Macrofungal Diversity of Babadağ (Denizli, Turkey)
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African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7 (3), pp. 192-200, 5 February, 2008 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB ISSN 1684–5315 © 2008 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Macrofungal diversity of Babada (Denizli, Turkey) Aziz Türkolu Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Nevsehir University, 50300, Nevsehir, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +90-384-2153900. Fax: +90-384-2153949. Accepted 16 January, 2008 Some macrofungi specimens were collected from different localities in Babada District (Denizli) between 2005 – 2006 particularly during the months of autumn and spring seasons. As a result of the field and laboratory studies, totally 125 taxa belonging to 70 genera, 40 families and 2 classes have been identified. 19 taxa belong to Ascomycetes, 106 taxa belong to Basidiomycetes classes. Key words: Fungal diversity, taxonomy, macrofungi, Babada, Denizli, Turkey. INTRODUCTION Many taxonomic studies of the macrofungal flora of most suitable for Macrofungi. Relevant morphological and Turkey have been carried out and many others are in ecological characteristics of the macrofungi were recorded and progress. The studies carried out on macrofungi species photographed in their natural habitats. The local consumption of macrofungi and their local names were recorded by interviewing between 1817 and 2007 have been reviewed, and as a local people. Then they were carried to the laboratory for further result it was determined that there are approximately investigation. Spore prints were prepared and spores photograph- 2400 documented macrofungi species in Turkey (Solak et ed. The specimens were identified by examining their macroscopic al., 2007). In these studies, the Mediterranean, Marmara, and microscopic features, using current reference books Black Sea and Western part of Turkey have been (Marchand, 1971-1986; Phillips, 1981; Moser, 1983; Bresinsky and Besl, 1990; Ellis and Ellis, 1990; Breitenbach and Kränzlin, 1984- investigated. Although there are many taxonomic studies 2000). Taxa are arranged according to Kirk et al. (2004). All in the Aegean region (Gezer et al., 2007; Türkolu et al., collected specimens are now deposited at Pamukkale University, 2007a; Türkolu et al., 2007b; Çelik et al., 2007), there is Education Faculty, Laboratory of Science Department, in Denizli. no research available in Babada district. Therefore, the area was chosen as a research area. Babada is a town in the province of Denizli, bordered RESULTS by Tavas on the south, Sarayköy on the north, Aydın on the west, and Denizli on the east (Figure 1). The In our study, 124 taxa belonging to 40 families were collection area, located in the Aegean region, has a identified. The distribution of the taxa and their families Mediterranean-alpine climate. The investigated area is a are: Tricholomataceae 14, Lycoperdaceae 9, natural habitat of number of trees, dominant forest plants, Psathyrellaceae 7, Russulaceae 7, Agaricaceae 6, such as Pinus nigra, P. brutia, Juniperus oxycedrus and Bolbitiaceae 6, Morchellaceae 6, Polyporaceae 6, Quercus coccifera. There are also Populus alba and Salix Pezizaceae 5, Geastraceae 4, Helvellaceae 4, triandra, which grow near the streams. The study area’s Hymenochaetaceae 4, Marasmiaceae 4, Pluteaceae 4, climate and vegetation are favourable for macrofungi. Boletaceae 3, Mycenaceae 3, Suillaceae 3, The aim of this study is to determine macrofungi species Hydnangiaceae 2, Pyronemataceae 2, Rhizopogonaceae in the research area and thus provide more data on the 2, Stereaceae 2, Strophariaceae 2, Albatrellaceae 1, macrofungi of Turkey. Astraeaceae 1, Auriculariaceae 1, Cortinariaceae 1, Crepidotaceae 1, Discinaceae 1, Exidiaceae 1, Ganodermataceae 1 Gomphidiaceae 1, MATERIAL AND METHOD Hygrophoropsidaceae 1, Phallaceae 1, Pleurotaceae 1, Macrofungi were collected in Babada district (Denizli) between Pisolithaceae 1, Sarcoscyphaceae 1, Schizophyllaceae 2005 and 2006. The field studies were conducted mostly in autumn 1, Sclerodermataceae 1, Thelephoraceae 1, and and spring, since during these periods the climatic conditions are Tulostomataceae 1. Türkolu 193 Figure 1. Macrofungı collection areas. These taxa are presented with their localities, habitats, Türkolu 2744; Kelleci village, in Pinus brutia forest, collection dates and accession numbers. 13.04.2006 Türkolu 2747; Yeniköy village, in Pinus brutia forest, 19.05.2006 Türkolu 2765, 2795. Ascomycetes Helvella leucomelaena (Pers.) Nannf. Discinaceae ncirpınar village, in Pinus brutia forest, 10.04.2006 Gyromitra esculenta (Pers.) Fr. Türko lu 2583; Kıranyer village, in Pinus brutia forest, 12.04.2006 Türko lu 2613. Altındere village, in Pinus brutia forest, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2627. Helvella queletii Bres. Yeniköy village, in Pinus brutia forest, 19.05.2006 Helvellaceae Türkolu 2766. Helvella lacunosa Afzel. Helvella acetabulum (L.) Quél. Kelleci village, in Pinus brutia forest, 13.04.2006 Türkolu Kelleci village, in Pinus brutia forest, on path, 13.04.2006 2726; Kelleci village, in Pinus brutia forest, 13.04.2006 Türkolu 2719. 194 Afr. J. Biotechnol. Morchellaceae Sarcosphaera coronaria (Jacq.) J. Schröt. Morchella angusticeps Peck Ahıllı village, in gardens, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2616. Yardan village, in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus salvifolius, 13.04.2006 Türkolu 2738. Pyronemataceae Morchella conica Krombh. Geopora arenosa (Fuckel) S. Ahmad Mollaahmetler village, in Quercus coccifera forest, Taoluk village , in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus 22.05.2006 Türkolu 2844. salvifolius, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2630; Yeniköy, in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus salvifolius, 19.05.2006 Tarzetta catinus (Holmsk.) Korf & J.K. Rogers Türkolu 2778. Mollaahmetler village, on road sides, 22.05.2006 Morchella crassipes Schwein. & Cooke Türkolu 2854. ncirpınar village, in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus salvifolius, 10.04.2006 Türkolu 2576. Sarcoscyphaceae Morchella distans Fr. Sarcoscypha coccinea (Jacq.) Sacc. Altındere village, in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus Demirli village, on branches of willow, 21.12.2005 salvifolius, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2639. Türkolu 2493. Morchella elata Fr. Basidiomycetes Altındere village, in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus Agaricaceae salvifolius, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2631. Agaricus campestris L. Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Kelleci village, in Pinus brutia forest, 13.04.2006 Türkolu 2752. ncirpınar village, in Pinus brutia forest, under Cistus salvifolius, 10.04.2006 Türkolu 2594. Agaricus hortensis Krombh. Dikmen village, in needle litter, 21.05.2006 Türkolu Pezizaceae 2821. Peziza ampelina Quél. Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers. Yeniköy village, in gardens, 19.05.2006 Türkolu 2770. ncirpınar village, bank of the stream, 10.04.2006 Türkolu 2568;Yeniköy village, Yardan village, in garden, Peziza arvernensis Boud. 19.05.2006 Türkolu 2764. Ouzlar village, in gardens, 19.05.2006 Türkolu 2774. Lepiota clypeolaria (Bull.) P. Kumm. Pachyella celtica (Boud.) Häffner Taoluk village, on leaf litter, 10.04.2006 Türkolu 2585. ncirpınar village, among leaf litter, 10.04.2006 Türkolu Leucoagaricus cinerascens (Quél.) Bon & Boiffard 2598; Altındere village, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2620; Kelleci village, among leaf litter, 13.04.2006 Türkolu Ouzlar village, in gardens, 25.05.2006 Türkolu 2901; 2710. Altındere village, in gardens, 12.04.2006 Türkolu 2634. Peziza micropus Pers. Macrolepiota excoriata (Schaeff.) M.M. Moser Yeniköy village, on rotting wood, 19.05.2006 Türkolu ncirpınar district, in field area, 21.12.2005 Türkolu 2772. 2502. Türkolu 195 Albatrellaceae Boletaceae Albatrellus confluens (Alb. & Schwein.) Kotl. & Boletus calopus Pers. Pouzar Yardan village, in Pinus brutia forest, 19.05.2006 ncirpınar village, under Picea, 18.12.2005 Türkolu Türkolu 2762; Mollaahmetler village, in Pinus brutia 2463. forest, 22.05.2006 Türkolu 2879, 2880. Boletus chrysenteron Bull. Astraeaceae Kelleci village, in Quercus coccifera forest, 13.04.2006 Astraeus hygrometricus (Pers.) Morgan Türkolu 2755; Yeniköy, in Quercus coccifera forest, 19.05.2006 Türkolu 2800. ncirpınar village, in grass, 18.12.2005 Türkolu 2475; ncirpınar village, in garden, 18.12.2005 Türkolu 2484; Boletus edulis Bull. Kelleci village, in Quercus coccifera forest, 13.04.2006 Türkolu 2711; Seyit village, in garden, 25.05.2006 Mollaahmetler village, in Quercus coccifera forest, Türkolu 2887. 22.05.2006 Türkolu 2872. Auriculariaceae Cortinariaceae Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers. Gymnopilus penetrans (Fr.) Murrill Mollaahmetler village, on Fagus sp. 22.05.2006 Türkolu Ouzlar village, on Populus alba, 25.05.2006 Türkolu 2866. 2911. Bolbitiaceae Crepidotaceae Agrocybe cylindracea (DC.) Gillet Crepidotus mollis (Schaeff.) Staude ncirpınar village, on stumps of Populus alba, 18.12.2005 Mollaahmetler village, on Populus alba, 22.05.2006 Türkolu 2448, 2488; Yeniköy, on stumps of Populus, Türkolu 2856. 19.05.2006 Türko-lu 2798. Agrocybe dura (Bolton) Singer Exidiaceae Yeniköy village, in garden, 19.05.2006 Türkolu 2776. Exidia truncata Fr. Hebeloma eburneum Malençon ncirpınar village, on dead branches of Quercus ncirpınar village, in Pinus brutia forest, 10.04.2006 coccifera, 10.04.2006 Türkolu 2592. Türkolu 2578. Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Quél. var. Ganodermataceae mesophaeum Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. ncirpınar village, in Pinus brutia forest, 18.12.2005 Türkolu 2424, 2430, 2451, 2563. Gökdere village, on chestnut tree, 25.05.2006 Türkolu 2902, 2912. Panaeolus papilionaceus (Bull.) Quél. var. papilionaceus, Gomphidiaceae Yeniköy village, on manure,