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Guidelines Document e Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Restraint of Children Travelling in Motor Vehicles UPDATED 2020 © Neuroscience Research Australia and Kidsafe Australia 2020 ISBN Print: 978-0-6489552-0-7 ISBN Online: 978-0-6489552-1-4 Published: December 18th, 2020 Suggested citation: Neuroscience Research Australia and Kidsafe Australia: Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Restraint of Children Travelling in Motor Vehicles, 2nd Edition. Sydney: 2020 Disclaimer: This document is a general guide to appropriate practice, to be followed subject to the specific circumstances of the family, child and vehicle in which the child is travelling. The guideline is designed to provide information to assist decision-making and is based on the best available evidence at the time of development of this publication. Copies of this guideline can be downloaded from: http://www.neura.edu.au/CRS-guidelines Publication Approval The guideline recommendations on pages 33-79 of this document were approved by the Chief Executive Officer of the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) on the 27th of November 2020, under Section 14A of the National Health and Medical Research Council Act 1992. In approving the guideline recommendations, NHMRC considers that they meet the NHMRC standard for clinical practice guidelines. This approval is valid for a period of 5 years. NHMRC is satisfied that the guideline recommendations are systematically derived, based on the identification and synthesis of the best available scientific evidence, and developed for health professionals practising in an Australian health care setting. This publication reflects the views of the authors and not necessarily the views of the Australian Government. Acknowledgements NHMRC Project Team Cathy Connor, Jennifer Savenake, Joanna Bencke, Bethany Corr Methodological Reviewers Sue Brenan and Steve McDonald, Cochrane Australia Expert Reviewers NHMRC coordinated independent expert review of the guideline as part of the NHMRC approval process. Four reviewers provided comments to NHMRC on the guideline. Page | 1 Contents Contents ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2 List of Tables and Figures ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1 Plain English summary ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Appropriate choice of restraints (recommendations 1.1 - 1.4) ................................................................. 5 1.2 Appropriate restraint use in non-typical situations (recommendations 2.1 - 2.17) .................................. 5 1.3 Other restraint options and child restraint accessories (recommendations 3.1 - 3.10) .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Seating position (recommendations 4.1 - 4.4) .......................................................................................... 5 1.5 Child passengers and airbags (recommendations 5.1 - 5.8)...................................................................... 5 1.6 Correct use of restraints (recommendations 6.1 - 6.11) ........................................................................... 6 2 Executive summary ........................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Appropriate choice of restraints ............................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Appropriate restraint use in non-typical situations .................................................................................. 9 2.3 Other restraint options and child restraint accessories .......................................................................... 10 2.4 Seating position ....................................................................................................................................... 12 2.5 Use of child restraints in seating positions equipped with airbags and other active safety devices .......................................................................................................................................... 13 2.6 Correct use of restraints .......................................................................................................................... 14 2.7 Practice points ......................................................................................................................................... 15 3 Glossary of child restraint terms and abbreviations ........................................................................................ 17 3.1 Glossary ................................................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................... 20 4 Contributors ................................................................................................................................................... 21 4.1 Organisations responsible for guideline development ........................................................................... 21 4.2 Members of the technical drafting group ............................................................................................... 21 4.3 Project staff ............................................................................................................................................. 21 4.4 Methodological Advisor .......................................................................................................................... 21 4.5 Steering committee ................................................................................................................................. 22 4.6 Sources of funding for guideline development, publication and dissemination ..................................... 23 4.7 Organisations formally endorsing the guidelines .................................................................................... 23 4.8 Summary of declared interests ............................................................................................................... 23 5 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 25 5.1 Motivation for development of the guidelines ....................................................................................... 25 5.2 Aims of the guidelines ............................................................................................................................. 25 5.3 Scope of the guidelines ........................................................................................................................... 26 5.4 Specific questions guiding the review ..................................................................................................... 27 5.5 Considerations for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples ........................................................... 28 5.6 Considerations for groups with additional needs ................................................................................... 29 5.7 Cost and resource issues ......................................................................................................................... 30 5.8 Review of the guidelines ......................................................................................................................... 31 5.9 Evaluation of the guidelines effectiveness .............................................................................................. 31 6 Recommendations .......................................................................................................................................... 33 6.1 Appropriate choice of restraints ............................................................................................................. 33 6.2 Appropriate restraint use in non-typical situations ................................................................................ 47 6.3 Other restraint options and child restraint accessories .......................................................................... 53 6.4 Seating position ....................................................................................................................................... 58 6.5 Use of child restraints in seating positions equipped with airbags and other active safety devices .......................................................................................................................................... 62 6.6 Correct use of restraints .......................................................................................................................... 67 6.7 Practice Points ......................................................................................................................................... 77 7 References ...................................................................................................................................................... 80 8
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