DOCSLIB.ORG

United Nations Archives

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
United Nations Archives s," 98* THE SECRETARY-GENERAL 20 December 2004 Dear Cornelio, Thank you for your letter of 14 October and the accompanying copy of Diplomacy at the Service of Humanity which I was delighted to have received. I am sure that readers will find much food for thought and inspiration between its covers. With best wishes. Yours sincerely, Mr. Cornelio Sommaruga Geneva /no /i DEC 29 £-<J«.'T EOSG / CENTRAL V... COMME1LIO SOMMAMUGA ( W H.E. Mr. Kofi Annan Secretary General of the United Nations UN Headquarters First Avenue at 46th Street New York, NY 10017 USA Geneva, 14 October 2004 <^z^Wd, /est<^s<&<{ You were sokindI to .writei.thes foreword to my Memoir book, under the title " Diplomacy ~ajthe Servicei, of Humanity". The book was presented last week at the Book Show of Frankfurt a.M./Germany. I am honored to send you the first copy of this dialogue with a journalist of the Neue ZurcherZeitung, who had been my personal assistant in the ICRC. I should like again to express my gratitude for your generosity in drawing up this positive presentation of my person and of our intensive and friendly cooperation. An Italian and French issue of the book is in preparation and I shall also use your foreword for these publications. Happy to see you again in Nairobi at the High Level Segment of the Summit for a Mine Free World on 2nd and 3rd December .next, and with the expression of my friendship, please accept, Mr. Secretary General, my highest esteem. CH. OEB CHETS-OE-CHAMPEIL 1(8 <TH-US<Q><8 GENEVE TEL: +4H.S2.347.45.5S / FAX: +41.aa.847.45.5ffi E-MAIL,! r.SdMMAHU<BA@<B]ICHD.CIHI UNITED NATIONS Wif NATIONS UNIES THE SECRETARY-GENERAL FOREWORD TO MEMOIR OF CORNELIO SOMMARUGA July 2004 Cornelius Sommaruga has for many years been a welcome and familiar presence at the United Nations. I recall in particular his words at the United Nations 50th anniversary ceremony, where he spoke of the urgent need for a common front at all times to combat intolerance and to secure respect for human dignity. He has devoted much of his working life to this objective. Cornelius Sommaruga has been, and continues to be, a passionate believer in the impartiality, independence, and neutrality of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and in the proper principles of humanitarian action. He led the ICRC with dedication and principle at a particularly challenging time, during which civilians were often the first and principal target in conflicts. During his Presidency, he and I worked closely together, and he did a great deal to help ensure that our activities complemented and reinforced one another. Since that time, he has continued to serve in many capacities, including with the United Nations. This memoir is rich with insight into the nature of modern conflicts, the humanitarian crises they create, and, most of all, the work that takes place, often without fanfare or publicity, to ease their impact on men, women and children around the world. It provides a window onto the intricate diplomacy that is sometimes required to minimize the impact of war on civilians and to promote respect for the principles of international humanitarian law. It is a testament to the importance of humanitarian action, and of the need for humanitarian principles to be respected by warring parties and vigorously defended by the international community. Kofi A. Annan.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 Switzerland Michael O'leary Interviewed
    Switzerland Michael O’Leary interviewed Cornelio Sommaruga Interview dates: 5 March 2020 and 1 April 2020 O’Leary: What are your first associations with your place of birth? Sommaruga: Although my Mama’s family had come from Lombardy, she was Roman and I had inherited that. However, I always also had a strong Swiss identity. It would never have crossed my mind to say that I was Italian. No, I identify as Swiss, or rather as Italian- speaKing Swiss. O’Leary: And your father was from Ticino? Sommaruga: Yes, he was born in Lugano, where he completed secondary school before he left for St Gallen to study economics. From there he went to Bern to get a Ph.D. After that he went to work in London until his aunt Carolina Maraini Sommaruga called him to come to Rome and help her with managing the villa and the fortune she had been left with since her husband had died. That is why my father went to Rome. O’Leary: You spent most of your childhood in Rome. Did you go to school with local children? Sommaruga: Because my father was an anti-fascist living in fascist Italy, he put me into a Montessori school, which was a private school, so that I did not have to join Mussolini’s youth organisations such as the [Opera Nazionale] Balilla or the Figli della Lupa. So, I was very lucky that I did not become indoctrinated into fascism, but of course the Montessori education I received was also very valuable in and of itself.
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF Of
    MARCH - APRIL 1994 THIRTY-FOURTH YEAR No. 299 INTERNATIONAL OF THE RED CROSS +c Published every two months by the International Committee of the Red Cross for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement f+j INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, Doctor of Laws of the University of Zurich. Doctor h.c. rer. pol. of Fribourg Universily (Switzerland), Doctor h.c. in International Relations of Minho University. Braga (Portugal), Doctor h.c. of Medicine of Bologna University (Italy). Doctor h.c. of Nice- Sophia Antipolis University. Doctor h.c. of Seoul National Universily (Republic of Korea!. President (member since 1986) Mr. PIERRE KELLER. Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations (Yale), banker, liif- Presuient (1984) Mr. CLAUDIO CARATSCH, Bachelor of Arts, Vice-President (1990) Mr. ULRICH GAUDENZ MIDDENDORP. Doctor of Medicine, lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine of Zurich University, former head of the surgical department of the Cantonal Hospital. Wintcrthur (1973) Mr. MAURICE AUBERT, Doctor of Laws, Barrister, Vice-President from 19X4 to 1991 (1979) Mr. DIETRICH SCHINDLFR, Doctor of Laws. Honorary Professor ;tl the University of Zurich (1961- 1973), (1980) Mrs. RENEE GUISAN, General Secretary of the international Institul de la Vie. head of medico-social institutions in the Canton of Vaud, member of the International Association for Volunteer Effort (1986) Mrs. ANNE PETITPIERRE, Doctor of Laws, Barrister, Professor at the Law Faculty of the University of Geneva(1987) Mr. PAOLO BERNASCONI, Barrister, LL. L.. lecturer in economic criminal law at the Universities of St. Gallen and Zurich, former Public Prosecutor at Lugano, member of the Swiss Pro Jurentute Foundation (1987) Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Eosg / Central Note to the Secretary-General
    l< UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES POSTAL ADORES«_ADRESSE POSTALE: UNITED NATIONS. N.Y. 10017 CABLE ADDRESS—ADRESSE TELEOHAPHIOUE: UNATIONS NEWVORK EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL CABINET DU SECRETAIRE GENERAL 10 March 2004 Dear Mr. Sommaruga, The Secretary-General has asked me to write to you to thank you for your 126 January, in which you inquire about a possible preface hv him for vm,P forthcoming biographical memoir. P Y hm f°r y°Ur I should be most grateful if you could please send us a copy of the complete manuscript at the earliest, so that we may consider your request more In the meantime, please allow me to thank you again for your letter and to wish you every success with the book. Yours sincerely, Edward Mortimer Director of Communications Mr. Cornelio Sommaruga Geneve C i I MAR 1 4 2004 EOSG / CENTRAL NOTE TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL Request from Cornelio Sommaruga for a preface for a forthcoming biography about him Cornelio Sommaruga has written to you asking if you would consider writing the preface to a forthcoming biography about him. The book, to be published by Neue Ziircher Zeitung, will focus on Mr. Sommaruga's professional activities, including as a Swiss diplomat, trade negotiator, and President of the ICRC (1987-1999). I would not recommend that you contribute a preface to this biography, given our I guidelines on such contributions, and would like to regret Mr. Sommaruga's request,/ unless you would like me to review the manuscript first. Please advise. I v Mr. Sommaruga also writes that he will be in New York from 16-20 March, when he hopes to be able to visit you, including to discuss this matter further.
    [Show full text]
  • New Members Elected to the Executive Board ICRC Appoints New Director General
    International Committee of the Red Cross NEWS FROM HEADQUARTERS New members elected to the Executive Board ICRC appoints new Director General At its meeting of 19 March 1992, the Assembly of the Interna- tional Committee of the Red Cross elected Mr. Jacques Forster and Dr. Peter Fuchs to the ICRC's seven-member Executive Board. Dr. Fuchs was appointed Director General and will take up his duties on 1 May 1992. Mr. Jacques Forster, a professor at the University of Geneva Graduate Institute for Development Studies, has been a member of the International Committee since 1989. He replaces a 13-year member of the Executive Board, Mr. Rudolf Jackli, who will remain a member of the Committee. Dr. Peter Fuchs is taking over the post of Director General from Mr. Guy Deluz, who recently expressed his desire to step down and devote himself to other activities. At its meeting of 20 February, the ICRC Assembly accepted Mr. Deluz' resignation and thanked him for the commitment and skill that he had brought to his work in the insti- tution. The ICRC will continue to benefit from Mr. Deluz' experience as he will serve as a consultant on a number of studies in which he has been closely involved. Dr. Peter Fuchs was born in 1946. He is from Wettingen in the Canton of Argau, and is domiciled in Bondo, Canton of Graubunden. He studied medicine at Zurich University, where he was later a lecturer, and held a number of positions at the Zurich Cantonal Hospital before becoming head of the medical department of the Zurich Prisons Service.
    [Show full text]
  • International Review of the Red Cross, July
    JULY· AUGUST 1992 THIRTY-SECOND YEAR No. 289 INTERNATIONAL • OF THE RED CROSS +c Published every two months by the International Committee of the Red Cross for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement •+ INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, Doctor of Laws of Zurich University, Doctor h.c. rer. pol. of Fribourg University (Switzerland), Doctor h.c. in International Relations of Minho University, Braga (Portugal), Doctor h.c. of Medicine of Bologna University (Italy), Doctor h.c. of Nice­ Sophia Antipolis University, President (member since 1986) Mr. PIERRE KELLER, Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations (Yale), banker, Vice­ President (1984) Mr. CLAUDIO CARATSCH, Bachelor of Arts, Vice-President (1990) Mr. ULRICH MIDDENDORP, Doctor of Medicine, head of surgical department of the Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur (1973) Mr. MAURICE AUBERT, Doctor of Laws, Vice-President from 1984 to 1991 (1979) Mr. RUDOLF JACKLI, Doctor of Sciences (1979) Mr. DIETRICH SCHINDLER, Doctor of Laws, Professor at the University of Zurich (1961-1973) (1980) Mrs. RENEE GUISAN, General Secretary of the International "Institut de la Vie", Head of medico­ social institutions in the Canton of Vaud, member of the International Association for Volunteer Effort (1986) Mrs. ANNE PETITPIERRE, Doctor of Laws, barrister, lecturer at Geneva Law Faculty (1987) Mr. PAOLO BERNASCONI, Barrister, LL. L., lecturer in economic penal law at the Universities of St. Gallen and Zurich, former Public Prosecutor at Lugano, member of the Swiss Pro Juvelllllte Foundation (1987) Mrs. LISELOTIE KRAUS-GURNY, Doctor of Laws of Zurich University (1988) Mrs. SUSY BRUSCHWEILER, nurse, Director of the Bois-Cerf Nursing School in Lausanne and professor at the College of Nursing in Aarau, President of the Swiss Association of Nursing School Directors (1988) Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Participants – Review Summit 2008
    LIST OF PARTICIPANTS – REVIEW SUMMIT 2008 Key Note Speakers Name, Title Switzerland H.E. Ms. Micheline CALMY-REY, Foreign Minister Ambassador Anton THALMANN, Deputy State Secretary, Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, Switzerland Ambassador Martin DAHINDEN, Director General, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation United Nations H.E. Mr. Sergei A. ORDZHONIKIDZE, United Nations Under-Secretary-General, Director- General of the United Nations Office at Geneva Ms. Kathleen CRAVERO, Assistant Administrator and Director of the Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery, UNDP Small Arms Survey Prof. Dr. Keith KRAUSE, Managing Director Governments Name, Title 1. Afghanistan • Mr. Mohammad Masoum STANEKZAI, Vice Chairman of Disarmament and Reintegration Commission and Advisor to H.E. President Hamid Karzai • Ambassador Dr. Nanguyalai TARZI, Permanent Representative in Geneva • Prof. Abdul Wassay HAQIQI, Senior Advisor to the Ministry of Economy • Mr. Akhshid JAVID, Third Secretary, Permanent Mission in Geneva • Mr. Fraidoon AMEL, Attaché, Permanent Mission in Geneva 2. Angola • Ms. Balbina M. DIAS DA SILVA, Coordinator of the National Commission on Demining and Humanitarian Assistance • Dr. Adriano Francisco GONCALVES, Member of the National Commission on Demining and Humanitarian Assistance • Mr. José PINTO, Minister, Angolan Embassy in Switzerland 3. Argentina • Ambassador Roberto GARCI, Permanent Representative in Geneva • Mr. Roberto Garcia MORITAN, Permanent Mission in Geneva • Mr. Ernesto Martinez GONDRA, Permanent Mission in Geneva • Mr. Paul PELAEZ, Permanent Mission in Geneva • Ms. Mariela FOGANTE, Permanent Mission in Geneva 4. Australia • Ambassador Caroline MILLAR, Permanent Mission in Geneva 5. Austria • Ambassador Dr. Christian STROHAL, Permanent Representative in Geneva • Ms. Cornelia KRATOCHVIL, Permanent Mission in Geneva 6. Bangladesh • H.E. Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Keynote Address by CORNELIO SOMMARUGA President of the International Committee of the Red Cross
    XXVII' CONFERENCE INTERNATIONALE - 27TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Keynote address by CORNELIO SOMMARUGA President of the International Committee of the Red Cross International humanitarian law on the threshold of the third millennium The 27 th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent opens halfway between two symbolic dates. A few weeks ago, we celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the Geneva Conventions. In a few weeks' time, we shall enter a new century and a new millennium. These two events must prompt us to look back at the past, in order to learn the lessons it offers; even more, they must prompt us to turn towards the future, in order to gain a better understanding of the promises it holds and the dangers that lie ahead. Let us first take a look at the past. The adoption of the new Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 was a remarkable step forward in humanitarian terms, especially in view of the approval of a new Convention protecting civilians in time of war. It was also a political achievement of the highest order for, with the blockade of Berlin and civil war in China, the world seemed more divided than ever. And yet, despite these divisions, the States succeeded in rallying around the red cross and red crescent emblems, and adopted new regulations for the protection of war victims. While the new Geneva Conventions saved millions of lives, the division of the world into two antagonistic blocs all too often hindered respect for humanitarian law during the tragic conflicts spawned by the Cold War.
    [Show full text]
  • International Review of the Red Cross, November-December 1993
    NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 1993 THIRTY-THIRD YEAR No. 297 PROPERTY OF U.S. ARMY THEJUDGEADVOCATEGENERA~SSCHOOl LIBRARY INTERNATIONAL • OF THE RED CROSS +c Published every two months by the International Committee of the Red Cross for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, Doctor of Laws of the University of Zurich, Doctor h.c. rer. pol. of Fribourg University (Switzerland), Doctor h.c. in International Relations of Minho University, Braga (Portugal), Doctor h.c. of Medicine of Bologna University (Italy), Doctor h.c. of Nice­ Sophia Antipolis University, Doctor h.c. of Seoul National University (Republic of Korea), President (member since 1986) Mr. PIERRE KELLER, Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations (Yale), banker, Vice­ President (1984) Mr. CLAUDIO CARATSCH, Bachelor of Arts, Vice-President (1990) Mr. ULRICH GAUDENZ MIDDENDORP, Doctor of Medicine, lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine of Zurich University, former head ofthe surgical department of the Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur (1973) Mr. MAURICE AUBERT, Doctor of Laws, Barrister, Vice-President from 1984 to 1991 (1979) Mr. DIETRICH SCHINDLER, Doctor of Laws, Honorary Professor at the University of Zurich (1961­ 1973) (1980) Mrs. RENEE GUISAN, General Secretary of the international [nstitut de la Vie. head of medico-social institutions in the Canton of Vaud, member of the International Association for Volunteer Effort (1986) Mrs. ANNE PETITPIERRE, Doctor of Laws, Barrister, Professor at the Law Faculty of the University of Geneva (1987) Mr. PAOLO BERNASCONI, Barrister, LL. L., lecturer in economic criminal law at the Universities of SI. Gallen and Zurich, former Public Prosecutor at Lugano, member of the Swiss Pro fuventute Foundation (1987) Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • International Review of the Red Cross, July-August 1991, Thirty-First
    JULY - AUGUST 1991 THIRTY·FIRST YEAR No. 283 INTERNATIONAL • OF THE RED CROSS +c Published every two months by the International Committee of the Red Cross for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, Doctor of Laws of Zurich University, Doctor h.c. rer. pol. of Fribourg University (Switzerland), Doctor h.c. in International Relations of Minho University, Braga (Portugal), Doctor h.c. of medicine of Bologna University (Italy), President (member since 1986) Mr. MAURICE AUBERT, Doctor of Laws, Vice-Preside'" (1979) Mr. CLAUDIO CARATSCH, Bachelor of Arts, Vice-President (1990) Mr. ULRICH MlDDENDORP, Doctor of Medicine, head of surgical department of the Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur (1973) Mr. RUDOLF JACKLI, Doctor of Sciences (1979) Mr. DIETRICH SCHINDLER, Doctor of Laws, Professor at the University of Zurich (1961-1973) (1980) Mr. HANS HAUG, Doctor of Laws, Honorary Professor at the University of St. Gallen for Business Administration, Economics, Law and Social Sciences, former President of the Swiss Red Cross (1983) Mr. PIERRE KELLER, Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations (Yale), Banker (1984) Mr. ANDRE GHELFI, former Central Secretary and Vice-President of the Swiss Federation of Metal Workers (1985) Mrs. RENEE GUISAN, General Secretary of the International "Institut de la Vie", member of the Swiss Pro Senectute Foundation, member of the International Association for Volunteer Effort (1986) Mrs. ANNE PETITPIERRE, Doctor of Laws, barrister, lecturer at Geneva Law Faculty (1987) Mr. PAOLO BERNASCONI, Barrister, LL. L., lecturer in economic penal law at the Universities of St. Gallen and Zurich, former Public Prosecutor at Lugano, member of the Swiss Pro }uventute Foundation (1987) Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Initiatives of Change Initiatives Et Changement Initiativen Der Veranderung
    mm Initiatives of Change Initiatives et Changement Initiativen der Veranderung Ml X.i Foreword 3 Dear Reader, f v-^ir s«**"- More than sixty years of encounters in Caux - more has always encouraged introspection, a spiritual than sixty years ofintense work in the spirit of Moral search and an encounter in silence with the Almighty, Rearmament for ethical values in our society Since without which nothing could have been achieved. the end of the Second World War, the Caux confer ence centre of Mountain House, in all its splendour An anniversary is a time to thank all those who in one as a 'Belle Epoque' palace-hotel has seen thousands way or another have been committed to this work, of encounters between tens of thousands of people through the delicate period of rebuilding hearts and Cornelia Sommaruga, President of of goodwill, from all over the world. They have come minds in the first post-war years, in dialogue despite Initiatives of Change International to recharge their batteries, to find a fresh impetus the Cold War, in reconciliations after the fall of the for personal reconciliation, to learn about mediation Berlin Wall, always reaching towards a greater in different fields, to promote good governance, a respect for human dignity. globalization of responsibility and human security. Contents Hundreds of leaders from all walks of life, politicians, It is also an opportunity to think for the future of academics, religious leaders and others have launched Caux and its Mountain House, and of Initiatives of Foreword 3 appeals from the Caux platform for greater humanity Change in general.
    [Show full text]
  • Geneva Conventions and United Nations Personnel (Protocols) Bill [HL] (HL Bill 12 of 2008–09)
    Geneva Conventions and United Nations Personnel (Protocols) Bill [HL] (HL Bill 12 of 2008–09) The Geneva Conventions and United Nations Personnel (Protocols) Bill was introduced in the House of Lords on 17 December 2008, and is due for a second reading debate on 27 January 2009. The Bill gives effect to two international agreements. The first relates to the Third Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 which was adopted on 8 December 2005. The main purpose of this Protocol was to allow the adoption of a third emblem, the ‘Red Crystal’, by the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The second concerns the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 8 December 2005. The Optional Protocol seeks to expand the legal protection given to United Nations operations, including emergency humanitarian assistance, and the delivery of humanitarian, political and development assistance in peace building. This Library Note considers the background to these agreements. Ian Cruse 23 January 2009 LLN 2009/001 House of Lords Library Notes are compiled for the benefit of Members of Parliament and their personal staff. Authors are available to discuss the contents of the Notes with the Members and their staff but cannot advise members of the general public. Any comments on Library Notes should be sent to the Head of Research Services, House of Lords Library, London SW1A 0PW or emailed to [email protected]. 1. Introduction This Library Note will firstly offer a brief outline of the Bill.
    [Show full text]
  • September 29, 1992 the Honorable Cornelio
    THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE ~( EUROPEAN OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENEVA SEPTEMBER 29, 1992 THE HONORABLE CORNELIO SOMMARUGA PRESIDENT INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS 17 AVENUE DE LA PAIX 1211 GENEVA 10 DEAR MR. SOMMARUGA: PURSUANT TO THE AUTHORITY CONTAINED IN THE FAA OF 1961, AS AMENDED, THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ACTING THROUGH THE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (A.I.D.), HEREBY AGREES TO GRANT THE SUM OF THREE MILLION DOLLARS (DOLS 3,000,000) TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS (ICRC OR GRANTEE) AS A CONTRIBUTION BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT TOWARDS THE SOMALIA DISASTER ASSISTANCE PROGRAM. THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE ARE DYING EVERY MONTH IN SOMALIA FROM STARVATION, CIVIL STRIFE AND POOR MEDICAL CARE. LATEST SURVEYS IN SOME PARTS OF THE COUNTRY REVEAL LEVELS OF UP TO 75% SEVERE MALNUTRITION AND AN OVERALL TOTAL OF 95% MALNUTRITION. DURING THE CIVIL CONFLICT OF THE LAST 18 MONTHS IT IS ESTIMATED THAT ONE-FOURTH OF THE CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD HAVE DIED AND THE REMAINING THREE-FOURTHS ARE AT RISK. THE MAJOR BREAKDOWN OF THE AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK SECTORS HAVE MADE FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY CURRENTLY IMPOSSIBLE. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS GRANT IS TO PROVIDE FUNDING REQUESTED BY ICRC FOR ITS SOMALIA EMERGENCY RELIEF PROGRAM. FUNDS SHOULD BE USED FOR THE FOLLOWING PURPOSES: A. DOLLARS 1.7 MILLION FOR THE USE OF BELL HELICOPTERS AND SUPPORT VESSELS FOR TWO MONTHS TO UNLOAD SHIPS ONTO A NUMBER OF BEACHES NORTH OF MOGADISHU, AFTER WViICH USE OF SMALL BOATS WILL RESUME.
    [Show full text]