The Double Burden of Malnutrition in the Definition of Terms

Underweight based on weight for-age index; children with weight below the standard for child’s age; captures both the past and present nutritional status Stunting based on height for-age index; children with height below the standard for child’s age; reflects chronic undernutrition or past nutritional status; caused by prolonged inadequate intake, recurrence of illness or improper feeding practices. Wasting/thinness based on weight for-height index; weight below the standard for child’s height; sensitive index of current nutritional status. 2016 Regional dissemination forum Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition among children, less than 5 years old: Philippines, 1989-2015

50 44.5 40.5 38.8 40.0 38.9 40 35.9 33.8 32.9 32.2 33.7 33.4* 30.3 30 27.3 26.6 25.5 23.8 23.6 23.0 21.5* 20.7 20.0 20.6 20.2 20.0 20

7.5 7.8 7.3 8.0 10 6.2 6.2 6.8 6.8 6.1 5.8 6.0 7.1 1.1 2.1 1.7 1.7 2.3 1.1 2.9 3.5 4.3 5.1 0 1.9 3.9*

Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-height *significant (p-value < 0.05) 2016 Regional dissemination forum Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition among Children, 5-10 years old: Philippines, 2003-2015

50

40 36.4 34.0 33.9 33.6 31.1 29.9 30 32.1 30.9 32.4 32.0 31.2 29.1 20

8.5 8.6 8.4 10 7.4 6.5 8.1 9.1 8.6 5.8 6.8 6.6 7.5 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight/obese

2016 Regional dissemination forum Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition among children, 10-19 years old: Philippines, 2003-2015

50

38.7 40 35.3 35.6 35.7 31.6 31.9 30

20 12.7 10.7 11.5 12.4 12.4 12.5 10 8.3 9.2 4.9 6.1 6.1 6.7 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Stunting Wasting Overweight/obese

2016 Regional dissemination forum Trends in the prevalence of malnutrition among Adults, >20 years old: Philippines, 1993-2015

50

40 31.1 31.1 30 26.6 28.4 24.0 20.2 20 16.6 Prevalence % Prevalence 13.9 10 13.2 12.3 11.6 10.0 10.0 10.3 0

CED Overweight/Obese

2016 Regional dissemination forum Trends in the prevalence of high waist circumference and high waist hip ratio among adults, >20 years old by gender: Philippines, 1998-2015

high waist circumference high waist hip ratio 30 80 65.5 25 23.1 62.5 63.2 57.9 19.9 18.5 60 54.8 20 19.0 e % 17.0 39.5 15 40 10.7 10 Prevalenc Prevalence Prevalence % 20 5 12.1 2.7 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.8 3.0 7.9 11.1 6.9 8.0 0 0 7.1

Male Female Male Female 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of underweight among children less than 5 years old by age group: Philippines, 2013 vs 2015

60 2013 2015 50

40

30 22.6 24.4 24.7 20.1 20.8 21.8 22.3 21.2 20 15.2 17.0 12.2

Prevalence % Prevalence 9.2 10

0 0-5m 6-11m 1y 2y 3y 4-4.99y

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of stunting among children less than 5 years old by age group: Philippines, 2013 vs 2015

60 2013 2015 50 38.4 38.6 40 36.2 35.7 35.4 36.8 31.5 32.7 30

20 16.2 17.3 13.1 12.7 Prevalence % Prevalence 10

0 0-5m 6-11m 1y 2y 3y 4-4.99y

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of wasting among children less than 5 years old by age group: Philippines, 2013 vs 2015

60 2013 2015 50

40

30

20 13.4 10.9 11.3 11.6 10.6 Prevalence % Prevalence 9.2 10 6.4 5.7 5.8 5.4 5.6 4.9

0 0-5m 6-11m 1y 2y 3y 4-4.99y

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of overweight-for-height among children less than 5 years old by age group: Philippines, 2013 vs 2015

60 2013 2015 50

40

30

20

Prevalence % Prevalence 9.9 10 6.9 5.0 4.2 4.4 3.1 4.8 3.8 4.2 3.7 4.9 3.6 0 0-5m 6-11m 1y 2y 3y 4-4.99y

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of overweight and obese among adults, >20 years old based on BMI by age group: Philippines, 2013 vs 2015

60 2013 2015 50 39.1 40 38.5 36.5 36.4 34.6 33.7 30.0 30.1 30 20.3 20.8 20.2 20 18.8

Prevalence % Prevalence 10

0 20-29.9y 30-39.9y 40-49.9y 50-59.9y 60-69.9y >=70.0y

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnutrition among children less than 5 years old by place of residence and wealth quintile: Philippines, 2015

% Underweight % Stunting % Wasting % Overweight-for-ht

Philippines 21.5 33.4 7.1 3.9

Place of Urban 18.2 28.3 7.0 4.9 Residence Rural 24.5 38.1 7.2 3.0

Poorest 31.9 49.7 8.1 2.0 Wealth Poor 25.5 Quintile 38.9 7.8 2.2 Middle 21.3 31.7 7.3 3.1 Rich 13.5 22.0 5.9 5.0 Richest 8.6 14.7 5.7 9.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnutrition among children, 5-10 years old by place of residence and wealth quintile : Philippines, 2015

% Underweight % Stunting % Wasting % Overweight

Philippines 31.2 31.1 8.4 8.6

Place of Urban 25.6 24.2 8.5 13.0 Residence Rural 35.6 36.6 8.2 5.1

Poorest 44.6 49.0 8.2 1.8 Wealth Poor 37.6 Quintile 36.0 10.0 4.0 Middle 29.5 27.4 9.2 7.1 Rich 20.8 18.3 7.9 12.6 Richest 11.2 10.7 5.7 25.6 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnutrition among children, 10-19 years old by place of residence and wealth quintile : Philippines, 2015

% Stunting % Wasting % Overweight

Philippines 31.9 12.5 9.2

Urban 27.3 Place of 12.9 12.4 Residence Rural 36.1 12.1 6.3

Poorest 49.4 12.9 2.6 Wealth Poor 37.6 Quintile 13.5 4.6 Middle 29.8 13.4 7.8 Rich 23.0 12.9 12.4 Richest 16.1 9.2 21.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnutrition among adults, >20 years old by place of residence and wealth quintile : Philippines, 2015

% CED % Overweight/ Obese

Philippines 10.3 31.1

Place of Urban 9.5 35.7 Residence Rural 11.0 26.2

Poorest 14.9 16.6 Wealth Poor 12.3 23.5 Quintile Middle 11.5 29.8 Rich 8.4 37.0 Richest 5.8 43.7 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnutrition among adults, >20 years old by place of residence and wealth quintile : Philippines, 2015

high waist hip ratio high waist circumference

Philippines 33.0 10.9

Place of Urban 36.3 13.5 Residence Rural 29.5 8.2

Poorest 23.2 5.1 Wealth Poor 28.6 7.7 Quintile Middle 32.1 9.8 Rich 36.7 13.3 Richest 41.3 16.9 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50

2016 Regional dissemination forum Nutrition Situation in Region XII (SOCCSKSARGEN)

2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnourished among children less than 5 years old: SOCCSKSARGEN, 2011, 2013, 2015

* 60 2011 2013 2015

42.6 ** % 40.0 40 36.2 ** 25.1 24.0 25.8 20

Prevalence 7.1 6.8 6.9** 2.4 3.3 2.8 0 Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-ht Phil Ave. 2015: 21.5% 33.4% 7.1% 3.9% **significantly higher/lower *0-60 months old children than Philippine average 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnourished among children, 5-10 years old: SOCCSKSARGEN, 2011, 2013, 2015

60 2011 2013 2015

% 41.5 38.8 38.8* 40 36.2 35.7* 32.2

20 Prevalence Prevalence 7.5 6.4 6.0 4.3 6.0 6.4 0 Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight for-ht *significantly higher than Phil Ave. 2015: 31.2% 31.1% 8.4% 8.6% Philippine average 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnourished among children, 10-19 years old: SOCCSKSARGEN, 2011, 2013, 2015

60 2011 2013 2015

45.5 41.9 *

% 41.1 40

20 Prevalence 10.2 9.6 9.7* 5.4 5.7 7.4 0 Stunting Wasting Overweight/ Obese *significantly higher/lower than Phil Ave. 2015: 31.9% 12.5% 9.2% Philippine average 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of malnourished among adults, >20 years old based on BMI: SOCCSKSARGEN, 2011, 2013, 2015

60 2011 2013 2015 50

40 % * 30 25.7 27.2 27.5

20

Prevalence 9.6 10.1 11.0 10

0 Chronic Energy Deficiency Overweight/ Obese *significantly higher than Phil Ave. 2015: 10.3% 31.1% Philippine average 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of high waist circumference among adults, >20 years old by sex: SOCCSKSARGEN, 2011, 2013, 2015

60 2011 2013 2015 High WC Levels 50 Male: > 102 cm Female: > 88 cm 40

30 19.3 19.8 20 16.5 Prevalence % Prevalence 10 2.4 2.5 1.7 0 Male Female Phil Ave. 2015: 3.0% 18.5% 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of high waist-hip ratio among adults, >20 years old by sex: SOCCSKSARGEN, 2011, 2013, 2015

100 2011 2013 2015 High WHR Levels 80 Male: > 1.00 Female: > 0.85 62.6 62.5 60 52.9

40

Prevalence % Prevalence 20 6.2 5.8 4.4 0 Male Female Phil Ave. 2015: 7.1% 57.9% 2016 Regional dissemination forum Prevalence of undernutrition among children, less than 5 years old by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2013 vs 2015

Region/ Province Underweight Stunting Wasting

20.0 30.3 8.0 Philippines 21.5 33.4 7.1

24.0 36.2 6.8 SOCCSKSARGEN 25.8 40.0 6.9 22.5 37.5 6.6 North 26.0 38.9 7.3 25.4 30.4 10.3 28.1 52.1 2.4

22.1 35.6 5.3 25.6 37.4 7.6

29.3 38.8 8.0 25.1 41.3 6.9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2013 2015 Prevalence of undernutrition among children, 5-10 years old by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2013 vs 2015 Region/ Province Underweight Stunting Wasting

29.1 29.9 8.6 Philippines 31.2 31.1 8.4 32.2 38.8 6.0 SOCCSKSARGEN 35.7 38.8 7.5 28.5 34.9 5.1 North Cotabato 32.5 35.4 7.8 40.4 39.7 10.0 Sarangani 41.4 50.0 4.8

29.2 38.4 6.0 South Cotabato 34.7 35.4 10.2

39.5 46.1 4.7 Sultan Kudarat 40.4 45.1 4.1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2013 2015 Prevalence of undernutrition among children, 10-19 years old by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2013 vs 2015

Regions/ Province Stunting Wasting

31.6 12.4 Philippines 31.9 12.5

41.9 9.6 SOCCSKSARGEN 41.1 9.7 39.3 7.5 North Cotabato 38.8 9.6

41.0 11.9 Sarangani 48.6 12.9 43.3 8.5 South Cotabato 38.3 9.1

45.2 14.8 Sultan Kudarat 46.8 9.1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2013 2015 Prevalence of overweight and obese among children, 0-19 years old by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2013 vs 2015

Region/ Province Less than 5 yrs. old 5-10 yrs. old 10-19 yrs. old

5.1 9.1 8.3 Philippines 3.9 8.6 9.2 3.3 6.0 5.7 SOCCSKSARGEN 2.8 6.4 7.4 1.6 7.5 5.1 North Cotabato 1.8 7.1 7.2 2.5 2.5 3.1 Sarangani 0.0 2.8 4.3 3.8 6.1 6.8 South Cotabato 4.4 7.4 9.3 5.6 5.6 6.6 Sultan Kudarat 2.6 5.5 5.9

0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 2013 2015 Prevalence of malnutrition among adults, >20 years old by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2013 vs 2015 Chronic Energy Regions/ Province Overweight Obese Deficiency

10.0 24.3 6.8 Philippines 10.3 24.2 6.9

10.1 22.0 5.3 SOCCSKSARGEN 11.0 22.1 5.4

12.3 22.4 5.8 North Cotabato 11.5 20.8 5.0

8.3 23.7 3.9 Sarangani 11.6 16.5 5.7

8.1 23.0 5.6 South Cotabato 9.6 25.6 6.1

12.1 17.5 4.4 Sultan Kudarat 12.3 20.4 4.6

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2013 2015 Prevalence of overweight and obese among adults, >20 years old by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2013 vs 2015

Regions/ Province Overweight/ Obese

31.1 Philippines 2013 31.1 2015 27.2 SOCCSKSARGEN 27.5 28.2 North Cotabato 25.8 27.6 Sarangani 22.2 28.6 South Cotabato 31.6 21.9 Sultan Kudarat 25.0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Prevalence of high waist circumference among adults, >20 years old by sex and by province: Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2015 Regions/ Province Male Female

Philippines 3.0 18.5

SOCCSKSARGEN 1.7 16.5

North Cotabato 1.3 15.6

Sarangani 1.3 12.9

South Cotabato 2.3 18.8

Sultan Kudarat 1.3 14.7

0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 Prevalence of high waist-hip ratio among adults, >20 years old by sex and by province : Philippines and SOCCSKSARGEN, 2015

Regions/ Province Male Female

Philippines 7.1 57.9

SOCCSKSARGEN 4.4 52.9

North Cotabato 3.9 49.4

Sarangani 2.4 48.0

South Cotabato 5.4 55.9

Sultan Kudarat 4.1 55.6

0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80 Summary Children, Less than 5 years old 1 out of 4 25.8% are underweight 4 out of 10 7 out of 100 40.0% are stunted 6.9% are wasted or thin and considered to be a public 3 out of 100 health problem 2.8% overweight for their height 2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary

Children, Less than 5 years old

- Underweight prevalence generally increased except for Sultan Kudarat - Stunting generally increased among all regions - Wasting generally increased except for Sarangani and Sultan Kudarat - Overweight-for-height generally decreased except for North and South Cotabato

2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary School Children, 5-10 years old 1 out of 3 35.7% are underweight 4 out of 10 7 out of 100 38.8% are stunted 7.5% are wasted or thin and considered to be a public 6 out of 100 health problem 6.4% overweight for their height 2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary

School Children, 5-10 years old - Generally, underweight prevalence increased for all provinces - Stunting generally increased except for South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat - Wasting generally increased except for Sarangani and Sultan Kudarat - Overweight/ Obese generally increased except for North Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat

2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary

Pre-adolescent and Older Children, 10-19 years old

4 out of 10 7 out of 100 41.1% are stunted 7.4% are overweight 1 out of 10 and obese 9.7% are wasted or thin

2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary

Pre-adolescent and Older Children, 10-19 years old

- Stunting prevalence generally decreased except in Sarangani and Sultan Kudarat - Wasting generally increased except in Sultan Kudarat - Overweight/ Obese generally increased except in Sultan Kudarat

2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary Adults, 20 years old and over

1 out of 10 3 out of 10 Prevalence of high waist circumference and high 11.0% are chronic 27.5% are overweight and obese waist hip ratio is higher energy deficient among females than males, making them more at risk to non- communicable diseases

2016 Regional dissemination forum Summary

Adults, 20 years old and over

- Chronic Energy Deficiency prevalence generally increased among all provinces except in North Cotabato - Overweight prevalence generally increased among all provinces except in North Cotabato and Sarangani - Obese prevalence generally increased except in North Cotabato which had significantly lower prevalence than Philippines

2016 Regional dissemination forum