MONTANA’S SHARED HERITAGE Second Biennial Report on the Status, Condition, and Stewardship of ’s State-owned Heritage Properties

Submitted to the Governor of Montana and the Montana State Legislature (Education and Local Government Interim Committee)

In compliance with MCA 22-3-423 (13) Montana State Antiquities Act

AUGUST 2014

Report prepared & submitted by the Montana Historic Preservation Review Board and the State Historic Preservation Office of the Montana Historical Society SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT ON THE STATUS, CONDITION, AND STEWARDSHIP OF MONTANA’S STATE-OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This second biennial report to the Montana State Legislature fulfills the intent of the revisions to MCA 22-3-422, 22-3-423, and 22-3-424. This report is based upon information submitted by twelve state agencies that manage heritage properties on state-owned land and provides insights to their administration, interpretation, and operation. In assessing the strategies employed by the agencies, the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and the Montana Historic Preservation Montana Hall; MSU Bozeman, Gallatin County Review Board (Board) have articulated ten critical findings about the current state of properties. Those agencies with experienced heritage property stewardship and generated cultural resource personnel demonstrate five primary recommendations for continued exemplary proactive management of their state improvement. heritage properties. The state should expect professional management – through staff or DEFINITION OF STATE contracted services - of their heritage properties HERITAGE PROPERTY in all of the state agencies. “Heritage properties” are defined as those districts, sites, buildings, structures, or INTRODUCTION objects located upon or beneath the earth The 2011 Act (SB3) by the 62nd Legislature or under water that are significant in amending the State Antiquities Act and American history, architecture, requiring this reporting explains its overarching archaeology, or culture (MCA 22-3-421). purpose with the following four premises:

In this reporting cycle, all twelve state WHEREAS, hundreds of heritage properties agencies submitted reports, providing for a have been entrusted to the state of Montana, more comprehensive understanding of the and the state’s agencies are responsible for state’s heritage properties and their maintaining those properties on behalf of the management. The 366 reported properties state’s citizens; and include 1,056 individual components. Of these, state agencies reported fourteen as WHEREAS, these properties are in danger of endangered. Increased and improved disappearing or falling into a state of disrepair consultation between state agencies and the from which they may never recover; and SHPO is necessary to address these and other

Photographs used in this publication were provided Cover image: Madison Buffalo Jump, Gallatin County by SHPO. Booklet designed by CTA Design. 1 MONTANA’S STATE-OWNED ENDANGERED HERITAGE PROPERTIES • Galen State Hospital – Agricultural Buildings (Deer Lodge County) Susan Marr House; Virginia City, Madison County • Receiving Hospital, Montana State Hospital (Deer Lodge County) WHEREAS, preserving and maintaining • Follmer Place (Fergus County) heritage properties is important not only for • Gallatin City II Hotel (Gallatin fostering a sense of identity and community, County) but also for the economic benefits to be realized through reusing buildings, attracting • Swan River State Forest Station tourism, and revitalizing downtown areas; (Lake County) and • Matt Little Barn (Powell County) • 1876 Powder River Depot - WHEREAS, regular assessment by state Archaeological (Prairie County) agencies on the condition of the heritage • UM-Montana Tech –Engineering Hall properties under the agencies’ care will help (Silver Bow County) ensure the state’s ongoing stewardship of • UM-Montana Tech – Museum these valuable resources. Building, former Library (Silver Bow County) This report covers the second biennial reporting • MSU Billings – Academic Support cycle (2012-2013) as mandated by the 2011 Center (Yellowstone County) amendments. Specifically, the revised sections Plus 4 buildings in the Virginia City require state agencies and the Montana Historic District: University System to biennially report to the • Brewery Dugout Cabin Historic Preservation Review Board on the • Dry Bean Shed status and maintenance needs of the agencies’ • Minerva Coggswell Cabin heritage properties. The findings from this • Susan Marr House reporting are conveyed by the Board and the State Historic Preservation Office to the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Legislature, along with recommendations The State Historic Preservation Office and regarding management of the properties. Preservation Review Board are grateful for the efforts of the agencies that reported in this Since the last report, interaction among second cycle of documentation and analysis, agencies has resulted in a more complete and the Montana State Legislature for the reporting of state-owned heritage properties, enabling legislation. No funding was associated an increased state agency awareness of the with this legislation, yet all parties recognized importance of their appropriate stewardship, and improvements in the required processes the current and future value of this reporting. associated with their preservation.

2 Swan River State Forest Station; Past & Present, Lake County FINDINGS 6. The agencies that manage vacant or unused heritage properties need The 2014 agency reports yielded several assistance in finding appropriate users, so patterns of agency practices, as follows: that these buildings can be of use to other entities and are not left to 1. Several of the agencies have not deteriorate. established SHPO consultation protocol. 7. While several of the state agencies do not 2. When agencies are working on heritage have heritage preservation as their properties, they often do not have a mission, law mandates that it be a current Historic Property Record Form for consideration in their actions. Agencies each property or established a finding of have a legal responsibility to be stewards significance in consultation with SHPO. of the properties entrusted to them 3. Agencies often neglect to consider by the state and its citizens. properties from the recent past in their 8. Montana has a beneficial partnership in reporting. the Montana Site Stewardship Program, 4. National Register listed historic districts – within which members of the public such as those at UM and MSU, Virginia help monitor public lands. City, and Bannack - promote interest, 9. Some of Montana’s agencies have cultural pride, and support of Montana’s heritage. resource personnel that play a strong Our history becomes clearer with these stewardship role for the state. demonstrations of the government’s faith 10. Agency reporting and heritage in our institutions, and the knowledge treatments have improved since 2012; gained from the research associated with some agencies displayed exemplary National Register nominations can be stewardship practices. shared with users and visitors alike. Recognition of our heritage shines a DATA positive light on Montana, our past, and the present. The following observations are a compilation 5. There appears to be no uniform plan for of those identified by the Board and the SHPO. management of state-owned buildings, They are organized in accordance with the be they historic or not. information requested in the statute (MCA 22-3-424(4)). 3 A. Documentation of State-owned Heritage Properties According to SHPO files, 508 state-owned heritage properties have been formally documented, recorded, evaluated, and found to be historically significant while retaining integrity, i.e. are heritage properties eligible for listing, or listed in, the National Register of Historic Places. Each of these 508 properties may not solely represent a single building, structure, site or object. They also include at least 16 districts with multiple contributing elements, such as Virginia City (187 contributing buildings), Bannack, Fort Assiniboine, and others, which were reported on in 2014 as whole or single properties, thus under- representing the total number of resources. This potentially skews some statistics. The Board Montana Territorial & State , Deer Lodge and SHPO will recommend alternative reporting reporting on its heritage properties given methods for districts to the agencies for the the large number it administers. Of the 366 2016 reporting. reported properties, 288 are historic and 78 are prehistoric. They are comprised of a total of Of the 508 known state-owned heritage 1,056 contributing elements. Agency properties, 366 were reported on in 2014. The participation in reporting increased in 2014, remaining 142 unreported properties belong for with all twelve agencies reporting. the most part to the Department of Natural Resources and Conservation (DNRC). DNRC, Did You Know? which owns nearly 50% of all documented • State-owned heritage properties state-owned heritage properties, has been represent about 6% of all of the allotted a 10-year period for incremental documented and evaluated heritage properties (National Register listed or THE STATE’S eligible), including districts, in the state. 2014 REPORTED • There is at least one identified state- RESOURCES, ITEMIZED owned heritage property in 53 of the 56 TOTAL counties. (Garfield, Glacier, and Liberty Buildings 504 counties have none). Structures 281 • The county with the most state-owned Sites 253 heritage properties is Lewis & Clark County (31); this is followed by Big Horn Objects 18 (24), Beaverhead (22), and Cascade TOTAL 1,056 (22) Counties. 4 DANIELS SHERIDAN GLACIER LINCOLN TOOLE HILL LIBERTY

BLAINE FLATHEAD VALLEY ROOSEVELT PHILLIPS PONDERA

TETON CHOUTEAU RICHLAND SANDERS LAKE MCCONE

CASCADE DAWSON MINERAL FERGUS GARFIELD LEWIS & CLARK PETROLEUM JUDITH BASIN MISSOULA WIBAUX POWELL PRAIRIE

MEAGHER MUSSELSHELL GRANITE WHEATLAND FALLON GOLDEN VALLEY TREASURE BROADWATER CUSTER ROSEBUD RAVALLI JEFFERSON DEER LODGE

SILVER BOW YELLOWSTONE SWEET GRASS

STILLWATER CARTER GALLATIN BIG HORN PARK POWDER RIVER

MADISON CARBON BEAVERHEAD

Legend State_Owned_Heritage_Properties 0 1 - 5 6 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 > 21

• 36 (64%) of Montana’s 56 counties have historic period heritage properties five (5) or more state-owned heritage include buildings, bridges, cultural/ properties. historical state parks, fish hatchery • 146 of the 508 known state-owned structures, homestead sites, dams, heritage properties (29%) are listed in irrigation canals, abandoned railroad the National Register, individually or as grades, highways, trails, and a National part of historic districts. Historic Landmark battlefield (Rosebud). • FWP (Montana State Parks) manages 16 • Virginia City Historic District (Commerce/ state parks that are primarily cultural/ MHC) is probably the largest (in number) historical in nature, including 7 that are state-owned heritage property asset, certified National Historic Landmarks. with 183 contributing buildings. The • 121 (24%) state-owned heritage largest in size (acreage) may be Rosebud properties are precontact Battlefield (FWP) or one of the state- (archaeological) and include Sleeping managed historic dams and reservoirs Buffalo Rock, Pictograph Cave State (DNRC). Park, Medicine Rocks State Park, and First • The smallest state-owned heritage Peoples and Madison Buffalo Jumps. property is probably the Sleeping Buffalo These cultural sites date back thousands Rock (MDT: 24PH1002; object) near Saco of years and include rock art, tipi rings, in Phillips County. stone tool quarries, and medicine wheels • DNRC owns/manages the most identified that were used by Montana’s First state-owned heritage properties (235); Peoples. yet only 5% of state-owned trust land • 387 (76%) known state-owned heritage has been surveyed by DNRC for heritage properties are historic and range in date properties. from 1805 to 1966. These state-owned 5 2013 Bannack Flash Flood, Beaverhead County B. Status and Condition of Heritage Properties USES NO. % OF TOTAL This cycle of reporting on the status and Academic Facilities 83 22.7% condition of Montana’s known heritage Roads and Bridges 68 18.6% properties was improved over the last cycle, Dam/Reservoir/ due to greater agency participation in SHPO-led Irrigation Systems 25 6.8% training and expanded guidance. Several Interpretive Sites 26 7.1% definitions were clarified, resulting in better and Government Facilities 19 5.2% more consistent accounting. Increased Vacant Buildings 8 2.2% consultation will further improve the Other historic sites 5 1.4% consistency and reliability of reported Archaeological Sites 84 23.0% information. Abandoned Sites 43 11.7% Demolished & Useful Definitions Transferred Properties 5 1.4% Historic Integrity: Current ability of historic 366 property to convey its historic identity and significance. Good: Stable; generally well maintained and/ or monitored. If a building or structure, it Condition: Physical condition; how sound, minimally meets code and use needs. stable, or maintainable a property is. Fair: Stable, but largely unmaintained; needs preservation treatment. If a building or structure, it does not meet code or use needs.

6 PHYSICAL CONDITION* HISTORIC INTEGRITY* Category 2012 2014 Category No. % of total Excellent 34.0% 27.9% Excellent 123 37.5% Good 24.2% 33.6% Good 121 36.8% Fair 16.6% 15.6% Fair 54 16.5% Poor 9.8% 11.7% Unknown 30 9.2% Failed 1.9% 1.4% Sub-TOTAL 328 Unknown 13.6% 9.8% No Data 38 TOTAL 366 Poor: Unstable; unmaintained; in need of treatment. Based upon the reports provided in 2014, 2.7% Failed: Demolished; destroyed; resource is gone of the documented properties are endangered or has lost its heritage value and historic and 59.3% have a satisfactory status. While integrity. initially it appears that the relative number of endangered properties has significantly Status: Potential for change in the historic decreased since 2012, this decrease can be integrity of a heritage property. attributed almost entirely to the Endangered: Serious negative impacts to reassignment of 17 heritage properties (13 the property’s historic integrity are abandoned railroad grades and 4 occurring, have occurred, and the resource archaeological sites) from “Endangered” to condition is worsening. “Watch” after re-consideration of the respective Improved: Actions have been taken or are definitions. In 2014, 27.9% of state-owned underway to improve historic integrity, in heritage properties are reported to be in consultation with SHPO. excellent physical condition, while 13.1% are said to be in poor condition or have failed.

MT Tech Museum Building, Butte 7 STATUS* COST OF STEWARDSHIP Category 2012 2014 (2012-2013) Endangered 9.1% 2.7% Montana State University $35,297 Threatened 8.3% 9.6% Fish Wildlife & Parks $190,819 Watch 14.0% 17.8% Dept. of Commerce/MHC $481,000 Satisfactory 58.9% 59.3% Montana Historical Society $17,630 Improved -- 0.5% Dept. of Administration $13,000 Mitigated -- 2.2% Bannack Insurance Claim $1,102,322 Unknown 9.8% 7.9% TOTAL $1,840,068

Overall there does appear to have been a planning in consultation with the SHPO. These downgrading of the condition of state-owned efforts (further elaborated below, in Best heritage properties between 2012 and 2014 Practices) include the $1.1 million insurance from “Excellent” to “Good” and from “Fair” to claim made by FWP in the successful recovery “Poor.” Some of the overall issues that threaten efforts at Bannack State Park following the heritage properties are: disastrous flash flood of 2013. Other direct heritage stewardship efforts include repair and - Out-of-date inventories and information restoration projects in Virginia City, a National - Insufficient fundingor f repair and Register nomination of the MSU-Bozeman maintenance historic campus, cooperative research and - Heritage properties that don’t fit with documentation projects between FWP and the the agency’s mission University System, the sensitive porch repairs - Lack of or tardy consultation with SHPO of the Howey “Old Stone” House by DOA on the - Transfer and sale of heritage properties Capitol campus, and the preparation of a without protective covenants or SHPO Historic Structure Report for the Original involvement Governor’s Mansion by the Montana *All percentages reflect reported properties, Historical Society. Despite these notable efforts, not contributing elements. the poor physical condition of many of our state’s known heritage properties requires a C. Stewardship Efforts and Associated Costs greater investment of care and capital for basic More than $27.3 million in stewardship costs repairs, renovations, and adaptive re-use. were reported by the agencies for 2012-2013. However, the vast majority of these costs pertain to administration/operations and regular/routine maintenance which apply to any state-owned property – historic or not. Only $1.84 million (6.7%) of the $27.3 million reported is readily attributable directly to heritage stewardship projects such as historic restoration, research, interpretation, and Rosebud Battlefield Field School, Rosebud County 8 D. Prioritized List of Maintenance Needs PRIORITY-NEED The agencies ranked each property among all PROPERTIES (1-5) agency heritage properties, from a high need HIGHEST TO LOWEST priority of 1 to a low need priority of 5. Overall (ALL AGENCIES the rankings of properties are similar to those COMBINED) reported in 2012, with about 14% of reported properties (50 in 2014) ranked as priority 1. Category 2012 2014 Most of the high priority properties also include 1 14.7% 13.7% the same properties as reported previously, for 2 11.7% 8.2% example: Reeder’s Alley in Helena, Virginia City, 3 9.4% 10.1% Daly Mansion in Hamilton, Pictograph Cave near 4 9.8% 9.8% Billings, and the MT Tech Museum Building in 5 54.3% 58.2% Butte. Some of these properties are listed with elements to the Virginia City Historic District - high priorities because their maintenance needs a high priority need property managed by the are great, while some are listed to emphasize Department of Commerce (Montana Heritage the agency’s understanding of the importance Commission) - are also considered endangered. of the property. Many high priority properties have no funding to provide the maintenance or E. A record of the agencies’ compliance with rehabilitation identified. Some properties the subsections MCA 22-3-424 (1) and (2), appear to be listed as low maintenance the Montana State Antiquities Act priorities, despite their actual needs, sometimes because no funding is available. Three state- Subsections (1) and (2) delineate the duties owned heritage properties are identified as of the state agencies, including the Montana both high priority and endangered: the Follmer University System, to include consultation Place, near Lewistown (FWP); the 1872 Gallatin with the Historical Society (SHPO) to (1) adopt City II Hotel in Missouri Headwaters State Park rules for the identification and preservation of (FWP); and the Montana Tech Engineering Hall heritage properties and paleontological remains (University-UM). An additional four contributing on state-owned lands or implement SHPO rules

Warm Springs State Receiving Hospital, Warm Springs 9 Porch repair on Howey House; Capital Campus, Helena at ARM 10-121-901 and (2) to identify and When planning work on any property over develop methods and procedures to ensure that fifty years old, agencies are required to the identification and protection of heritage consult with SHPO, regardless of whether the properties and paleontological remains on property has been previously identified as a state-owned lands are given appropriate heritage property or not. Previously consideration in state agency decision making. unevaluated historic (> 50 years old) properties must first be evaluated in The agency reporting reveals unclear responses consultation with SHPO to determine if they or erratic compliance, representing confusion are heritage properties. To do so, the agency or lack of knowledge and understanding of the is to complete and submit a Montana Historic statute’s requirements. Most agencies didn’t Property Record Form for the historic address how and when they’ve consulted with building or site to SHPO and indicate if the SHPO over the last biennium. It was unclear if agency believes the property is eligible for this indicates lack of consultation or not. It is listing in the National Register of Historic clear that quite a few state undertakings are Places (i.e., meets the criteria). SHPO assigns happening without consultation. a Smithsonian number to the property and provides an opinion on the eligibility status. Consulting With SHPO In order to be considered a heritage property, both the agency and SHPO must concur as to The SHPO consultation and review process is its eligibility. The Historic Preservation intended to insert the SHPO knowledge, Review Board resolves any eligibility disputes. viewpoint, and experience into the early If determined to be a heritage property, the planning and design of heritage property agency consults with SHPO on how to avoid projects. A prevalent vein throughout most of or minimize adverse affects. the reports reveals a basic misunderstanding of this procedure, which can be summarized as follows:

10 Follmer Place, Fergus County BEST PRACTICES occurred. Montana State Parks also continues to be at the forefront of collaboration with While variance regarding historic preservation universities and other agencies, as further efforts among state agencies exists, and will demonstrated by the State Parks joint effort always exist, examples of successful with the Department of Natural Resources and preservation efforts continue to emerge. State Conservation (DNRC) to retain the Madison agencies that have staff with preservation Buffalo Jump, enabling the park to remain open training or that engage professional consultants today for visitors to explore aspects of with historic preservation expertise in project precontact history. planning and those that take advantage of collaboration with the SHPO Office, continue to Expanded research efforts between State Parks, lead the way in preservation efforts. University of Montana (UM), and Montana State University Billings (MSUB) at Pictograph State Montana State Parks (FWP) remains a Park during the summer of 2013 included full consistent leader in stewardship efforts. During three-dimensional scanning of Pictograph Cave the summer of 2013, a flash flood damaged and the surrounding land, a review of extant Bannack State Park, one of Montana’s historic 1913 historic inscriptions in Ghost Cave, and a crown jewels. Through a rapid and review of the locations of now-faded precontact appropriate response effort, the damage to site pictographs. As a result, researchers are able and structures was evaluated and then to spatially reference artifacts, excavated in the appropriately mitigated. This facilitated a 1930’s, into the landform. prompt reopening of the park while preserving the site. Today’s visitors to the park witness little if any evidence of the major damage that

11 Continued collaborative efforts between State The Montana Department of Transportation Parks and MSUB at Medicine Rocks State Park (MDT) continues to demonstrate are also building the foundation for a potential outstanding stewardship of their historic nomination of the park to the National Register properties through multiple nominations for of Historic Places. With a full inventory of inclusion in the National Register of Historic petroglyphs and historic inscriptions completed Places. A close working relationship between and accessible through a searchable database preservation personnel at MDT and SHPO - that references a Geographic Information indicates that best practices are being System (GIS) - FWP now has information that consciously observed by MDT. will contribute positively to the future management of the park. The combination of The Montana Historical Society demonstrated these projects promotes the profound place that thoughtful planning by commissioning a Montana holds in national and global history. Historic Structure Report for the Original Governor’s Mansion during 2012. The report During 2013, the core of the Montana State included SHPO input and review, resulting in a University (MSU)-Bozeman Campus was listed roadmap for future improvements in as a National Register Historic District. This accordance with accepted preservation comprehensive review of the campus highlights standards. the historical value of this flagship academic institution while demonstrating the University Finally, while limited by its current staffing and administration’s increasing support of the value funding, the Montana Heritage Commission, of their historic properties. These properties Department of Commerce, continues to make attract students, parents, and faculty with their inroads in the preservation of Virginia City. gracious proportions, renovated interiors, and thoughtful siting.

Matt Little Barn, Powell County

12 MSU Bozeman Campus, Gallatin County All of the above practices demonstrate the b. Encourage agencies to take advantage of possibilities afforded to all Montana state the Montana Site Stewardship Program, agencies, and the subsequent positive outcome providing volunteers an opportunity to to the agency, the state, its citizens, and assist state agencies by monitoring visitors. state-owned heritage properties. c. Explore state agency partnerships with RECOMMENDATIONS non-profits, businesses, community organizations, and other agencies to find The following recommendations have been occupants for unused state-owned generated directly from the information and buildings. patterns presented in the agencies’ 2014 reports and are designed to improve management of 2. Improve and streamline agency practices for heritage properties on state-owned land. The planning work on heritage properties. first five actions require administrative a. Encourage all agencies to review their leadership. The last recommendation also SHPO consultation protocol and to requires Legislature budgetary action. develop effective consultation practices. b. Fulfill the requirement for all agencies 1. Expand collaboration to enhance historic to prepare a current Property Record preservation efforts. Form for each potential heritage property a. Hold an annual state agency/SHPO and consult with SHPO regarding meeting either as sessions with heritage status. Proactive inventories individual agencies or as a general can ease this process. meeting with all agencies. Include representatives from the Historic Preservation Review Board in these meetings.

13 c. Advise agencies to evaluate and include 4. Improve preservation efforts statewide. properties built before and during 1966 a. Fully staff Virginia City, including a in the next reporting cycle, as they’ll be cultural resource specialist and an 50 years old in 2016. Planning efforts archaeologist. should anticipate these properties b. Expand the number of dedicated cultural coming of age for heritage consideration. resource personnel in the state agencies or provide access to a shared pool of 3. Continue to acknowledge and preserve historic preservation experts. state-owned properties. c. Develop plans for treatments of a. Nominate the Capitol Campus Historic endangered or threatened sites. District to the National Register of d. Require protective covenants/ Historic Places. stipulations during the transfer or sale of b. Develop a management system for heritage properties. state-owned historic buildings. c. Continue the recognition of heritage 5. Recommended Legislative action. preservation efforts in Montana. Projects Explore opportunities to fund an updated such as the restoration of the Capitol inventory of state-owned historic buildings building show that Montana government so that all state-owned buildings that are is taking care of the people’s heritage heritage properties can be identified. This properties. database would ensure that all assets are d. Develop a plan to tell the story of past included in historic property reviews. and future preservation efforts. e. Consider a resolution that acknowledges Further information on Montana’s state-owned that money spent towards historic properties, including the 2014 State Agency preservation does not detract from the Biennial Reports and individual property status primary mission of an agency, but rather and condition reporting forms, can be found at supports it. http://mhs.mt.gov/shpo.aspx.

MSU Billings Academic Support Center, Billings

14 MONTANA STATE-OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES BY COUNTY Tongue River Dam and Homestead Prewitt Creek Bridge Two Leggins Canal Rainbow Dam Road segment Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 13 Sand Coulee Bridge Tower Rock (Lewis & Clark 1805) BLAINE COUNTY Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Fort Belknap Irrigation District Great Northern Railroad (abandoned CHOTEAU COUNTY grade) Citadel Rock Lodge Creek Bridge Eagle Butte School Roosevelt Highway/Secondary 396 Great Northern Railway Snake Creek Bridge (abandoned grade) Havre-Rainbow Trans Line BROADWATER COUNTY (abandoned grade) Bannack Historic District Jefferson River Bridge Judith Landing Historic District Loma Ferry & Crossing BEAVERHEAD COUNTY Montana Ditch Bridge Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 3 Bannack Historic District Toston Dam (40 contributing buildings) Archaeological Sites: 3 CUSTER COUNTY Beaverhead Water Company Ditch Milwaukee Road Railroad Bridge Big Hole River/Kalsta Bridge CARBON COUNTY Bad Pass Trail (Sioux Trail) Mizpah Powder River Bridge Clark’s Lookout Pine Hills School Gymnasium Gilmore & Pittsburg Railroad Beartooth Highway Bozeman Trail (Bridger Cut-off) (Reform School) Highway 43- Road to Wisdom Tongue/Yellowstone River Irrigation Cooney Dam (abandoned segments) System Meeteetse Trail Huntley Ditch Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Lower Bryan Ditch Rock Creek Dam & Reservoir Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 2 MDT Lima Maintenance Site DANIELS COUNTY Miller Ditch Great Northern Railroad (abandoned CARTER COUNTY Montana Southern Railway grade) Medicine Rocks State Park District (abandoned grade) Soo Line Railroad (abandoned grade) Old Airport Road Bison Kill & TCP Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Archaeological Site Archaeological Sites: 2 Poindexter Slough DAWSON COUNTY Red Door Ranch CASCADE COUNTY Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Red Rock to Salmon Stage Road First Peoples Buffalo Jump (Ulm grade) UM-Western: Matthews Hall Pishkun) Northern Pacific Railroad Underpass UM-Western: Old Main (MT State Fort Shaw Canal Bridge Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Normal School) Giant Springs Park DEER LODGE COUNTY Union Pacific Railway Overpass Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Anaconda Fish Hatchery (Washoe Upper Bryan Ditch grade) Park) Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 3 Hardy Bridge Anaconda Smelter Stack Havre-Rainbow Transmission Line Anaconda Unit DNRC Headquarters BIG HORN COUNTY (abandoned) Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Chicago Burlington & Quincy Railroad Milwaukee Railroad (Lewistown- (abandoned grade) (abandoned grade) Great Falls Branch) French Gulch Placer Mines Chief Plenty Coups (Alek- Missouri River Bridge at Cascade Galen State Hospital (Agricultural Chea-Ahoosh) Home­ Missouri River/O.S. Warden Bridge Outbuildings) Lee Homestead Monarch Depot Lower French Creek Bridge Little Big Horn River Bridge Monarch Maintenance Section Shop Paddock Ditch/Anderson Ditch Lodge Grass Creek Bridge Morony Dam camp: Apartment Receiving Hospital, Montana State Rosebud Battlefield – Where the Girl House Hospital Saved Her Brother Novak Creek Bridge Silver Bow Creek Bridge Shreve Homestead Old US Highway 91/Recreation Road Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 5 15 MONTANA STATE-OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES BY COUNTY Middle Creek Dam & Reservoir JEFFERSON COUNTY MSU Bozeman Campus Historic Fraternity Hall, Elkhorn District (25 contributing buildings) Jefferson Canal MSU-Bozeman: Ft. Ellis Ag Jefferson Canyon Highway/Hwy 2 Experiment Station Little Boulder River Bridge MSU-Bozeman: Ft. Ellis Military Site Montana Central Railroad Galen State Hospital, Diary Barn (Archaeological) Montana Deaf & Dumb Asylum, Complex, Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Boulder (Main Hall) grade) Endangered Old US Highway 10-S (Jefferson Three Forks of the Missouri (Missouri Canyon Highway) FALLON COUNTY Headwaters) Yellowstone Trail/Secondary 359 Cottonwood Creek Timber Bridge Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 4

FERGUS COUNTY JUDITH BASIN COUNTY Benton & Billings Stage Road Ackley Lake Dam Big Springs Creek Bridge Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Clagget Hill Road/Trail (abandoned) grade) Crystal Cave Milwaukee Railroad (abandoned grade) Follmer Place MSU: Central Agricultural Research Fred Robinson Bridge Center (MAES CARC) Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Gallatin City II Hotel, Utica Bison Kill Site grade) Endangered Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Judith Landing Historic District Judith River Viaduct GARFIELD COUNTY LAKE COUNTY Milwaukee Railroad and overpass None Jocko Fish Hatchery (abandoned grade) Logan Marshall Place GLACIER COUNTY Revais Canal FLATHEAD COUNTY None Swan River State Forest Station Flathead River Bridge Great Northern Railway (abandoned GOLDEN VALLEY COUNTY LEWIS & CLARK COUNTY grade) Deadman Reservoir Project 1219 8th Ave, Helena (Howey House) Kila Buffalo Pictographs Aeronautics Operations Building Lions Camp Recreation Buildings GRANITE COUNTY Alice Creek Historic District McClarty-Worm Barn, Somers Flint Creek Water Project (Cokahlarshkit Trail) Montana Soldier’s Home Historic Fred Burr Creek Bridge Dearborn River High Bridge District Miner’s Union Hall, Granite Elk Creek Bridge North Fork Road Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Great Northern Railroad Old US Highway 2 Segments grade) (abandoned grade) Somers Hatchery Superintendent’s House, Granite Missouri River Bridge near Wolf Creek Stillwater Ranger Station Historic Montana State Armory Building District HILL COUNTY Montana State Capitol Building Swan River Bridge Fort Assiniboine Montana State Highway Commission Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 4 Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Shop Complex GALLATIN COUNTY grade) Montana Veterans & Pioneers Baker Creek Bridge Havre-Rainbow Trans Line Memorial Building (MHS) Campbell Homestead (abandoned) Mountain View School for Girls Drainage Bridge near Manhattan Highway 2 (abandoned segments) (Law Enforcement Academy) Gallatin City II Hotel MSU: Fort Assiniboine (MAES NARC) Nilan Reservoir & Smith Creek Canal Gallatin River Bridge MSU-Northern, Havre – Gymnasium Old Corrections Building/Mills Hall Madison Buffalo Jump Too Close for Comfort (Wahkpa Old Lincoln Road Madison Mill Chu’gn) Buffalo Jump Old US Highway 91/Recreation Road Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 3 Original Governor’s Mansion 16 MONTANA STATE-OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES BY COUNTY Reeder’s Alley/Pioneer Cabin MCCONE COUNTY MUSSELSHELL COUNTY Sheep Creek Bridge Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Milwaukee Railroad (abandoned grade) State Liquor Warehouse grade) Pinchgut Stage Station Stedman Foundry (FWP Wildlife Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Signe School Education Center) Walt Sullivan Building MEAGHER COUNTY PARK COUNTY Wegner Creek Bridge Bair Dam Carter Bridge Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 7 Charles Holliday Ditch Cottonwood Dam & Reservoir Electric Highway/Montana Hwy 6 Livingston Ditch Martinsdale Canal Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Milwaukee Railroad- Castle Spur grade) North Fork Canal Northern Pacific Railway Overpass North Fork of Smith River Dam Yellowstone River Bridge Sanford Holliday Ditch Yellowstone River Bridge at Gardiner Walter Homestead (abandoned) Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 8 Original Governor’s Mansion White Sulphur-Yellowstone Railroad LIBERTY COUNTY Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 4 PETROLEUM COUNTY None Yellow Water Dam and Reservoir MINERAL COUNTY LINCOLN COUNTY Cedar-Quartz Mining District PHILLIPS COUNTY Libby Hatchery/Field Station Keystone-Iron Mountain Mining District Dodson Canal Memorial Bridge Milwaukee Railroad (abandoned grade) Fred Robinson Bridge Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 10 Mullan Road segment Frenchman Dam & Reservoir Natural Pier Bridge Great Northern Railroad (abandoned MADISON COUNTY Point of Rocks Historic Transportation grade) Beaverhead River Bridge at Twin Corridor Sleeping Buffalo Rock Bridges US Highway 10- Camel’s Hump Wagner Medicine Wheel Beaverhead Rock (abandoned) Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 2 Big Hole River/Kalsta Bridge Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Dr. Don L. Byam House (Nevada City) PONDERA COUNTY MSU: Isaacs/Wann Residence (Red Bluff Stage Stop) MISSOULA COUNTY “P” Canal Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Big Blackfoot Railway Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 grade) Clinton Mining District Old Cherry Creek Indian Trail Miller-Kelley & Cave-Gannon Ditches POWDER RIVER COUNTY Raynolds Pass Rest Area Orange Street Underpass Reservoir Creek Homestead Ruby River Dam & Reservoir Rattlesnake Creek Bridge (abandoned) The Finney House (Nevada City) Rice-Thompson Farmstead Ten Mile Road Vigilante Trail/Virginia City Road/ Traveler’s Rest MT 287 UM-Missoula Campus Historic District POWELL COUNTY Virginia City Historic District (183 (34 contributing) Boyd Ranch contributing buildings) - 4 UM-Missoula: Charles Prescott House Helena to Blackfoot City Stage Road Endangered UM-Missoula: Fort Missoula Historic Little Blackfoot River Bridge Wall Creek Barn District MacDonald Pass Airway Beacon Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Main Street Bridge Matt Little Barn Montana State Prison Brickyard Historic District Montana Territorial & State Prison (Old) Nevada Creek Dam & Reservoir Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 3 Brewery Dugout Cabin, Virginia City UM-Missoula: Charles Prescott House Endangered 17 MONTANA STATE-OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES BY COUNTY PRAIRIE COUNTY SILVER BOW COUNTY VALLEY COUNTY Powder River Bridge near Terry Butte, Anaconda & Pacific Railroad Ft. Peck Wooden Barges 1876 Powder River Supply Depot Butte Water Company- Big Hole System Great Northern Railroad (abandoned (Archaeological) German Gulch Overpass grade) Yellowstone River Bridge at Fallon Milwaukee Railroad (abandoned grade) Rock Creek Canal UM-MT Tech campus (9 contributing Roosevelt Highway RAVALLI COUNTY buildings) - 2 Endangered Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 5 Fort Owen State Monument Fred Burr Dam & Reservoir WHEATLAND COUNTY Painted Rocks Dam and Reservoir Deadman’s Basin Ditch (SWCB) G.L Mututal Ditch UM-Missoula: Daly Mansion Jenizen, Vonica, and O.K. Ditches UM-MT Tech Engineering Hall Martindale Outlet Canal and Dam RICHLAND COUNTY Milwaukee Road Overpass at Endangered Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Harlowton grade) STILLWATER COUNTY Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Lower Yellowstone Irrigation Project Cove Ditch Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Crow Agency II (archaeological) WIBAUX COUNTY grade) Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Schulze School grade) grade) Snowden Bridge Reed Point Bridge #70 Yellowstone Bridge Stillwater River Bridge YELLOWSTONE COUNTY Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Yellowstone River Bridge near Reed Big Horn River Bridge N of Custer Point Cove Ditch ROOSEVELT COUNTY Ghost Cave (archaeological) SWEETGRASS COUNTY Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Moss Mansion (Preston B. Moss House) Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned grade) Mossmain Overpass E of Laurel grade) Lewis & Clark (aka Wolf Point) Bridge MSU-Billings: Academic Support Rudd Ditch Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Center Vogues Bridge grade) MSU-Billings: Apsaruke Hall Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 MSU-Billings: Physical Education TETON COUNTY Building ROSEBUD COUNTY Eldorado Ditch Old US Highway 8- Old Hardin Road 1901 Kid Curry inscription Freezeout Lake WMA (abandoned) McRae Bison Kill Site Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Pictograph Cave (archaeological) Milwaukee Railroad (abandoned grade) grade) Suburban Ditch Musselshell River Bridge Milwaukee Railroad (abandoned grade) Van Duzer Homestead Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Yellowstone River Bridge at Huntley grade) Yellowstone Trail/Old US Highway 10 Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 2 TOOLE COUNTY Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 2 Galata Bison Kill Site SANDERS COUNTY Great Northern Railroad (abandoned Bad Rock Trail grade) Northern Pacific Railroad (abandoned Great Northern Railroad Viaduct grade) Marias River Bridge S. of Shelby Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 3 US Highway 2 (abandoned segments) Whoop-Up Trail SHERIDAN COUNTY Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 1 Moss Mansion Great Northern Railroad (abandoned grade) TREASURE COUNTY ENDANGERED PROPERTY Soo Line Railroad Big Horn River Bridge N of Custer Prehistoric Archaeological Sites: 2 Yellowstone Trail/Old US Highway 10 18 MONTANA STATE-OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES BY COUNTY

MONTANA HISTORIC PRESERVATION REVIEW BOARD Lesley M. Gilmore, Gallatin Gateway (Chair) Rosalyn LaPier, Missoula Jon Axline, Helena Charles “Milo” McLeod, Missoula Carol Bronson, Great Falls Timothy Urbaniak, Billings Zane Fulbright, Lewistown Miki Wilde, East Helena Debra Hronek, Red Lodge Mark Baumler, State Historic Preservation Officer

This document has been financed in part with federal funds from the , U.S. Department of the Interior, and administered by the Montana State Historic Preservation Office. The contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or the Montana State Historic Preservation Office.

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