Regional Geos AOGEO - from Observations to Knowledge Development, Integration, and Contribution to Three Engagement Priorities 18 June 2020

Focus on Impact: Regional GEOs AOGEO - from observations to knowledge development, integration, and contribution to three engagement priorities 18 June 2020

Session X: Session Title Slide 0 BIO Presenter

Hiroyuki is a member of Asia Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (APBON) since its establishment in 2009 and involved in Asia Oceania GEO (AOGEO) in 2016. He is also a member of GEO Programme Board since 2016 to date.

Hiroyuki is a terrestrial plant and ecosystem ecologist mainly focusing on tree photosynthesis and phenology under climate change. Based on the scientific background on plant’s and ecosystem’s responses to changing environment his activity has been linked with Long-Term Ecological Research network in Japan (JaLTER), East Asia and Pacific region, and global (ILTER); national and regional Hiroyuki Muraoka biodiversity observation network (JBON, APBON); and Professor, Gifu University, Japan carbon cycle observation community (JapanFlux, AsiaFlux). Technical Advisor, MEXT Japan

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 1 Global environmental change

Convening power of GEO Cooperation of Reginal GEOs and Regional environmental change Work Programme activities

Regional GEO Communication Coordination Local needs to tackling Cooperation environmental issues “Regional activities enable the community to tackle water, biodiversity, food, disaster, the challenges across the thematic areas. Regional carbon, health, energy, … commonalities and differences. Regional contexts.” (by AOGEOSS co-chair in GEO PB subgroup teleconference in May 2018) Session: Regional GEOs Slide 2 Asia Oceania region • Complex geographic characteristics • Large population (60% of the world) • Drastic climate change • Natural disasters occur frequently • Unbalanced socioeconomic development • Deteriorating ecosystems

Asia Oceania GEO • A regional cooperation program on Earth observation with broad involvement • Strengthen comprehensive ability of Earth observations and applications for sustainable development at regional level.

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 3 Asia Oceania GEO : Plans for 2020-2022 AOGEO will engage regional stakeholders, including national agencies and regional intergovernmental organizations, in global GEO activities and coordinate implementation of GEO activities within the AO region. AOGEO will also: 1. identify regional needs for EO applications and conveying these to global GEO activities; 2. facilitate regionally coordinated EO activities and utilize available infrastructure, resources and capacity to develop integrated and sustained observations in the AO region; 3. provide a platform for regional countries to advance data sharing and services; 4. promote dialogue, communications and cooperation among the AOGEO Members and other participants, as well as with other Regional GEOs; and 5. support sound decision-making at local, national and regional scales by making maximum use of EO data and information.

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 4 12th AOGEO Symposium (2-4 November 2019, Canberra, Australia) Scaling up successful Earth Observation activities for all of Asia-Oceania – Share the results and design the future steps for global agendas –

Venue: University House, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia Keynote Speech: Dr. Stuart Minchin, Australia GEO Principal, Geoscience Australia Attendee: About 200 participants from 35 counties Australia, Cambodia, China, Costa Rica, Finland, Georgia, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, UK, U.S.A., Vietnam, …

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 5 AOGEO’s strong AOGEO Task Groups (Applications) GWP activities linkages with Asian Water Cycle Initiative GEO Flagships Asia Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network

and Initiatives Carbon and GHG Initiative (GEO-C)

Ocean, Coasts and Islands (OCI)

Asia Rice Crop Estimation & Monitoring

Drought Monitoring and Evaluation GEO-LDN

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

http://www.earthobservations.org/ Disaster Resilience GEO-DARMA geoss_wp.php

Session: Regional GEOs Himalayan GEOSS Slide 6 TG1: GEOSS ASIAN WATER CYCLE INITIATIVE (AWCI) AWCI launched full-scale efforts to activate Platforms on Water Resilience and Disasters by promoting dialogues, reinforcing partnership, sharing data, information, models, tools, experiences and ideas, and expanding sustainable practices. AWCI has developed user-friendly analysis tools, engaged all stakeholders in climate change adaptation planning and implementation at the national scale, and filled the gap between adaptation and mitigation by choosing options which are beneficial to mitigation. AWCI archived disaster damage data and maintains statistics for encouraging investment for water-related disaster risk reduction. For risk managers of water-related disasters, it is important to understand the impact of drought and flood on agriculture using EO data in the activities of AsiaRiCE and Drought Monitoring.

AWCI promotes concerted actions among stakeholders on resilience, sustainability, inclusive growth, and adaptation to climate change through coordination Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) Session towards achievement of the three global agendas. Session: Regional GEOs GEOSS Asia-Pacific Symposium, Canberra Australia (Nov. 2019) Slide 7 TG6: Drought Monitoring and Evaluation

Work Plan for 2020-2022 with a two-fold goal: Web-GDMAP Mongolia: A pilot study on web-based system on drought • to provide timely and free access to data products, information and monitoring and evaluation for Mongolia case will be launched, supported services for effective drought monitoring, evaluation, and management; by the MOST of China, which will implement Act 1, 2, 3, 4. • to support a better understanding of the factors determining vulnerability to drought.

Activities are undertaken in the TG6 member countries:

Web-GDMAP Web-GDMAP Mongolia

Session X: Session Title Slide 8 Understanding on the impact of drought and flood on agriculture by using EO data  Important for risk managers of water-related disasters

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 9 TG2: Asia Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (APBON) 12th AOGEO Symposium APBON session Attendance: • 23 attendee from 12 countries (Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, Philippines, Thailand, U.S.A.) • GEO BON (Germany) • Joint session with TG3 (10 attendee) Meeting objectives: 1. Engagement of biodiversity observation communities in the region Networking in-situ obs. networks particularly in the Pacific and Oceanic regions, Himalayan region 2. Identifying policy-relevant biodiversity observations and assessments, and 3. Seeking collaborative opportunities with carbon cycle community and satellite observation mission(s) APBON New Workplan toward 2030 1.Biodiversity research and monitoring • Monitoring states and changes of biodiversity • Filling gaps in data availability • Increasing access to data Contributions to society and policy • Improving knowledge on cutting-edge technologies 2.Networking of networks • Networking of in-situ biodiversity/ecosystem monitoring networks • Science-policy and science-society networks 3.Capacity building • Training workshops (students, scientists, users) Session: Regional GEOs Slide 10 TG3: Carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) Initiative Requirement Activities Paris Agreement (UNFCCC) in 2015 New Measurement, Analysis System Article 4: GOSAT-2 (2018 -) … to undertake rapid reductions thereafter (peak emissions) in accordance with best available science, so as to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions Aircraft Obs

by sources and removals by sinks of Satellite GHG Monitoring System greenhouse gases in the second half of this CarbonWatch-NZ century… Global stocktake (every 5yrs from 2023) Synthesis Track regions towards zero net emissions of Contributing to anthropogenic and natural fluxes International Project

Tracking GHG budget with best science. Session: Regional GEOs Slide 11 Needs to fill gaps in observations and mechanistic understandings on the status and changes in, Biodiversity/ecosystem – Carbon balance – Climate change consequences

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 12 AOGEO’s holistic and interconnected ’regional application’

Water Biodiversity Ecosystems Carbon, GHG Ocean Interconnected Food production systems Islands Disaster Mountains Society --- Concept discussed in GEOSS-AP Symposia Session: Regional GEOs Slide 13 AOGEO “Integrated Priority Studies (IPS)” The purposes are, 1) to promote cross-cutting activities/researches among existing tasks in AOGEO, 2) to encourage experts in the region to join the AOGEO effort through the project, and 3) to demonstrate the values of Earth Observation data in the AO region, by using voluntary contributions of datasets from satellites, machine learning, and reanalysis. Pilot area: 1. Mekong River Basin 2. Pacific Islands The IPS datasets are uploaded on the Open Data Cube 3. Himalayan Mountains on the Geoscience Australia, and can be used by approved by the Coordination Board Co-Chairs.

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 14 Mapping analysis of AOGEO Task Groups (12th AOGEO Symposium) AOGEO’s contributions to https://www.earthobservations.org/geoweek19.php?t=aogeo Engagement Priorities of GEO

Session X: Session Title Session: Regional GEOs Slide 15 2019 AOGEO Statement Canberra, Australia November 4th, 2019 Overview of the activities in 2019 Over 325 people from 35 countries in two flagship forums and 4 training courses across the region. • 12th AOGEO Symposium (2-4 November, Canberra, Australia) • 2nd AOGEO Workshop (10-11 April, Jakarta, Indonesia) • Four AOGEO capacity building activities (Nepal, Laos, Sri Lanka, Indonesia) Continued to grow GEO focusing on the connection with end users by recruiting two new countries into AOGEO (Indonesia and New Zealand), establishing a new Disaster Resilience task and launching three IPS led by end users in pilots for Samoa, the Mekong River delta and the Kangchenjunga Landscape.

Contributions to 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Contributions to Paris climate agreement within the UNFCCC Contributions to Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction Scaling up through our Integrated Priority Studies Cross cutting topics: Data sharing and platform Connecting with users and capacity building

https://www.earthobservations.org/geoweek19.php?t=aogeo Session: Regional GEOs Slide 16 Thank you For more information https://aogeo.net/en/

Speaker AOGEO Coordination Board Co-Chairs Hiroyuki MURAOKA Xingfa Gu (RADI-CAS, China) Professor, Gifu University, Japan David Hudson (Geoscience Australia, Australia) Technical Advisor, MEXT Japan AOGEO Coordination Board Kentaro Ando (JAMSTEC, Japan) GEO Programme Board Yongseung Kim (KARI, Korea)

#EO4Impact Collaborate and communicate with GEO:

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 17 Background information

History of engagement and community development Capacity building/development activities AOGEO Task Groups details (TGs 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) Commitment to open data and open platforms (TGs 10, 11) AOGEO Integrated Priority Studies (Mekong River Basin, Pacific islands, Himalaya Mountains)

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 18 AOGEO’s History of engagement, data sharing and community development GEOSS Asia Pacific Symposium (2007~) AOGEO Symposium (2019~) 1st GEOSS-AP Symposium (Jan 2007, Tokyo) 2nd GEOSS-AP Symposium (Apr 2008, Tokyo) 3rd GEOSS-AP Symposium (Feb 2009, Kyoto) 4th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Mar 2010, Bali) 5th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Apr 2012, Tokyo) 6th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Feb 2013, Ahmedabad) 7th GEOSS-AP Symposium (May 2014, Tokyo) 8th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Sep 2015, Beijing) 9th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Jan 2017, Tokyo) 10th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Sep 2017, Hanoi) 11th GEOSS-AP Symposium (Oct 2018, Kyoto) 12th AOGEO Symposium (Nov 2019, Canberra) AOGEO Workshop 1st AOGEOSS Workshop (May 2018, Deqing) 2nd AOGEOSS Workshop (Apr 2019, Jakarta) AOGEO Milestone 2007: The 1st symposium 2016: AOGEOSS was included in GEO Work Programme 2019: AOGEOSS was rebranded as AOGEO

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 19 AOGEO’s strong commitment to capacity building and development

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 20 TG4: Ocean data network and ocean stakeholder network in the Asia-Oceania region Development of advanced AOGEO Ocean data network User engagement from the Pacific Island States Role of AOGEO: A University B Institute C Center  OCI is the home for all island related activities undertaken in AOGESS Database Database Database  Access to high resolution data  Algorithm development and validation: In water properties; Habitat mapping; Atmospheric Correction; Vicarious calibration Metadata Metadata XMLMetadata XML Outputs from the workshop: system system system  Strong thematic interest including land, Metadata oceans, Climate and SDGs: Fisheries, Users Exchanges Users Users law enforcement, sea level, disasters, food security, water  Opportunity to promote EO uptake in a region which is generally Left: Demonstration of the new underrepresented in a lot of CEOS and Network by JAMSTEC and CSIRO GEO activities  Challenges: Knowledge of EO data, We will further develop this capabilities, limitations, Fostering cross-regional coordination, Capacity demonstration system into other Building, Satellite coverage, e.g. Session: Regional GEOs Asia-Oceania member states Copernicus Slide 21 http://www.asia-rice.org TG5: AsiaRiCE / GEOGLAM Asia Rice Crop Estimation & Monitoring Rice monitoring for food security in Asia and Oceania, and R4D network on rice monitoring in Asia, especially IPS Mekong region. Vietnam Data Cube under VNSC/VAST’s CEOS chair initiative • The role of Asia-RiCE as “a network of networks” was emphasized • Future joint session (TG5/crop-TG3/forestry-TG1/water) was proposed for land use • Promote outreach and data, information and knowledge sharing in AO region

Rice maps of Mekong region by VNSC, CESBiO (Sentinel-1) and JAXA (ALOS-2) under the CEOS initiative

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 22 TG7: Environmental Monitoring and Protection (EMP) As environment deteriorations are significant TG7 has been involved in the global activities of WP 2020-2022, such as GEOARC , challenge issues in AO region, EMP is to monitor GEOMUSYQ and GEOGLAM. the environmental quality of the terrestrial ecosystem , atmosphere and inland water body in AO region, and to provide the policy-making support information for environment protection at local, regional or global scales.

The in situ data Validation Network (CVN).

Changes in Antarctic Ice Sheet Changes of global crop production Session: Regional GEOs Slide 23 TG8: Disaster Resilience 1. Outlined the TG8 work programme tasks for 2020-2022. The key activities within AOGEO, GEO and related work organizations are under identified for learning from and coordinating with. 2. Network building with UN-SPIDER, APSCO, UNESCAP in facilitating Earth Observation Data for Reporting Targets of Sendai Framework regional and national efforts. 3. Facilitating Satellite-based EO for Emergency Mapping Services.

In August 2019, affected by typhoons "Weipa" and “Podul", the southern region of Laos suffered severe flooding. This map illustrates satellite-detected surface water in southern provinces of Laos as observed from GF-3 imagery acquired on 23 September 2019. The flooded area at the junction of Phine and Nong districts in Savannakhet Province in southern Laos was about 15 square kilometers, of which the affected farmland area was about 11 square kilometers. The flood in the Champhone district have basically receded.

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 24 TG 9: Himalayan GEOSS

focus on Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region to address the gaps in EO applications; promote access to and sharing of data, standards and methodologies; and foster regional cooperation and build capacities of individuals and institutions in the region

• South Asia Drought Outlook System being deployed on AWS grants received through GEO under the Amazon Sustainability Data Initiative. • Contributing to GEO working groups on Data, Capacity Building, DRR and Climate Change • Integrated Pilot Study: Assessment of land use land cover change and above ground biomass in Eastern Himalaya (to be followed up) • Training plan being reviewed in context of COVID-19

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 25 AOGEO’s strong commitment to open data and open platforms Task Groups 10 (Data sharing) and 11 (Data Hubs and Cubes) Data Policy GEOSS Data Sharing Principles

AOGEO Data Management Priority Analysis Ready Data (ARD) Standardized License to enact the GEO data such as Creative Commons

Continued progress in enhancing and sharing data platforms Data Integration and Analysis System (DIAS, Japan), Tellus (Japan) MuSyQ (China), China GEOSS Data Sharing Network (China) Open Data Cube (ODC, Australia)

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 26 Physiography: Mekong River Basin • 10th largest river • Length: 4,400 km • Area: 795,000 km2 Climate: • Monsoon Climate • From the glaciated Tibetan Plateau to the hot and humid tropics • Annual maximum 3,000 mm (Lao) • Average discharge rate 15,060 tons/s Hydrology: • Wet season (with floods) from June to November (80 to 90% of total annual flow). • Important to productions in the Lower Mekong regions (e.g. Tonle Sap Lake, Mekong Delta) Rich Natural Land Resources Projections of biodiversity changes in several • Forests, agricultures, wetlands that provide Accretion and erosion in Mekong scenarios with global warming, planned dams, building materials, transportation, river fish Delta (Anthony et al, 2015) and no-dam (Kano, 2016) foods and, habitats of diversity Human impacts to forests Rich Natural Ocean Resources in Delta Reserving capability of water in forest is believed • Mangrove forests, wetland or/and brackish to be a natural dam. Waters in forest is filtered water that provide seafoods (aquaculture and and becomes well clean water. surface fishing) and habitats of rich diversity.

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 27 Pacific Islands Material provided by Andy Steven Climate, Environmental and Social Threats An EO Platform for the Pacific

Crown of Thorns Starfish Principles Declining water quality Bleaching • Access: should provide open access to satellite imagery and data, • Equity: provide a level playing field that enables spatial literacy as well as access to for all, and supports relevant national, Pacific region and global policy contexts and priorities. • Trusted: To ensure the accuracy of data and products validation with in-situ data required. • Actionable: Products should provide information in formats that inform evidence-based decision-making. • Costs: Cost savings not only on image acquisition but, reduced costs through sharing. • Inclusiveness: To ensure the long-term sustainability and use, Pacific Island technical. Coastal developments Sea Surface Temperature

Climate change

Fishing

Cyclones

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 28 Himalaya Mountains

https://www.icimod.org/initiative/about-klcdi/

Session: Regional GEOs Slide 29