight. If have a helpful idea for this feature palms and soles; the squirrel's prints are Once dust cakes on them it's difficult to re- you send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you tiny and show long sharp claws. The "two- move without scratching the surfaces. Bill $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- toed" cloven hoofprints of the deer, elk and Mills of Jacksonville, N. C, recommends turn, or enter into correspondence concern- moose with their sharp frontal points are wrapping plastic film over each end of the ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, unmistakable. That of the deer averages scope with rubber bands. To keep dust out The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth three inches in length. And everyone recog- of the barrel, wrap the muzzle, too. Ave., New York, N. Y., 10019.

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 , —) — —

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Send Check or Money Order. If C.O.D., $2 Deposit. Money Back Guarantee. EMPIRE MDSG. CO., Dept.QSEl 140 Marbledale Road, Tuckahoe, N. Y. HOW FOREIGNERS FAKE AMERICAN PRODUCTS (Continued from page 13) getting his lumps in the scramble for tors there supply smaller operators imitation Parker we are making in China. foreign markets. around the world with counterfeit labels Why should we buy any pens? We can Sometimes life and death may hinge to be attached to imitation brands. supply all we need ourselves, and are on product quality. In Latin America, In one of the newest rackets, pirates getting a big foreign market, especially tricksters filled empty Squibb containers are flooding foreign markets with coun- in Russia." with a peanut oil compound fortified terfeit phonograph records featuring top In some countries, the first person to with only a dash of penicillin, and mar- American recording artists. The latest register a trademark becomes the legal keted them as Squibb's Penicillin. Pa- song hits are recorded on master disks, owner; though in the United States, the tients already weakened by disease suf- which are used to press wholesale quan- first to use a mark on a product is the fered severe complications from these tities of pirate disks. Fidelity is rackety legal owner. "penicillin shots." tackety, but nobody complains. Snorted Recently in Spain, two men registered "Practically every large American a Hong Kong record dealer, "Of course a sketch of a baby's head exactly like company has had trademark infringe- they don't complain. With such big the one on Heinz' baby food. This was ment problems in foreign countries," names as Elvis Presley, Perry Como, Pat clearly a move to hold up Heinz if Heinz notes prominent trademark attorney Boone, Frank Sinatra, Ricky Nelson and should ever decide to market its baby George Von Gehr of the Chicago law Paul Anka all on one record—and at a food in Spain. It usually costs a pretty firm of Langner, Parry, Card & Langner. price next to nothing—they certainly penny for a company to buy these opera- He estimates that over a billion dollars can't complain." tors off. worth of imitations are sold each year. In Hong Kong, pirate records sell for Another stratagem, used successfully Trademark piracy boomed abroad as low as 20^ each in American money. several times in Iran, is to wangle an during the World War 2 shortages of They sell fast also in the Philippines, appointment as a franchised dealer for American consumer goods. This period Formosa, Iran, and Latin America. a U.S. brand product, then employ the put a premium on the talents of unin- Such pirates are depriving legitimate American firm's publicity materials and hibited operators turning out imitations. record makers of many millions of dol- money to advertise counterfeits. When shortages vanished as the world lars each year. economy bounced back, brand piracy "Profits are so attractive," says Henry Some years ago an American in Mex- continued unchecked. It is a lucrative Brief, executive secretary of the Record ico registered, for $2 each, almost racket. Industry Association of America, "that every famous American brand not al- Smart operators pore over ads in big-time hoods are pouring money into ready registered there. During the ensu- American publications, choosing trade- the racket. Profits are better than they ing years, many of these American firms marks they will "borrow" to affix to car- can make peddling narcotics, and risks have tried to sell their products in Mex- load quantities of cheap imitations. Some are far fewer." ico—and have been dumbfounded to American concerns find overseas mar- Radio networks, by constantly spin- learn they couldn't do so without first kets shut to their bona fide merchandise ning phony records, support the racket- dealing with the "rightful owner." because bogus brands, which to the eers. When Manila's legitimate record Almost every year, another American casual native eye are the same as the makers asked networks to spin only gen- company dickers for this American's per- originals, sell cut-rate. uine records, one said it would cooperate mission to sell its own products in Mex-

The story of the shapely gal intrigued if the others would. The others wouldn't. ico. His price for being bought off ranges by the menu in a Chinese restaurant may up to $10,000 per trademark. be appropriate here. Japan spouts a gusher of counterfeit One reason why label piracy is such Enchanted by the designs on the menu, wares, including Singer sewing ma- a tough problem today is that many na- she took it home and copied some of chine imitations that have flooded many tions are soft on counterfeiting, espe- the marks, knitting them in big char- countries. In the United States alone, at cially when an American firm is the acters on her tight-fitting sweater. After least 20 different Singer imitations have patsy. Even when a pirate is convicted, she had worn the sweater around town shown up. he usually pays only a small fine. Laws for months, a Chinese translator asked Singer's former big-volume sales to are riddled with loopholes. if she knew what the words meant. Japan have almost died. B. F. Thompson, Despite these handicaps, American

"Gosh, no. I thought they were deco- Singer public relations director, said: firms would do well to follow a hang- rative," she said. "Japan's import restrictions against tough philosophy, namely:

He smiled. "They say, 'Cheap but Singer products seem to be an effort to 1. Any American company that sells " good.' protect the Japanese sewing machine in- or plans to sell in a foreign country Similar bloopers occur when trade- dustry." should register its mark in each such mark pirates who don't savvy English Since some of this industry's output country. This is the cheapest insurance copy a U.S. trademark to the t. In the Far consists of imitation Singers, this means against piracy. East, Borden's dairy products labels are the import restrictions, in effect, protect 2. If counterfeits crop up, the vic- copied even on items having no con- the pirates against competition from the timized company should gather all evi- nection with such products. Imitation genuine article. dence available. If the evidence doesn't Borden labels on glassware, drugs and Counterfeiting of American products lead to a conviction, a public airing of toilet articles carry the words, "Pow- also thrives in communist countries—an the mess may frighten a counterfeiter dered Whole Milk." unintentional compliment to the quality off. A gentleman in China registered of goods produced by our capitalist econ- Expert help on all trademark problems "Ligule" as a confectionery product. omy. is available from the U. S. Trademark "Ligule" was the way he spelled "Wrig- S. J. Chen, head of the communist- Association, 6 East 45th Street, New ley." ruled Bank of China, told a Wall Street York, N. Y. 10017.

Hong Kong is one of the world's great Journal reporter that it is unlikely Red Well armed in advance, many Ameri- centers for counterfeiting. Many com- China would become a big market for can companies have triggered devastat- panies openly take orders for nearly consumer goods from other countries. ing broadsides against trademark pirates. any counterfeit brand. Some big opera- Chen flashed a sleek pen. "This is an THE END

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J/ UARY 1964 Buv Below Wholesale!

ELECTRIC am POWERED SB CALENDAR ELECTRIC TRANSISTOR TAPE 8mm MOVIE WATCH *2iWITH- Swiss movement OUT RECORDER RAZOR $112 BAND Beautiful styling CAMERAS Complete with powerful Si Product of Swiss Tells time and date, too. Sweep No winding. Drop-in | built-in dynamic speak- ! craftsmanship . . . second hand, gift case, stainless loading. Simple expo- er. Records — Plays Shaped to shave the heaviest beard. steel back, water resistant, and sure system eliminates focusing. Back — Erases — Re- Maker guarantees for 2 full years. antimagnetic. METAL EXPANSION Black and white or color movie film. winds. Includes microphone, With cord, head guard and brush. BAND llsf. Pistol grip houses tiny batteries. battery, tape, reels, etc. r /DiSCOVER PROnTS of IMPORT-EXPORTT . . . And, these are only a few of the hundreds of import bargains you can how to get thousands of products at rock bottom prices! get to make fantastic profits of 200% and more . . . here are examples of Fantastic import bargains like these put you in this big money home import business. other high profit imports: Thousands of amazing import bargains can lead you to opportunities Australian Wool Sweater. . $2.00 far beyond your wildest dreams. Start now at home, spare or full time. Cuckoo Clock 63 Cash in now without previous experience or capital investment. Pocket Electric Train Set 1.36 Cigarette Lighter .17 cash even before ordering merchandise! Sparkling imports bring first Electric Carving Knife .... 1.50 day profits. Beginners—make your first import transaction 10 minutes Binoculars 1.20 Teakwood Chest .90 receive ship plan. Bargains fast to stores, after you my drop go premium Derringer Pistol 5.74 users, to friends and others. Star Sapphire Ring 6.00 Electric Hair Dryer 1.37 Prices or Subject to Market Fluctuation. orevious experience time • No* h time or part investment • Full guides WE WORK FOR YOU— My 53 globe trotting couriers home business t cut p | an search trade centers of the free world for new bar- city, step Start anywhere, yQU step by gains. New imports are evaluated by our 22 staff • Only the rurai area^ specialists in Product Intelligence Center. town, f best are given Mellinger Seal of Approval— hundreds ^ ^ are flashed to you in monthly Confidential Bulletins. fREE Vet

B. L. Mellinger, J Famous World COUPON BRINGS FREE BOOK Trader, President of The Mellinger Co., Dept. M301 The Mellinger Co. 1554 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Los Angeles 25, California

Send Free Book showing how I can start a business of my own and

make big profits. Show me how I can get bargains like these and Beginners following this plan report thousands more direct from overseas suppliers. "On my very first transaction I made $904.00 for just 4 days work ." I . . D.M.C. "With ... My wife and started this business together Name_ an initial investment of less than $100, I have grossed a profit in ." the neighborhood of $12,000 . . D.L.S. "I was stumbling along on

a time card job without much future. Now I can enjoy the freedom Address- ." and security of a business of my own . . W.JJ. Many beginners start this way with little capital. City

The MELLINGER CO., 1554 S. Sepulveda, Dept. M 301, Los Angeles 25, Calif. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 55 — j

t-ee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee -feei MONEY BY MAIL ffee -fee -fee -fee -fee -fee ^e -&e -fee -fee -foe -foe -foef BORROW $100 UP TO $500 ON YOUR OWN SIGNATURE • 24 Monthly 24 TO Amount MONTHS REPAY of Loan Payments Enjoy life, end money worries! Con- $101 1 5 $6 00 THE fidential BORROW-BY-MAIL plan pro- $204 ^ vides cash for any purpose. Small 64 $12 00 • payments, fit your pocketbook. Pri- $314 91 $18 00 AMERICAN LEGION vate, entirely by mail. No endorsers, no personal interviews. Fast service. $410 28 $23 00 Details sent in plain envelope. No $500 00 $27 61 obligation. Inquire now. ("AMERICAN T5 AN ~PL AN,~De~A,A~ i^jgNl I 335 W. Broadway. Council Bluffs, Iowa '-..J/ SHOPPER Name i I J A^Hroct I j Cty | a J | g» Occupation _

I 1

Men with Cars Wanted to Cash in on Fabulous Demand for

DWARF FRUIT TREES S?/ /weir* eemwre. If you want to make more money in most exciting work, here it isl Quietly and without fanfare a few thousand men have been cleaning up fortunes with a lineof products known the world over to HOME OWNERS but little talked about among SALESMEN. It's the thrilling, many-million-dollar Nursery Business—the business of offering exclusive patented varieties POOL TABLES . . . professional quality, of Dwarf Fruit Trees .. . trees no higher ELECTRIC TRAIN, genuine 23 piece, all than a lilac bush that grow bushels of all big time features. Incl: cues, balls, metal, with punch out signs. This battery 7' ' delicious, full -size apples, peaches, chalk, triangle. x 3V2 (175 lbs.) $139.50 operated beauty comes with locomotive, pears. Everywhere every family with FOB fcty, $70 down, balance two monthly coal car, log carrying car with logs, ca- a pieceof ground is interested in a home payments, 8' x 4' (195 lbs.) $159.50 orchard which, often in 2 years, produces fruit for table, FOB boose and circular track, other acces- canning, and to sell for profit. As many as 9 trees can be fcty, $80 down, balance two monthly pay- sories. Complete $2.98. BARGAIN TRAINS, planted in a backyard as small as 20 feet square. ments or charge Diner's Club account. Dept. AL, P.O. Box 50939, New Orleans 50, of this G & K SALES CO., 23 West 47th St., New llfl MniirV YouMl get a huge kick out La. OLIiU nU IYIUIiLI work by offering eager buyers fra- York, N. Y. grant blossoms in the spring, crops of tree-ripe fruit in the fall, and beauty all year long. Ours is the oldest nursery in the world (since 1816), biggest in America. _ For complete starting equipment and plan — all free — write today to: — STARK BRO'S., Desk 26014, Town of Louisiana, Missouri.

HAVE A PRODUCT TO SELL? You'll sell more of 'em, and faster in The American Legion Shopper than in any other mag- M ""V azine. So if you want to boost FISH BY SMELL sales, write The American Le- FREE NEW GETZEM is fortified with gion Shopper, 720 5th Ave., New QUMOX hormone attractant and York 19 for a rate card and full VITAMINS concentrated food odors fish love. One tube catches dozens of fish. Not an information. Get a 25-day $1.25 supply oil that stays on surface. Instead, it dis- at no charge ... a high- perses, penetrates deep into water. Legal potency vitamin-mineral in every state. Only $1.25 per tube (3 for formula fortified with A fiEWI $2.95). Six flavors. Indicate choice: NEWER FORM OF IRON. Send 10c to Trout. Cat. Carp. Other fresh water. CuWbus Cows! cover shipping to VITAMIN-QUOTA, Salmon. Other salt water. 30-day money-back — Dept. A-143, 880 Broadway, New York guarantee. Postpaid except C.O.D.'s. ODD PAPER MONEY/ 3, N. Y., or Dept. A-143, 1125 South NORKIN LABORATORIES, Dept. AL-14N Big Value—But Yours Crenshaw Blvd., Los Angeles 19, Calif. 809 Wyandotte, Kansas City, Mo. FOR ONLY 70c Send for this valuable Not Want packet of odd and curi- For Those Who Do ous coins, paper money an exciting introduction to fast growing hobby! INCLUDED GREY HAIR You'll find coins from "TOP SECRET makes my hair Formosa (Free China look as it did years ago!" says our ally), Austria, far-off famous dance band leader Jan after East Garber. "I noticed results Africa, friendly just a few applications. And TOP Turkey, etc. Giant value SECRET is easy to use—doesn't but yours for only 10£ on stain hands or scalp. TOP SECRET this special offer! $100,000 in is the only hair dressing I use." Join the fun Right Away CONFEDERATE A FAVORITE OF THE STARS TOP SECRET has been a favorite with Get your packet of coins and "MONEY"! famous personalities for years Exclusive money plus $100,000 Confeder- formula imparts a natural looking color — These lots-of-fun JET POWER FOR '64. P-300 Jet Outboard 5-H.P. to gTey or faded hair Does not streak or ate money bonus— together with facsimiles are Motor. Weighs only 29 lbs., operates in 3" water, infure hair; does not wash out. Send lists of rare coins available and incl ) for 6 oz. plastic skims over weeds, economical, ideal for trolling. V«5 $5.00 (Fed. Tax other interesting offers on ap- yours for prompt- container. (Convenient for traveling, Prop! 12,000 Clinton repair stations service proval. Just send your name and ness while the No too.) Ppd. No COD's, please. Money back this engine. Guaranteed. Retails for $169, Special if not delighted with results of first bottle. address now with 10c to: supply lasts. Factory to You price $119. Send Check or M.O. or $10 down shipping. ALBIN OF CALIFORNIA LITTLETON COIN CO., Dept. 1-AL C.O.D., we pay PROPUL- NEW! 13 OZ SION RESEARCH, INC., Dept. D, 7644 Knox S., Rm. 14-61, 3100 Vanowen St. Littleton, New Hampshire Minneapolis, Minn. Giant Size $9 Burbank, Calif. 56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 .

This section is presented as a service to readers and

Don't be chained to office, advertisers. All products are sold with a money-back desk, store counter, or factory machine. Prepare now. in spare time, for outdoor man's dream job in Forestry guarantee. When ordering, please allow a reason- & Wildlife Conservation. Get the facts. Plan to live the life you love. Mail coupon today! of time for handling and shipping. able amount OPPORTUNITIES IN YOUR STATE? THRILLS AND ADVENTURE We show you how to seek openings in your Many Forestry & Wildlife men hunt out job stale and other states mountain lions - parachute from own Coast to Coast. Age limits planes to help marooned animals 17 to 45, sometimes older or save life of injured campers- on private game farms and protect forests-arrest game viola- hunt clubs. We are not con- tors. Adventure, public service, good nected with the Government. pay. Rush coupon today. SECURITY-RETIREMENT- FREE! 3 GUIDES! PAY Each jam packed with ex- LOW LIVING COSTS-GOOD citing Coijservation Carec Most conservation careers are perma- Facts! Bush coupon today nent-Uo layoffs. No worry about your paycheck. Living costs are low, too- and a pension may assure you a good income for life when you retire. HEALTHFUL OUTDOOR LIFE. Hard muscles, bronzed skin and vibrant good health are extra rewards|of outdoor living. Sleep under the pnes. Catch breakfast from icy streanp. Feel ami look like a million! % f; VACATION JOBS FOR STUDENTS No experience or preparation needed for vacation jobs in Parks, Forests, Vacation Resorts. Many accepting Ap- plications now. FREE BOOKLET tells how and where to apply. Rush coupon today!

ICE Brass gal. fits drill, BARREL CART. trimmed 3 ARCO ROTO-FORM any electric North American School of Conservation, Dept. 61 walnut stained barrel, plastic liner, drill holds press, motor. Shapes contours, re- 941 No. Highland, Los Angeles 38, Calif. day's supply of ice and beverages. Hand moves paint, planes, sands, bevels. Cuts Rush 16-page Fact Book on exciting Conservation Career-also self-scoring truck is polished hardwood, brass trimmed wood, plastics, metals, etc. Never clogs Aptitude Quiz & 3-month subscription to Conservation Magazine-ALL FREE! wheels. Brass lid and nameplate. Brass or needs sharpening. No. 1252, 1%" dia. plated ice tongs. 25 x 14 x 13". 14 lbs. with Vi" shank, $1.98 ppd. No. 5500 set NAME — _AGE_ #6000. $29.95. G & K SALES CO., 23 West of 3 sizes (%", IV*", l 7/a" dia. drums) 47th St., New York, N. Y. $3.95. ARCO TOOLS, Dept. AL-1P, 421 W. STRE£T_ 203 St., New York, N. Y. T0WN_ Approved Member: Association of Home Study Schools

Such SAFE Comfort for Reducible Inguinal RUPTURE! Rupture-Gard makes A MUST FOR WEAPON COLLECTORS you more comfortable Over 1000 different weapons, related two ways — in body, items with actual photographs and TRIANGLE STAMPS on* 10/! because no pressure descriptions grips you— in mind, because rupture feels so priced to sell in *m safely supported! Rup- our excititing, thick s& ture-Gard is suspended 216 pagele catalog Jpy from the waist. Double referencetee book pad of firm molded foam rubber holds rupture like a EDGED WEAPONS pair of hands—moves with body, no matter how sharply you move. Washable; adjustable as trouser-belt. ANTIQUE FIREARMS 30-day trial; money-back guarantee. Order today —$9.95 postpaid—just give waist measure. THE KINLEN CO., Dept. AL-14W 809 Wyandotte, Kansas City, Mo. Start TODAY to enjoy an exciting hobby! Get this big valu- Send H. able collection of gorgeous, multi-colored, triangle-shaped

(refunded postage stamps . . . brought to you from strange and mys- terious lands in the wilds of Africa, enchanting Europe, with first purchase) exotic Orient; such as — Congo, Latin America, Monaco, this valuabl for Chad, San Marino, Malaya, and many others. All genuine, MADE $1200 ON You will be so glad you did! all different — picturing animals, jungle birds, fantastic scenery, action sports, warriors, clipper ships, etc. PLUS T Illustrated Bargain Catalog and an attractive selection of ^'Museum of Historical'Jrms* approval. Send only IOC ONE JOB stamps on Otpt L.1038 ALTON ROAD, MIAMI BEACH, FLA. Jamestown Stamp Co., Dept. H14AL, Jamestown, New YorK Some make more, some less We help you start Your Own All-Year Business = Mis. Frederick Johnson SEPTIC TANK TROUBLE? Make BIG Money! G. H. Jones = 2216 South 23rd Ave made $1200 on one school job Reactivator = West Highland Par^^ NORTHEL with our highly efficient wall - Anytown, KamasBOglS works to keep septic tank washer which cleans walls 6 and cesspool clean. A times faster and better than by bacteria concentrate hand. No special skill ... small investment ... oper- Labels with your "ZIP" CODE! ate from home. Customers everywhere — homes, breaks up solids and inde- PRINTED offices, schools, churches, hotels, etc. Enjoy grease works to pre- — . . . layoffs bosses. Can start NAME & - pendence free from and ADDRESS LABELS 50* vent overflow, back-up, part time until full time is justified. Rich Gold Trim — Free Plastic Box odors. Regular use can Write Today for All the Facts! Start using the new ZIP code numbers on your save costly pumping or return address labels (the Post Office will tell you FREE BOOK—MAIL COUPON TODAY digging. Simply mix dry powder in water, your number). ANY name, address and ZIP code VON SCHRADER MFG. CO. beautifully printed in black on white gummed flush down toilet. Non-poisonous, non- 117"W" PI., Racine, Wisconsin paper with rich gold trim. Up to 4 lines. 2" long. caustic. Money back guarantee of satis- Set of 500 labels in plastic box, just 50c. Ppd. faction. Six months supply (23 ozs.) Name Fast service. Money back guarantee. only $2.95 postpaid. Address Send for free catalog. NORTHEL DISTRIBUTORS, AL-1 5501-3 Drake Bldg. "Walter Flralf-o P.O. Box 1103 Minneapolis Minnesota City _Zone State. VVdHCl UIcUlG Colorado Springs, Colo. 80901 40, THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 57 n

The AMERICAN LEGION CLASSIFIED

For rates, write to Classified, Inc. 100 E. Ohio St., Chicago 11, Illinois

BUSINESS & MONEY MAKING OPPORTUNITIES HELP WANTED MEN—EARN $6.44 HOUR CASH. No selling. No equipment Directory of Foreign-U.S.A. job possibilities. Most occupa- necessary. No prior experience required. Car furnished. Busi- tions. Up to $1600.00 monthly. Often free transportation. ness expenses paid. Fill urgent need for Accident Investiga- Benefits. Money back guarantee. Send $1.50 ($2.00 airmail), tion specialist your area. Operate from home— full time or C.O.D.'s accepted. International Employment, B1, Box 22038, during spare hours. All facts Free. Universal, CA-1, 6801 Hill- Indianapolis 22, Indiana. crest, Dallas 5, Texas. TREMENDOUS OPPORTUNITIES — U.S.A.— Overseas — Package fast selling items for self-service racks in stores. Full, Choose Jobs — Locations — Transportation — Free Details.

spare time home business. We supply sources . . . everything OCCUPATIONS, International Airport Box 100-K10, Jamaica needed. Experience unnecessary. Complete plan free, HPC, 30, New York. 807 HFA Sunset, Los Angeles 12 ART INSTRUCTION Make Money in spare time filing saws with automatic ART LESSONS $6 a Month. Course includes drawing, p?int- machine. Free plan tells how. #130-4 Foley Bldg., Min- ing, commercial art; Art Kits worth $25. Assignments cor- neapolis 18, Minn rected with overlays and returned to you by mail. Write for Manufacturer! Build special Custom Cases to Become Home FREE BOOK. No obligation. WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF order, Untapped market. Terrific profits. We provide instruc- ART, Studio 1981 X, Po rt Washington, New York. tions, supplies, everything! Full, spare time. Details Free. Customcase, 805 CFA Sunset, Los Angeles 12. "HOW TO MAKE MONEY WITH SIMPLE CARTOONS" A book everyone who likes to draw should have. It is free; Import-Export opportunity, profitable world-wide, mail order — no obligation. Simply address Cartoonists' Exchange, Dept. business from home, without capital; or travel abroad. We 1351, Pleasant Hill, Ohio. ship proven plan, for no risk examination. Experience unnecessary. Free details. Mellinger, Dept. M-1721, Los Angeles CRAFTS & SUPPLIES 25, California. SKILL-CRAFTS New '62-'63 catalog. Largest and finest EARN BIG MONEY repairing electrical appliances! Learn selection of Leathercraft, Artist, Hobbycraft supplies in the in spare time at home. FREE BOOK. Christy Trades School, world. Free Gift with first order. Send 50*. Refundable with 3214 W. Lawrence, Dept. A-1H, Chicago 60625 first order. Skill-Crafts, Box 167-A, Joplin, Missouri. SELL Advertising book matches. Write us today: we put you INVENTIONS return mail; handling complete line ad book in business by Inventions needed immediately for manufacturers. For addi- in demand by every business right in your town! matches tional information write Kessler Corp., C-921, Fremont, Ohio, No investment; everything furnished free! Top commissions daily! Superior Match, Dept. JX-164, 7530 S. Greenwood INVENTIONS wanted: patented, unpatented. Global Market- ing Service, 77th, Oakland 5, California. Chicago, III. 60619. 2420-L PArNT MURALS FOR PROFIT! Earn $10—$15 hr. No art GOLF SUPPLIES experience needed. New Projection Method. Huge demand GOLFERS. Beautifully illustrated wholesale catalog free. from bars, builders, homes. Free Success Plan. Associated Golfers Supply Company, 343 Osage Drive, Oswego, Illinois. Muralists, Dept. Q-1C, 135 Vesta, Reno, Nevada, HOBBIES FREE BOOK how to clean Clogged Drains. Power Impact Gun Monthly. Sample removes roots, grease, rags instantly. Toliets, Sinks, House to- "THE WANT AD HOBBYIST" 25c. 2700 71601. Street Sewers, Bathtubs, Septic Tank Lines, V" to 6" pipe. Bay, Pine Bluff, Arkansas Helpful Free Sketch of Plumbing Pipeline in Buildings. Save PHYSICAL FITNESS Repair. Tear this Ad out. Write Miller Sewer Rod, Plumbing Adult physical fitness, a program for men and women, pre- CFF, 4642 North Central Avenue, Chicago 30, Illinois. Dept pared by President Kennedy's Council on Physical Fitness. Patio Blocks. Manufacture Imitation Quarried Stone and Free This booklet Free with order of VITALURE Exercise Oil, GOODBYE RUPTURE MISERY with pat-

I o Booklet. Forms, c. Dept. A, 554 W. Adams St., Chicag 6, HL te', Dept. A-2, 90 Main Stre et, Mineola, $1.00. Bonne San N. Y. ented Comfo-Truss. Just 3V2 oz. yet gently, American, Box AMAZINGMoneymaking Opportunities! 35*. MUSIC-SONGPOEMS surely holds reducible inguinal hernia. 41, Mi ssouri. 663-MA, Kansas City Quick one-buckle adjustment. Washable. DRUG SUNDRIES. Nationally advertised brands. Vitamins, POEMS NEEDED for songs. Rush poems. Crown Music, 49- West 32, New York $3.95 right or left side, $4.95 double, plus etc Write for FREE catalog. Federal Pharmacal Supply, Inc. AM 1. Dept QM-1, 6652 North Western Avenue, Chicago 45, Illinois, SONGPOEMS AND SONGS WANTEDI Mail to: Tin Pan 250 hdlg. Send measure around lower Inc., 405, Radio City S tation, New BECOME A NOTARY PUBLIC! Win extra income, prestige, Alley, Box York 19, N. Y. abdomen. KINLEN CO., Dept. AL14-C, 809 business contacts. Details free. STATIONERS EXCHANGE, COINS Wyandotte, Kansas City 5, Mo. Evansville 11, Indiana. 4000 Evergreen, 15 Different foreign banknotes $1 .00. Confederate banknote SALESMEN WANTED $1.00. Lists 10*. Americana Gallery, 810 East Broward, Fort MAKE BIG MONEY taking orders for Stark DWARF Fruit Lauderdale, Florid a. Trees. Everybody can now grow Giant Size Apples, Peaches, Coin Collector's Magazine. Largest, 300 Pages. Sample 50*. Pears in their yards. Also Shade Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Roses, Publishers, 7320 Milwaukee, Chicago. Bro's., Desk 30114, Louisiana, Mo. etc^Outf it FREE. Stark MISCELLANEOUS SENSATIONAL NEW longer-burning Light Bulb. Amazing SLEEP-LEARNING—HYPNOTISM 1 Sensational catalog Free Replacement Guarantee— never again buy light bulbs. freel Research Association, Box 24-MX, Olympia, Wash. No competition. Multi-million dollar market yours alone. Make small fortune even spare time. Incredibly quick sales. OF INTEREST TO WOMEN Free sales kit. Merlite(Bulb Div.), 114 E. 32nd, Dept. C-74R, BEAUTY DEMONSTRATORS—TO $5.00 hour demonstrat- New York 16 ing Famous Hollywood Cosmetics, your neighborhood. For AGENTS WANTED free samples, details, write Studio Girl, Department 28C3D, 60% PROFIT COSMETICS. $25 day up. Hire others. Glendale, California 9 1 209 Samples, details. Studio Girl, Department 28H3D, Glendale, ADVERTISERS-AGENCIES California 91209. You are reading the Classified Section of one of the Nation's LOANS BY MAIL most responsive markets. These Classified ads are shopped LOANS by Airmail. $100— $600. Anywhere. Confidential. by millions of people who respond to Opportunity. For details Signature only. Write Union Finance, Dept. MQG, 323 E. write CLASSIFIED, Dept. A-2, 100 East Ohio St., Chicago 11, Camelback, Pnoenix, Arizona. Illinois.

ROLLING CASK BAR. Ultimate in home cellarettes. Walnut finish. What appears as a wine cask on wheels opens into fully outfitted bar with two stain-resistant trays. THOUSANDS OF Incl: 13-pc. cut glass, platinum edged Luxurious — drink set and 4-pc. brass plated tool set. LEGION POSTS 36" x 19" x 23". 30 lbs. #8000. $99.95. and other fraternal groups G & K SALES CO., 23 W. 47th St., New I Refreshing York, N. Y. SAVE MONEY y j - Relaxing! ENJOY BATTLE CREEK

STEAM mroe VAPOR FOLDING TABLES BATHS Clubs, lodges, churches, and other organizations save money for other A USE at home . . . stimulates circulation needs by buying Monroe Tables dir- JOY TO ect from our factory. Many different . . . soothes nerves . , . increases elimination . . .

models and sizes. Over 65,000 satis- relaxes! All 6bre-glass . . . wipes clean. Has thermo- R0BND CAME TABLES fied customers! Also direct factory stat; plugs in wall outlet ... no plumbing. Choice: RUSH REPLY. Get this spectacular FREE collection savings on folding chairs, and of 100 different stamps — new issues, new countries, table Pink or green cabinet, white door.Top-quality. chair storage trucks, platforms, pictorials, commemoratlves, multi-colors — from the WRITE for Free Folder and low price! world over. Get new Issues shown PLUS colorful Green- stages. Tested "DONOR PLAN" and NOW land, Thailand, Singapore, Maldlvc, many others. new color catalog FREE. Write today! Money-back Guarantee. Weird animals, strange birds, fierce natives. Send today for this valuable FREE collection, other stamp offers THE MONROE CO. EQUIPMENT COMPANY for approval. Enclose 100 handling. SQUARE MID TAWS GARCELON STAMP CO., Dept. 1ALX, Calais, Maine 69 Church St. Colfax, Iowa BATTLE CREEK 48, MICHIGAN 58 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 — —

Fast-Growing

Ever-Blooming Send for special Amazing RED 'Spring Bonus Offer

GINDEN NURSERY CO. 124 I FOR AS LITTLE AS A FOOT San Bruno, California Dept. 10

See the sensational Red Robin Rose Hedge (Gloire Des I Send me without cost or obligation, free full-

Rosomanes) that's sweeping the country! Plant THIS I color book, uses, prices, special Spring Bonus fra- Offer, etc., on RED ROBIN LIVING FENCE. SPRING; have a vigorous LIVING FENCE bursting with j grant RED ROSES THIS SUMMER. Red Robin's lush green j foliage is covered with a riot of richly scented red roses |

month after month. Not a sprawling Multiflora. Grows i

straight, upright to 6 feet, stays compact. So tough, i thrives in even poor soils. Grows so dense Red Robin keeps children and pets in, animals and intruders out. Available only from Ginden Nursery, San Bruno, California. '

WONDER BAR. Pull the drawer of this mag- nificent brass trimmed walnut finished DRILL STAND SAGGING STOMACH? cabinet, doors swing open to show 12-pc. incl. i/ " glassware set four 16 oz. decanters, FITS ALL 4 OR % MEN. ..Look inches slimmer four 5 oz. highballs, four IV2 oz. shot glasses, 4-pc. bar tool set, too. 12 x ELECTRIC @ 6V2 in x 12V2 . 3100K1795, $27.95. G & K SALES, your ~WSLIM-R , DRILLS 23 West 47th St., New York, N. Y. ONLY SLIM-R buoys you up firmly yet gently —gives you that welcome "rested" feel- $129 ing that lets you work or play without 5 II nagging, energy-robbing discomfort. Postpaid Broad, powerful high-grade elastic belt pulls in sagging stomach muscles — As sturdy as a $4.00 Drill Stand! makes you appear inches slimmer. Adjustable Clamp holds drill rig- While wearing SLIM-R minor aches idly, vibration-free — FREES and BOTH HANDS! Quicker, more pains caused by back strain are relieved. accurate buffing, grinding, sand- No-gouge stays prevent wrin- kling, rolling- Comfort-design that ing, etc. Mounts to any surface pouch gives extra with screws provided. No. 402. lift many men want. Snap-on pouch detaches for easy laundering, Satisfaction guaranteed or money back if 3" 3" DRILL KIT, incl. No. 402 Stand. Grind & Buff garment is returned in 30 days postpaid. Send waist Wheels, %"x%" Wheel Arbor. No. 403 $2.29 measure. $4.98 postpaid. Buy two—one for changeoff Send Check, IH.O. today—20-day Money Back Guarantee. get third pouch support free.. ARCO TOOLS, INC. PIPER BRACE CO., Dept. AL-14R Dept. AL-1, 421 W. 203 St., N.Y. 34, N.Y.| 811 Wyando.+e St. Kansas City 5. Mo.

WATERPROOF all your hunting and fishing, togs, without changing feel or texture. Does not make fabrics harsh, stiff or scratchy. Treated gun covers, fishing rod covers stay soft and gentle. Also effective on knapsacks, tents, outboard motor cov- U.S. GOV'T SURPLUS ers, sleeping bags, etc. Quart size of Aqua-Shed is $1.98 ppd. SUDBURY SELLING FOR ONLY A FRACTION OF ORIGINAL COST! LABORATORY, Box 2147, Sudbury, Mass. evAUDi -.THOUSANDS OF ITEMS AVAILABLE FOR ONLY 2c AND 3c Jeeps $117.00 ON THE DOLLAR, DIRECT FROM GOVERNM ENT Typewriters $8.79 Radios $2.65 Boats $178.00 YOUR OLD FUR COAT Airplanes $159.00 Bicycle $5.50"~ INTO NEW CAPE , , Leather 0 p 3 STOLE, JACKET A *4 Boots 65c Carbines $20.00 MORTON'S remodels your old Telescope $4.00 fur coat, jacket, or cape into glamorous new fashion for only Pass. Bus $208.00 Bargains, Dept. $24.95. You save over 50^o . In- Z Surplus AL-1 cludes Refrigerator $5.00 " restyling, new lining, in- P. O. Box 50939, New Orleans 50, La terlining, monogram, cleaning, Power Mower $7.50 glazing. Mimeograph $23.00 FREE! FREE! FREE!: ORDER FROM MORTON'S, NOW Separate 52 page section with picture, and , , wiI | be refunded WORLD'S LARGEST FUR RE- Generators $2.68 , underi(arid ha my money 0 600 y°U Ca" °rd* r STYLING SPECIALISTS. LARG- '-"It ?. I*!?" ! "°t completely lalisfied. Also I will recei and fhovsands more DIRECT BY MAIL Is yours free when you send EST SELECTION AT ANY PRICE. fu |, refund with my f|ri , order of j t000 Over 40 Styles. PLUS a list of 1 000 loca- J1.00 for the surplus catalog. Examples: Praised by Harper's Bazaar, tions where you can Parachutes Ammunition Boats Glamour, others. Send no money! purchase surplus Walkle- Holsters Silverware Name Just mail old fur, state dress Talkies Tents Hand size. Pay postman, on the spot! plus post- Clothing Grenades age, when new style arrives. Tools Address Full Details Goggles Boots Gun Racks Order Style #7 pictured. Battle Hats Combat and How. Where to ICity -State Or write for Morton's new Guns Knives Hundt*dt FREE Style Book. Buy Only $1.00 Cots Mine Detector* More MORTON'S. Dept. 5-A FULL PURCHASE PRICE OF $1.00 REFUNDED WITH FIRST ORDER OF $10.00 OR MORE WASHINGTON 4, D. C.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 59 BY APPOINTMENT A person can stand a toothache just so PARTING long— then it drives him to extraction. Tony Pettito

MANY UNHAPPY RETURNS Slippers too large, gloves too small The slip is short and I am tall; SHOTS So it goes— Christmas prizes my Must go back, they're all wrong sizes. Anna Herbert

BETTER THAN A MOLE HILL Scientist: Man who makes a mountain out of a molecule. Dan Bennett

SO DON'T TRY TO IMPRESS ME Name-dropping? Aw, phooey, A lot of Who's-hooey!

S. S. BlDDI.E

GEOMETRY ADVANCED The difference between a curve and a

bulge is years.

Franklin P. Jones

KEEP MUM Gossip never hurt a soul "It's a department experiment— I've been standing here all day." No matter when or where, If it goes into one ear, And you keep it there.

L. J. Huber SHOULDER COLD CLIMBING THE CORPORATE LADDER The young man had proposed to his lady love but she did not consider If at first you don't succeed, try marrying him much of a prospecl as a husband. the boss' other daughter. "Why, you couldn't keep me in handkerchiefs!" she declared rather Al Sponc bluntly. "Well, for Pete's sake," replied the undiscouraged suitor, "you don't SO WHY BOTHER? expect to have a cold for the rest of your life, do you?" Most New Year resolutions A. T. Ouigg Are ancient institutions; So why make new ones, when old ones, mended neatly, SCOUT'S HONOR The Will do, till you've completely Three Boy Scouls were at a Scout meeting and told the Scoutmaster Busted them all again? they had done their "good deed" that day. (A New Year thought, which, it is clear, "Well, boys, what did you do?" queried the Scoutmaster. Fits this—or any other year) "We helped an old lady across the street, just a while ago," chimed Jim Davis the boys in unison. "And did it take all three of you to do that?" demanded the Scout- master suspiciously. "Yes, it did," again chimed the boys. Then the smallest one added: "She didn't want to go!" V. D. Pai.at

SIZING UP THE SITUATION A sailor, going ashore in a French port, wanted to buy his girl friend back home a sweater and consulted a friend as to what size he should get. "I wouldn't worry about that," was the reply. "If you get one that's too big she'll feel flattered and if you get one that's too small she'll wear it." K. H. R. Simkin

COMMUNICATION PROBLEM The college boy came home from his date with the pretty United Nations secretary. "Never again!" he said. "I like a girl who says either 'yes' or 'no.' This one just abstains."

Lionel M. Kaufman "I souped up your electric toothbrush

60 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JANUARY 1964 Uniform Shirts Pre-shrunk broadcloth. Neck half-sizes 14 to 18; Sleeves 32 to 35. (Also available in sport style short sleeve.) Attractive WHITE No. 70302 $4.50 BLUE No. 70156 4.95 Ties All wool, button down. Blue (No. 70291) or Gold (No. 70292) $1.25 Uniforms Year-around weight, crease ITEMS and stain resistant, blended gabardine with y2 "gold stripe. Must be dry-cleaned.

for Trousers. Unfinished bottoms. Waist 29-46. Give height and waist. No. 70102 $11.95

American Legion Jacket. Eisenhower style with elastic inserts for extended waist. Chest sizes 36-44. Give height, chest and waist meas- Gifts! urements. No. 70201. $18.95 See the 1963 Emblem Catalog for Caps and Extra Size Jackets and Trousers.

Membership Buttons Zelan Jacket Midget Size Button Washable weatherproof pop- No. 83711. 10K $2.64 lin with two-button collar. No. 83713, 14K $3.63 Sizes sm., med., Ig. or ex-lg. Regulation Size Button in Navy Blue (No. 70262) or No. 83717. 10K $3.63 Oyster (No. 70230). . . .$5.95 No. 83719, 14K $5.28 See 1963 catalog for diamond prices.

Ring SterlingSilver with gold plated emblem. Sizes 7-13 (other sizes add $1.50) No. 73880. $2.75 Mens Jewelry Gold plated, white enamel,

w ' th emDlem die struck into kWHt i Diplomat Billfold ijmirj metal. by Amity. Smooth cowhide Shorty Tie Bar, No. 74600 $1.43 with removable pass case. Tie Chain, No. 74601 1.43 Tack, No. Black (No. 74456) or Brown Tie 74602 1.10 (No. 74457) $4.29 Cuff Links. No. 74603 2.20 Cuff Link Tie Bar Set Mother of pearl set in heavy Key Kaddy gold plate No. 74612.. $6.05 by Amity. Smooth cowhide with % zipper. Black (No. "T" Ball Jotter Hickory 74442) , Tan (No. Parker's long writing skip- 74443) or Brown (No. 74444). proof ball point pen. Black. $3.19 No. 74265 $1.98

ON ALL ORDERS UNDER $3.00, ADD 25* FOR POSTAGE AND HANDLING PRICES INCLUDE FEDERAL EXCISE TAX WHERE APPLICABLE Vu-Lighter Lifetime guarantee by Scripto. THE AMERICAN LEGION, NATIONAL Visual fuel supply. No. 74902. EMBLEM SALES $3.95 P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46206

Enclosed is $_ _. Please rush the following

Gavel Plaque Desired by every Past Officer. Walnut 6" x 9" with half-round gavel. Golden engraving plate (engraving at 10^ per character). No. 73241 $7.50 Send free Emblem catalog. Membership Card No.. get Lots More from EM

more body in the blend more flavor in the smoke

t jii more taste through the filter

It's the rich -flavor leaf that does it! L&M has more rich -flavor leaf than even some unfiltered cigarettes. And L&M's filter is the modern filter

— all white— inside and outside — so only pure white touches your lips.

L&M's the filter cigarette for people who really like to smoke.