The Government Intervention Towards Indonesia's
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THE GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION TOWARDS INDONESIA’S FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (PSSI): THE IMPACT OF INDONESIA’S PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL COMPETITION (2015-2016) By STEFAN CHRISTIAN ISKANDAR JURGENSEN 016201300143 A thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities, International Relations Study Program President University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor Degree in International Relations Major in Diplomacy Studies May 2017 THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER This thesis entitled “THE GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION TOWARDS INDONESIA’S FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (PSSI): THE IMPACT OF INDONESIA’S PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL COMPETITION (2015-2016)” prepared and submitted by Stefan Christian Iskandar Jurgensen in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of International Relations in the Faculty of Humanities has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, May 24th 2017 __________________________ Hendra Manurung, SIP., MA. i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “THE GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION TOWARDS INDONESIA’S FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (PSSI): THE IMPACT OF INDONESIA’S PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL COMPETITION (2015-2016)” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, May 24th 2017 ________________________________ Stefan Christian Iskandar Jurgensen ii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “THE GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION TOWARDS INDONESIA’S FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (PSSI): THE IMPACT OF INDONESIA’S PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL COMPETITION (2015-2016)” that was submitted by Stefan Christian Iskandar Jurgensen majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on May 29th 2017. Hendra Manurung, SIP., MA. Chair - Panel of Examiners / Advisor Dr. Endi Haryono Examiner I Haris Rahmat Pratama, MA. Examiner II iii ABSTRAK Dalam upaya untuk mendapatkan kepentingan nasional, negara tidak selalu menggunakan kemampuan hard power, tetapi juga dapat menggunakan soft power. Kebijakan luar negeri suatu negara tergantung pada pemimpin negara, penggunaan hard power dan soft power juga tergantung pada pemimpin negara dan situasi. Dalam pelaksanaannya, soft power lebih sering menggunakan instrumen yang dapat menarik perhatian, salah satunya adalah melalui olahraga. Olahraga saat ini tidak hanya menjadi kegiatan kesehatan, acara untuk bersaing, hiburan atau tontonan belaka, namun olahraga dapat menjadi sarana untuk mencapai kepentingan nasional suatu negara. Sebagai salah satu negara Asia yang paling dihormati dalam sepak bola, soft power dapat diperoleh dari permainan yang dimainkan Indonesia yang dapat membuat pemandu bakat tertarik untuk memiliki pemain dari Indonesia dan menarik mereka untuk bermain di tingkat klub yang lebih tinggi dalam skala internasional. Dan diplomasi publik didapat dari eksistensi game-game Indonesia. Hal ini bisa menarik pemain negara lain untuk datang dan bermain di ISL atau menarik investor untuk datang dan berinvestasi di Indonesia. Yang terpenting adalah Indonesia bisa meneruskan branding nasional mereka melalui sepak bola. Tidak berpartisipasi dalam beberapa kompetisi untuk beberapa waktu karena intervensi pemerintah terhadap asosiasi sepak bola Indonesia adalah salah satu pilihan terbaik bagi penulis untuk melakukan analisis ini. Intervensi pemerintah membuat FIFA sebagai organisasi sepakbola tertinggi di dunia menangguhkan dan akhirnya membuat Indonesia dikenai sanksi dan tidak dapat berpartisipasi dalam olahraga internasional. Dalam hal ini, diplomasi olahraga bermasalah untuk memperkuat hubungan dengan negara lain. Kata Kunci: Soft Power, Diplomasi Olahraga, Diplomasi Publik, Intervensi iv ABSTRACT In an effort to get national interests, the state does not always use the ability of hard power, but also be able to use soft power. Foreign policy of a state depands on the leader of the state, the using of hard power and soft power also depands on the leader of the state and the situation. Indeed, soft power prefer to use instruments that is attractive, one of them is through sports. Sport now is not just be for health activities, the event to compete, entertainment or mere spectacle, but the sport can be a means to achieve the national interest of a state. As one of the most respected Asian countries in football, soft power can be obtained from the games that Indonesia played that can make scouts interested in having players from Indonesia and contract them to play at higher club level in international scale. And public diplomacy is obtained from the existence games of Indonesia. This could attract other country players to come and have the ambience to play in ISL or attract investors to come and invest in Indonesia. Most importantly is Indonesia could continue their national branding through football. Not participating in some competitions for some time as the government's intervention on Indonesia’s football association is one of the best choices for the writer to do this analysis. Government intervention made FIFA as the world's highest football organization suspend and ultimately make Indonesia sanctioned and unable to participate in the international sport. In this case, sports diplomacy is troubled to strengthen the relationships with other countries. Keywords: Soft Power, Sport Diplomacy, Public Diplomacy, Intervention v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Praise God for the presence of Allah, S.W.T., for all His gracious and sovereignty that has been delegated, so that the writer can finish his thesis with the title: The Government Intervention Towards Indonesia’s Football Association (PSSI): The Impact of Indonesia’s Participation in International Football Competition (2015-2016). This thesis research is based on the use of sport diplomacy by a country. This thesis is prepared to complete Bachelor Degree (S1) at Faculty of Humanities of International Relations President University Program. I am fully aware that in the preparation of this thesis is lacking due to the limited ability of the author, but thanks to the grace of Allah SWT, and the direction of various parties, finally this thesis can be completed. I hope this thesis can be useful for the common interest. I would like to thank you to all of you who have given me help and guidance so that this thesis can be finished. Completion of writing of this thesis, the author would like to thank to: 1. I am very grateful to Mr. Hendra Manurung, SIP., MA, as the main advisor, and Mr. Harris Rahmat Pratama, MA, as second advisor, for all attention, guidance, and directives given to the author during the process of completion of this thesis. 2. My big thanks also go for my family, my father Husein Iskandar L., my mother Tilcia Jurgensen M., and my beautiful sister Stephanie Luisa with full sincerity provide invaluable moral, spiritual, and financial help. 3. To the beloved one, my future Khalida Wardak the love of my life whom always remind me and give me spirit to finish it in time. She’s been my loyal supporter and always being there on my ups and downs during this thesis struggle. 4. Thanks to my wonderful friends, Duan Evan, Maria D. Anggita, Alessandro Adikara, Eko Subagia, big family of HORMIGA Basketball vi 2016/17 (Sekolah Kristen Nasional Anglo), big family of EAGLES Basketball (Sekolah Pelita Harapan) 2016/17, thank you to companion in arms friends that I can’t mention all. Thank you for the support. Thank you for the happy and sad moments we shared together. Final words, the author would like to say thank you very much to everyone who has been part of this struggle. Cikarang, Indonesia, May 24th 2017 ________________________________ Stefan Christian Iskandar Jurgensen vii TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS ADVISER .................................................................................................................... i RECOMMENDATION LETTER ............................................................................................. i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ..................................................................................... ii PANEL OF EXAMINER ......................................................................................................... iii APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................... viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. xi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... xiv CHAPTER I .............................................................................................................................