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Liberty and Optimism Presented Through the Presupposed Meaning of the Characters’ Utterances in Dustin Lance Black’S Film Milk

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Liberty and Optimism Presented Through the Presupposed Meaning of the Characters’ Utterances in Dustin Lance Black’S Film Milk PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LIBERTY AND OPTIMISM PRESENTED THROUGH THE PRESUPPOSED MEANING OF THE CHARACTERS’ UTTERANCES IN DUSTIN LANCE BLACK’S FILM MILK AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By CHRISTOPHER TJIA Student Number: 124214005 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2016 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LIBERTY AND OPTIMISM PRESENTED THROUGH THE PRESUPPOSED MEANING OF THE CHARACTERS’ UTTERANCES IN DUSTIN LANCE BLACK’S FILM MILK AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By CHRISTOPHER TJIA Student Number: 124214005 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2016 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARY A ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini; saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma Nama : Christopher Tjia Nomor Mahasiswa : 124214005 Demi pengembangan, ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiahsaya yang beIjudul LIBERTY AND OPTIMISM PRESENTED THROUGH THE PRESUPPOSED MEANING OF THE CHARACTERS' UTTERANCES IN DUSTIN LANCE BLACK'S FILM MILK beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan memublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta izin kepada saya maupun memberikan royalti kepada saya seIama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Y ogyakarta Pada tanggall1 Agustus 2016 Yang menyatakan, Christopher~ Tjia vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI To those who believe in the profound sense of hope viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It is intriguing to say that Harvey Milk’s proliferation of hope has reinforced me to believe for a betterment, which is actualized through the completion of my thesis. Thus, I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. B. Ria Lestari, M.Sc. for her guidance and my co-advisor, Dr. Fr. B. Alip, M.Pd., M.A. for the alternatives which lead to the betterment of my thesis. I am also indebted to Simon Arsa Manggala, S.S., M.Hum. for his enlightening ideas. The completion of my study would not be viable without the support from my parents, my brother Octavion Tjia, my sister Natalie Christy Tjia, and my friends, especially Kak Rany, Mbak Dian, Sandra Sexy Montok, Clementyas, Dita Malfoy, Venny Vendul, Angel Binti, Renie Cantik, Mbak Shelma, Nimas Sekar, Desty, Dani, Munthe, Icha, and Pipin. My enormous love is also addressed to my best friend Julyan “Mas Jul” Adhitama as the best supporting system with lots of affection, constant fight, and nurturing advice to share. With that being said, I am utterly grateful and look forward to cherishing them all. Last but not least, I can never thank EDS Sanata Dharma enough for the warmth of unconditional acceptance and the provision of hardwork, resillience, and commitment which instills a self-worth in myself. Thus, a huge shoutout is addressed to Kak Sekartiyasa, Kak Caca, Kak Didy, “The Philosopher” Tyas Kirana, “The Lovable” Ivonne Kezia, Rara, Festy, Rea, Moore, Grace, and the other members of this family. I wish the best for this family by choice. Christopher Tjia. ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ....................................................................................................ii APPROVAL PAGE ..........................................................................................iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .....................................................................................iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ..........................................................................v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ................................................................vi MOTTO PAGE .................................................................................................vii DEDICATION PAGE .......................................................................................viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..............................................................................ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................x LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................xii ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................xiii ABSTRAK ...........................................................................................................xiv CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................1 A. Background of the Study ....................................................................1 B. Problem Formulation ..........................................................................4 C. Objectives of the Study ......................................................................4 D. Definition of Terms ............................................................................5 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................8 A. Review of Related Studies ..................................................................8 B. Review of Related Theories ...............................................................14 C. Review of Related Backgrounds ........................................................21 D. Theoretical Framework.......................................................................22 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ................................................................25 A. Object of the Study .............................................................................25 B. Approach of the Study ........................................................................26 C. Method of the Study ...........................................................................28 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS .............................................................................30 A. Presupposed Meaning in the Characters’ Utterances ........................31 1. Pressupposed Meaning in Existential Presupposition ..................32 2. Pressupposed Meaning in Factive Presupposition .......................39 3. Pressupposed Meaning in Lexical Presupposition .......................42 4. Pressupposed Meaning in Non-Factive Presupposition ...............49 5. Pressupposed Meaning in Counter-Factual Presupposition .........51 6. Pressupposed Meaning in Structural Presupposition ...................54 B. Ideologies in the Characters’ Utterances ............................................58 1. Liberty ..........................................................................................59 2. Optimism ......................................................................................69 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ........................................................................76 BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................81 APPENDICES ...................................................................................................83 Appendix 1: Data for Existential Presupposition ...................................83 Appendix 2: Data for Factive Presupposition ........................................86 Appendix 3: Data for Lexical Presupposition ........................................87 Appendix 4: Data for Non-Factive Presupposition ................................90 Appendix 5: Data for Counterfactual Presupposition ............................91 Appendix 6: Data for Structural Presupposition ....................................94 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Utterances with Existential Presupposition.........................................32 Table 2. Utterances with Factive Presupposition ..............................................40 Table 3. Utterances with Lexical Presupposition ..............................................42 Table 4. Utterances with Non-Factive Presupposition ......................................50 Table 5. Utterances with Counter-Factual Presupposition ................................52 Table 6. Utterances with Structural Presupposition ..........................................55 Table 7. The Emphasis on Negative Other Presentation through Existential Presupposition ..................................................................60 Table 8. The Emphasis on Positive Self Presentation through Existential Presupposition ..................................................................62 Table 9. The Emphasis on Negative Other Presentation through Factive Presupposition ........................................................................63 Table 10. The Emphasis on Negative Other Presentation through Non-Factive Presupposition ...............................................................64
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