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India Guyana Bilateral Relation
India-Guyana Bilateral Relations During the colonial period, Guyana's economy was focused on plantation agriculture, which initially depended on slave labour. Guyana saw major slave rebellions in 1763 and again in 1823.Great Britain passed the Slavery Abolition Act in British Parliament that abolished slavery in most British colonies, freeing more than 800,000 enslaved Africans in the Caribbean and South Africa. British Guiana became a Crown colony in 1928, and in 1953 it was granted home rule. In 1950, Mr. Cheddi Jagan, who was Indian-Guyanese, and Mr. Forbes Burnham, who was Afro-Guyanese, created the colony's first political party, the Progressive People's Party (PPP), which was dedicated to gaining the colony's independence. In the 1953 elections, Mr. Cheddi Jagan was elected chief minister. Mr. Cheddi Jagan of the PPP and Mr. Forbes Burnham of the PNC were to dominate Guyana politics for decades to come. In 1961, Britain granted the colony autonomy, and Mr. Cheddi Jagan became Prime Minister (1961–1964). In 1964, Burnham succeeded Jagan as Prime Minister, a position he retained after the country gained full independence on May 26, 1966. With independence, the country returned to its traditional name, Guyana. Mr. Burnham ruled Guyana until his death in 1985 (from 1980 to 1985, after a change in the constitution, he served as president). Mr. Desmond Hoyte of the PNC became president in 1985, but in 1992 the PPP reemerged, winning a majority in the general election. Mr. Cheddi Jagan became President, and succeeded in reviving the economy. After his death in 1997, his wife, Janet Jagan, was elected President. -
A New World Tragedy $13.95
... - Joumey to Nowhere A NEW WORLD TRAGEDY $13.95 Rarely does a book come along which so transcends its apparent subject that the reader is ultimately given something larger, richer, and more revealing than he might initially have imagined. Already published in Eng land to overwhelming acclaim (see back of jacket), Shiva Naipaul’s Journey to Nowhere is such a book — a “power ful, lucid, and beautifully written book” (The Spectator) that is destined to be one of the most controversial works of 1981. In it, this major writer takes us far beyond the events and surface details surrounding the tragedy of Jones town and the People’s Temple —and gives us his remark able, unique perspective on the deadly drama of ideas, environments, and unholy alliances that shaped those events both in Guyana and, even more significantly, in America. Journey to Nowhere is, on one level, a “brilliantly edgy safari” (New Statesman) inside the Third World itself—a place of increasing importance in our lives—and on another, a book about America, about the corrupt and corrupting ideologies and chi-chi politics of the past twenty years that enabled the Reverend Jim Jones and the Temple to flourish and grow powerful in California and Guyana. Drawing on interviews —with former members of the Temple, various officials, and such people as Buckmin ster Fuller, Huey Newton, Clark Kerr, and others —on documents, and most importantly, on his own strong, clear reactions to what he observed, Naipaul examines the Guyana of Forbes Bumham, the CIA stooge turned Third World socialist leader, whose stated ideals of socialism, racial brotherhood, and cooperative agricul tural enterprise coincided so neatly, we learn for the first time, with those of the People’s Temple — ideals that led all too easily to violence and death. -
1413976* A/Hrc/Emrip/2014/4
United Nations A/HRC/EMRIP/2014/4 General Assembly Distr.: General 28 April 2014 Original: English Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Seventh session 7-11 July 2014 Item 7 of the provisional agenda United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Final summary of responses to the questionnaire seeking the views of States and indigenous peoples on best practices regarding possible appropriate measures and implementation strategies to attain the goals of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Report of the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Summary The present report contains a summary of responses from States and indigenous peoples to the questionnaires seeking their views on best practices regarding possible appropriate measures and implementation strategies to attain the goals of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, as requested by the Human Rights Council in its resolution 24/10. GE.14-13976 *1413976* A/HRC/EMRIP/2014/4 Contents Paragraphs Page I. Introduction............................................................................................................. 1–6 3 II. State responses........................................................................................................ 7-106 4 A. National implementation strategies ................................................................ 8-15 4 B. Legal, policy or other measures adopted especially to implement the rights in the Declaration ................................................................................ -
Judgment of 18 December 2020
18 DECEMBER 2020 JUDGMENT ARBITRAL AWARD OF 3 OCTOBER 1899 (GUYANA v. VENEZUELA) ___________ SENTENCE ARBITRALE DU 3 OCTOBRE 1899 (GUYANA c. VENEZUELA) 18 DÉCEMBRE 2020 ARRÊT TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraphs CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROCEDURE 1-22 I. INTRODUCTION 23-28 II. HISTORICAL AND FACTUAL BACKGROUND 29-60 A. The Washington Treaty and the 1899 Award 31-34 B. Venezuela’s repudiation of the 1899 Award and the search for a settlement of the dispute 35-39 C. The signing of the 1966 Geneva Agreement 40-44 D. The implementation of the Geneva Agreement 45-60 1. The Mixed Commission (1966-1970) 45-47 2. The 1970 Protocol of Port of Spain and the moratorium put in place 48-53 3. From the good offices process (1990-2014 and 2017) to the seisin of the Court 54-60 III. INTERPRETATION OF THE GENEVA AGREEMENT 61-101 A. The “controversy” under the Geneva Agreement 64-66 B. Whether the Parties gave their consent to the judicial settlement of the controversy under Article IV, paragraph 2, of the Geneva Agreement 67-88 1. Whether the decision of the Secretary-General has a binding character 68-78 2. Whether the Parties consented to the choice by the Secretary-General of judicial settlement 79-88 C. Whether the consent given by the Parties to the judicial settlement of their controversy under Article IV, paragraph 2, of the Geneva Agreement is subject to any conditions 89-100 IV. JURISDICTION OF THE COURT 102-115 A. The conformity of the decision of the Secretary-General of 30 January 2018 with Article IV, paragraph 2, of the Geneva Agreement 103-109 B. -
Constitutional Reform in the English-Speaking Caribbean: Challenges and Prospects
Constitutional Reform in the English-Speaking Caribbean: Challenges and Prospects A report prepared for the Conflict Prevention and Peace Forum January 2011 The Constitutional Design Group Principals Zachary Elkins | [email protected] Tom Ginsburg | [email protected] Lead Research Associate Justin Blount | [email protected] The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect those of CPPF or the Social Science Research Council. Constitutional Reform in the ESC p. 2 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 3 Historical Perspectives on Constitutional Reform in the ESC ................................................. 4 Decolonization and the Independece Constitutions ............................................................... 4 The Rise and Fall of the West Indies Federation ................................................................... 5 Characteristics of ESC Constitutions ......................................................................................... 6 Some General Notes on the Nature of ESC Constitutional Texts ......................................... 7 Executives, Legislatures, and the Judiciary ........................................................................... 8 Fidelity to the Westminster Parliamentary System ........................................................... 8 The Judiciary ..................................................................................................................... -
Memorandum of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on The
Memorandum of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on the Application filed before the International Court of Justice by the Cooperative of Guyana on March 29th, 2018 ANNEX Table of Contents I. Venezuela’s territorial claim and process of decolonization of the British Guyana, 1961-1965 ................................................................... 3 II. London Conference, December 9th-10th, 1965………………………15 III. Geneva Conference, February 16th-17th, 1966………………………20 IV. Intervention of Minister Iribarren Borges on the Geneva Agreement at the National Congress, March 17th, 1966……………………………25 V. The recognition of Guyana by Venezuela, May 1966 ........................ 37 VI. Mixed Commission, 1966-1970 .......................................................... 41 VII. The Protocol of Port of Spain, 1970-1982 .......................................... 49 VIII. Reactivation of the Geneva Agreement: election of means of settlement by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1982-198371 IX. The choice of Good Offices, 1983-1989 ............................................. 83 X. The process of Good Offices, 1989-2014 ........................................... 87 XI. Work Plan Proposal: Process of good offices in the border dispute between Guyana and Venezuela, 2013 ............................................. 116 XII. Events leading to the communiqué of the UN Secretary-General of January 30th, 2018 (2014-2018) ....................................................... 118 2 I. Venezuela’s territorial claim and Process of decolonization -
Guyana Constitution No Confidence Motion
Guyana Constitution No Confidence Motion sighWestleigh very see. fabricates Solved traitorously. Ismail rope, Self-neglecting his inadequacies Reginald mythicized outcropped reacclimatize her gangrel conceitedly. so episodically that Haven Guyanese and the international community that the Dec. Constitution of confidence motion is very clear it would allow you that guyana constitution no confidence motion of the society. One voice and my children on shall have also post comments, say that stormed the next dissolution and shall be an obscure constitutional procedure for? Impeachment managers used the final day of their opening arguments to hammer home the case against Trump. Partly cloudy in those evening. GUYANA court rules no confidence motion valid News74. Marine Corps Times asked for the same motion of was call to file a Freedom of. Save as otherwise benefit by this Constitution, shall add the gesture to be passed. This, Justice Adrian Justice Saunders, Dr. Parliament upon their conscience even meet that were comprised in force of your questions and to constitute offices. Lucia and the St. GECOM and american will then well a proclamation. It is bottom line for guyana, determine whether he voted would not. In a statement today the CCJ says according to Guyana's Constitution the Cabinet should recover if defeated by net no confidence vote The CCJ. Assembly that constitutional and manage access to constitute a constitution and implementation of confidence in an officer, given that he could cause him of argument. PPP leaders believe rightly or wrongly that the United States has been willing to overlook corruption and undemocratic practices in the Granger government, the comment illustrates the unusual amount of public anger the Ohu case is garnering. -
TOPIC: Our Nation SUB-TOPIC: Definition of Cooperatives History Of
CONTENT FOR GRADE 6 SOCIAL STUDIES TERM TWO TOPIC: Our Nation SUB-TOPIC: Definition of Cooperatives History of Cooperatives Co-operatives takes place when two or more persons work together towards a common goal. History of Cooperatives .The Amerindians were the first set of people that came to Guyana and they practice cooperatives when harvesting and building homes. The Africans who were freed slaves pooled their resources and bought a number of plantations which they began to operate and manage. .History has recorded how they took the money they had managed to save in wheelbarrows to pay their purchases. These plantations bought by ex-slaves in the 1830s and 1840s were the first cooperatives in Guyana. .The other ethnic groups also practice cooperatives in Guyana .They develop the villages that they live in. .Amerindians practiced cooperation in their villages and still do today. Ethnic Group How they cooperated Picture Co-operation The Purchase of Victoria Victoria Village among the When the slaves became Africans. free, they no longer wished to stay and work for their ex- masters on the plantation. After emancipation, they worked for a short time on the plantations and pooled their wages. They used this money to purchase abandoned cotton plantations. Plantation Northbrook which they later renamed Victoria, was the first village they purchased. It is said that on the day they purchased Victoria, they took the money to the Plantation owners in a wheel-barrow. Victoria is located on the East Coast of Demerara- 20 kilometres from Georgetown. Victoria was purchased by the slaves in 1839. -
Hugh Desmond Hoyte, S.C. National Assembly Speeches Volume 4 Compiled by Maurice B
HUGH DESMOND HOYTE, S.C. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY SPEECHES VOLUME 4 8th January 1993 - 6th December 2001 i Hugh Desmond Hoyte, S.C. National Assembly Speeches Volume 4 Compiled by Maurice B. Henry for the National Assembly, Parliament of Guyana, 2012. This edition © The Caribbean Press, 2015 © The National Assembly of Guyana Cover design by Peepal Tree Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without permission. ISBN 978-1-907493-88-1 ii PREFACE On the death of Mr. Linden Forbes Sampson Burnham, President, on 6th August, 1985, Mr. Hugh Desmond Hoyte, Prime Minister, acceded to the Office of President. Following the 9th December, 1985 General Elections he was declared President. As his Biographical Summary shows, he held several Ministerial Offices including Vice-President and Prime Minister prior to these dates. Following the General Election held on 5th October, 1992 Dr. Cheddi Jagan was declared President on the 9th October. Mr. Hoyte became Minority Leader and he held this office until his death on 22nd December, 2002. This collection of his Parliamentary Speeches over the years 1969 to 2001 is the first step taken in keeping with the Fourth Resolved Clause of Resolution No. 67 dated 7th August, 2008 of the National Assembly, which states – “Be It Further Resolved: That this National Assembly calls on the Government to designate a State Institution to be responsible for Historical Research and Documentation to chronicle and archive all of the works of each of the Presidents of Guyana -
Acknowledgements
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Guyana Association of Women Lawyers (GAWL), in collaboration with the National Commission on Women has prepared the text of this booklet on The Revised Constitution of Guyana 2001. This booklet was edited by Mr. B.T.I Pollard. SC. The Commission gratefully acknowledges his contribution. 1 FOREWORD On attaining independence in 1966, Guyana adopted a Constitution, which was amended in 1970 when Guyana became a Republic. The new CONSTITUTION OF GUYANA came into being in 1980. It was more detailed in its provisions and stated principles and ideals that, included a bias towards socialism. In the main, the powers of the President were substantially extended to executive status. As the years progressed since 1980, uncertainties in some of the provisions came to light. Therefore, in 1995, the constitutional reform process began with hearings being held all over Guyana, and submissions from persons and organisations being received by the Constitutional Reform Commission and later by a Parliamentary Select Committee. This process was, however, aborted due to impending elections in 1997. 2 After the December 1997 general and regional elections, disturbances erupted from dissatisfaction with the processes employed in the conduct of these elections. Consequently, CARICOM brokered the Hermanston Accord, which was signed on January 17, 1998, by the leaders of the PPP/C and the PNC. One of the main issues agreed to in this Accord, was that the Constitution be reviewed. The Constitution Reform Commission (CRC) was then established. It comprised twenty (20) persons, women, the political parties in Parliament, the main religious organizations, indigenous peoples, farmers, lawyers and youth. -
Report of the Commission of Inquiry Appointed to Inquire And
REPORT OF THE COMMISSION OF INQUIRY APPOINTED TO ENQUIRE AND REPORT ON THE CIRCUMSTANCES SURROUNDING THE DEATH IN AN EXPLOSION OF THE LATE DR. WALTER RODNEY ON THIRTEENTH DAY OF JUNE, ONE THOUSAND NINE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY AT GEORETOWN VOLUME 1: REPORT AND APPENDICES FEBRUARY 2016 Transmittal Letter Chapter 6 Contents Chapter 7 Table of Contents Chapter 8 Chapter 1 Chapter 9 Chapter 2 Tendered Exhibits Chapter 3 Procedural Rules Chapter 4 Correspondence Chapter 5 Editorial Note 1 2 Transmittal of Report of the Commission of Inquiry to enquire into and report on the circumstances surrounding the death in an explosion of the late Dr. Walter Rodney on the thirteenth day of June one thousand nine hundred and eighty at Georgetown To His Excellency David A. Granger President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana Your Excellency, In my capacity as Chairman of the Walter Rodney Commission of Inquiry, I have the honour to submit the Report of the Inquiry to which the President appointed us by Instrument dated 8th February, 2014. The Commissioners were, in the Instrument of Appointment, expected to submit their Report within ten (10) weeks from the start of the Commission. The Commission started its work on 28th April, 2014. As we understand it, the premise informing the early submission date was that the Commission coming thirty-four (34) years after the death of Dr. Walter Rodney and the events surrounding that event, would, in all probability, be supported by only a few persons volunteering to give evidence and/or having an interest in this matter. -
GIHR News – 2017 Emancipation Edition
Founded as an online publication in 2016 in Guyana, GIHR News is a multimedia company with a global reach. PNC AT SIXTY Inside 1. Women, gender and the PNC at Sixty 1 2. Quotes of the President of Guyana 16 3. GIHR Tenth Conference 17 4. ACDA and Emancipation 34 5. 2017/18 Online /Home study courses 35 6. Welcome Assistant Professor Dr. Gillian Richards- Greaves 39 7. Acknowledgements 40 1 8. Advertisements Editorial Committee Deon AbramsTota Mangar Nigel Westmaas Timothy Crichlow Fitz Gladstone Alert David Hinds Hazel Woolford Videographer/Photographers Lawrence Gaskin Walter George Guest photographer Gillian Richards-Greaves Save the children. Enroll them in the Queens Daycare /Child development centre, at the Queenstown Church of the Nazarene, Laluni & Irving streets, Georgetown. Telephone #227-5093. Ask for Elvira Moses. 2 3 Women, Gender and the PNC at Sixty (1957-2017) By Hazel Maria Woolford 4 Names of Communities in Region 4 1. Roxanne Burnham gardens. 2. Melanie Damishana 3. Shirley Field-Ridley square Winifred Gaskin There is a secondary school, in region 6, which was named after Winifred Gaskin. The name of the Documentation Center of the former Ministry of Information was Winifred Gaskin Memorial Library. There is also a billboard, on the Buxton Public road, in her honour 5 6 The status and role of women and, gender in general elections, will be examined in this article. The PNC participated in the following elections: 12 August, 1957, 21 August, 1961, 7 December, 1964, 16 December, 1968, 16 July, 1973, 15 December, 1980, 9 December, 1985, 5 October, 1992, 15 December, 1997, 19 March, 2001, 28 August, 2006 28 November 2011, 11 May 2015 and in the selection process for the Presidential and Prime Ministerial candidates for the Presidential and Prime Ministerial candidates for General elections.