DOCSLIB.ORG

Pyoverdine Production and Its Social Effects in Natural Communities of Pseudomonas Bacteria

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pyoverdine Production and Its Social Effects in Natural Communities of Pseudomonas Bacteria Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2017 Pyoverdine production and its social effects in natural communities of Pseudomonas bacteria Butaitė, Elena Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-147572 Dissertation Published Version Originally published at: Butaitė, Elena. Pyoverdine production and its social effects in natural communities of Pseudomonas bacteria. 2017, University of Zurich, Faculty of Science. Pyoverdine Production and its Social Effects in Natural Communities of Pseudomonas Bacteria Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr. sc. nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Elena Butaitė aus Litauen Promotionskommission Prof. Dr. Rolf Kümmerli (Vorsitz) Prof. Dr. Jakob Pernthaler Prof. Dr. Gregory J. Velicer Zürich, 2017 Pyoverdine Production and its Social Effects in Natural Communities of Pseudomonas Bacteria Dissertation for Obtainment of a Scientific Doctorate (Dr. sc. nat.) submitted to the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Zurich by Elena Butaitė from Lithuania Promotion Committee Prof. Dr. Rolf Kümmerli (Chairman) Prof. Dr. Jakob Pernthaler Prof. Dr. Gregory J. Velicer Zurich, 2017 Dedicated to my parents, especially to the memory of my wonderful mother, Olga Butas, who always believed in me, immensely loved and supported me, and whose selfless kindness and love to others will always inspire me. ‘Somewhere, something incredible is waiting to be known.’ ~ Sharon Begley (1977) Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 The struggle for iron ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Iron limitation ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.2 Siderophores ........................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.3 Siderophore-independent iron-acquisition systems ................................................................ 7 1.2 Cooperation and cheating in microbes .......................................................................................... 8 1.3 Siderophore non-producers in nature .......................................................................................... 10 1.4 Bacteria and siderophores studied in this thesis .......................................................................... 10 1.4.1 Fluorescent pseudomonads and pyoverdine ......................................................................... 10 1.4.2 Pyoverdine production and diversity .................................................................................... 11 1.5 Aims of the thesis ........................................................................................................................ 12 Chapter 2. Project 1 ............................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Siderophore cheating and cheating resistance shape competition for iron in soil and freshwater Pseudomonas communities ............................................................................................................... 15 2.2 Supporting material ..................................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 3. Project 2 ............................................................................................................................... 40 3.1 Environmental determinants of pyoverdine production, exploitation and competition in natural Pseudomonas communities ............................................................................................................... 41 3.2 Supporting material ..................................................................................................................... 66 Chapter 4. Concluding discussion ......................................................................................................... 77 4.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 78 4.2 What does the ability or inability to use heterologous siderophores mean?................................ 80 4.2.1 Why does siderophore exploitation not necessarily lead to cheating? ................................. 80 4.2.2 The different roles of heterologous siderophore receptors ................................................... 80 4.2.3 Changing pyoverdine structure as a mechanism to resist cheating ...................................... 81 4.3. Diversity of microbial communities ........................................................................................... 83 4.3.1 Factors promoting and stabilizing diversification of bacterial communities ........................ 83 4.3.2 ‘Key-lock’ diversity ............................................................................................................. 84 4.3.3 Multiplicity of public-good interactions in natural communities ......................................... 85 4.4. How can siderophore producers and our knowledge on social evolution of siderophore production be applied? ...................................................................................................................... 85 4.4.1 Fighting plant pathogens ...................................................................................................... 86 4.4.2 Heavy-metal detoxification .................................................................................................. 87 4.4.3 Fighting human pathogens ................................................................................................... 88 References ............................................................................................................................................. 90 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................... 100 Summary Iron is a key growth-limiting factor for most bacteria. It is required for various essential cellular processes, like DNA biosynthesis and respiration. However, in nature iron is generally limited. To overcome iron limitation, many bacteria secrete siderophores, iron-scavenging molecules that have a high affinity for ferric iron. These molecules bind iron from the surrounding environment and are taken up by cells via specific membrane-embedded receptors. Siderophores are not only needed to acquire iron but also serve in competition with others: the secreted siderophores can lock iron away from competitors with incompatible receptors. Moreover, siderophores can be shared among individuals with compatible receptors. While cooperative siderophore sharing might be a beneficial strategy, it can also select for siderophore-negative strains with one or many receptors. Such non- producers can act as cheaters exploiting siderophores of others, which benefits cheaters but reduces the fitness of producers. Siderophore production and siderophore-mediated interactions have been extensively studied in laboratory conditions. However, we know only little about the determinants of siderophore production and their sociality in the complex bacterial communities in nature. The aim of my thesis was to bridge this gap in knowledge. I carried out two main projects: (i) project 1 mainly focuses on siderophore cooperation and cheating, and (ii) project 2 focuses on the environmental determinants of siderophore production and siderophore-mediated interactions. For this, I first isolated 930 Pseudomonas strains from 48 different soil and pond communities. I was interested in their main, high-affinity siderophore pyoverdine, whose structure can vary between different pseudomonads. Pyoverdine production has been extensively studied in laboratory conditions (especially in the opportunistic human pathogen P. aeruginosa) and has become a model example of bacterial cooperation. In the first project, using 315 isolates, I focused on pyoverdine production to study its exploitability among community members, the fitness consequences of the ability or inability to exploit heterologous pyoverdines, and the genetic basis of the observed pyoverdine-mediated interactions. I found that pyoverdine non-producers occur in many soil and pond communities. Some non-producers could act as cheaters on the producers secreting a compatible pyoverdine. Conversely, non-producers could also be inhibited by structurally different pyoverdines from other community members. The results of this project suggest that in nature there is both selection for cheating and resistance against cheating, which could drive antagonistic co-evolution and diversification in bacterial communities. In the second project, using all 930 isolates, I studied
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Computational Prediction and Character Ization of Genomic Islands: Insights Into Bacterial Pathogenicity
    COMPUTATIONAL PREDICTION AND CHARACTER IZATION OF GENOMIC ISLANDS: INSIGHTS INTO BACTERIAL PATHOGENICITY by Morgan Gavel Ira Langille B.Sc. University of New Brunswick, 2004 B.CS University of New Brunswick, 2004 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry © Morgan Gavel Ira Langille 2009 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Morgan Gavel Ira Langille Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Title of Thesis: Computational prediction and characterization of genomic islands: insights into bacterial pathogenicity Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Paul C.H. Li Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry ______________________________________ Dr. Fiona S.L. Brinkman Senior Supervisor Associate Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry ______________________________________ Dr. David L. Baillie Supervisor Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry ______________________________________ Dr. Frederic F. Pio Supervisor Assistant Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry ______________________________________ Dr. Jack Chen Internal Examiner Associate Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry ______________________________________ Dr. Steven Hallam External Examiner Assistant Professor of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia Date Defended/Approved: Thursday April 16, 2009 ii Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users.
    [Show full text]
  • Pyoverdine Production in the Pathogen Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: a Study on Cooperative Interactions Among Individuals and Its Role for Virulence
    Ludwig-Maximilans-Universtiät München Pyoverdine production in the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a study on cooperative interactions among individuals and its role for virulence Dissertation der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München vorgelegt von Michael Weigert aus Straubing April 2017 Gutachter: 1. Prof. Kirsten Jung 2. Prof. Kai Papenfort Tag der Abgabe: 03.04.2017 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 09.06.2017 I Contents ContentsII 1 PrefaceV 1.1 Eidesstattliche Erklärung/Statutory Declaration . .V 1.2 Publications and Manuscripts Originating From this Thesis . .VI 1.3 Contributions to Publications and Manuscripts Presented in this Thesis . VII 1.4 Abbreviations . .IX 1.5 Summary . 10 1.6 Zusammenfassung . 12 2 Introduction 15 2.1 Cooperation in Bacteria . 16 2.1.1 Bacterial Cooperation and the Problem of Cheating . 17 2.2 Quorum Sensing . 18 2.3 Siderophores . 19 2.3.1 The Siderophores of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ........ 19 2.3.2 Pyoverdine and Virulence . 20 2.3.3 Regulation of Pyoverdine-Expression . 22 2.4 New Approaches to Fight Multi-Drug-Resistant Pathogens . 24 2.4.1 The Problem of Antibiotic Resistance . 24 2.4.2 Anti-Virulence Treatments . 26 II 2.4.3 The Evolution of Resistance to Anti-Virulence Treatments 29 2.5 Evolution Proof Drugs . 30 2.5.1 Targeting a Secreted Virulence Factor . 31 2.5.2 Targeting a Cooperatively Shared Virulence Factor . 32 2.6 Aims of this Thesis . 32 3 Gallium-Mediated Siderophore Quenching as an Evolutionarily Ro- bust Antibacterial Treatment 35 3.1 Supporting Material . 48 4 Manipulating Virulence Factor Availability Can Have Complex Con- sequences for Infections 51 4.1 Supporting Material .
    [Show full text]
  • Regulation of Pyoverdine Biosynthesis in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
    Regulation of Pyoverdine Biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Allison J. Meldrum A thesis submitted to the Department of Microbiology and Immunology in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada April1999 National Libmry Bibliothèque nationale u*m of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington Ottawa ON KlA ON4 Ottawa ON KIA ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thése sous paper or electronic formats. la foxme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neitter the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. ABSTRACT Pseudomonus aeruginosa can acquire iron by internalizing ferric- pyoverdine via its outer membrane receptor, FpvA Loss of FpvA in P. aeruginosa reduces the amount of pyoverdine produced relative to a wild-type strain, suggesting a positive role for FpvA in pyoverdine biosynthesis. Transcriptional analysis of genes found in the loci that encode the proteins required for biosynthesis of the peptide moiety of pyoverdine, pvdD.
    [Show full text]
  • Interspecies Competition Triggers Virulence and Mutability in Candida Albicans–Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Mixed Biofilms
    The ISME Journal (2014) 8, 1974–1988 & 2014 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved 1751-7362/14 www.nature.com/ismej ORIGINAL ARTICLE Interspecies competition triggers virulence and mutability in Candida albicans–Pseudomonas aeruginosa mixed biofilms Abigail Trejo-Herna´ndez1, Andre´s Andrade-Domı´nguez1, Magdalena Herna´ndez and Sergio Encarnacio´n Centro de Ciencias Geno´micas, Universidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xico, Cuernavaca, Me´xico Inter-kingdom and interspecies interactions are ubiquitous in nature and are important for the survival of species and ecological balance. The investigation of microbe-microbe interactions is essential for understanding the in vivo activities of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Candida albicans, a polymorphic fungus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium, are two opportunistic pathogens that interact in various polymicrobial infections in humans. To determine how P. aeruginosa affects the physiology of C. albicans and vice versa,we compared the proteomes of each species in mixed biofilms versus single-species biofilms. In addition, extracellular proteins were analyzed. We observed that, in mixed biofilms, both species showed differential expression of virulence proteins, multidrug resistance-associated proteins, proteases and cell defense, stress and iron-regulated proteins. Furthermore, in mixed biofilms, both species displayed an increase in mutability compared with monospecific biofilms. This character- istic was correlated with the downregulation of enzymes conferring protection against DNA oxidation. In mixed biofilms, P. aeruginosa regulates its production of various molecules involved in quorum sensing and induces the production of virulence factors (pyoverdine, rhamnolipids and pyocyanin), which are major contributors to the ability of this bacterium to cause disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Products and the Gene Cluster Revolution
    UC San Diego UC San Diego Previously Published Works Title Natural Products and the Gene Cluster Revolution. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qf7q9sc Journal Trends in microbiology, 24(12) ISSN 0966-842X Author Jensen, Paul R Publication Date 2016-12-01 DOI 10.1016/j.tim.2016.07.006 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California TIMI 1360 No. of Pages 10 Review Natural Products and the Gene Cluster Revolution Paul R. Jensen1,* Genome sequencing has created unprecedented opportunities for natural- Trends product discovery and new insight into the diversity and distributions of natu- Genome sequencing is providing ral-product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). These gene collectives are highly unprecedented opportunities to evolved for horizontal exchange, thus providing immediate opportunities to test explore the diversity and distributions the effects of small molecules on fitness. The marine actinomycete genus of natural-product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) among bacteria. Salinispora maintains extraordinary levels of BGC diversity and has become a useful model for studies of secondary metabolism. Most Salinispora BGCs are Genomic surveys reveal extensive BGC diversity among closely related observed infrequently, resulting in high population-level diversity while con- strains, suggesting a strategy to max- forming to constraints associated with maximum genome size. Comparative imize the population-level secondary genomics is providing a mechanism to assess secondary metabolism in the metabolome while minimizing the num- fi ber of gene clusters carried by any one context of evolution and evidence that some products represent ecotype-de n- strain. ing traits while others appear selectively neutral.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterisation of the ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Of
    Characterisation Of The ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Victoria Grace Pederick Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide October 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................... V DECLARATION .................................................................................................................... VII COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ................................................................................................ VIII ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................. IX TABLE OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. XII TABLE OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... XIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... XV CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ........................................................................................... 1 1.1.1. P. aeruginosa and human disease ......................................................................... 1 1.1.1.1. Cystic
    [Show full text]
  • Arginine Biosynthesis Modulates Pyoverdine Production and Release in Pseudomonas Putida As Part of the Mechanism of Adaptation to Oxidative Stress
    RESEARCH ARTICLE crossm Arginine Biosynthesis Modulates Pyoverdine Production and Release in Pseudomonas putida as Part of the Mechanism of Adaptation to Oxidative Stress Laura Barrientos-Moreno,a María Antonia Molina-Henares,a Marta Pastor-García,a María Isabel Ramos-González,a a Manuel Espinosa-Urgel Downloaded from aDepartment of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain ABSTRACT Iron is essential for most life forms. Under iron-limiting conditions, many bacteria produce and release siderophores—molecules with high affinity for iron—which are then transported into the cell in their iron-bound form, allowing in- corporation of the metal into a wide range of cellular processes. However, free iron can also be a source of reactive oxygen species that cause DNA, protein, and lipid http://jb.asm.org/ damage. Not surprisingly, iron capture is finely regulated and linked to oxidative- stress responses. Here, we provide evidence indicating that in the plant-beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440, the amino acid L-arginine is a metabolic con- nector between iron capture and oxidative stress. Mutants defective in arginine bio- synthesis show reduced production and release of the siderophore pyoverdine and altered expression of certain pyoverdine-related genes, resulting in higher sensitivity to iron limitation. Although the amino acid is not part of the siderophore side chain, on May 25, 2020 by guest addition of exogenous L-arginine restores pyoverdine release in the mutants, and in- creased pyoverdine production is observed in the presence of polyamines (agmatine and spermidine), of which arginine is a precursor. Spermidine also has a protective role against hydrogen peroxide in P.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Sciences
    News 3/2014 Life Sciences E. G. Armitage, Universidad CED San Pablo Centre M. Asif, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, R. G. Bailey, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO, for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Boadilla del Canada; M. Iqbal, National Agricultural Research USA Monte, Spain; H. L. Kotze, University of Manchester Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; H. Randhawa, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester, Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada; Ecoregions UK; K. J. Williams, University of Manchester D. Spaner, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, The Ecosystem Geography of the Oceans and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK Canada Continents Correlation-based network Managing and Breeding Wheat Global warming and human-driven impacts analysis of cancer metabolism for Organic Systems are changing the World’s ecological zones. This book applies the principles described in Bailey’s A new systems biology approach in Enhancing Competitiveness Against Weeds Ecosystem Geography: From Ecoregions to Sites, metabolomics Genetically uniform cultivars in many self-polli- 2nd ed. (Springer 2009, 1st ed. 1996) to describe and characterize the major terrestrial and aquatic With the rise of systems biology as an approach nated cereal crops dominate commercial produc- ecological zones of the Earth. in biochemistry research, using high throughput tion in high-input environments especially due techniques such as mass spectrometry to generate to their high grain yields and wide geographical Features metabolic profiles of
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Combinatorial Biosynthesis of Pyrrolamide Antibiotics in Streptomyces Celine Aubry
    Towards combinatorial biosynthesis of pyrrolamide antibiotics in Streptomyces Celine Aubry To cite this version: Celine Aubry. Towards combinatorial biosynthesis of pyrrolamide antibiotics in Streptomyces. Bio- chemistry [q-bio.BM]. Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), 2019. English. NNT : 2019SACLS245. tel-02955510 HAL Id: tel-02955510 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02955510 Submitted on 2 Oct 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Towards combinatorial biosynthesis of pyrrolamide antibiotics in Streptomyces Thèse de doctorat de l'Université Paris-Saclay préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud École doctorale n°577 Structure et Dynamique des Systèmes Vivants (SDSV) Spécialité de doctorat : Sciences de la vie et de la Santé Thèse présentée et soutenue à Orsay, le 30/09/19, par Céline AUBRY Composition du Jury : Matthieu Jules Professeur, Agroparistech (MICALIS) Président du Jury Yanyan Li Chargée de recherche, MNHN (MCAM) Rapportrice Stéphane Cociancich Chercheur, CIRAD (BGPI) Rapporteur Annick Méjean Professeure, Université Paris-Diderot (LIED) Examinatrice Hasna Boubakri Maitre de conférences, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I (Ecologie microbienne) Examinatrice Sylvie Lautru Chargée de recherche, CNRS (I2BC) Directrice de thèse Acknowledgements J’ai insisté pour rédiger l’ensemble de ma thèse en anglais.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Characterization of Multiple Pyoverdines Secreted by Two Pseudomonas Strains Using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolut
    Anal Bioanal Chem (2015) 407:4629–4638 DOI 10.1007/s00216-015-8659-5 RESEARCH PAPER Structural characterization of multiple pyoverdines secreted by two Pseudomonas strains using liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry with varying dissociation energies Hua Wei1 & Ludmilla Aristilde1 Received: 4 February 2015 /Revised: 23 March 2015 /Accepted: 24 March 2015 /Published online: 21 April 2015 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 Abstract High-affinity iron (Fe)-scavenging molecules, or the PVDs. For P. fluorescens, two of the PVDs had the same siderophores, are secreted by microorganisms to acquire and peptide chain of 13 amino acids, Ala-Lys-Gly-Gly-Ala- compete for Fe. Pyoverdine (PVD), the primary siderophore OHAsp-Gly-Ser-Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala-cOHOrn, whereas a third produced by Pseudomonas, consists of a dihydroxyquinoline- PVD had a Ser substituting for the first Ala. The side chain type chromophore, a peptide chain of variable length and con- of the PVDs was either succinic acid or succinamide. The formation, and a side chain composed of a dicarboxylic acid present approach can be employed for simultaneous structural or its monoamide derivative. Elucidation of the PVD struc- characterization of several peptidic siderophores and related tures secreted by different Pseudomonas strains is an impor- molecules in bacterial secretions. tant step toward understanding their Fe-transport strategies. In this study, we characterized multiple PVDs secreted by Keywords Siderophore . Peptide . UHPLC . HR/AM Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Pseudomonas fluorescens RA12 using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution quadrupole-orbitrap tandem Introduction mass spectrometry. To avoid purification steps prior to char- acterizing the bacterial supernatants, PVD candidates were Pseudomonas, a genus of aerobic gram-negative bacteria that identified by extracting fragments of the dihydroxyquinoline are ubiquitous in natural soils and waters, are well known for component from the chromatographic peaks.
    [Show full text]
  • Pyoverdines-Fe Complex (P8374)
    Pyoverdines–Fe Complex from Pseudomonas fluorescens Catalog Number P8374 Storage Temperature –20 °C CAS RN 8062-00-8 (for pyoverdines) Pyoverdines are not only iron chelators. The Synonym: Pseudobactins ferri-pyoverdine complex acts as a signaling molecule inducing the production of secreted virulence factors in Product Description Pseudomonas aeruginosa.4 Pyoverdines are able to The product is a mixture containing primarily the prevent iron toxicity produced by iron overload in following forms of pyoverdines with one iron ion bound hepatocyte cultures5 and effectively scavenge hydroxyl per molecule:1 succinic acid (MW = 1161, without iron) and peroxyl radicals.6 Pyoverdines are also effective at and succinamide (MW = 1160, without iron). The acquiring iron from transferrin and lactoferrin.3 This 2-hydroxyglutaramide (MW = 1190, without iron) form is siderophore is also involved in the suppression of a minor component. pythium induced damping-off of tomato7 and promotion of growth in some higher-plants.8 As opposed to Purity: >90% (HPLC) ferri-pyoverdines, which promote the growth of both P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa in minimal medium, Pyoverdines, also called pseudobactins, are fluorescent gallium-pyoverdines act as growth inhibitors of both siderophores that have high-affinity for iron(III) ions strains,9 possibly due to gallium interference with (1032 M-1) and are synthesized by fluorescent bacterial iron metabolism.10 pseudomonads under iron-deficient growth conditions.1 They are composed of three different structural parts: a Precautions and Disclaimer dihydroxyquinoline chromophore, which confers color This product is for R&D use only, not for drug, and fluorescence; a side chain, generally a dicarboxylic household, or other uses.
    [Show full text]
  • Ferric-Pyoverdine Recognition by Fpv Outer Membrane Proteins of Pseudomonas Protegens Pf-5
    Ferric-Pyoverdine Recognition by Fpv Outer Membrane Proteins of Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 Sierra L. Hartney,a* Sylvie Mazurier,b Maëva K. Girard,c Samina Mehnaz,d Edward W. Davis II,e Harald Gross,c* Philippe Lemanceau,b Joyce E. Lopera,e Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USAa; INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Dijon, Franceb; Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germanyc; Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistand; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, USAe Downloaded from The soil bacterium Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 (previously called P. fluorescens Pf-5) produces two siderophores, enantio-pyo- chelin and a compound in the large and diverse pyoverdine family. Using high-resolution mass spectroscopy, we determined the structure of the pyoverdine produced by Pf-5. In addition to producing its own siderophores, Pf-5 also utilizes ferric complexes of some pyoverdines produced by other strains of Pseudomonas spp. as sources of iron. Previously, phylogenetic analysis of the 45 TonB-dependent outer membrane proteins in Pf-5 indicated that six are in a well-supported clade with ferric-pyoverdine re- ceptors (Fpvs) from other Pseudomonas spp. We used a combination of phylogenetics, bioinformatics, mutagenesis, pyoverdine structural determinations, and cross-feeding bioassays to assign specific ferric-pyoverdine substrates to each of the six Fpvs of Pf-5. We identified at least one ferric-pyoverdine that was taken up by each of the six Fpvs of Pf-5. Functional redundancy of the http://jb.asm.org/ Pf-5 Fpvs was also apparent, with some ferric-pyoverdines taken up by all mutants with a single Fpv deletion but not by a mutant having deletions in two of the Fpv-encoding genes.
    [Show full text]