Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021 KEY FINDINGS

Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021 KEY FINDINGS

BACKGROUND: 2,105,387 IDPs* In early November 2020, the regional party of Tigray allegedly attacked the Northern Com- mand of Ethiopia’s National Defense Force in Mekelle, Tigray region, prompting a military offen- sive from the federal government of Ethiopia. Following this, conflict broke out in the north of 449,492 IDP Ethiopia and this has displaced many from their homes. Households* OVERVIEW: From 1— 26 June 2021, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) deployed its Emergency Site Assessment to capture internal displacement related to the Northern Ethiopia Crisis. This mul- 377 sites tisectoral location assessment assesses the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and covered* collects basic information on the multisectoral needs of IDPs at site level.

By this seventh round, 2,105,387 IDPs (449,492 households) have been found to be displaced Conflict was across 377 sites in Tigray, Amhara and Afar regions thus far*. 2,036,398 IDPs (432,358 house- the primary holds)* were found in Tigray region, 49,001 IDPs (9,102 households) in Afar region and 19,988 reason for IDPs (8,032 households) in Amhara region*. It should be noted that the lack of access and inse- displacement curity continue to be considerable challenges for this round.

 DISPLACEMENT CASELOADS IN TIGRAY, AMHARA AND AFAR REGIONS Tahtay oraro Tahtay Koraro

       ERITREA ERITREA           Maekel Adyabo          ala Anbesa town  Egela  Erob   eyemti Adyabo lo Mekeda  hire heraro town Ahsea    Tahtay Adiyabo Tahtay oraro ama  Tahtay oraro Tahtay oraro Adi Daero Aheferom SUDAN  Chila   Biet Adigrat town Dalol aelay Adiabo Adwa aesie aelay oraro Adwa town Edaga ams town ahayle North Western Am town hire town aelay Maychew Tsaeda Emba Asgede Emba ieneti nneba afta mera Tahtay oraro Tahtay Mayechew Centrl awen Endabagna town Berahile Naeder Maikinetal Atsbi May adra orarit ana Western Tsimbla Estern Adet TIGRAY Wkro town eyhe tekli eraleta one2 Midre enet Welkait ola Temben agere elam town Aglae Tsegede T Awra T Tselemti Dima T Abi Adi town Afdera Tana Melashe Dansha Telemt Mekelle Tsegede T Abaala aharti AFAR Abergele T Enderta Addi Arekay North Gondr Tsegede AM Mirab Armacho Debark Beyeda South EsternAdigdom intalo Debark town Abergele AM amre Legend Erebti Tach Armacho Dabat anamora Wairat Location Of IDP Sites elewa Dabat town Planned Areas to Assess Bid

International Boundaries ahila Emba Alae Disputed Boundaries Wegera Metema ay Armacho infa Maichew town aya Aebo Regional Boundaries eala Megale one 4 ekota Tsagbei Zonal Boundaries AMHARA Endamehoni IDP Figures from ESA round 2 Chilga 1 Centrl Gondr Chilga 2 ekota town Southern IDP Figures from ESA round 4 West Belesa W Hr onder town East Belesa ata fla Ter IDP Figures from ESA round 6 alo Number of IDPs Dehana Chercher West Dembiya onder ria < 5,000 aya Alamata

5,000 - 25,000 a ibla Ebenat ori 25,000 - 100,000Taksa aya obo lina > 100,000 ibokemekem Bgna Mena Meketewa ake Tana idan Accessed But No IDPs South Gondr asta North Wello Awra AF Alfa Map 1: Displacement related to the Northern Ethiopiaay ayint Crisis across Tigray, Amhara and Afar regions. Inaccessible Areas 0 30 60 120 Sources: ESRI, IOM, UNJLC Kilometers Disclaimer : This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. *This displacement total includes the 69,479 IDPs (18,032 households) identified across 25 sites in Southern, Southeastern, Central and Western zones in Tigray region that were previously accessible during rounds 2, 4 and 6. Please refer to the annex for the full details. 1 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021

METHODOLOGY Data collection: 1 — 26 June 2021

Baseline Location Assessment (B2F): Data is collected The ESA is carried out on a monthly basis. In this seventh through interviews with key informants from woreda level round, 3 regions, 13 zones, 68 woredas, 174 kebeles and Disaster Risk Management Offices (DRMO), community 377 sites were covered. representatives, education and health offices. This baseline data includes the estimated number of internally displaced The number of participants in focus group discussions for persons by kebele, a list of kebeles hosting IDPs, reason for the Emergency Site Assessment are based on the size of the displacement and shelter types. This baseline data is used to displaced population at the site: guide the geotargeting of the Emergency Site Assessment. 4 IDPs for sites with 50-100 IDP households Emergency Site Assessment (ESA): This assessment captures 5 IDPs for sites with 101-150 IDP households detailed information through focus group discussions and 6 IDPs for sites with 151-200 IDP households direct observation. Data collected covers the number of IDPs, 7 IDPs for sites with 201 IDP households or more site details, availability of infrasturcture and services, shelter types, and access to food, water, healthcare, education and Depending on the size of the focus group discussion, more livelihoods. The ESA is conducted in any location in Tigray, IDP leaders, females, youths and elderly persons must and in the neighbouring zones of Amhara and Afar with be part of the discussion. However, the aim is to have reported displacements of 20 IDP households or more who 50% female participation in every focus group discussion were displaced due to the Northern Ethiopia Crisis, provided whenever it is possible. that access and security allow. ACCESSIBILITY AND COVERAGE IN TIGRAY, AMHARA AND AFAR REGIONS

ERITREA

aeel Aabo eeti Aabo gela ob eao ulo eea Asea ata Aiabo aa Cila Aeeo Dalol iet Aigat aesie SUDAN North estern aela Aiabo aela oao Aa ton Aa aale

aela ace saea ba Asgee ata oao ba ieneti unneba ata uea ata aece aen Centra eaile aee aiinetal Atsbi a aa estern oait ana sibla Eastern Aet ee teli ealeta elait A one Dega eben ola eben Agulae segee Aa seleti Dia

anua elase Aea Dansa ton elet segee eelle Ai Aea Abaala aati neta North onar Abegele segee A iab Aaco eea AA Deba Soth Eastern intalo ebti Abegele A ae ac Aaco Janaoa aiat Dabat elea aila Legend iu est onar Locations Of IDP Sites ba Alae euala Planned Areas to Assess etea a Aaco egea ina sagbei aa Aebo International Boundaries esege Centra onar AAA naeoni Disputed Boundaries egale ag amra eota one Cilga 1 Regional Boundaries Cilga 2 one on Sothern Zonal Boundaries est elesa ata eu ast elesa la Cece Accessed During ESA round 2 Deana alo Accessed During ESA round 4 est Debia one uia Accessed During ESA round 6 aa Alaata a ibla Access benat oi Fully Accessedausa aa obo ulina Asi one Partially Accessible iboeee ugna ae ana Soth onar ian North eo Accessed But No IDPs asta Aa A Ala a aint Ai Inaccessible 0 30 60 120 Sources: ESRI, IOM, UNJLC Kilometers Disclaimer : This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Map 2: Levels of accessibility and areas where the Emergency Site Assessment was conducted across Tigray, Amhara and Afar regions. 2 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021 DEMOGRAPHICS

*Kindly note that the sex breakdown only applies to IDPs tracked after the 49% males 51% females crisis started in 987,544 males 1,033,903 females November 2020.

MOBILITY Top 6 Urban Areas Hosting IDPs SHIRE 673,241 IDPs Number of sites where IDPs have 84 been previously displaced MEKELLE 295,979 IDPs SHERARO 273,275 IDPs Number of sites where IDPs have 285 been displaced for the first time ADWA 220,675 IDPs AXUM 133,674 IDPs ADIGRAT 86,436 IDPs DURABLE SOLUTIONS 308 Sites 66 Sites 3 Sites (81.7%) (17.5%) (0.8%) Return Locally Integrate Relocate A majority of IDPs in 305 sites in A majority of IDPs in 39 sites in IDPs in 3 sites in Amhara Tigray, 2 sites in Amhara, 1 site in Amhara, 18 sites in Afar and 9 sites prefer to relocate. Afar and prefer to return. in Tigray prefer to locally integrate. Factors preventing return Support needed to locally integrate

3 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021 INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES The table below depicts the fuctional status of key infrastructure and services by number of sites: Mostly Mostly Not Infrastructure Infrastructure Functioning Functioning Is Destroyed Never Existed Electricity 150 142 62 23

Tap water 89 219 51 18

Cell phone 196 132 48 1 coverage 271 94 11 1 Road to site

Primary school 66 180 128 3

Health facility 143 135 97 2

Place of 248 119 10 - worship Market 239 111 4 23

SHELTER Types of Shelters IDPs are Living in In 6 sites, 25-50% of IDP households are living outside or in an open space and in 1 site, 51-75% of IDP households are living outside which is located in Midre Genet, Amhara region.

In 78 sites, more than 75% of IDP households are living in self-constructed shelters that are below standard (no wa- terproofing, no covering, weak structure).

Main Concerns with the Current Shelter The main concern with the current shelter reported by IDPs was a lack of privacy in 359 sites, followed by lack of security in 318 sites, overcrowding in 232 sites and no light in 197 sites. Please note that this was a multiple-op- tion question. 4 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021 NON-FOOD ITEMS (NFIs) Most Needed NFI for IDPs by Number of Sites 336 Sites Number of sites where a majority of IDPs have not received the most needed NFI since being displaced

307 of these sites are in Tigray region, 13 sites are in Amhara region and 16 sites are in Afar region.

WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) Distance Required to Reach the Nearest Water Distribution Point Source of Drinking Water 30 minu tes w a lk

19 sites 255 sites

13 sites 90 sites Off-site On-site

In 255 sites, the main water distribution point was on-site and required less than a 30-minute walk to reach. For 13 A majority of IDPs rely on water trucking distribution to sites, the distance required more than a 30-minute walk collect water in 150 sites and tap water networks in 80 and was off-site. sites. FOOD & NUTRITION The following is the breakdown of sites and the last time food was distributed in the site: 76 sites No food distribution 76 Sites Number of sites where 44 sites Within the month there has been no food distribution 73 sites 1 month ago 44 sites 2 months ago 18 sites are in Northwestern zone, 13 sites in Mekelle, 12 sites in Central zone, 11 sites in Southeastern zone, 6 sites 3 months ago 10 sites in Southern zone and 9 sites are in Eastern zone, Tigray region. Additionally, 2 sites are in Zone 2 22 sites > 3 months ago Afar region, and 1 site is in Central Gondar, Amhara region. 111 sites Irregular 5 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021

Main Source for Accessing Food A majority of IDPs in 189 sites in Tigray region are mainly relying on host community donations. The IDPs in 108 sites in Tigray rely on food distributions, while 12 sites in Tigray region reported not having access to food. Additionally, IDPs in 3 sites in the Tigray are sell- ing livestock for food.

Access to Markets The following is the breakdown of sites and their access to a market: 280 sites Have access to a market 97 sites Do not have access to a market

HEALTH Distance to Health Facilities

20 The location of health facilities are off-site and require mi nu more than a 20-minute walk to reach in 105 sites. How- te s ever, the health facilities are on-site and require less than a 20-minute walk to reach in 100 sites.

Additionally, 36 sites rely on a mobile clinics/health 36 sites 100 sites visits and IDPs in 65 sites reported having no access to health facilities. All 65 sites are in Tigray region. Note 105 sites 33 sites that this analysis evaluates the distance to the health fa- Off-site On-site cilities and does not equate to access to heath services.

Factors Preventing IDPs from Accessing Health Main Concern Health Services

In 347 sites, the absence of medicine was the main factor Diarrhea was the main health concern in 94 sites while preventing IDPs from accessing health services. In 331 pneumonia was the main health concern in 89 sites. sites, the cost was the main factor. 6 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021 EDUCATION The following is the breakdown of sites and their access to primary school education:

57 sites Displaced children have access to (formal) primary schools 320 sites Displaced children do not have access to (formal) primary schools Issues with Accessing Education

IDPs in 191 sites cited the lack of security as their main issue. Of the 168 sites that mentioned ‘other’ as the issue, this was mainly the absence of educational services, IDPs not perceiving the situation to be safe enough and the inaffordability of learning supplies.

22 sites IDP children have access to alternative basic education/ temporary learning centers

LIVELIHOODS Current Occupation of the Majority of IDPs Access to Land Reported by Site The following is the breakdown of sites and IDPs’ access to land for cultivation: 2 sites Less than 25% have access to land 1 site 25-50% have access to land 3 sites 51-75% have access to land 371 sites Do not have access to land

In 349 sites (93%), a majority of IDPs currently do not Possession of Livestock have any occupation, while a majority of IDPs are daily The following is the breakdown of sites and IDPs’ labourers in 14 sites (4%) and pastoralists in 7 sites (2%). possession of livestock in these sites: 10 sites <25% of IDPs have livestock Source of Income 5 sites 25-50% have livestock Of the 377 sites assessed, IDP households in 348 sites said that they did not have a source of income. In 17 6 sites 51-75% have livestock sites, less than 25% of IDPs have a source of income and in 9 site, 25-50% of IDPs have a source of income. 356 sites Do not have livestock 7 Emergency Site Assessment: Northern Ethiopia Crisis 7 Data Collection: 1 — 26 June 2021 Publication Date: 13 August 2021

Resources and Assets that Were Lost or Damaged During Displacement by Number of Sites

PROTECTION

60,048 24,260 82,780 8,798 2,530 Persons with Pregnant Single female-hedaded Persons with Orphaned children chronic diseases/ women households physical disabilities serious medical 2,719 conditions 51,846 820 1,967 Separated children Breastfeeding Child-headed Persons with mothers households mental disabilities 971 Unaccompanied children

Available and Accessible Protection Services Accessibility of Complaint and Feedback Mechanisms in Place Per Site

In 13 sites, psychosocial support services were In only 22 sites were complaint and feedback available while in 8 sites, family tracing support were mechanisms for humanitarian assistance reportedly available. Child protection services and GBV services accessible to everyone including women and children. were available in 4 and 3 sites respectively. However, However, there was reportedly no access to these no protection services were available for 356 sites. mechanisms in 161 sites. 8

ANNEX: SUMMARY TABLES OF DISPLACEMENT

289

TotalSites

791

747

340

250

110

351

460

433

674

225

192

8,759

2,400

7,017 9,550

2,187

9,991

2,595

2,186

6,417

6,207

5,608

9,423

4,635

5,241

5,510

9,893

7,198

9,471

3,023

1,277

1,738

4,202

6,920

1,930

7,448

5,328

2,400

6,918

1,375

6,960

2,802

16,720

15,052

35,787

26,019

36,770

71,753

27,333

64,725

62,156

26,094

39,283

17,484

14,271

22,086

91,519

19,988

15,770

49,001

673,241

273,275

133,674

220,675

1,966,919

Total Individuals Total

323

704

717

310

386

143

130

179

554

182

109

888

400

435

467

2,401

2,397 2,724

3,142

1,086

1,055

1,688

1,855

1,991

1,929

2,537

2,995

6,577

4,038

6,200

2,136

6,991

8,828

4,347

1,077

1,341

6,831

2,141

3,774

5,317

2,005

1,321

8,032

1,329

3,098

1,270

1,237

3,154

1,361

9,102

1,160

48,853

18,058

14,844

15,813

11,153

18,746

21,935

41,343

414,326

138,561

TotalHH

Sites

170

221

- 432

670

801

484 -

120

576

384

192

8,759

8,929

1,814

2,880

5,170

8,099

1,047

8,320

4,785

5,981

5,510

1,613

1,544

6,713

38,386

23,734

14,064

15,892

148,280

In 2021 In

Individuals

- 142

151

510

554

125

890

522

104 -

485

502

120

216

107

109

2,401

2,446

7,881

3,456

2,577

1,646

1,601

1,407

3,738

1,590

1,341

1,243

30,684

- 19

181

Sites

621

164

579

747

340

250

110

351

406

433

674

225

1,033

4,508

9,991

5,747

5,608

8,952

3,588

5,241

8,280

5,654

1,277

1,738

3,818

6,920

1,930

7,448

5,328

2,400

6,918

1,375

6,960

2,802

21,723

21,985

31,600

63,654

19,013

59,940

46,264

20,113

39,283

17,000

91,519

19,358

15,770

49,001

634,855

231,723

133,554

213,962

1,705,533

Individuals

During 2020 During

- 278

278

- 314

174

310

386

143

179

554

182

888

400

435

467

1,554

3,142

1,537

1,991

1,790

4,000

3,306

5,310

1,614

5,390

9,563

8,828

4,243

1,077

1,656

3,272

7,785

1,222

3,098

1,270

1,237

3,154

1,361

9,102

1,160

41,974

16,412

13,437

12,075

18,746

21,815

40,100

354,045

130,680

Sites

1,367

2,288

2,187

1,999

2,186

3,814

9,423

6,100

3,233

9,471

3,023

17,818

13,840

14,271

22,086

113,106

Individuals

Before 2020 Before

390

- 744

717

- 899

607

1,055

1,171

1,929

3,423

1,983

1,205

6,831

5,317

2,005

1,321

29,597

Cause

Conflict

Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Round 7 (June 2021) - Summary Table of Displacement of Table Summary - 2021) (June 7 Round (DTM) Matrix Tracking Displacement

Woreda

Hagereselam

Abiyiadi

MekoniTown

Imba Alaje Imba

Raya Azebo Raya

Maychew

Endamehoni

Hintalo

Adigudom

Enderta

MaekelAdiyabo

Tsimbla

Shire

Sheraro

SeyemtiAdyabo

Laelay Koraro Laelay

Endabaguna

Adi Daero Adi

Tahtay Koraro Tahtay

SemenCity Sub

Quiha Subcity Quiha

KedamayWeyaneCity Sub

Hawelti Sub City Sub Hawelti

Hadnet Sub City HadnetSub

Ayder Sub City Sub Ayder

Adihaki Sub CityAdihakiSub

Edaga Hamus TownEdaga

ZalanbesaTown

Tsirae Wenberta Tsirae

Tsaeda Emba Tsaeda

FireweyniTown

WukroTown

Gulomekeda

AdigratTown

TahtayMaychew

LaelayMaychew

Axum

Adwa

Midre Genet Midre

Tsagbije

Sekota City Administration City Sekota

Abergele

Ziquala

Sekota

Sahla

Gaz Gibla Gaz

Dehana

Dabat City Administration City Dabat

Dabat

Debark

AddiArekay

Wogera

WestBelesa

Gonder City Administration City Gonder

Lay Armacheho Lay

Ab Ala Ab

Megale

Koneba

Erebti

Dalul

Berahile

Yalo

Gulina

Zone

SouthEast

Central

Southern

SouthEast

NorthWestern

Mekelle

Eastern

Central

West Gonder

Wag Himra Wag

North Gonder

Central Gonder

Kilbati (Zone 2) (Zone Kilbati

Fenti (Zone 4) (Zone Fenti

Region

Tigray Total Tigray

Tigray

Tigray Total Tigray

Tigray

AmharaTotal

Amhara

Afar Total Afar

Afar

Round 6 Round Round

Round 7 Round

(May 2021) (May (June 2021) (June 9

377

TotalSites

260

5,000

7,500

1,956

1,380

15,500

28,333

28,000

31,929

2,105,387

Total Individuals Total

933

460

3,100

1,000

1,200

8,532

5,300

10,008

449,492

TotalHH

Sites

11,751

169,536

In 2021 In

Individuals

4,035

37,381

254

Sites

260

7,500

5,000

7,500

1,956

1,380

16,582

20,000

20,178

1,814,691

Individuals

During 2020 During

933

460

1,500

1,000

1,200

4,497

3,700

5,973

380,883

Sites

8,000

121,160

Individuals

Before 2020 Before

1,600

31,228

Cause

Conflict

Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Round 7 (June 2021) - Summary Table of Displacement Table of - Summary 2021) (June 7 Round (DTM) DisplacementTracking Matrix

Woreda

RayaChercher

RayaAzebo

RayaAlamata

Welkait

Dansha

Tsegede

Abiyiadi

Zone

Southern

Western

Central

Region

Tigray Total Tigray

Tigray

Tigray Total Tigray

Tigray

Round

Round 2 Round

Round 4 Round

(March 2021) (March

January 2021) January

(December 2020 - 2020 (December * Kindly note that this summary table includes IDPs who were previously accessed during round 2, 4 and 6, but could not be covered during round 7 due to insecurity or access insecurity or to constraints. due 7 round during covered couldbut be not and 6, 4 table includes thatthis * Kindlypreviously summary note IDPs 2, accessed who were round during GrandTotal 10