DOCSLIB.ORG

Dungeon, Fire and Sword, the Knights Templar in the Crusades

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dungeon, Fire and Sword, the Knights Templar in the Crusades Dungeon, Fire, & Sword The Knights Templar in the Crusades JOHN J. ROBINSON SOLDIERS OF GOD With more colorful characters and startling plot twists than the most dramatic of novels, John J. Robinson's Dungeon, Fire, & Sword immerses the reader in an historical era where the blood flows freely, tribal antagonisms run deep, and betrayal lurks around every corner. The time is the Crusades and the place is the Middle East, where a fearless band of monk-warriors called the Knights Templar have vowed to protect Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land. The story of their faith and courage— and the horrors of their ultimate betrayal—has resonated throughout history. A vivid and gripping account of that incredible time, Dungeon, Fire, & Sword is a brilliant work of narrative history. • Separates fact from the large amount of fiction that surrounds the Knights Templar. • Offers valuable insights into the people and politics of the Middle East that are strikingly relevant today. • Filled with famous figures such as Richard the Lionhearted, St. Francis of Assisi, St. Thomas Aquinas, Marco Polo, and Genghis Khan. • Explores the question of missing Templar treasure and whether a secret succession of underground grand masters exists to this day. "Long on enthusiasm and colorful narrative...it is high adventure." — The New York Times Book Review "A dramatic, gripping history of the Knights Templar... Rich in human incident." —Publishers Weekly (starred review) 'Robinson's account ...serves as a reminder that history can be more enthralling than even the most imaginative fiction." —Booklist (starred review) "A fascinating history of an incredible time." —The Washington Times Filled with bloody battles, brutal torture, and extraordinary feats of courage and faith, John J. Robinson's Dungeon, Fire, & Sword tells the stirring story of one of the worlds most famous military orders— the Knights Templar. For nearly two hundred years during the Crusades, this extraordinary group of monk-warriors waged war against Muslims in the Holy Land. Fearless fighters, the Knights amassed great power and wealth over the years, but were ultimately betrayed by the papacy—the very office that had personally protected them for so long. In fluid and gripping prose, John J. Robinson captures all the emotion and excitement of the great Crusades as he describes the origin, the exploits, and the ultimate demise of the Knights Templar. Formed shortly after the First Crusade, the group began humbly when nine men took sacred vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, and dedicated their entire lives to serving the True Cross. At first they just guarded the pilgrim roads to Jerusalem, but over the years the Knights became the largest standing army in the Christian kingdom. Over twenty thousand military monks fought and died crossing swords with Muslim "infidels." Their selfless dedication earned them a flood of gifts, including vast estates and castles. But once the Crusades were lost, so was the Knights' purpose. Their wealth, however, remained. Motivated in part by envy and greed, the Church issued a papal bull ordering all members of the military order arrested, tortured, and executed by the Inquisition. During one terrible morning in Paris, fifty-four Templars were burned alive. Interwoven with the incredible story of the Knights is a fascinating history of the Holy Land, its people, and its politics. As he brings the Middle East vividly to life, the author provides fresh understanding of its inhabitants, including the Sunnis and the Shiites, the Kurds and the Egyptians, and the Arabs and the Turks. The result is a breathtaking tapestry of the world at the time of the Crusades, as rich and colorful as the most imaginative fiction. A former Marine, farmer, and business executive, John J. Robinson is the author of the provocative medieval history Born in Blood. During his lifetime he was a member of the Medieval Academy of America, The Organization of American Historians, and the Royal Overseas League of London. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ix PART ONE: The First Crusade and the Birth of the Temple 1. Holy War (1052 to 1099) 3 2. The Kingdom of Jerusalem (1100 to 1118) 19 3. The Knights of the Temple (1118 to 1139) 32 4. Allahu Akbar! 52 PART TWO: At War in the Holy Land 5. St. Bernard's Crusade (1126 to 1148) 73 6. The Breach at Ascalon (1149 to 1162) 90 7. The Coming of Saladin (1163 to 1174) 105 8. The Horns of Hattin (1174 to 1187) 128 9. The Fall of Jerusalem (1187) 150 10. Frederick Barbarossa (1187 to 1190) 158 11. The Lion Heart (1190 to 1191) 171 12. Impasse (1191 to 1192) 184 13. The Sons of Saladin (1193 to 1199) 198 14. A Crusade Against Christians (1200 to 1204) 210 15. The Albigensian Crusade (1205 to 1214) 221 16. A Cardinal Sin (1215 to 1229) 235 17. The Emperor Frederick (1221 to 1229) 252 18. The Disorder of the Temple (1229 to 1239) 267 19. Tibald of Champagne (1239 to 1240) 275 20. Triumph and Tragedy (1241 to 1247) 284 21. The Man Who Would Be Saint (1244 to1250) 296 22. King-of-the-Hill (1250 to 1261) 314 23. The Khan of Khans (1167 to 1260) 327 24. The Revenge of Baibars (1260 to 1274) 346 25. The Pope of Good Intentions (1271 to 1274) 360 26. A Kingdom Coming Apart (1275 to 1289) 373 27. The Fall of Acre (1289 to 1291) 391 28. "Jesus Wept" (1292 to 1305) 405 PART THREE: Torture and Trial 29. Friday the Thirteenth (1306 to 1307) 423 30. A Faith to Die For (1307 to 1311) 435 31. The Destruction of the Temple (1311 to1314) 453 32. Legacy 470 Lists of Templar Grand Masters, Popes, Kings of Jerusalem, France, England, Germany, and Holy Roman Emperors 477 BIBLIOGRAPHY 479 INDEX 483 "Faith of our fathers, living still In spite of dungeon, fire and sword... " FREDERICK W. FABER (1814-1863) See map following page 240, Crusades Up the Nile (Chapters 16 and 21). See map following page 392, The Siege of Acre 1291 (Chapter 27). Introduction ANYONE WHO BELIEVES that historical research is drudgery has never delved into the past of the military monastic order known as the Knights Templar. Its story in the great Crusades, even when re- counted by somber church chroniclers, is high adventure. The order was organized in the aftermath of the First Crusade, when a small band of knights took vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience to dedicate their entire lives to the protection of pilgrims to the Holy Land. At first they just guarded the pilgrim roads to Jerusalem, but over the years they grew to become the largest standing army in the Christian kingdom. They took their name from their headquarters in a captured mosque built on the site of the ancient Temple of Solomon, on the Temple Mount in the Holy City. Their selfless dedication earned the approval of all Christendom. Saint Bernard of Clairvaux became their most enthusiastic cham- pion, and soon a flood of gifts enriched the Knights Templar with manors, mills, and markets throughout Europe, along with vast estates and castles in the Holy Land. Predictably, their pride quickly grew to match their wealth. In time, the prelates and princes who had once extolled the Templar virtues became jealous of the treasure that the order had accumulated—in such abundance that the employment of its surplus funds had made the Knights Templar the major bankers of the Christian world. The Templars operated under the personal protection of the popes so long as the struggle for the Holy Places of Jesus Christ continued, as it did for almost two hundred years. Over twenty thousand military monks fought and died in the sacred quest. Even a number of the order's grand masters died on the battlefields, where x the Knights Templar crossed swords with Turks and Kurds, Arabs and Egyptians. As the invading Christians were ultimately pushed back to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, there were countless awesome examples of courage and faith. After the loss of one of their inland castles, the Templar garrison was offered life and freedom if the knights would abandon Christianity to embrace Islam. All of them, over two hundred Knights of the Temple, chose to kneel before their Muslim executioners and lose their heads, rather than lose their faith. As Christians were forced out of one walled city after another, and eventually out of the Holy Land altogether, the Templars were the last to leave. They had castles that the Muslims never succeeded in taking, but in the end there were no Christian pilgrims for them to protect, no Crusader leaders to support. They simply abandoned their last fortresses. Once the Crusades were lost, the Templar purpose was lost, although much of the order's wealth remained. With their own coffers drained through incessant wars, Christian monarchs looked at the Templar treasure with envy, but none with more aggressive greed than Philip IV of France. In league with Clement V, a French pope largely under his con- trol, Philip plotted to bring down the Templar order with charges of heresy, the one crime that would permit confiscation of its extensive properties. To implement his plan, King Philip ordered the arrest of every Templar in France at the same time, at dawn on Friday the Thirteenth in October of 1307. The agonizing torture to extract confessions of heresy began that same unlucky day. A papal bull went out to all the Catholic monarchs, commanding them to arrest and torture the Knights Templar within their domains. Some obeyed, some flouted the pope's orders, and some had their local Templars tried and found innocent, but by then the venerable military order was effectively shattered.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Military Orders in Wales and the Welsh March in the Middle Ages1
    The Military Orders in Wales and the Welsh March in the Middle Ages In the later medieval centuries the Hospitallers’ estates in Wales were among the most extensive of any religious corporation there. In 1535, just before the dissolution of the monasteries, the commandery at Slebech was the third richest monastic house in Wales, after the Cistercian abbeys at Tintern and Valle Crucis. The next richest house after Slebech was another Cistercian house, Margam Abbey, © Copyrighted Material followed by the Benedictine priory at Abergavenny. by comparison with other Hospitaller houses in England and Wales. In 1338 it received the largest income of any Hospitaller house in England and Wales, apart Chapter 16 from the main house at Clerkenwell just outside London, fourth highest net value of the Hospitallers’ twenty-two houses in England and Wales, after Clerkenwell, Buckland and Ribston. we might expect the Hospitallers to have held great authority and power in Wales, and their Welsh property to have been very significant within the Order. Helen J. Nicholson the Templars in the British Isles were arrested on the order of King Edward II of In contrast, the Templars held very little property in Wales. In 1308, when their assistance with certain points in this paper. 1 £188; the annual net income of Margam was £181 per annum, while Abergavenny’s was £129. D. Knowles2 and R.N. I Hadcock,am very grateful Medieval to PhilipReligious Handyside, Houses: KathrynEngland Hurlock and Wales and, Paul Sambrook for 2nd edn (London, 1971), pp. 52, 114, 301; cf. R.K. Turvey, ‘Priest and Patron: A Study of a Gentry Family’s Patronage ofThe the annual Church net in income South-West of Slebech Wales was in the£184, Later after Middle Tintern’s Ages’, £192 and Valle Crucis’s Journal of Welsh Ecclesiastical History, 8 (1991), 7–19, here p.
    [Show full text]
  • Templars' Court
    Templars’ Court 2. 3. About Temple Sowerby Temple Sowerby, situated at the foot of the Fells halfway between Penrith and Appleby, boasts the nickname the “Queen of Westmorland Villages”, although its actual name comes from the Knights Templar who were granted the Manor of Temple Sowerby in 1228. The original manor house was later passed to the Knights Hospitallers, prior to the Templar order being bloodily suppressed in 1312, and was then seized in 1545 by Henry VIII, who granted the manor of Temple Sowerby to Thomas Dalton. The red sandstone manor house, built partly in the 16th Century, then added to in the 18th Century, now belongs to the National Trust and is known as Acorn Bank. The village is set around a traditional village green, and boasts mid-16th Century rubble-and-thatch buildings intermingled with 18th and 19th Century buildings – it is also one of few Westmorland villages retaining a maypole. Today, a truly rural community enjoy the tranquility that the recently built A66 by-pass has bought by diverting some 13,000 vehicles a day which used to dissect the village. About Cumbrian Homes Established in Penrith in 1971, Cumbrian Homes are developers of high quality homes in the North West of England. Winners of the NHBC Gold Award and the Newcastle Journal’s 21st Century Living Awards, the company have built an enviable reputation for building homes of superb quality in outstanding locations. Employing their own craftsmen and using local materials and suppliers wherever possible, coupled with the very latest in luxurious fittings, Cumbrian Homes spare no expense in creating homes where innovative design, quality of construction and attention to detail are the rules.
    [Show full text]
  • Famouskin.Com Relationship Chart of Charles Darwin Theory of Evolution 19Th Cousin 2 Times Removed of Thomas Sim Lee 2Nd and 7Th Governor of Maryland
    FamousKin.com Relationship Chart of Charles Darwin Theory of Evolution 19th cousin 2 times removed of Thomas Sim Lee 2nd and 7th Governor of Maryland Isaac II Angelos - - - - - - - - - - - Irene Angelina Irene Angelina Philip of Swabia Philip of Swabia Marie of Hohenstaufen Marie of Hohenstaufen Henry II, Duke of Brabant Henry II, Duke of Brabant Matilda of Brabant Matilda of Brabant Robert I, Count of Artois Robert I, Count of Artois Blanche of Artois Blanche of Artois Edmund Plantagenet Edmund Plantagenet Henry Plantagenet Henry Plantagenet Maud de Chaworth Maud de Chaworth Eleanor Plantagenet Eleanor Plantagenet Richard FitzAlan Richard FitzAlan Alice FitzAlan Sir Richard FitzAlan FamousKin.comSir Thomas de Holand Elizabeth de Bohun A B © 2010-2021 FamousKin.com Page 1 of 3 30 Sep 2021 FamousKin.com Relationship Chart of Charles Darwin to Thomas Sim Lee A B Margaret de Holand Elizabeth FitzAlan Sir John Beaufort Sir Robert Goushill Edmund Beaufort Joan Goushill Eleanor Beauchamp Sir Thomas Stanley Eleanor Beaufort Katherine Stanley Sir Robert Spencer Sir John Savage Margaret Spencer Dulcia Savage Sir Thomas Carey Sir Henry Bold Sir William Carey Maud Bold Mary Boleyn Thomas Gerard Catherine Carey Jennet Gerard Sir Francis Knollys Richard Eltonhead Henry Knollys William Eltonhead Margaret Cave Anne Bowers Lettice Knollys Richard Eltonhead William Paget Anne Sutton William Paget Alice Eltonhead Frances Rich Henry Corbin Penelope Paget Laetitia Corbin FamousKin.comPhilip Foley Richard Lee C D © 2010-2021 FamousKin.com Page 2 of 3 30 Sep 2021 FamousKin.com Relationship Chart of Charles Darwin to Thomas Sim Lee C D Paul Foley Philip Lee Elizabeth Turton Sarah Brooke Penelope Foley Thomas Lee Charles Howard Christiana Sim Mary Howard Thomas Sim Lee Erasmus Darwin 2nd and 7th Governor of Maryland Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Rivenhall Park Brochure
    Rivenhall Park Witham A collection of 2, 3, 4 and 5 bedroom homes ‘ A reputation built on solid foundations Bellway has been building exceptional the local area. Each year, Bellway commits quality new homes throughout the UK to supporting education initiatives, providing for over 70 years, creating outstanding transport and highways improvements, properties in desirable locations. healthcare facilities and preserving - as well as creating - open spaces for everyone to enjoy. During this time, Bellway has earned a strong reputation for high standards of design, build Our high standards are reflected in our quality and customer service. From the dedication to customer service and we believe location of the site, to the design of the home, that the process of buying and owning to the materials selected, we ensure that our a Bellway home is a pleasurable and impeccable attention to detail is at the straightforward one. Having the knowledge, forefront of our build process. support and advice from a committed Bellway team member will ensure your We create developments which foster strong home-buying experience is seamless and communities and integrate seamlessly with rewarding, at every step of the way. There is a home for everyone These sumptuous houses are Settle at Rivenhall Park, an exquisite wonderfully complemented by new development lovingly their outstanding location in one in leafy created by master housebuilder of Essex’s most popular towns. Bellway, and the residences Witham boasts a fine selection range between two and five of convenient amenities, plus Witham bedrooms. Careful consideration excellent transport links to has been given to creating London and beyond.
    [Show full text]
  • SEPTEMBER 2019 Priories
    The BULLETIN The Order of St John of Jerusalem Knights Hospitaller THE GRAND PRIORY OF AUSTRALASIA Under the Royal Charter of HM King Peter II of Yugoslavia THE PRIORY OF QUEENSLAND AND COMMANDERIES: BRISBANE, GOLD COAST, SUNSHINE COAST AND WESTERN AUSTRALIA A centuries- old ceremony THE PRIORY OF THE DARLING DOWNS performed with grace and dignity, THE PRIORY OF VICTORIA welcoming 10 investees from three Queensland SEPTEMBER 2019 priories. Overseas Visitors 3 Pages 4-11 A Three-Priory Investiture 4 -11 Vancouver Meeting 2020 7 Elevations 2019 11 Victoria Investiture 12-14 Simulator for Life Flight 15 Brisbane Priory News 16 Footsteps of the Knights Tour 17 News and Events from WA 20 A Year of Celebration 22 Sunshine Coast News 24 THE BULLETIN EDITORIAL CHEVALIER CHARLES CLARK GCSJ MMSJ weekend a cocktail party celebrated 50 years of the Order of Saint John in Australia and a commemorative From the Editor’s desk medal was issued. A week later the Priory of Victoria held their Investiture Ceremony attended The three months be together. also by the Sovereign Order May to July this year have been In May the Commandery of representatives. All these unite an extra-ordinary time for the Western Australia was elevated to further our work for Christian Grand Priory of Australasia. It to Priory status, and so was the Charity. If it were not so, the writing has seen changes; changes in the Commandery of the Sunshine Coast. about them would be futile. way things are done, changes in New Members’ Night, an event Planning continues for fund- attitudes.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemsby: Norfolk's Answer to Cressing Barns
    HBG e w sletter Autumn 2005 NUMBER TEN Norfolk Historic Buildings Group N www.nhbg.org.uk Contents Chair .......................................................................Contents 2 Agenda Medium 10 pt 12 Moulded Stairleading Treads Normal ..................................... Centred 1 2 VAG Meetings .....................................................mm after 2 Contents text From East AngliaAgenda to New LIGHT England 10 pt 12............. 3 leading Normal left justi- Harleston Day with Mark Kenyon ........... 4 fied margin 5mm 1st in- A view of Swaffhamdent -5 ........................................mm right margin 6 85 mm 3mm after ....................... Redenhall Church ............................................ 6 Swaffham Church .............................................7 Cromer – A Late Victorian Seaside Town .............................................. 8 NHBG visit to Raynham Hall ....................... 9 Old Hall South Burlingham: a Reprise ...................................................... 9 Dower House: Points to Note….................10 Hemsby Barn .......................................................11 Waxham Great Barn ................................12/13 Essex Historic Buildings Group Study Day at Cressing Temple ...........14 Gowthorpe Manor .........................................15 NHBG Church and Chapel sub-group ....................................16 The Ancient House, Thetford ....................17 Insurance Note .................................................17 Editor, AGM, Courses .....................................18
    [Show full text]
  • RUSSIAN TRADITION of the KNIGHTS of MALTA OSJ The
    RUSSIAN TRADITION OF THE KNIGHTS OF MALTA OSJ The Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitaller is a collection of charitable organisations claiming continuity with the Russian Orthodox grand priory of the Order of Saint John. Their distinction emerged when the Mediterranean stronghold of Malta was captured by Napoleon in 1798 when he made his expedition to Egypt. As a ruse, Napoleon asked for safe harbor to resupply his ships, and then turned against his hosts once safely inside Valletta. Grand Master Ferdinand von Hompesch failed to anticipate or prepare for this threat, provided no effective leadership, and readily capitulated to Napoleon. This was a terrible affront to most of the Knights desiring to defend their stronghold and sovereignty. The Order continued to exist in a diminished form and negotiated with European governments for a return to power. The Emperor of Russia gave the largest number of Knights shelter in St Petersburg and this gave rise to the Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitaller and recognition within the Russian Imperial Orders. In gratitude the Knights declared Ferdinand von Hompesch deposed and Emperor Paul I was elected as the new Grand Master. Origin Blessed Gerard created the Order of St John of Jerusalem as a distinctive Order from the previous Benedictine establishment of Hospitallers (Госпитальеры). It provided medical care and protection for pilgrims visiting Jerusalem. After the success of the First Crusade, it became an independent monastic order, and then as circumstances demanded grafted on a military identity, to become an Order of knighthood. The Grand Priory of the Order moved to Rhodes in 1312, where it ruled as a sovereign power, then to Malta in 1530 as a sovereign/vassal power.
    [Show full text]
  • Explore, Eat & Drink, and Stay in Essex
    Explore, Eat & Drink, and Stay in Essex Two days around the historic county of Essex 2 DAYS HIGHLIGHTS TRAVEL Beth Chatto Gardens Between 30 minutes - 1 hour Wivenhoe House Norman Castle Tiptree Tea Room Mersea Island Brewery Discover and explore historic castles, rural vineyards and transformed gardens in the exciting county of Essex. This itinerary introduces you to some truly great attractions around Essex, from picturesque Tudor merchant houses to an estuary island brewery. Day 1: Colchester MORNING: COLCHESTER Your experience begins at the wonderful Beth Chatto Gardens in Elmstead Market just east of Colchester. A real treat for the senses, you can’t help but wonder about the hard work and passion that went into transforming this once barren and forgotten land into an oasis by Beth Chatto OBE herself. You can spend as long as four hours in the gardens so feel free to take your time to explore, with a stop off at the café for refreshments and homemade cakes. For lunch head over to The Brasserie at Wivenhoe House, just 10 minutes from the garden. It is surrounded by beautiful woodland and actually sits in the grounds of Essex University, but you wouldn’t know it! AFTERNOON: COLCHESTER TOWN AND MERSEA ISLAND Again, just a 10 minute drive from Wivenhoe House and you will be in the vibrant town of Colchester. Once the Roman capital of England, it is also the oldest recorded town in the UK. Your first stop will be the wonderful Norman Colchester Castle built on the foundations of the Temple of Claudius, and the largest Norman keep in Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Cry Havoc Règles Fr 20/07/17 10:50 Page1
    ager historique UK_cry havoc règles fr 20/07/17 10:50 Page1 HISTORY & SCENARIOS ager historique UK_cry havoc règles fr 20/07/17 10:50 Page2 © Buxeria & Historic’One éditions - 2017 - v1.0 ager historique UK_cry havoc règles fr 20/07/17 10:50 Page3 SELJUK SULTANATE OF RUM Konya COUNTY OF EDESSA Sis PRINCIPALITY OF ARMENIAN CILICIA Edessa Tarsus Turbessel Harran BYZANTINE EMPIRE Antioch Aleppo PRINCIPALITY OF ANTIOCH Emirate of Shaïzar Isma'ili COUNTY OF GRAND SELJUK TRIPOLI EMPIRE Damascus Acre DAMASCUS F THE MIDDLE EAST KINGDOM IN 1135 TE O OF between the First JERUSALEM and Second Crusades Jerusalem EMIRA N EW S FATIMID 0 150 km CALIPHATE ager historique UK_cry havoc règles fr 20/07/17 10:43 Page1 History The Normans in Northern Syria in the 12th Century 1. Historical background Three Normans distinguished themselVes during the First Crusade: Robert Curthose, Duke of NormandY and eldest son of William the Conqueror 1 Whose actions Were decisiVe at the battle of DorYlea in 1197, Bohemond of Taranto, the eldest son of Robert Guiscard 2, and his nepheW Tancred, Who led one of the assaults upon the Walls of Jerusalem in 1099. Before participating in the crusade, Bohemond had been passed oVer bY his Younger half-brother Roger Borsa as Duke of Puglia and Calabria on the death of his father in 1085. Far from being motiVated bY religious sentiment like GodfreY of Bouillon, the crusade Was for him just another occasion to Wage War against his perennial enemY, BYZantium, and to carVe out his oWn state in the HolY Land.
    [Show full text]
  • Cavalieri Templari
    Cavalieri templari Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera. (Reindirizzamento da Templari) Vai a: Navigazione, cerca La croce dei templari, simbolo dell'ordine Il sigillo dei cavalieri: i due cavalieri sono stati interpretati come simbolo di povertà o della dualità del monaco/soldato I Pauperes Commilitones Christi Templique Salomonis ("Poveri compagni di Cristo e del Tempio di Salomone"), meglio noti come Cavalieri templari o semplicemente Templari o Tempieri, furono tra i primi e più noti ordini militari cristiani. L'origine di quest'ordine viene fatta risalire agli anni 1118-1120, subito dopo la prima crociata del 1096, per aiutare il nuovo Regno di Gerusalemme a resistere contro gli sconfitti musulmani e per assicurare la sicurezza dei numerosi pellegrini europei che visitavano Gerusalemme dopo la sua conquista. L'ordine fu ufficializzato il 29 marzo 1139 con la Bolla pontificia Omne datum optimum e definitivamente dissolto tra il 1312 e il 1314. Indice [nascondi] · 1 Struttura dell'ordine · 2 Storia o 2.1 Attività bancarie o 2.2 La caduta o 2.3 Persecuzione e perdono · 3 Ordini moderni e rivendicazioni di discendenza · 4 Miti · 5 I Templari nei media · 6 Gran maestri dell'Ordine del Tempio · 7 Luoghi templari · 8 Bibliografia · 9 Voci correlate · 10 Collegamenti esterni [modifica] Struttura dell'ordine I Templari erano organizzati come un vero e proprio ordine monastico, la cui regola fu influenzata da San Bernardo di Chiaravalle, il predicatore e teologo fondatore dell'ordine dei Cistercensi, loro convinto sostenitore. Venivano reclutati soprattutto tra i giovani della nobiltà, desiderosi di impegnarsi nella difesa della cristianità in Medio Oriente. L'ordine militare così formato aveva una gerarchia assai rigida.
    [Show full text]
  • Heineman Royal Ancestors Medieval Europe
    HERALDRYand BIOGRAPHIES of the HEINEMAN ROYAL ANCESTORS of MEDIEVAL EUROPE HERALDRY and BIOGRAPHIES of the HEINEMAN ROYAL ANCESTORS of MEDIEVAL EUROPE INTRODUCTION After producing numerous editions and revisions of the Another way in which the royal house of a given country familiy genealogy report and subsequent support may change is when a foreign prince is invited to fill a documents the lineage to numerous royal ancestors of vacant throne or a next-of-kin from a foreign house Europe although evident to me as the author was not clear succeeds. This occurred with the death of childless Queen to the readers. The family journal format used in the Anne of the House of Stuart: she was succeeded by a reports, while comprehensive and the most popular form prince of the House of Hanover who was her nearest for publishing genealogy can be confusing to individuals Protestant relative. wishing to trace a direct ancestral line of descent. Not everyone wants a report encumbered with the names of Unlike all Europeans, most of the world's Royal Families every child born to the most distant of family lines. do not really have family names and those that have adopted them rarely use them. They are referred to A Royal House or Dynasty is a sort of family name used instead by their titles, often related to an area ruled or by royalty. It generally represents the members of a family once ruled by that family. The name of a Royal House is in various senior and junior or cadet branches, who are not a surname; it just a convenient way of dynastic loosely related but not necessarily of the same immediate identification of individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • THE COAT of ARMS an Heraldic Journal Published Twice Yearly by the Heraldry Society the COAT of ARMS the Journal of the Heraldry Society
    Third Series Vol. IV part 1. ISSN 0010-003X No. 215 Price £12.00 Spring 2008 THE COAT OF ARMS an heraldic journal published twice yearly by The Heraldry Society THE COAT OF ARMS The journal of the Heraldry Society Third series Volume IV 2008 Part 1 Number 215 in the original series started in 1952 The Coat of Arms is published twice a year by The Heraldry Society, whose registered office is 53 High Street, Burnham, Slough SL1 7JX. The Society was registered in England in 1956 as registered charity no. 241456. Founding Editor †John Brooke-Little, C.V.O., M.A., F.H.S. Honorary Editors C. E. A. Cheesman, M.A., PH.D., Rouge Dragon Pursuivant M. P. D. O’Donoghue, M.A., Bluemantle Pursuivant Editorial Committee Adrian Ailes, B.A., F.S.A., F.H.S. Jackson W. Armstrong, B.A. Andrew Hanham, B.A., PH.D. Advertizing Manager John Tunesi of Liongam PLATE 1 Cressac-sur-Charente, France: wall painting from the Templar Chapel, c. 1200. See page 10. THE COAT OF ARMS SOME EXTERNAL INSIGNIA OF OFFICE FOR DIGNITARIES OF THE ORDER OF ST JOHN OF JERUSALEM, CYPRUS, RHODES AND MALTA John Joseph Fitzpatrick Kennedy Among the surprises awaiting the student of Hospitaller heraldry is the discovery that certain dignitaries of the order were entitled to use maces and standards, that is to say, external insignia of their offices in their heraldic achievements. Three customs relating to the heraldic display of the officers of the order are well-known, if insufficiently studied. They may be delineated as (a) the ‘Grand Master’s Custom’, by which the Grand Master could quarter the arms of the Religion in the first and fourth quarters with his family arms in the second and third;1 (b) the ‘Chief of Religion’, the custom which arose in 1470, by which a chief of the arms of the Religion could be added to the arms of Capitular Baillis and Grand Crosses of the order;2 and (c) the ‘Grand Cross custom’, by which knights placing their arms over an eight pointed cross of Malta when they became Grand Crosses of the order.3 It is not however the intention of this study to examine these three customs.
    [Show full text]