THE ANALYSIS OF BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH VOWEL USED BY TOURIST AT BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

A THESIS

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requitments to Acquire Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Education Program of the Teacher Trining and Education Faculty Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo

Anggoro Nur Prasetyo 102120181

ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PURWOREJO 2014

i

MOTTO

 If we could first know where we are, and whither we are tending, we could better judge what to do, and how to do it. (Abraham Lincoln)

 Allah will not change the (good) condition of a people as long as they do not change themselves. (QS. Ar- Ra’du: 11)

 God will raise people who are faitful among you and people who are given some level knowledge. (QS. Al-Mujadalah: 4)

v

DEDICATION

Proudly, I would like to dedicated this thesis to:

1. Allah SWT “May love toward You never can be separated, I love You not only to hope Your heaven, but purely as form of an honest devotion, a pert whatever Your rewards.” 2. My Prophet Muhammad SAW, who was guided me in to the right ways of life.

3. My beloved father, and mother, who always give the best for their children. Thanks for your prayer and support.

4. My beloved brothers, thanks for support and all.

5. All my lecturers in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo.

6. All of my best friends, Thanks for your support, and all.

vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Alhamdulillah, praise be to Allah, the Almighty, the Merciful and the most

Beneficial. Without his blessing, the researcher would have never been able to finish his thesis entitled “The Analysis of English Vowel Used by Tourist at

Borobudur Temple” as a requirement for obtaining the Sarjana Pendidikan

Degree for the English Department of Purworejo Muhammadiyah University.

On the available occasion, the researcher would like to express his great gratitude to several people who participated in finishing this thesis. He extends his sincere gratitude and appreciations to:

1. Drs. H. Supriyono, M.Pd, The Rector of Muhammadiyah University of

Purworejo,

2. Drs. H .Hartono M.M , The Dean of FKIP of Muhammadiyah University of

Purworejo,

3. Semi Sukarni, M.Pd, the Head of English Department of Teacher Training

and Education Science Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of

Purworejo,

4. Dr. Sudar, M.Pd, as his thesis consultant, thanks for his understanding

patience, guidance, advise, ideas, corrections, and support for the thesis

accomplishment,

vii

ABSTRACT

Prasetyo, Anggoro Nur. 2014. The Analysis of English Vowel Used by Tourist at Borobudur Temple. English Department, The Faculty of Teacher Training and Educational Sciences, Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. Consultant: Dr. Sudar, M.Pd.

The researcher wants to find out how consistence the English Vowel used by the tourists at Borobudur temple who speak in English. The purpose of this research is describe the classification of English vowel used by the tourists at Borobudur temple who speak in English. Based on the result and its analysis, the researcher found that from all 6 native speaker,the first native speaker dominantly ( 65.62%) speak using BrE, The second native speaker dominantly ( 75%) speak using AmE, The third native speaker dominantly ( 56%) speak using BrE, The fourth native speaker dominantly ( 91%) speak using AmE, The fifth native speaker dominantly ( 87.5%) speak using BrE, and the last native speaker dominantly (84.85%) speak using BrE. The researcher hopes that the students get more activities namely speaking in learning English not only in school but also in their daily activity because it can improve their knowledge about English learning. Besides, The teacher hopefully can consider the linguistict aspect from the object of the research to be used as his teaching material. Student should do the exercise about affixes orally in class and the teacher should give them homework related to it.

Key words: Analysis, English Vowel, Tourist, Borobudur Temple

ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title ...... i

Approval Sheet ...... ii

Ratification Sheet ...... iii

Statement ...... iv

Motto ...... v

Dedication ...... vi

Acknowledgments ...... vii

Abstract ...... ix

Table of Contents ...... x

List of appendices ...... xii

Chapter I INTRODUCTION ...... 1

A. Background of Study ...... 1

B. Identification of the Problem ...... 3

C. Limitation of the Problem ...... 4

D. Formulation of the Problem...... 5

E. The Objective of the Study ...... 5

F. Significance of the Study ...... 6

Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ...... 7

A. Pronunciation ...... 7

1. Definition of Pronunciation ...... 7

x

2. American snd British English ...... 13

3. Differences Pronunciation Between AmE & BrE...... 18

4. Differences in Vowel Pronunciation ...... 23

B. Borobudur Temple ...... 34

C. Tourist ...... 34

Chapter III RESEARCH METHOD ...... 35

A. Object of the Research ...... 35

B. Unit of Analysis ...... 35

C. Type of the Research ...... 35

D. Method of Collecting Data ...... 36

E. Technique of Data Analysis ...... 36

F. Data Source ...... 36

Chapter IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ...... 38

A. Research Finding ...... 38

C. Discussion ...... 77

Chapter V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION ...... 92

A. Conclusion ...... 92

B. Suggestions ...... 92

REFERENCE

APPENDICES

xi

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study.

Language is the basic skill that is needed for real communication

among people. By using language, we are able to express our ideas and feeling.

In Indonesia, English is learned by the students as a foreign language. English

must be taught as early as possible because it is an important subject from

kindergarten until the university. For us as a learners, English is very important

to be learnt. Especially with pronunciation, we are expected to be able to

mastery in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

The English language was first introduced to the Americas by British

colonization, beginning in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. Similarly, the language

spread to numerous other parts of the world as a result of British trade and

colonization elsewhere and the spread of the former British Empire, which, by

1921, held sway over a population of 470–570 million people, approximately a

quarter of the world's population at that time.

Although spoken American and British English are generally mutually

intelligible, there are occasional differences which might cause

embarrassment—for example, in American English a rubber is usually

interpreted as a condom rather than an eraser and a British fanny refers to the

1

2

female pubic area, while the American fanny refers to an arse (US) or an ass

(UK).

In English, pronunciation has very important part to be used. One of the

problems faced by the student who is learning English is a pronunciation. The

different ways in pronunciation sometimes becomes a problem to many English

learners. The diversity among students occurs due to different capability of their

teacher in pronouncing every single word. Moreover, there are teachers who did

not understand the way they have to pronounce word in English correctly.

Students of senior high school need proper technique in a way teaching

pronunciation to build a strong foundation on the way recognizing correct

pronunciation

Pronunciation plays a good role in second language teaching-learning

activities. It is a good thing in life because it is a factor of great importance in

the individual development and the most important activity. It is needed in every

level of field of communication. Particularly in cases when made a conversation

each other.

Pronunciation is one of the most important parts of English to

communicate with others since there are differences between the symbol and its

sounds. When we communicate with other people we should not only have a

good vocabulary but also we should have good pronunciation. Therefore, it is

important to teach pronunciation. Harmer ( 2000: 183 ) said for all these people,

3

being made aware of pronunciation issues will be of immense benefit not only to

their own production but also to their own understanding of spoken English.

Consequently, pronunciation plays an important role and becomes a

daily necessity for every person who wants to acquire whatever information

he/she needs. For students, having a high ability in pronunciation is the most

important skill in school subjects and may be necessary to pass the examination

to enter the university, especially for them who want to continue their study in

the English Language Education Department.

Based on those problems, the researcher is interested in conducting

research entitled: The Analysis of British And American English Vowel Used by

Tourist at Borobudur Temple.

B. Identification of the Problem

Mastering English orally is very important for every learner. The

learners will get some problems. Therefore, they should be able to solve

problems in his English learning. It is absolutely important for every student to

master the correct pronunciation. It is possible that every student will get

difficulties with the English pronunciation.

Knowing the differences between American and British English may

improve the ability of speaking itself. So, the researcher chooses the topic in this

study because he believes that students have problem in clasifying the English

pronunciation, although they are English Department students. Besides, the

4

subject in this study is very interesting to investigate, since there is no empirical

data at English Education Program of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo.

.

One of the main difficulties for non-native students may face when they

are learning English pronunciation. Like many other languages spoken in such a

vast territory and by so many people, spoken English presents wide variation in

pronunciation. In spite of that wide variation, three standard pronunciations are

distinguished:

1. The Received Pronunciation, also called Oxford English or BBC English, is

the standard pronunciation of British English;

2. The General American is the accent considered as standard in North America,

and as such it is the pronunciation heard in most of American films, TV

series, and national news;

3. The General Australian is the English spoken in Australia. However, this

three main accents should be interpreted as broad categories, for the English

language has a great and rich diversity of varieties.

Many students are confused as to appreciate the difference between

accents, and they often speak with a mixed of accents perplexing somewhat a

native speaker. The purpose of this article is to study the main differences

between British English, as represented by Received Pronunciation (RP), and

American English, as represented by General American (GA). This study should

help students to correct their pronunciation, be consistent with their accent, and

5

acquire a new pronunciation with fewer traces of their native language. Although

our standpoint here is primarily phonetic, British and American English have also

been studied from a social and historical standpoint.

C. Limitation of the Problem

In this research, the researcher will not investigate all the tourist in

Indonesia, but the researcher limits his investigation on the tourists at Borobudur

temple only in order that the researcher can manage his researh well. The

researcher just focuses on classifying the AE and BE pronunciation.

D. Formulation of the Problem

The statement of the problem can be formulated into the general

question:

1. How consistent is the English Vowel used by the tourists at Borobudur temple

who speak in English ?

2. What kind of English Vowel dominantly used by the tourists at Borobudur

temple who speak in English?

E. Objective of the Study

Based on the statement of the problem above, the objectives of the study

are:

1. To describe how consistent the English Vowel used by the tourists at

Borobudur temple who speak in English.

6

2. To describe the classification of English Vowel dominantly used by the tourists

at Borobudur temple who speak in English.

F. Significance of the Study

It is very expected that this research is very useful and gives good

contribution to everybody related to English education. There are some

expectations to be echieved from this present study:

1. For the teacher

This study is expected to contribute some materials in their subject for

example Vocabulary and Speaking.

2. For the students

By conducting this research, the researcher can help the English language

learning to contribute in giving some views to understand about American and

British English and the student will know about the function of tenses itself.

3. For the researcher

This research can be used as a reference by other researchers.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Pronunciation

1. Definition of Pronunciation

Kelly (2001:1) says phonemes are the different sound within

language. Although there are slight differences in how individuals

articulate sounds, we can still describe reasonably accurately how each

sound produced. Phonetics is concerned with how sounds are produced,

transmitted and perceived (we will only look at the production of sounds).

Phonology is concerned with how sounds function in relation to each other

in a language.

In other words, phonetics is about sounds of language, phonology

about sound systems of language. Phonetics is a descriptive too necessary

to the study of the phonological aspects of a language. As phonetics and

phonology both deal with sounds, and as English spelling and English

pronunciation are two very different things, it is important that you keep in

mind that we are not interested in letters here, but in sounds. For instance,

English has not 5 or 6 but 20 different vowels, even if these vowels are all

written by different combinations of 6 different letters, "a, e, i, o, u, y".

7

8

a) Vowel

Ramelan (2010:51) stated that any speech sound that has these

basic features, namely oral, voiced, central, free air passage, continuous

airstream, is a vowel sound.

Kelly (2001:29) says English speakers generally use twelve

pure vowels and eight diphthongs. There are /i:/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/, /u:/, /e/, /ə/, /

ʒ:/, /ͻ:/,/æ/, /ʌ/, /ɑ:/, /ɒ/.

1) Close Vowels

For close vowels the tongue is quite high in the mouth.

Moving from /i:/ through to /u:/, we also notice the different

positions of the tongue, /i:/ is a front vowel, and /u:/ is a back vowel.

There are close vowels:

/i:/ Example : (bead, key, and cheese)

/ɪ/ Example : (hit, sausage, biggest)

/ʊ/ Example : (book, good, woman)

/u:/ Example : ( food, rude, true)

2) Mid Vowels

For mid vowels the tongue is neither high nor low in the

mouth. Moving from /e/ through to /ͻ:/, we also notice the different

positions of the tongue; /e/ is a front vowel, and /ͻ:/ is a back

vowel.

/e/ Example : ( egg, left, said)

/ə/ Example : ( about, paper, banana)

9

/ə:/ Example : ( shirt, her, word)

/ͻ:/ Example : ( fork, call, bought)

3) Open vowels

For open vowels, the tongue is low in the mouth. Moving

from /æ/ through to /ɒ/, we also notice the different positions of the

tongue; /æ/ is affront vowel, and /ɒ/ is a back vowel.

/æ/ Example : ( hat, attack, antique)

/ʌ/ Example : ( run, uncle, front)

/ɑ:/ Example : (far, half, class)

/ɒ/ Example : ( dog, often, want).

b) Diphthongs

According to Ramelan (2010:81), A diphtong is a kind of

vowel sound with a special feature, that is there is a deliberate glide

made from one vowel position to another vowel position, and which is

produced in one syllable.

Kelly (2001:32), a crude definition of a diphthong might be a

combination of vowel sounds’. A slightly closer analysis shows us that

there is a glide (or movement of the tongue, lips, and jaw) from one

pure vowel sound to another. English is usually described as having

eight diphthongs, and they can usefully group in the following way:

1) Centering diphthongs

Example: Hearing /iə/, Pure /uə/, There /eə/.

2) Closing diphthongs

10

Examples: Grey /ei/, Toy /ͻi/, Mighty /ai/, Go /əu/, Now

/au/.

List of English Phonemes:

Adopted from Kelly (2001: 2)

c) Consonants

According to Ramelan (2010:51), speech sounds that do not

have these features, (namely oral, voiced, central, free air passage,

continuous airstream) all at once are consonants.

Kelly (2001:47) Consonants are often classified by being

given a so-called VPM-label. VPM stands for Voicing, Place and

Manner:

1) Bilabial

Examples are [p], which is voiceless, as in pay or [b] and

[m] which are voiced, as in bay, may.

2) Labiodental

Examples are [f] safe (voiceless) and [v] save (voiced).

11

3) Dental

Examples are [θ] oath (voiceless) and [δ] clothe (voiced).

4) Alveolar

Examples are [ t,s ] too, sue, both voiceless, and [d,z,n,l,r ]

do, zoo, nook, look, rook, all voiced.

5) Palato-alveolar

Examples [ʃ,ʧ] pressure, batch (voiceless) and [Ʒ,ʤ]

pleasure, badge (voiced).

6) Palatal

The only palatal sound in English is [ j ] as in yes, yellow,

beauty, new and it is voiced.

7) Velar

Examples [k] back, voiceless, and [g, ŋ] both voiced bag,

bang. [w] is a velar which is accompanied with lip rounding.

8) Glottal

Example : [h] as in high.

9) Plosives

Plosives may be bilabial [p,b] park, bark, alveolar [t,d] tar,

dark or velar [k,g] car, guard.

10) Fricatives

Fricatives may be labiodental [f,v] wife, wives, dental

[θ,δ] breath, breathe, alveolar [s,z] sink, zinc, palato-alveolar [ʃ,Ʒ]

nation, evasion, or glottal [h] help. [h] is a glottal fricative.

12

A distinction may be made between sibilant and non-

sibilant fricatives. Sibilant sounds are the fricatives with a clear

"hissing" noise, [s,z,ʃ,Ʒ] and the two affricates [ʧ, ʤ] choke, joke.

11) Affricates

The two English affricates are both palate alveolar, [ʧ]

which is voiceless, chin, rich, and [ʤ] which is voiced, gin, ridge.

12) Nasal

The three English nasals are all voiced, and [m] is bilabial,

ram, [n] is alveolar, ran, and [ŋ] velar, rang.

13) Laterals

There is only one lateral in English, a voiced alveolar

lateral. It occurs in two versions, the so-called "clear" before

vowels, light, long, and the "dark" in other cases, milk, ball. Words

like little, lateral have one of each type.

14) Approximants

English has three approximants, which are all voiced.

[j] example: use, youth.

[w] example: why, twin, square.

[r] only occurs before vowels in southern British English,

whereas other accents, e.g. Scottish, Irish, and most American

ones, also can have it after vowels.

13

Table of Consonant

Adopted from Kelly (2001:7)

2. American and British English

Hopkins (2002:3), American English is the form of English used in

the United States. It includes all English dialects used within the United

States of America. British English is the form of English used in the United

Kingdom. It includes all English dialects used within the United Kingdom.

Differences between American and British English include pronunciation,

grammar, vocabulary (lexis), spelling, punctuation, idioms, and formatting

of dates and numbers.

The Comparison Between AmE and BrE

American English British English Some words pronounced Some words pronounced differently Pronunciation differently in the in the languages are Methane, differences languages are Methane, Interpol Interpol

Spelling flavor,honor, flavour, honour, analyse,colour etc. differences analyze,color etc.

14

American English British English British English is the form of English American English is the used in the United Kingdom. It form of English used in includes all English dialects used the United States. It What is it? within the United Kingdom. It is also includes all English used in Ireland, Australia, New dialects used within the Zealand, Canada and other United States of America. Commonwealth regions

a. History of British vs American English

The English language was introduced to the Americans through

British colonization in the early 17th century and it spread to many parts

of the world because of the strength of the British empire. Over the years,

English spoken in the United States and in Britain started diverging from

each other in various aspects. This led to two dialects in the form of the

American English and the British English.

b. American vs British accent

Prior to the Revolutionary War and American independence from

the British in 1776, American and British accents were similar. Both

were rhotic i.e. speakers pronounced the letter R in hard. Since 1776, the

accents diverged but English accent in America has changed less

drastically than accents in Britain.

Towards the end of the 18th century, non-rhotic speech took off

in southern England, especially among the upper class; this "prestige"

non-rhotic speech was standardized, and has been spreading in Britain

ever since.

15

Most American accents, however, remained rhotic.

There are a few fascinating exceptions: New York and New

England accents became non-rhotic, perhaps because of the region's

British connections. Irish and Scottish accents, however, remained rhotic.

To be fair, both American and British English have several types

of accents and there is no one true American or British accent.

c. Differences in use of tenses

In British English the present perfect is used to express an action

that has occurred in the recent past that has an effect on the present

moment. For example: I've misplaced my pen. Can you help me find it?

In American English, the use of the past tense is also permissible: I

misplaced my pen. Can you help me find it? In British English, however,

using the past tense in this example would be considered incorrect.

Other differences involving the use of the present perfect in

British English and simple past in American English include the words

already, just and yet.

British English: I've just had food. Have you finished your

homework yet?

American English: I just had food. OR I've just had food.

I've already seen that film. OR I already saw that film.

d. Differences in Vocabulary

While some words may mean something in British English, the

same word might be something else in American English and vice versa.

16

For example, Athlete in British English is one who participates in track

and field events whereas Athlete in American English is one who

participates in sports in general.

Rubber in British English: tool to erase pencil markings.

Rubber in American English: condom.

There are also some words like AC, Airplane, bro, catsup, cell

phone etc. which are common in American English and not used very

often in British English. Some words widely used in British English and

seldom in American English are advert, anti clockwise, barrister, cat's

eye.

e. Differences in Spelling

There are many words that are spelt differently in both forms of

English. Some examples are:

American English spelling British English spelling color colour fulfill fulfil center centre analyze analyse aging ageing dialog dialogue anesthesia, anaesthesia A majority of the spelling differences between American and

British English fall into the following categories:

1) Latin-derived spellings

a) -our (British) and -or (American). e.g. colour vs color

b) -re (British) and -er (American). e.g. centre vs center

17

c) -ce (British) and -se (American). e.g. defence vs defense

2) Greek-derived spellings

a) -ise (British) and -ize (American). e.g. centralise vs centralize

b) -yse (British) and -yze (American). e.g. analyse vs analyze

c) -ogue (British) and -og (American). e.g. dialogue vs dialog

d) Simplification of ae and oe in American English. e.g. gynaecology

vs gynecology

f. Differences in the use of Prepositions

There are also a few differences between British and American

English in the use of prepositions. For example: While the British would

play in a team, Americans would play on a team. Another example:

While the British would go out at the weekend, Americans would go out

on the weekend.

g. Differences in Verb usage

American and British English may also use a base verb in

different manners. For example: For the verb " to dream", Americans

would use the past tense dreamed while the British would use dreamt in

past tense. The same applies to "learned" and "learnt". Another example

of differing past tense spellings for verbs in American and British

English is "forecast". Americans use forecast while the British would say

forecasted in simple past tense.

18

h. Differences in Pronunciation

Some words that are pronounced differently in American vs

British English are controversy, leisure, schedule etc. There are also

some words like Ax (Axe in British) and Defense (Defence in British)

which have the same pronunciation but different spellings in both

languages.

i. Time telling in British vs American English

Both languages have a slightly different structure of telling the

time. While the British would say quarter past ten to denote 10:15, it is

not uncommon in America to say quarter after or even a quarter after

ten.

Thirty minutes after the hour is commonly called half past in both

languages. Americans always write digital times with a colon, thus 6:00,

whereas Britons often use a point, 6.00.

3. Differences Pronunciation Between American and British English

English Phonetics. Phonetic transcriptions will be enclosed in

square brackets and letter names will be in Roman typeface.

Returning to the main differences between British English and

American English, they can be summarized as follows.

a. The presence of rhotic accent.

b. Differences in vowel pronunciation. The most relevant ones are change

of diphthong [əʊ], change of [ɒ], change of [æ], and change of [ju:].

19

c. Differences in consonant pronunciation. This mainly involves the

different pronunciations of letter t.

d. Change of stress. This comprises the change of stress in French

loanwords, and certain suffixes such as -ate and -atory.

e. Differences in articulation. American English has a clear tendency to

pronounce unstressed syllables where British English does not show

such a disposition.

1) Rhotic Accent

The presence of the rhotic accent is one of the most

noticeable differences between British and American English.

Except for New York City and the area of Boston, American English

is rhotic. British English is largely non-rhotic, save for Scotland and

Ireland.

Rhotic accent refers to the manner letter r is pronounced

after a vowel within a syllable, as in words such as hard, borne, or

here. Sometimes, it is also called post-vocalic [r], or r-coloring, a

term highlighting the timbre features of the sound. In English, rhotic

accent is produced as a retroflex approximant. The following words

have rhotic accent: York, quarter, four, born, door, water, later,

hers, heard, hurt, university, were, birth, thirty, ear, nearly, air,

where.

Let us describe now how the rhotic accent, the retroflex

approximant, is produced. First, the tongue approaches the gum and

20

the tip is then curled back towards the roof of the mouth. This

movement makes the tongue to be pulled back in the mouth. This

accounts for the retroflexion part of the consonant. Furthermore, the

tip of the tongue does not touch the gum at all, and thus no friction is

caused. The vocal tract remains open throughout. This justifies the

term approximant; in other sounds, like the stop [d], the tongue

actually touches the gum. The phonetic symbol for the retroflex

approximant is [ɻ]. Apart from sound [ɻ], responsible for the rhotic

accent of American English, letter r can be pronounced in other two

ways.

a) As the alveolar approximant [ɹ]. Sound [ɹ] appears at

prevocalic positions in a syllable or syllable-clusters, as in red

[ɹed], camera [ˈkæməɹə], train [tɹeɪn], confrontation

[ˈkɑ:nfɹənˈteɪʃn], or program [ˈpɹoʊgɹæm].

b) As the alveolar flap [ɾ]. In American English, very often in

colloquial registers, sound [ɹ] at intervocalic position with the

stress on the first vowel is substituted by [ɾ], as in

parish[ˈpæɾɪʃ], or lurid[ˈlʊɾɪd]; however, notice that camera is

pronounced as [ˈkæməɹə] because the vowel before letter r is not

stressed. This alveolar flap also appears substituting an [ɹ] at

intervalic position between two words linked together in a

sentence. For example, the sentence One beer is enough is

21

pronounced as [wʌnˈbiəɾɪzɪˈnʌf]; notice the change from [ɹ] (or

[ɻ]) to [ɾ] in beer.

The alveolar flap [ɾ] only occurs in American English,

while the alveolar approximant [ɹ] is found in both accents.

For the sake of simplicity, we will use the symbol [r] for

the three allophones (variants) of letter r, and the rules drawn up

below will make the context unambiguous. In most dictionaries,

the three sounds are also indicated by [r]. For example, in the

Oxford English Dictionary we find hard[hɑ:d] and hard[hɑ:rd],

the former being the British version and the latter its American

counterpart.

Returning to rhotic accent, it can be found associated with the

following sounds:

a) Long vowels [ɑ:], [ɔ:], and [ɜ:], as in hard[hɑ:rd],

borne[hɔ:rn], and hurt[hɜ:rt], respectively.

b) After the short sound schwa [ə] in the comparative endings, as

in later[ˈleɪtər], or taller[ˈtɔ:lər].

c) Diphthongs ending by sound schwa [ɪə] and [eə], as in

here[hɪər], and there[∂eər], respectively.

d) The combination [jʊ], as in cure[kjʊr], or pure[pjʊr].

e) After the short sound [ʊ], as in poor[pʊr], moor[mʊr], or

boor[bʊr].

22

Furthermore, rhotic accent is produced according to the

following circumstances.

a) There is rhotic accent when a word is pronounced in isolation or

at the end of a prosodic break. For example, It was very hard.

b) The rhotic accent is lost when the letter r does not belong to the

same syllable. Compare water[ˈwɔ:təɻ] and watery[ˈwɔ:təɹi].

c) If within a prosodic unit the last syllable of a words ends by [ɻ]

and the next word begins by a vowel, then the rhotic consonant is

substituted by [ɹ] or [ɾ], depending on the particular accent. For

example, the sentence That water is cold is pronounced as

[∂ætˈwɔ:təɹɪzˈkoʊld]; notice the change from [ɻ] to [ɹ] in water.

It is documented that up to 1776, when the American

Revolution broke out, there was no such thing as British and

American accents. Both were indistinguishable, as attested to by the

following paragraph from Algeo (2001: 71).

“Received Pronunciation developed at the end of the

eighteenth century, during the period of the American Revolution. At

that time there was no pronunciation by which people in America

could be distinguished from people in England. In the impressment

controversies of the 1790s, naval officers on both sides found it so

difficult to tell whether sailors were British or American that the

American government considered providing certificates of

citizenship.”

23

Towards the end of 18th century the upper classes of

Southern England started to remove the rhotic accent as a way of

marking class distinction. Gradually, the new accent took off and

middle classes adopted it as well. Scotland and Ireland, where the

population was mainly composed of lower working classes, did not

take on the change of accent, and at the present time both remains

rhotic. In America there are two notable exceptions, namely, New

York and New England areas. It has been hypothesized that those

areas kept the non-rhotic accent because of their strong links with the

British.

4. Differences in Vowel Pronunciation

a. Change of Diphthong [əʊ] to [oʊ]

The shift from the British diphthong [əʊ] to [oʊ] is also very

distinguishing. The shift consisted in the change of the mid central

unrounded vowel [ə] to the close-mid back rounded vowel [o] in the

first vowel of the diphthong. This shift is considered to be systematic.

examples;

The Differences of Vowel

24

b. Change of Vowel [ɒ]

1) The Main Changes

Letter o is pronounced in many different ways in English.

Here we have a few illustrative examples of such diversity: Hot[hɒt]

in RP, but [hɑ:t] in GA; love[lʌv]; corn [kɔ:n] in RP, but [kɔ:rn] in

GA; continue[kənˈtɪnju:]; moon[mu:n]; coast[kəʊst] in RP, but

[koʊst] in GA; house[haʊs].

The so-called “short o”, which often appears in a stressed

syllable with one letter o such as in dog or model, underwent a

change in American English. In British English that sound is

pronounced as an open back rounded short sound [ɒ], as in hot[hɒt],

or possible [ˈpɒsəbl]. In American English it is pronounced either as

an open back unrounded long sound [ɑ:], as in hot[hɑ:t], or as an

open-mid back rounded long vowel [ɔ:], as in dog[dɔ:g]. Note that

British English prefers a short sound as opposed to American

English, which prefers a long sound in all cases. Table shows several

words in both pronunciations.

Table: Change of vowel [ɒ] to [ɑ:] and [ɔ:]

25

According to Wells (2000:91), in the areas of Eastern New

England, such as the Boston accent, and New York City this change

did not take place. This is coherent with the same theory explaining

why speakers of those areas are non-rhotic.

This change is framed in the context of the many vowel

transformations that occurred during the 17th and 18th centuries.

The change of vowel [ɒ] to vowels [ɑ:] and [ɔ:] took place because

of two phonological phenomena, namely, the father-bother merger

26

and the lot-cloth split. A split is when a once identical sound happens

to have a different pronunciation in some instances; usually both

sounds coexist. A merger is the opposite, two sound that had

formerly been contrastive become pronounced alike so they are no

longer considered different. A split can be viewed as the appearance

of a new sound and a merger as the disappearance of an existing

sound.

a) The father-bother merger. This merger is responsible for the

transformation of [ɒ] into [ɑ:]. Vowel [ɑ] underwent two main

changes: first, it was lengthened to [ɒ:], and later it lost its

roundedness becoming finally [ɑ:]. Roundedness is perhaps the

most distinctive difference between [ɒ] and [ɑ:] in daily speech

rather than vowel length. This change took off in all varieties of

American English, except for the areas of Eastern New England.

The merger was quite generalized and by the end of 19th century

was completely consolidated. Examples illustrating this merger

are bother[bɑ:∂ər], doss[dɑ:s], top[tɑ:p], lot[lɑ:t], model[mɑ:dl],

problem[prɑ:bləm], rock[rɑ:k], slot[slɑ:t].

b) The lot-cloth split. This split came about at the end of 17th

century. The sound [ɒ] was first lengthened to [ɒ:] and later raised

to [ɔ:]. In principle, the split took place before voiceless fricatives

[f], [ɵ], [s], but later it was extended to velars like [k], [g], and

27

[ɳ]. Thus, in GA we find loft[lɔ:ft], cloth[klɔ:ɵ], lost[lɔ:st],

chocolate[ʧɔ:klət], dog[d ɔ:g], and long[lɔ:ɳ] are pronounced as

[ɔ:], whereas in RP they are systematically pronounced as [ɒ].

There is a certain degree of overlap between both

phenomena. For example, it is possible to find words with two

pronunciations such as loft ([lɔ:ft] and [lɑ:ft]), chocolate ([ʧɔ:klət]

and [ʧɑ:klət]), or long ([lɔ:ɳ] and [lɑ:ɳ]). However, the father-bother

merger acted upon a larger number of words than the lot-cloth split

did. See and the references therein for further information on why

and how these phonological phenomena occurred.

2) Changes to [oʊ] and [ʌ]

The most frequent changes are from [ɒ] to [ɑ:] and [ɔ:].

However, in a very few cases vowel [ɒ] is changed to [oʊ] and [ʌ].

Here we have a list with the main examples.

a) Change to [oʊ]: homosexual[ˈhoʊməˈsekʃuəl]; in RP compost is

[ˈkɒmpɒst], but in GA it is [ˈkɑ:mpoʊst]. Other words are:

impost, pogrom (in the second syllable), produce (as noun),

provost, riposte, scone, shalom.

b) Change to [ʌ]: hovel, hover, therefrom, wasn’t.

c. Change of [æ]

Around the American Revolutionary War vowel [æ] started to

undergo a change in Southern English, the future seed of RP. This near-

28

open front unrounded vowel [æ] is first lengthened to [æ:] and later

lowered to the open back unrounded vowel [ɑ:]. However, the change did

not take off in GA, bringing about a new difference between both accents.

The change of vowel occurs under certain conditions, but it is

deemed to be inconsistent, as we will see in the examples below. Vowel

[æ] becomes vowel [ɑ:] in RP when:

1) Vowel [æ] is before sounds [s], [f], and [ɵ], as in pass, calf, and path.

2) Vowel [æ] is followed by another consonant, especially in the cases

such as [ns], [nt], [nʧ], and [mpl], as in dance, can’t, ranch, and sample.

3) The changes are not applied before other consonants, as in cat, pal, cab,

and drag.

Here we give some examples to illustrate the above rules as well as

a few exceptions.

1) Words pronounced with [æs] in GA but with [ɑ:s] in RP: brass, class,

glass, grass, pass, mast, past, master, plaster, clasp, grasp, gasp, mask,

task, ask, basket. Exceptions: crass, gas, lass, mass, astronaut, pastel.

2) Words pronounced with [æf] in GA with [ɑ:f] in RP:calf, graph,

giraffe, half, laugh, staff, after, craft, daft, draft, laughter, raft, shaft.

3) Words pronounced with [æɵ] in GA with [ɑ:ɵ] in RP: bath, lath, path.

Exceptions: hath, maths, athlete, decathlon.

4) Words pronounced with [ænt] in GA with [ɑ:nt] in RP: aunt, plant,

can’t, advantage. Exceptions: ant, banter, scant, mantle.

29

5) Words pronounced with [æmp] in GA with [ɑ:mp] in RP: sample,

example. Exceptions: trample, ample.

It has been conjectured that the more common a word is, the more

likely the change from [æ] to [ɑ:] is to occur.

d. Change from [ju:] to [u:]

Around the beginning of twentieth century several changes took

place in the English vowels. One of them was the so-called yod-dropping,

the omission of sound [j] before [u:]. The change is named after the

Hebrew letter yod, which represents the sound [j]. Both RP and GA

embraced the change, although GA extended the cases in which yod-

dropping was applied.

Yod-dropping before [u:] takes place in RP and GA in the

following cases.

1) After the post-alveolar affricates [ʧ] and [ʤ], as in chew[ʧu:],

juice[ʤu:s], and Jew[ʤu:s].

2) After [r], as in rude[ru:d], prude[pru:d], shrewd[ ʃru:d], and

extrude[ɪkˈstru:d].

3) After clusters formed by a consonant followed by [l], as in blue[blu:],

flu[flu:], and slew[slu:].

Apart from this common corpus of words, in GA as well as in

many other varieties of English we observe yod-dropping in further cases.

30

1) After [s] and [z], as in suit[su:t], Zeus[zu:s], assume[əˈsu:m], and

hirsute[ˈhɜ:rsu:t].

2) After [l], as in lute[lu:t], and pollute[pəˈlu:t].

3) Especially in GA, after [t], [d], and [n], as in tune[tu:n], stew[stu:],

student[ˈstu:dənt], dew[du:], duty[ˈdu:tɪ], produce[prəˈdu:s], and

new[nu:].

Notice that spellings eu, ue, ui, ew, and u followed by consonant

plus vowel frequently correspond to sounds [ju:], or just [u:] if yod-

dropping has taken effect. The lists above provide instances of this

observation.

e. Minor Changes

Other changes took place, but they were in most cases

inconsistent and without a clear phonological reason to happen.

1) Change of [ɪ] and [aɪ]

In some cases the pronunciation of lax vowel [ɪ] in RP

becomes other vowels, mainly diphthong [aɪ] and [ə] in the suffix -

ization.

a) For the change to [aɪ], here we have a few examples: dynasty,

privacy, simultaneously, vitamin.

b) In the suffix -ization, pronounced as [aɪˈzeɪʃn] in RP, the diphthong

[aɪ] is transformed into the unstressed and neutral vowel sound [ə],

resulting in the pronunciation [əˈzeɪʃn] in GA. Examples of this

31

change are: authorization, centralization, civilization, colonization,

dramatization, fertilization, globalization, hybridization,

legalization, localization, mobilization, modernization,

neutralization, normalization, optimization, organization,

privatization, specialization, synchronization, urbanization,

visualization.

2) Changes of [i:] and [e]

Sometimes, swaps between vowels [i:] and [e] are also found.

Here we have a few instances.

a) Change of [i:] in RP to [e] in GA: aesthetic, devolution, epoch,

evolution, febrile, predecessor.

b) Change of [e] in RP to [i:] in GA: cretin, depot, leisure, medieval,

zebra.

f. Differences in Consonant Pronunciation

3) Pronunciation of Letter t

In American English letter t is pronounced in six different ways:

a) As an aspirated sound [th], when it is the first sound of a word, as in

tempting[ˈthemptɪɳ], or in an inner and stressed position, as in

potential [pəˈthenʃl].

b) As an de-aspirated sound [t], when the syllable does not carry the

stress, as in the second t in tempting[ˈthemptɪɳ], or after [s] as in

stop[stɑ:p], or at the ends of syllables as in pet[pet], or patsy[ˈpætsi].

32

c) As a flapped sound [ɾ], the most distinguishing allophone, which

consists of pronouncing an alveolar flap instead of the plosive dental

[th] or de-aspirated [t]. This change occurs when t is at an

intervocalic position, the first vowel being stressed, as in

water[ˈwɔ:tər]. This phenomenon also applies when words are

linked together in a full prosodic unit, as in the sentence What is

this?[ˈwʌɾɪzˈ∂ɪz] when uttered it in colloquial register.

d) As a glottal stop [ʔ]. A glottal stop is a voiceless sound produced by

the obstruction of the airflow in the vocal tract. The glottis is the

organ that actually prevents the air from passing through the vocal

tract. The glottal stop substitutes the de-aspirated [t] sound at the end

of words, as in put[puʔ] or report[rɪˈpɔ:rʔ], and also in the presence

of a stressed syllable followed by patterns [t+vowel+n] or [tn], as in

button[ˈbʌʔn], or continent[ˈkɑ:nʔɪnənt].

e) As a glottalized stop [tʔ]. In a glottalized [tʔ] the stop [t] and the

glottal stop [ʔ] are produced at the same time. For its production, this

allophone follows the same rules as the glottal stop does. Example

where this sound can be found are mutton[ˈmʌtʔn], or

curtain[ˈkɜ:rtʔn].

f) The sound [t] could be completely omitted in some circumstances. In

the presence of the pattern formed by a stressed vowel followed by

33

[nt], sound [t] is not pronounced in some varieties of GA. Thus, we

can hear winter[ˈwɪnə] or center[ˈsenər].

Both GA and RP have aspirated and de-aspirated [t] sounds,

which, in a formal or simply careful enunciation, are the only two

sounds corresponding to stop [t]. In colloquial and other registers, the

other allophones may appear. In the RP the flap [t] is never used, but

instead it is pronounced as a de-aspirated [t] or as a glottalized [t].

Glottal stops are common in both varieties of English and follow

similar rules in general. The omission of the sound [t] in RP can also be

found.

g. Change of Stress

So far major differences in pronunciation between British and

American English have been described in terms of change of vowels and

consonants. The change of stress, although not being as marked, also

contributes to differentiate both accents. We will examine three areas

where worth mentioning differences are found, namely, the French

loanwords, the ending -ate, and the suffixes -ary, -ory, -berry, and -mony.

h. Changes in Articulation

There are some minor differences in articulation between British

and American English. These differences do not compromise mutual

understanding. American English is inclined to pronounce unstressed

syllables. quotes Bernard Shaw, who stated, “he could once recognize an

American because he accented the third syllable of necessary.” There is a

34

certain jocular intention in his comment -we could not expect less from

Shaw-, but it also acknowledges a fact about American English, the due

emphasis given to each syllable. Thus, we hear necessary[ˈnesəsəri] in RP,

but a more clearly articulated version in GA, necessary[ˈnesəseri], with

two stronger vowels in the same word.

B. Borobudur Temple

The Borobusur Temple is sonsidered as one of the seven wonders of

the world. This temple is located at borobudur District, South of Magelang,

Central Java, Indonesia.

Borobudur was built by Sanmaratungga in the 8th century, and

belongs to Buddha Mahayana. Borobudur was revealed by Sir Thomas

Stanford Raffles in 1814. The temple was found in ruined condition and was

buried.

The overall height was 42 meters, but was only 34,5 meters after

restoration, and had the dimension of 123 x 123 meters(15,129square neters).

There wwere 10 floors. The first floor was square up to the sixth floor, the

seventh to the tenth floor were round form. (http//www.borobudurpark.co.id

.(Accessed on August 4,2014 at 11.00 a.m)

C. Tourist

Tourist someone/everyone who visits a place for pleasure and interest,

usually while they are on holiday (Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary,

Third Edition.2003).

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS

In this chapter, the researcher will explain the research methods of this

thesis. They are object of the research, unit of analysis, type of research, method

of collecting data, technique of data analysis, and data source.

A. Object of the Research

The object of this study is the tourist at Borobudur Temple. The

researcher conducted this research of pronunciation in the discourse of tourist

at Borobudur Temple.

B. Unit of Analysis

The units of analysis in this research are the pronunciation and

utterances in the transcip of the tourist interview. The introductory of the

discourse as the sentences.

C. Type of Research

In this research the writer uses a descriptive qualitative research. It is

type of research which does not use any calculation or numbering. The writer

uses this type of research because the data produced are in the form of words.

The descriptive research is to describe or interpret the condition of situation

from the data by using tourist interview transcription at Borobudur Temple.

35

36

D. Method of Collecting Data

In collecting the data, the writer uses documentary methods.

Documentary method is the technique in getting the data about the cases or

variable as note, transcript, book, magazine and newspaper. By using transcript

method, the writer takes a transcript from the tourist interview recording at

Borobudur temple to be the data. The ways to collect the data are:

1. interviewing and recording the tourist,

2. transcripting the record,

3. Reading the transcript as the data, and

4. analyzing the data.

E. Technique of Data Analysis

In analyzing the data, this research applies descriptive method. In doing

the analysis, the writer goes through with the following steps:

1. Classify the data into American or British English

2. Describing the kinds of pronunciation toward the tourist interview recording

3. Describing the kinds of pronunciation used by the tourist at Borobudur

temple

4. Drawing the conclusion and suggestion based on the data analysis

F. Data Source

There are two kinds of sources in colecting data which are needed for

analysing the short story as follows:

37

1. Primary data

In this research, the data are taken from the recording itself. That

basic or main source of the data.

2. Supporting Data

The data of this kind include some information, which are taken

from other references out side the English vowel has being analysed, for

example, English dictionary and some books.

The data of the research is a text transcription of tourist interview

records at Borobudur temple. CHAPTER IV

RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter, the researcher would like to discuss about the results or the findings of the research. For the first, the researcher presents research finding and the second is discussion.

A. Research Finding

In this thesis the researcher tried to analized 6 native speakers. each

native speaker speak on their own way and pronunciation. The researcher

focussed only in finding the vowel pronunciation of each native speaker,

wether they use AErican or British English.

1. First Native Speaker

The first native speaker come from Switzerland. After listening the

record, here are the transcription of the first native speaker:

No. Transcription

1 charlotte,

2 sarah

3 i’m 26

4 yea..

5 here?just under?

6 we live in bali,actually from england

7 to work,we are english teachers

38

39

8 yeah.just 3 days.on sunday we go back to bali

9 i’m…around ….

10 yeah,in the hotel

11 just us together

12 in java just here,yesterday we’ve gone to borobudur

13 they loved it,because we can spend the holiday

14 quite different,some english words are used…

15 i like the culture

i think people here they care about their family so they can spend time

16 with their family,i think people here more relax

17 really…..hmmm….i like hot wheather…

18 not really,i think may be some foreigners do.. But i don’t

19 only….only little bit,some strange words…

20 i like sate,gado-gado,nasi goreng,bakso…

21 flying fox,reading,travelling around to visit places,

22 i like see another country side,so anywhere i really like it.

23 i don’t know where,we haven’t decided it yet,just look around

24 you’re welcome

This transcription consist of 341 words, and to make it easier to be

analyzed, the list of words is written in a table below :

No. Word No. Word No. Word No. Word 1 I’m 101 have 201 the 301 good 2 here 102 to 202 last 302 english. 40

3 for 103 accept 203 time 303 yes 4 travelling 104 every 204 I 304 All 5 I’m 105 culture 205 think 305 together? 6 travelling 106 for 206 there 306 okey. 7 around 107 my 207 was 307 your 8 for 108 family 208 really 308 wellcome 9 one 109 thinks? 209 really 309 Wait 10 month 110 i 210 special 310 i 11 I 111 think 211 about 311 have 12 just 112 they 212 Indonesia. 312 so 13 strarted 113 are 213 sadly 313 much 14 here 114 jealous 214 not 314 things 15 so 115 because 215 I 315 in 16 I 116 they 216 have 316 my 17 just 117 couldn’t 217 to 317 hand 18 arrived 118 go 218 learn 318 Thak 19 here 119 with 219 Someone 319 you, 20 yesterday 120 me 220 told 320 thanks, 21 And 121 And 221 me 321 see 22 I 122 i 222 yesterday 322 you, 23 will 123 know 223 how 323 thank 24 travel 124 it 224 was 324 you. 25 to 125 is 225 good 325 a sign? 26 east 126 good 226 morning 326 yes, 27 as 127 Everyone 227 but 327 about 28 well 128 just 228 actaully 328 Indonesia? 29 yes 129 have 229 forgot 329 yes, 30 It 130 a good 230 How 330 i 31 is 131 think 231 was 331 have 32 my 132 about 232 it 332 heard 33 first 133 Indonesia. 233 good 333 about 34 time 134 How 234 morning, 334 it 35 ok 135 Financing? 235 once 335 but 36 a job? 136 with 236 again? 336 i 37 I 137 my 237 ya.. 337 haven’t 38 want 138 money 238 ok, 338 see 39 to 139 I 239 it 339 it. 40 work 140 was 240 is 340 Probably 41 here? 141 working 241 a bit 341 tomorrow. 41

42 No, 142 and 242 difficult 43 it 143 now, 243 for 44 is 144 i 244 me. 45 just 145 spend 245 i 46 for 146 all 246 don’t 47 holiday 147 my 247 know 48 yes, 148 money 248 it 49 for 149 cAE 249 is 50 travelling 150 here 250 preety 51 I 151 alone, 251 similar 52 think 152 but 252 I 53 there 153 today 253 think 54 is 154 i 254 the 55 a big 155 will 255 letters 56 different 156 meet 256 are 57 Just 157 my 257 sAE, 58 like 158 two 258 so 59 classical 159 friends 259 that 60 relation 160 So, 260 are 61 the 161 no 261 preety 62 behaving 162 more 262 similar. 63 behavior 163 alone 263 I’m 64 the 164 in 264 from 65 climate 165 a few 265 Switzlerland. 66 I 166 hour. 266 yes, 67 think 167 Yes, 267 eropa. 68 it 168 i 268 yes, 69 is 169 have 269 i 70 really 170 alot 270 heard 71 funtastic 171 of 271 Indonesian 72 different 172 friends 272 is 73 between 173 They 273 you 74 the other 174 work 274 spell 75 I’m 175 here 275 it 76 thirty 176 They 276 how 77 thank 177 just 277 you 78 you 178 told 278 can 79 I’m 179 me 279 read 80 sorry 180 a good 280 it. 42

81 I 181 things 281 Is 82 think 182 they 282 that 83 I 183 alway 283 right? 84 don’t 184 told 284 and 85 understand. 185 me 285 that 86 no 186 that 286 is 87 I 187 they 287 not 88 don’t 188 are 288 in 89 get 189 really 289 English 90 angry 190 friendly 290 and 91 It 191 really 291 German 92 just 192 kind 292 as 93 the 193 Actually 293 welll 94 variaties 194 i 294 sometimes. 95 It 195 can’t 295 but 96 just 196 remember 296 you 97 different 197 about 297 are 98 culture 198 the 298 speaking 99 and 199 news 299 all 100 we 200 in 300 very

From all 341 words, the researcher found 64 words with different

British and AErican pronounciacion especially in pronouncing vowel sound.

Here are the list as follows:

No. Words BE AE 1 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 2 around /əˈraʊnd/ /əˈroʊnd/ 3 Here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 4 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 5 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 6 To /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 7 Ok /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 8 a job? /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ 9 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ 10 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 11 here? /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 43

12 No, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 13 Holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 14 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 15 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 16 the other /ˈʌð.ə r / /ˈoð.ə r / 17 Sorry /ˈsɒr.i/ /ˈsɔːr-/ 18 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 19 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 20 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 21 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 22 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ 23 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 24 know /nəʊ//noʊ/ 25 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ 26 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 27 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 28 alone, /əˈləʊn/ /-ˈloʊn/ 29 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 30 alone /əˈləʊn/ /-ˈloʊn/ 31 hour. /aʊə r / /aʊr/ 32 alot /lɒt/ /lɑːt/ 33 Here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 34 told /təʊld/ /toʊld/ 35 Always /ˈɔːl.weɪz/ /ˈɑːl-/ 36 told /təʊld/ /toʊld/ 37 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 38 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 39 can’t /kɑːnt/ /kænt/ 40 News /njuːz/ /nuːz/ 41 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 42 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ 43 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 44 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 45 Not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 46 To /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 47 told /təʊld/ /toʊld/ 48 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ 44

49 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ 50 again? /əˈgeɪn/ /-ˈgen/ 51 ok, /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 52 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 53 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 54 So /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 55 from /frɒm/ /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 56 eropa. /ˈjʊə.rəp/ /ˈjʊ-/ 57 Not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 58 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 59 All /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 60 okey. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 61 your /jɔː r //jə r / /jʊr/ 62 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 63 Probably /ˈprɒb.ə.bli/ /ˈprɑː.bə-/ 64 Tomorrow /təˈmɒr.əʊ/ /-ˈmɔːr.oʊ/

Formula: first native speaker:

The researcher finds only 64 words with difference vowel pronunciation from this category. : x 100 % = 20.65 %

From this research, the researcher finds that only 64 words (20.65 %) that have difference pronunciation spoken by the first native speaker.

2. The Second Native Speaker

The second native speaker come from United State. After listening the

record, here are the transcription of the second native speaker:

No. Transcription

1 Sorry?

2 Yeah, OK. 45

3 Well, but I don’t have much time. Go on.

4 I’m Carlos.

5 Pardon me?

6 To Indonesia?

7 I come to Indonesia for a job.

I need for my job. I work for United State. I don’t just visit Indonesia, but

8 another countries too. It’s so nice.

9 Very nice, there are many nice places, togetherness, it’s vice.

10 No, I haven’t it yet. I think they are respect.

11 Only terima kasih.

12 It’s so very different.

13 Indonesian food? When I tried it, I liked it. Like....

14 Gado-gado, it’s very nice.

Yeah, gado-gado. Indonesian food, there are many dishes, like

small...hemm..when I walk I saw it in arround street and we are going to

15 dinner.

16 Well, we stay in hotel. I don’t exactly the name, but it’s Indonesia name.

No, It’s not Garuda, It’s nor far from here. After that we are going to

17 Bandung. So, you studied English? In University?

18 That’s good.

19 back to Indonesia? May be, but I don’t know.

20 No. I was in Bali for two weeks ago. Maluku, hemm.... 46

21 Rajet?

22 Papua...hahaaa

23 Borobudur, Bali, and what kinds of it in here?

24 Barana?

25 So, what language do you speak?

26 Oh, so many. English too. So many stresses in English. Good.

27 Oh, yaa.

28 Can I take a picture?

39 Oh no, Very hot.

30 Cold?

31 Oww, lake?

32 OK.

33 Do you know Portuguese well—known?

34 You don’t know? Cristian Ronaldo.

This transcription consist of 219 words, and to make it easier to be

analyzed, the list of words is written in a table below :

No. Word No. Word No. Word 1 Sorry? 74 When 147 That’s 2 Yeah, 75 I 148 good. 3 OK. 76 tried 149 back 4 Well, 77 it, 150 to 5 but 78 I 151 Indonesia? 6 I 79 liked 152 May 7 don’t 80 it. 153 be, 8 have 81 Like.... 154 but 9 much 82 Gado-gado, 155 I 47

10 time. 83 it’s 156 don’t 11 Go 84 very 157 know. 12 on. 85 nice. 158 No. 13 I’m 86 Yeah, 159 I 14 Carlos. 87 gado-gado. 160 was 15 Pardon 88 Indonesian 161 in 16 me? 89 food, 162 Bali 17 To 90 there 163 for 18 Indonesia? 91 are 164 two 19 I 92 many 165 weeks 20 come 93 dishes, 166 ago. 21 to 94 like 167 Maluku 22 Indonesia 95 small 168 Rajet? 23 for 96 when 169 Papua... 24 a job. 97 I 170 Borobudur, 25 I 98 walk 171 Bali, 26 need 99 I 172 and 27 for 100 saw 173 what 28 my 101 it 174 kinds 29 job. 102 in 175 of 30 I 103 arround 176 it 31 work 104 street 177 in 32 for 105 and 178 here? 33 United State. 106 we 179 Barana? 34 I 107 are 180 So, 35 don’t 108 going 181 what 36 just 109 to 182 language 37 visit 110 dinner. 183 do 38 Indonesia, 111 Well, 184 you 39 but 112 we 185 speak? 40 another 113 stay 186 Oh, 41 countries 114 in 187 so 42 too. 115 hotel. 188 many. 43 It’s 116 I 189 English 44 so 117 don’t 190 too. 45 nice. 118 exactly 191 So 46 Very 119 the 192 many 47 nice, 120 nAE, 193 stresses 48 there 121 but 194 in 48

49 are 122 it’s 195 English. 50 many 123 Indonesia 196 Good. 51 nice 124 name. 197 Oh, 52 places, 125 No, 198 yaa. 53 togetherness, 126 It’s 199 Can 54 it’s 127 not 200 I 55 vice. 128 Garuda, 201 take 56 No, 129 It’s 202 a picture? 57 I 130 not 203 Oh 58 haven’t 131 far 204 no, 59 it 132 from 205 Very 60 yet. 133 here. 206 hot. 61 I 134 After 207 Cold? 62 think 135 that 208 lake? 63 they 136 we 209 OK. 64 are 137 are 210 Do 65 respect. 138 going 211 you 66 Only 139 to 212 know 67 terima kasih. 140 Bandung. 213 Portuguese 68 It’s 141 So, 214 well—known? 69 so 142 you 215 You 70 very 143 studied 216 don’t 71 different. 144 English? 217 know? 72 Indonesian 145 In 218 Cristian Ronaldo 73 food? 146 University? 219 already

From all 219 words, the researcher found 58 words with different British and American pronounciacion especially in pronouncing vowel sound. Here are the list as follows:

No. Words BE AE 1 Sorry? /ˈsɒr.i/ /ˈsɔːr-/ 2 OK. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 3 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 4 Go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 5 on. /ɒn/ /ɑːn/ 6 To /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 49

7 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 8 a job. /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ 9 job. /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ 10 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 11 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 12 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 13 No, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 14 Only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ 15 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 16 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 17 small /smɔːl/ /smɑːl/ 18 walk /wɔːk/ /wɑːk/ 19 saw /sɔː/ /sɑː/ 20 going /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 21 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 22 hotel. / h ə ʊ ˈtel/ /hoʊ-/ 23 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 24 No, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 25 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 26 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 27 from /frɒm/ /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 28 here. /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 29 After /ˈɑːf.tə r / /ˈæf.tɚ/ 30 going /ˈgəʊ.ɪŋ/ /ˈgoʊ-/ 31 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 32 So, /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 33 University? /ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti/ /-ˈvɝː.sə.t ̬i/ 34 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 35 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 36 know. /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 37 No. /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 38 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ 39 Already /ɔːlˈred.i/ /ɑːl-/ 40 ago /əˈgəʊ//-ˈgoʊ/ 41 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 42 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 43 here? /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 50

44 So, /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 45 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 46 Oh, /əʊ/ /oʊ/ 47 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 48 So /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 49 Oh, /əʊ/ /oʊ/ 50 Oh /əʊ/ /oʊ/ 51 no, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 52 hot. /hɒt/ /hɑːt/ 53 Cold? /kəʊld/ /koʊld/ 54 OK. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 55 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 56 well—known? /nəʊn/ /noʊn/ 57 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 58 know? /nəʊ/ /noʊ/

Formula: second native speaker:

The researcher finds only 58 words with difference vowel pronunciation from this category. : x 100 % = 26.48 %

From this research, the researcher finds that only 58 words (26.48 %) that have difference pronunciation spoken by the second native speaker.

3. The Third Native Speaker

The third native speaker come from Australia. After listening the

record, here are the transcription of the third native speaker:

No. Transcription

1 My name is Sheraz.

2 I come just to spent my holiday, my long weekend.

3 Yes. 51

4 In Jogjakarta just 3 days.

5 It is very very different.

I am from Australia and the Indonesia culture and Australia culture is

6 very very different.

Indonesian culture..I know the language and in the bahasa language I

7 know only “apa kabar” and “terima kasih”.

8 Yeah..just greating..

9 No… not really.I just holiday and I just enjoying my holiday

Oh.. they are fine. I’ve so many Indonesianfriends and my family have

10 also.

My trip? Iam working full time and When my holiday came I can

11 come to Indonesia.

12 Job In Indonesia ? Oh no..

13 Me? Iam 33

My culture?excatly I’ve some Indian pattern also so it is something

similar something different. Iam also also and something same

14 something different.

15 Yes.. I have been came so many time, so I like Indonesia.

What do I like??ehmm…I like the building, the people, and the food.

16 Yeah,,,I love the foods.

For me..Cause I now to live in Singapura of course..For our flight

17 is very cost.

18 Ok..no problem..you guys too.I hope it can help. 52

19 Yeah you can

This transcription consist of 193 words, and to make it easier to be

analyzed, the list of words is written in a table below :

No. Words No. Words No. Words No. Words 1 My 50 language 99 come 148 do 2 name 51 I 100 to 149 I 3 is 52 know 101 Indonesia. 150 like? 4 Sheraz. 53 only 102 Job 151 I 5 I 54 “apa kabar” 103 In 152 like 6 come 55 and 104 Indonesia ? 153 the “terima 7 just 56 kasih”. 105 Oh 154 building, 8 to 57 Yeah. 106 no.. 155 the people, 9 spent 58 just 107 Me? 156 and 10 my 59 greeting.. 108 I 157 the food. 11 holiday, 60 No… 109 am 158 Yeah,,, 12 my 61 not 110 33 159 I 13 long 62 really. 111 My 160 love 14 weekend. 63 I 112 culture? 161 the 15 Yes. 64 just 113 exactly 162 foods. 16 In 65 holiday 114 I’ve 163 For 17 Jogjakarta 66 and 115 some 164 me.. 18 only 67 I 116 Indian 165 Cause 19 3 days. 68 just 117 pattern 166 I 20 It 69 enjoying 118 also 167 now 21 is 70 my 119 so 168 I 22 very 71 holiday 120 it 169 live 23 very 72 Oh.. 121 is 170 in 24 different. 73 they 122 something 171 Singapura 25 I 74 are 123 similar 172 of 26 am 75 fine. 124 something 173 Course 27 from 76 I’ve 125 different 174 For 28 Australia 77 so 126 I 175 our 29 and 78 many 127 am 176 Flight 53

30 the 79 Indonesian 128 also 177 is 31 Indonesia 80 friends 129 also 178 very 32 culture 81 and 130 and 179 cost. 33 and 82 my 131 something 180 Ok. 34 Australia 83 family 132 same 181 no 35 culture 84 have 133 something 182 problem.. 36 is 85 also. 134 different. 183 you 37 very 86 My 135 Yes.. 184 guys 38 very 87 trip? 136 I 185 too. 39 different. 88 Iam 137 have 186 I 40 Indonesian 89 working 138 been 187 hope 41 culture.. 90 full 139 came 188 it 42 I 91 time 140 so 189 can 43 know 92 and 141 many 190 Help 44 the 93 When 142 time, 191 Yeah 45 language 94 my 143 so 192 you 46 and 95 holiday 144 I 193 Can 47 in 96 came 145 like 48 the 97 I 146 Indonesia. 49 bahasa 98 can 147 What

From all 193 words, the researcher found 39 words with different British and AErican pronounciacion especially in pronouncing vowel sound. Here are the list as follows:

No. Words BE AE 1 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 2 holiday, /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 3 long /lɒŋ/ /lɑːŋ/ 4 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ 5 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 6 Australia /ɒsˈtreɪ.li.ə/ /ɑːˈstreɪl.jə/ 7 Australia /ɒsˈtreɪ.li.ə/ /ɑːˈstreɪl.jə/ 8 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 9 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 10 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ 11 No… /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 54

12 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 13 really. /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 14 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 15 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ//ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 16 Oh.. /əʊ/ /oʊ/ 17 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 18 also. /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ 19 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 20 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 21 Job /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ 22 Oh /əʊ/ /oʊ/ 23 no.. /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 24 also /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ 25 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 26 similar /ˈsɪm.ɪ.lə r / /-ə.lɚ/ 27 also /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ 28 also /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ 29 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 30 so /səʊ//soʊ/ 31 What /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 32 Cause /kɔːz/ /kɑːz/ 33 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 34 our /aʊə r / , /ɑː r / /aʊɚ/ 35 cost. /kɒst/ /kɑːst/ 36 Ok. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 37 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 38 problem.. /ˈprɒb.ləm/ /ˈprɑː.bləm/ 39 hope /həʊp/ /hoʊp/

Formula: third native speaker:

The researcher finds only 39 words with difference vowel pronunciation from this category. : x 100 % = 20.21 % 55

From this research, the researcher finds that only 39 words (20.21 %) that have difference pronunciation spoken by the third native speaker.

4. The Fourth Native Speaker

The fourth native speaker come from United States. After listening the

record, here are the transcription of the fourth native speaker:

No. Transcription

1 My name is Sean .

2 I’m from United State.

3 I really want to see it, Iwant to see Bali , I want to see Jogjakarta and

Ya , I’m in holiday about 2 months , so I go to Bali and I go to Bali and 4 Lombok , Flores and I go to Jogjakarta .

5 Yes , I go to Java and than Bali , and than I’m back home .

6 I wanna see it . I wanna see the country in Indonesia and what they do .

7 I love Indonesia , people are nice, the culture is great, warm weather .

8 Yes it is.

9 Very good .

10 You mean condition the whether or?

It is like where I from , where I from is very hot , so this is the summer 11 time?

12 People very nice . I can talk to you , very kind people .

13 I’m alone .

14 I don’t know , little bit that I can speak , terima kasih.

15 Ya , I know nasi goreng .

I like fried rice , nasi goreng is very good , from Bali they have very good 16 there are ayam betutu . 56

17 Ya , ayam it’s very good .

18 The drink ,the drink is very very sweet , you put a lot of sugar .

19 I don’t know .

20 Ok

21 Ya. Near here. Ten minutes walk.

22 A little bit , ya , ya .

I know that Java is the island that most of this country is moslem , I know a 23 little bit about history.

24 I just read , little bit , not very much .

25 interesting , yeah it is very interesting.very good history .

It is very , very differ , many of island , many people in Java different with 26 people in Bali .different culture, you/they can live with different people

so I’m from the south of United State, the culture is influence from the Greek, Italic, Spanish. Every year there is a big party there. About 2 weeks 27 there are a lot of things in. the street, everybody wear costum.

28 and everybody went around with jazz music

29 ya …. Ok

30 ya, I bought some batik yesterday

31 Beautiful, ya wonderful and so i want to make it, is very interesting to me.

32 No , I just know batik in here .

I wish I have more time , I will see more in this country but i just have ten 33 days left and I will share to another .

34 Come back , if I have time I would come back .

They are very interested , about what I’m seeing , what I’m doing what 35 kinds of food that unique .

36 I’d love too , ya , if they have time . 57

37 My opinion about Indonesian women ? Very nice .

38 Yes ya ya.

39 Oh I don’t know .

Both . American culture is very differ , like my city , is very different culturte and the race of the country I don’t know which one I like . I like my 40 own culture , because Indonesian culture I just know a little bit about .

Ya , I think so , I don’t know everything about your culture , I think it is 41 very differ. 2 weeks to take me awhile.

42 I just say don’t worry .

yes, this is only for vacation. No working. I gonna back to United State to 43 work.

44 No. I have no trouble. No problem

45 very much. Don’t wanna go home but i have.

46 with my pleasure

This transcription consist of 484 words, and to make it easier to be analyzed, the list of words is written in a table below :

No. Words No. Words No. Words No. Words 1 My 122 to 243 with 364 kinds 2 name 123 you 244 different 365 of 3 is Sean . 124 very 245 people 366 food 4 I’m 125 kind 246 so 367 that 5 from 126 people 247 I’m 368 unique 6 United State. 127 I’m 248 from 369 I’d 7 I 128 alone 249 the 370 love 8 really 129 I 250 south 371 too 9 want 130 don’t 251 of 372 ya 10 to 131 know 252 United State, 373 if 11 see 132 little 253 the culture 374 they 12 it, 133 bit 254 is 375 have 13 I 134 that 255 influence 376 time 14 want 135 I 256 from 377 My 58

15 to 136 can 257 the Greek, 378 opinion 16 see 137 speak 258 Italic, 379 about 17 Bali 138 Terima kasih 259 Spanish 380 Indonesian 18 I 139 Ya 260 Every 381 women ? 19 want 140 I 261 year 382 Very nice 20 to 141 know 262 there 383 Yes 21 see 142 nasi goreng 263 is 384 ya ya 22 Jogjakarta 143 I 264 a big 385 Oh 23 and 144 like 265 party 386 I 24 Ya 145 Fried 266 there 387 don’t 25 I’m 146 rice 267 About 388 know 26 in 147 nasi goreng 268 2 weeks 389 Both 27 holiday 148 is very good 269 there 390 American 28 about 149 from 270 are 391 culture 29 2 months , 150 Bali 271 a lot 392 is 30 so 151 they 272 of 393 very 31 I 152 have 273 things 394 differ 32 go 153 very 274 in 395 like 33 to 154 good 275 the street, 396 my 34 Bali 155 there 276 everybody 397 city 35 and 156 are 277 wear 398 is 36 I 157 ayam betutu 278 costume 399 very 37 go 158 Ya 279 and 400 different 38 to 159 ayam 280 everybody 401 culturte 39 Bali 160 it’s 281 went 402 and 40 and 161 very 282 around 403 the race 41 Lombok 162 good 283 with 404 of 42 Flores 163 The 284 jazz 405 the country 43 and 164 drink 285 music 406 I 44 I 165 the 286 ya …. 407 don’t 45 go 166 drink 287 Ok 408 know 46 to 167 is 288 ya, 409 which 47 Jogjakarta 168 very 289 I 410 one 48 Yes 169 very 290 bought 411 I 49 I 170 sweet 291 some 412 Like 50 go 171 you 292batik 413 I 51 to 172 put 293 yesterday 414 like 52 Java 173 a lot 294 Beautiful, 415 my 53 and 174 of 295 ya 416 own 59

54 than 175 sugar . 296 wonderful 417 culture 55 Bali 176 I 297 and 418 because 56 and 177 don’t 298 so 419 Indonesian 57 than 178 know 299 i 420 culture 58 I’m 179 ok 300 want 421 I 59 back 180 Ya 301 to 422 just 60 home . 181 Near 302 make 423 know 61 I 182 here 303 it 424 a little bit 62 wanna 183 Ten 304 is 425 About 63 see 184 minutes 305 very 426 Ya , 64 it 185 walk 306 interesting 427 I 65 I 186 A little bit 307 to 428 think 66 wanna 187 ya ya 308 me 429 so 67 see 188 I 309 No 430 I 68 the 189 know 310 I 431 don’t 69 country 190 that 311 just 432 know 70 in 191 Java 312 know 433 everything 71 Indonesia 192 is 313 batik 434 about 72 and 193 the 314 in 435 your 73 what 194 island 315 here 436 culture 74 they 195 that 316 I 437 I 75 do 196 most 317 wish 438 think 76 I 197 of 318 I 439 it 77 love 198 this 319 have 440 is 78 Indonesia 199 country 320 more 441 very 79 people 200 is 321 time 442 Differ 80 are 201 moslem 322 I 443 2 weeks 81 nice, 202 I 323 will 444 to 82 the 203 know 324 see 445 take 83 culture 204 a little bit 325 more 446 me 84 is 205 about 326 in 447 awhile 85 great 206 history 327 this 448 I 86 warm 207 I 328 country 449 just 87 weather 208 just 329 but 450 say 88 Yes 209 read 330 i 451 don’t 89 it 210 little bit 331 just 452 Worry 90 is 211 not 332 have 453 yes, 91 Very 212 very 333 ten 454 this 60

92 good 213 much 334 days 455 is 93 You 214 interesting 335 left 456 only 94 mean 215 yeah 336 and 457 for 95 condition 216 it is 337 I 458 vacation 96 the 217 very 338 will 459 No 97 wether 218 interesting 339 share 460 working 98 or? 219 very 340 to 461 I 99 It 220 good 341 another 462 gonna 100 is 221 history 342 Come 463 back 101 like 222 It is 343 back 464 to 102 where I 223 very , 344 if 465 United State 103 from 224 very differ 345 I 466 to 104 where 225 many 346 have 467 work. 105 I 226 of 347 time 468 No 106 from 227 island 348 I 469 I 107 is 228 many 349 would 470 have 108 very 229 people 350 come 471 no 109 hot 230 in 351 back 472 trouble 110 so 231 Java 352 They 473 No 111 this 232 different 353 are 474 problem 112 is 233 with 354 very 475 very 113 the 234 people 355 interested 476 much 114 summer 235 in 356 about 477 Don’t 115 time? 236 Bali 357 what 478 wanna 116 People 237 different 358 I’m 479 go 117 very 238 culture 359 seeing 480 home 118 nice 239 you 360 what 481 but 119 I 240 they 361 I’m 482 i have 120 can 241 can 362 doing 483 with 121 talk 242 live 363 what 484 my 485 pleasure

From all 485 words, the researcher found 112 words with different British and AErican pronounciacion especially in pronouncing vowel sound. Here are the list as follows:

No. Word BE AE 61

1 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 2 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 3 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ 4 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 5 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ 6 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 7 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ 8 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 9 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 10 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 11 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 12 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 13 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 14 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 15 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 16 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 17 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 18 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 19 home /həʊm/ /hoʊm/ 20 wanna /ˈwɒn.ə/ /ˈwɑː.nə/ 21 wanna /ˈwɒn.ə/ /ˈwɑː.nə/ 22 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 23 warm /wɔːm/ /wɔːrm/ 24 where /weə r / /wer/ 25 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 26 where /weə r / /wer/ 27 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 28 hot /hɒt/ /hɑːt/ 29 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 30 talk /tɔːk/ /tɑːk/ 31 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 32 alone /əˈləʊn/ /-ˈloʊn/ 33 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 34 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 35 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 36 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 37 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 38 a lot /lɒt/ /lɑːt/ 62

39 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 40 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 41 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 42 ok /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 43 Near /nɪə r / /nɪr/ 44 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 45 walk /wɔːk/ /wɑːk/ 46 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 47 most /məʊst/ /moʊst/ 48 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 49 moslem /ˈmʊz.lɪm/ /ˈmɑːz.lem/ 50 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 51 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 52 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ /-trɪs-/ 53 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ /-trɪs-/ 54 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 55 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 56 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 57 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 58 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 59 year /jɪə r / /jɪr/ 60 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 61 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ 62 a lot /lɒt/ /lɑːt/ 63 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 64 everybody /ˈev.riˌbɒd.i/ /-ˌbɑː.di/ 65 wear /weə r / /wer/ 66 costume /ˈkɒs.tjuːm/ /ˈkɑː.stuːm/ 67 everybody /ˈev.riˌbɒd.i/ /-ˌbɑː.di/ 68 Ok /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ 69 bought /bɔːt/ /bɑːt/ 70 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 71 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 72 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 73 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 74 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 75 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 76 share /ʃeə r / /ʃer/ 77 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 63

78 interested /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪd/ /-trɪs-/ 79 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 80 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 81 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 82 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 83 Oh /əʊ/ /oʊ/ 84 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 85 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 86 Both /bəʊθ/ /boʊθ/ 87 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 88 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 89 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 90 own /əʊn/ /oʊn/ 91 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ 92 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 93 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 94 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 95 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 96 your /jɔː r /,/jə r / /jʊr/,/jɚ/ 97 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 98 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 99 worry /ˈwʌr.i/ /ˈwɝː-/ 100 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ 101 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 102 gonna /ˈgə.nə/ /ˈgɑː.nə/ 103 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 104 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 105 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 106 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 107 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 108 problem /ˈprɒb.ləm/ /ˈprɑː.bləm/ 109 Don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 110 wanna /ˈwɒn.ə/ /ˈwɑː.nə/ 111 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 112 home /həʊm/ /hoʊm/

64

Formula: fourth native speaker:

The researcher finds only 112 words with difference vowel pronunciation from this category. : x 100 % = 23.09 %

From this research, the researcher finds that only 112 words (23.09 %) that have difference pronunciation spoken by the fourth native speaker.

5. The Fifth Native Speaker

The fifth native speaker come from UK. After listening the record, here are the transcription of the fourth native speaker:

No. Transcription

1 Whats your name ?

2 And your name ?

3 Riski ?

4 Mimi ?

5 UK. England,Wales,Scotland.

We came to holiday to see you life,the culture. We’r travelling all the way 6 to see Indonesia. We started from Medan and finished at Bali.

7 Beautiful Island

We’re gone to Bali Island. We went to another country because in the UK 8 Very cold, freezing, minus 3. But,here is very hot.

9 We’re been here one week and will be here for three weeks.

We with travel company to organized where we’ll stay. But, we decide The 10 one we went to ……

11 Very friendly.

12 You learn English 65

13 Very hard

14 Yes. Because we have different tenses.

15 Very different. No similiarities.

16 Very different.

17 No

18 Traditional food ? Yes, very nice.

19 special fried rice.

20 Nasi goreng.

21 gado-gado

22 Very different. Very different. Isn’t it ? There so many cars not motor bike.

Frustated ? No.no. just very interesting to see the way you live and to try to 23 live as you do, and experience to your culture.

we went to Cambodia, we wen to Angkor wat. It’s similar to Borobudur. 24 Borobudur much better condition, Angkor wat through fall down all.

25 Making they mad.

26 We are married.

we have married many years. We’ve children, grandchild, great grand 27 children.

Very different,about religion. Mostly about religion. Mostly christian.Not 28 many people practice this religion. Not many people goes to church.

Yeah. It’s very interesting. We’ve seen orang hutan in the jungke. Like the 29 monkey. I’d like terrible.

30 We save for long. We work, save our money to come Indonesia.

31 In one single year we have a big holiday. We go to different countries.

32 We have to earn much money. We just not grown on trees.

33 How old ? What do you think ? 66

34 Oh. Bad.

35 Oh, bad . I l ove you.

36 ah. Yes

37 we are 68.

38 How about you ? Telling how old are you ?

39 78From Indonesia to your family in UK ?

40 We take simple souvenir. We present ……..

We have many pictures. We write a diary everyday about we havedone. So, 41 that we will remember.

42 When you get old memory, you cannot remember.You can open tour diary.

London. London is the most popular place. Many things in London. We’re 43 living wales and cheap.

44 We’re got a book to tell us all about where we are going.

45 Could we take a photo ?

46 What about you ?

47 I think we have to go ?

48 How many years are you doing this ?

You have been doing for 3 years. Do you have college here doing The same 49 thing ?

50 When you finish your college ? What will you do ? Beven

51 How to eat ?

52 Whats the taste ?

53 What is the made from ?

54 Very good. Did you make this ?

55 Thank you. Thank you. Have nice day. 67

56 What’s you going to do after finish college ?

57 I think its very well.

58 Thank you very much.

59 We have hat. It’s 50 rb.

60 Comin’. Comin’.

61 take care.

This transcription consist of 463 words, and to make it easier to be analyzed, the list of words is written in a table below :

No. Words No. Words No. Words No. Words 1 Whats 117 special 233 terrible. 349 Many 2 your 118 fried 234 We 350 things 3 name ? 119 rice. 235 save 351 in 4 And 120 Nasi goreng. 236 for 352 London. 5 your 121 gado-gado 237 long. 353 We’re 6 name ? 122 Very 238 We 354 living 7 Riski ? 123 different. 239 work, 355 wales 8 Mimi ? 124 Very 240 save 356 and 9 UK. 125 different. 241 our 357 cheap. 10 England, 126 Isn’t 242 money 358 We’re 11 Wales, 127 it ? 243 to 359 got 12 Scotland. 128 There 244 come 360 a book 13 We 129 so 245 Indonesia. 361 to 14 came 130 many 246 In 362 tell 15 to 131 cars 247 one 363 us 16 holiday 132 not 248 single 364 all 17 to 133 motor 249 year 365 about 18 see 134 bike. 250 we 366 where 19 You 135 Frustated ? 251 have 367 we 20 life, 136 No. 252 a big 368 are 21 the 137 no. 253 holiday. 369 going. 22 culture. 138 just 254 We 370 Could 23 We’r 139 very 255 go 371 we 24 travelling 140 interesting 256 to 372 take 25 all 141 to 257 different 373 a photo ? 68

26 the 142 see 258 countries. 374 What 27 way 143 the 259 We 375 about 28 to 144 way 260 have 376 you ? 29 see 145 you 261 to 377 I 30 Indonesia. 146 live 262 earn 378 think 31 We 147 and 263 much 379 we 32 started 148 to 264 money 380 have 33 from 149 try 265 We 381 to 34 Medan 150 to 266 just 382 go ? 35 and 151 live 267 not 383 How 36 finished 152 as 268 grown 384 many 37 at Bali. 153 you 269 on 385 years 38 Beautiful 154 do, 270 trees. 386 are 39 Island 155 and 271 How 387 you 40 We’re 156 experience 272 old ? 388 doing 41 Gone 157 to 273 What 389 this ? 42 to 158 your 274 do 390 You 43 Bali 159 culture. 275 you 391 have 44 Island. 160 we 276 think ? 392 been 45 We 161 went 277 Oh. 393 doing 46 went 162 to 278 Bad. 394 for 47 to 163 Cambodia, 279 Oh, 395 3 48 another 164 we 280 bad . 396 years. 49 country 165 went 281 I 397 Do 50 because 166 to 282 love 398 you 51 in 167 Angkor wat. 283 you. 399 have 52 the 168 It’s 284 ah. 400 college 53 UK 169 similar 285 Yes 401 here 54 Very 170 to 286 we 402 doing 55 cold, 171 Borobudur. 287 are 403 The 56 freezing, 172 Borobudur 288 68. 404 same 57 minus 3. 173 much 289 How 405 thing ? 58 But, 174 better 290 about 406 When 59 here 175 condition, 291 you ? 407 you 60 is 176 Angkor wat 292 Telling 408 finish 61 very 177 through 293 how 409 your 62 hot. 178 fall 294 old 410 college ? 63 We’re 179 down 295 are 411 What 64 been 180 all. 296 you ? 412 will 69

65 here 181 Making 297 78 413 you 66 one 182 they 298 From 414 do ? 67 week 183 mad. 299 Indonesia 415 Beven 68 and 184 We 300 to 416 How 69 will 185 are 301 your 417 to 70 be 186 married. 302 family 418 eat ? 71 here 187 we 303 in 419 Whats 72 for 188 have 304 UK ? 420 the 73 three 189 married 305 We 421 taste ? 74 weeks. 190 many 306 take 422 What 75 We 191 years. 307 simple 423 is 76 with 192 We’ve 308 souvenir. 424 the 77 travel 193 children, 309 We 425 made 78 company 194 grandchild, 310 present …….. 426 from ? 79 to 195 great 311 We 427 Very 80 organized 196 grand 312 have 428 good. 81 where 197 children. 313 many 429 Did 82 we’ll 198 Very 314 pictures. 430 you 83 stay. 199 different, 315 We 431 make 84 But, 200 about 316 write 432 this ? 85 we 201 religion. 317 a 433 Thank you. 86 decide 202 Mostly 318 diary 434 Thank you. 87 The 203 about 319 everyday 435 Have 88 one 204 religion. 320 about 436 nice 89 we 205 Mostly 321 we 437 day. 90 went 206 Christian 322 have 438 What’s 91 to 207 Not 323 done. 439 you 92 Very 208 many 324 So, 440 going 93 friendly. 209 people 325 that 441 to 94 You 210 practice 326 we 442 do 95 learn 211 this 327 will 443 after 96 English 212 religion. 328 remember. 444 finish 97 Very 213 Not 329 When 445 college ? 98 hard 214 many 330 you 446 I 99 Yes. 215 people 331 get 447 think 100 Because 216 goes 332 old 448 its 101 we 217 to 333 memory, 449 very 102 have 218 church. 334 you 450 well. 103 different 219 Yeah. 335 cannot 451 Thank 70

104 tenses. 220 It’s 336 remember 452 you 105 Very 221 very 337 You 453 very 106 different. 222 interesting. 338 can 454 much. 107 No 223 We’ve 339 open 455 We 108 similiarities. 224 seen 340 tour 456 have 109 Very 225 orang hutan 341 diary. 457 hat. 110 different. 226 in 342 London. 458 It’s 111 No 227 the 343 London 459 50 rb. 112 Traditional 228 jungle 344 is 460 Comin’. 113 food ? 229 Like 345 the 461 Comin’. 114 Yes, 230 the monkey. 346 most 462 take 115 very 231 I’d 347 popular 463 care. 116 nice. 232 like 348 place.

From all 485 words, the researcher found 104 words with different British and AErican pronounciacion especially in pronouncing vowel sound. Here are the list as follows:

No. Words BE AE 1 whats /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 2 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 3 Scotland /ˈskɒt.lənd/ /ˈskɑːt-/ 4 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 5 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 6 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 7 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 8 we'r /wɪə r / /wɪr/ 9 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 10 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 11 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ 12 gone /gɒn/ /gɑːn/ 13 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 14 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 15 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ 16 cold /kəʊld/ /koʊld/ 17 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 18 hot /hɒt/ /hɑːt/ 71

19 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 20 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 21 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 22 where /weə r / /wer/ 23 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 24 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ 25 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 26 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 27 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ 28 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 29 motor /ˈməʊ.tə r / /ˈmoʊ.t ̬ɚ/ 30 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 31 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ//-trɪs-/ 32 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 33 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 34 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 35 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 36 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 37 experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ri. ə n t s/ /-ˈspɪr.i-/ 38 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 39 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 40 similar /ˈsɪm.ɪ.lə r / /-ə.lɚ/ 41 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 42 fall /fɔːl/ /fɑːl/ 43 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 44 married /ˈmær.id/ /ˈmer-/ 45 married /ˈmær.id/ /ˈmer-/ 46 years /jɪə r / /jɪr/ 47 mostly /ˈməʊs t .li/ /ˈmoʊs t -/ 48 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 49 goes /gəʊz/ /goʊz/ 50 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 51 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ /-trɪs-/ 52 long /lɒŋ/ /lɑːŋ/ 53 our /aʊə r / , /ɑː r / /aʊɚ/ 54 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 55 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 56 goes /gəʊz/ /goʊz/ 57 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 72

58 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 59 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 60 grown /grəʊn/ /groʊn/ 61 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ 62 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ 63 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ 64 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 65 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ 66 souvenir /ˌsuː.v ə nˈɪə r / /-vəˈnɪr/ 67 diary /ˈdaɪə.ri/ /ˈdaɪr.i/ 68 souvenir /ˌsuː.v ə nˈɪə r / /-vəˈnɪr/ 69 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 70 got /gɒt/ /gɑːt/ 71 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ 72 cnnot /ˈkæn.ɒt/ /-ɑːt/ 73 open /ˈəʊ.p ə n/ /ˈoʊ-/ 74 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 75 diary /ˈdaɪə.ri/ /ˈdaɪr.i/ 76 mostly /ˈməʊs t .li/ /ˈmoʊs t -/ 77 popular /ˈpɒp.jʊ.lə r / /ˈpɑː.pjə.lɚ/ 78 got /gɒt/ /gɑːt/ 79 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 80 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 81 where /weə r / /wer/ 82 going /ˈgəʊ.ɪŋ/ /ˈgoʊ-/ 83 of /əv//ɒv/ /ɑːv/ 84 photo /ˈfəʊ.təʊ/ /ˈfoʊ.t ̬oʊ/ 85 what /wɑt/ /wɑːt/ 86 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 87 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 88 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 89 years /jɪə r / /jɪr/ 90 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 91 years /jɪə r / /jɪr/ 92 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 93 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 94 college /ˈkɒl.ɪdʒ/ /ˈkɑː.lɪdʒ/ 95 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 96 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 73

97 whats /wɑt/ /wɑːt/ 98 from /frɒm//frɑm/ /frəm/ 99 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ 100 going /ˈgəʊ.ɪŋ/ /ˈgoʊ-/ 101 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 102 after /ˈɑːf.tə r / /ˈæf.tɚ/ 103 college /ˈkɒl.ɪdʒ/ /ˈkɑː.lɪdʒ/ 104 care /keə r / /ker/

Formula: fifth native speaker:

The researcher finds only 104 words with difference vowel pronunciation from this category. : x 100 % = 20.44 %

From this research, the researcher finds that only 104 words (21.44 %) that have difference pronunciation spoken by the fifth native speaker.

6. The Sixth Native Speaker

The Sixth native speaker come from England. After listening the record, here are the transcription of the fourth native speaker:

No. Transcription 1 charlotte, 2 sarah 3 i’m 26 4 yea.. 5 here?just under? 6 we live in Bali, actually from england 7 to work,we are english teachers 8 yeah.just 3 days.on sunday we go back to bali 9 i’m…around …. 10 yeah,in the hotel 74

11 just us together 12 in java just here,yesterday we’ve gone to borobudur 13 they loved it,because we can spend the holiday 14 quite different,some english words are used… 15 i like the culture i think people here they care about their family so they can spend time with 16 their family,i think people here more relax 17 really…..hmmm….i like hot wheather… 18 not really,i think may be some foreigners do.. But i don’t 19 only….only little bit,some strange words… 20 i like sate,gado-gado,nasi goreng,bakso… 21 flying fox,reading,travelling around to visit places, 22 i like see another country side,so anywhere i really like it. 23 i don’t know where,we haven’t decided it yet,just look around 24 you’re welcome

This transcription consist of 156 words, and to make it easier to be analyzed, the list of words is written in a table below :

No. Word No. Word No. Word No. Word 1 charlotte, 40 together 79 so 118 like 2 sarah 41 in 80 they 119 sate, 3 i’m 42 java 81 can 120 gado-gado, 4 26 43 just 82 spend 121 nasi goreng, 5 yea.. 44 here, 83 time 122 bakso… 6 here? 45 yesterday 84 with 123 flying 7 just 46 we’ve 85 their 124 fox, 8 under? 47 gone 86 family 125 reading, 9 we 48 to 87 i 126 travelling 10 live 49 borobudur 88 think 127 around 11 in 50 they 89 people 128 to 12 bali 51 loved 90 here 129 visit 13 actually 52 it, 91 more 130 places, 75

14 from 53 because 92 relax 131 i 15 england 54 we 93 really….. 132 like 16 to 55 can 94 i 133 see 17 work, 56 spend 95 like 134 another 18 we 57 the 96 hot 135 country 19 are 58 holiday 97 weather… 136 side, 20 english 59 quite 98 not 137 so 21 teachers 60 different, 99 really 138 anywhere 22 yeah. 61 some 100 i 139 i 23 just 62 english 101 think 140 really 24 3 days 63 words 102 may 141 like 25 on 64 are 103 be 142 it. 26 sunday 65 used… 104 some 143 i 27 we 66 i 105 foreigners 144 don’t 28 go 67 like 106 do.. 145 know 29 back 68 the 107 But 146 where, 30 to 69 culture 108 i 147 we 31 bali 70 i 109 don’t 148 haven’t 32 i’m… 71 think 110 only…. 149 decided 33 around …. 72 people 111 only 150 it 34 yeah, 73 here 112 little 151 yet, 35 in 74 they 113 bit, 152 just 36 the 75 care 114 some 153 look 37 hotel 76 about 115 strange 154 around 38 just 77 their 116 words… 155 you’re 39 us 78 family 117 i 156 welcome

From all 156 words, the researcher found 33 words with different British and American pronounciacion especially in pronouncing vowel sound. Here are the list as follows:

No. Word BE AE 1 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 2 from /frɒm//frɑ:m/ /frəm/ 3 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 4 on /ɒn/ /ɑːn/ 5 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ 76

6 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 7 hotel / h ə ʊ ˈtel/ /hoʊ-/ 8 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 9 gone /gɒn/ /gɑːn/ 10 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 11 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ 12 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ 13 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 14 care /keə r / /ker/ 15 their /ðeə r / /ðer/ 16 their /ðeə r / /ðer/ 17 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ 18 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 19 hotel / h ə ʊ ˈtel/ /hoʊ-/ 20 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ 21 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 22 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ 23 foreigners /ˈfɒr.ə.nə r / /ˈfɔːr.ə.nɚ/ 24 dont /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 25 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ 26 fox /fɒks/ /fɑːks/ 27 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ 28 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ 29 anywhere /ˈen.i.weə r / /-wer/ 30 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ 31 dont /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ 32 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ 33 where /weə r / /wer/

Formula: sixth native speaker:

The researcher finds only 33 words with difference vowel pronunciation from this category. : x 100 % = 21.15 %

From this research, the researcher finds that only 104 words (21.15 %) that have difference pronunciation spoken by the sixth native speaker. 77

B. Discussion

After analyzed the transcription, the researcher tried to analyzed the vowel

that used by the native speaker, wether it was BE or AE.

1. The First Native Speaker

After analyzed the data, here are the vowel used by the first native

speaker:

No. Words BE AE Usage 1 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 2 around /əˈraʊnd/ /əˈroʊnd/ BE 3 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 4 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ BE 5 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 6 To /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 7 ok /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ BE 8 a job? /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ BE 9 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ BE 10 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 11 here? /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 12 No, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 13 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ BE 14 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 15 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 16 the other /ˈʌð.ə r / /ˈoð.ə r / BE 17 sorry /ˈsɒr.i/ /ˈsɔːr-/ BE 18 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 19 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 20 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 21 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 22 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ BE 23 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ BE 24 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 25 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ BE 26 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 27 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 78

28 alone, /əˈləʊn/ /-ˈloʊn/ AE 29 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 30 alone /əˈləʊn/ /-ˈloʊn/ AE 31 hour. /aʊə r / /aʊr/ BE 32 alot /lɒt/ /lɑːt/ BE 33 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 34 told /təʊld/ /toʊld/ AE 35 always /ˈɔːl.weɪz/ /ˈɑːl-/ BE 36 told /təʊld/ /toʊld/ AE 37 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 38 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 39 can’t /kɑːnt/ /kænt/ BE 40 news /njuːz/ /nuːz/ BE 41 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 42 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ BE 43 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 44 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 45 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ BE 46 To /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 47 told /təʊld/ /toʊld/ AE 48 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ BE 49 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ BE 50 again? /əˈgeɪn/ /-ˈgen/ AE 51 ok, /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ BE 52 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 53 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 54 So /səʊ/ /soʊ/ BE 55 from /frɒm/ /frəm/ /frɑːm/ BE 56 eropa. /ˈjʊə.rəp/ /ˈjʊ-/ AE 57 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ BE 58 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 59 All /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 60 okey. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ AE 61 your /jɔː r //jə r / /jʊr/ AE 62 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ BE 63 Probably /ˈprɒb.ə.bli/ /ˈprɑː.bə-/ BE 64 tomorrow. /təˈmɒr.əʊ/ /-ˈmɔːr.oʊ/ AE

79

From the data above, the first native speaker dominantly used BE than AE.

He/She used AE 22 times (34,38%), and 42 times (65,62%) used BE.

From the reseach finding, it is known that the first native speaker was 24 time answering the interview, consists of 341 words, 64 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in BE or AE. The table below was made to make the data easier to understand:

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 1st 24 341 64 65,62% 34,38%

AmE 34%

BrE 66%

2. The Second Native Speaker

After analyzed the data, here are the vowel used by the second native speaker:

No. Words BE AE Usage 1 Sorry? /ˈsɒr.i/ /ˈsɔːr-/ BE 2 OK. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ AE 80

3 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 4 Go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 5 on. /ɒn/ /ɑːn/ AE 6 To /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 7 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 8 a job. /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ BE 9 job. /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ BE 10 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 11 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 12 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 13 No, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 14 Only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ AE 15 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 16 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 17 small /smɔːl/ /smɑːl/ AE 18 walk /wɔːk/ /wɑːk/ AE 19 saw /sɔː/ /sɑː/ BE 20 going /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 21 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 22 hotel. / h ə ʊ ˈtel/ /hoʊ-/ AE 23 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 24 No, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 25 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ AE 26 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ AE 27 from /frɒm/ /frəm/ /frɑːm/ AE 28 here. /hɪə r / /hɪr/ AE 29 After /ˈɑːf.tə r / /ˈæf.tɚ/ BE 30 going /ˈgəʊ.ɪŋ//ˈgoʊ-/ AE 31 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 32 So, /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 33 University? /ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti/ /-ˈvɝː.sə.t ̬i/ BE 34 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 35 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 36 know. /nəʊ//noʊ/AE 37 No. /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 38 was /wɒz/ /wɑːz/ AE 39 already /ɔːlˈred.i/ /ɑːl-/ AE 40 ago. /əˈgəʊ/ /-ˈgoʊ/ AE 81

41 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 42 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ BE 43 here? /hɪə r / /hɪr/ AE 44 So, /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 45 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 46 Oh, /əʊ/ /oʊ/ AE 47 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 48 So /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 49 Oh, /əʊ/ /oʊ/ AE 50 Oh /əʊ/ /oʊ/ AE 51 no, /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 52 hot. /hɒt/ /hɑːt/ AE 53 Cold? /kəʊld/ /koʊld/ AE 54 OK. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ AE 55 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 56 well—known? /nəʊn/ /noʊn/ AE 57 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 58 know? /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE

From the data above, the second native speaker dominantly used AE than

BE. He/She used AE 51 times (75%), and 7 times (25%) used BE.

From the reseach finding, it is known that the second native speaker was

34 time answering the interview, consists of 219 words, 58 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in BE or AE. The table below was made to make the data easier to understand:

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 2nd 34 219 58 25% 75%

82

BrE 25%

AmE 75%

3. The Third Native Speaker

After analyzed the data, here are the vowel used by the third native speaker:

No. Words BE AE Usage 1 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 2 holiday, /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ AE 3 long /lɒŋ/ /lɑːŋ/ BE 4 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ BE 5 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ BE 6 Australia /ɒsˈtreɪ.li.ə/ /ɑːˈstreɪl.jə/ BE 7 Australia /ɒsˈtreɪ.li.ə/ /ɑːˈstreɪl.jə/ BE 8 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 9 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 10 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ AE 11 No… /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 12 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ BE 13 really. /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 14 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ AE 15 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ AE 16 Oh.. /əʊ/ /oʊ/ AE 17 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ BE 83

18 also. /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ AE 19 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ AE 20 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 21 Job /dʒɒb/ /dʒɑːb/ BE 22 Oh /əʊ/ /oʊ/ BE 23 no.. /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 24 also /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ AE 25 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ BE 26 similar /ˈsɪm.ɪ.lə r / /-ə.lɚ/ BE 27 also /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ AE 28 also /ˈɔːl.səʊ/ /ˈɑːl.soʊ/ AE 29 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ BE 30 so /səʊ//soʊ/BE 31 What /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 32 Cause /kɔːz/ /kɑːz/ BE 33 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ BE 34 our /aʊə r / , /ɑː r / /aʊɚ/ BE 35 cost. /kɒst/ /kɑːst/ BE 36 Ok. /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ AE 37 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 38 problem.. /ˈprɒb.ləm/ /ˈprɑː.bləm/ BE 39 hope /həʊp/ /hoʊp/ AE

From the data above, the third native speaker dominantly used BE than

BE. He/She used AE 17 times (44%), and 22 times (56%) used BE.

From the reseach finding, it is known that the third native speaker was 19 time answering the interview, consists of 193 words, 39 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in BE or AE. The table below was made to make the data easier to understand:

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 3rd 19 193 39 56% 44%

84

AmE 44%

BrE 56%

4. The Fourth Native Speaker

After analyzed the data, here are the vowel used by the fourth native speaker:

No. Word BE AE Usage 1 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ BE 2 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 3 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ AE 4 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 5 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ AE 6 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 7 want /wɒnt/ /wɑːnt/ AE 8 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 9 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ AE 10 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 11 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 12 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 13 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 14 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 15 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 16 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 17 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 85

18 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 19 home /həʊm/ /hoʊm/ AE 20 wanna /ˈwɒn.ə/ /ˈwɑː.nə/ BE 21 wanna /ˈwɒn.ə/ /ˈwɑː.nə/ BE 22 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 23 warm /wɔːm/ /wɔːrm/ AE 24 where /weə r / /wer/ AE 25 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ AE 26 where /weə r / /wer/ AE 27 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ AE 28 hot /hɒt/ /hɑːt/ AE 29 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 30 talk /tɔːk/ /tɑːk/ AE 31 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 32 alone /əˈləʊn/ /-ˈloʊn/ AE 33 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 34 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 35 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 36 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ AE 37 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 38 a lot /lɒt/ /lɑːt/ AE 39 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ AE 40 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 41 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 42 ok /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ//ˌoʊ-/ AE 43 Near /nɪə r / /nɪr/ AE 44 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ AE 45 walk /wɔːk/ /wɑːk/ AE 46 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 47 most /məʊst/ /moʊst/ AE 48 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ AE 49 moslem /ˈmʊz.lɪm/ /ˈmɑːz.lem/ BE 50 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 51 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ AE 52 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ /-trɪs-/ AE 53 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ /-trɪs-/ AE 54 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ AE 55 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 56 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ BE 86

57 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ AE 58 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ BE 59 year /jɪə r / /jɪr/ AE 60 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ BE 61 there /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 62 a lot /lɒt/ /lɑːt/ AE 63 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ AE 64 everybody /ˈev.riˌbɒd.i/ /-ˌbɑː.di/ AE 65 wear /weə r / /wer/ AE 66 costume /ˈkɒs.tjuːm/ /ˈkɑː.stuːm/ AE 67 everybody /ˈev.riˌbɒd.i/ /-ˌbɑː.di/ AE 68 Ok /ˌə ʊ ˈkeɪ/ /ˌoʊ-/ AE 69 bought /bɔːt/ /bɑːt/ AE 70 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 71 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 72 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 73 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 74 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 75 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ AE 76 share /ʃeə r / /ʃer/ AE 77 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 78 interested /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪd/ /-trɪs-/ AE 79 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 80 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 81 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 82 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ BE 83 Oh /əʊ/ /oʊ/ AE 84 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 85 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 86 Both /bəʊθ/ /boʊθ/ AE 87 of /əv/ , /ɒv/ /ɑːv/ AE 88 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 89 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 90 own /əʊn/ /oʊn/ AE 91 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ BE 92 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 93 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 94 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 87

95 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 96 your /jɔː r /,/jə r / /jʊr/,/jɚ/ BE 97 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 98 don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 99 worry /ˈwʌr.i/ /ˈwɝː-/ AE 100 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ AE 101 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 102 gonna /ˈgə.nə/ /ˈgɑː.nə/ AE 103 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 104 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ AE 105 No /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 106 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 107 No /nəʊ//noʊ/AE 108 problem /ˈprɒb.ləm/ /ˈprɑː.bləm/ AE 109 Don’t /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ AE 110 wanna /ˈwɒn.ə/ /ˈwɑː.nə/ AE 111 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ AE 112 home /həʊm/ /hoʊm/ AE

From the data above, the fourth native speaker dominantly used AE than

BE. He/She used AE 102 times (91%), and 10 times (9%) used BE.

From the reseach finding, it is known that the fourth native speaker was 46 time answering the interview, consists of 484 words, 112 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in BE or AE. The table below was made to make the data easier to understand:

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 4th 46 484 112 9% 91%

88

BrE 9%

AmE 91%

5. The Fifth Native Speaker

After analyzed the data, here are the vowel used by the fifth native speaker:

No. Words BE AE Usage 1 whats /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ AE 2 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 3 Scotland /ˈskɒt.lənd/ /ˈskɑːt-/ BE 4 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 5 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ BE 6 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 7 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ AE 8 we'r /wɪə r / /wɪr/ AE 9 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 10 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 11 from /frɒm/ , /frəm/ /frɑːm/ BE 12 gone /gɒn/ /gɑːn/ AE 13 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 14 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 15 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ AE 16 cold /kəʊld/ /koʊld/ BE 17 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 18 hot /hɒt/ /hɑːt/ BE 89

19 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 20 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 21 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 22 where /weə r / /wer/ AE 23 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 24 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ AE 25 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 26 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ AE 27 so /səʊ/ /soʊ/ AE 28 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ BE 29 motor /ˈməʊ.tə r / /ˈmoʊ.t ̬ɚ/ BE 30 no /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 31 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ//-trɪs-/ BE 32 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 33 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 34 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 35 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 36 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 37 experience /ɪkˈspɪə.ri. ə n t s/ /-ˈspɪr.i-/ BE 38 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 39 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 40 similar /ˈsɪm.ɪ.lə r / /-ə.lɚ/ BE 41 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 42 fall /fɔːl/ /fɑːl/ BE 43 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 44 married /ˈmær.id/ /ˈmer-/ BE 45 married /ˈmær.id/ /ˈmer-/ BE 46 years /jɪə r / /jɪr/ BE 47 mostly /ˈməʊs t .li/ /ˈmoʊs t -/ BE 48 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ AE 49 goes /gəʊz/ /goʊz/ BE 50 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 51 interesting /ˈɪn.trəs.tɪŋ/ /-trɪs-/ BE 52 long /lɒŋ/ /lɑːŋ/ BE 53 our /aʊə r / , /ɑː r / /aʊɚ/ BE 54 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 55 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ BE 56 goes /gəʊz/ /goʊz/ BE 57 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 90

58 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 59 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ BE 60 grown /grəʊn/ /groʊn/ BE 61 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ BE 62 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ BE 63 what /wɒt/ /wɑːt/ BE 64 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 65 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ BE 66 souvenir /ˌsuː.v ə nˈɪə r / /-vəˈnɪr/ AE 67 diary /ˈdaɪə.ri/ /ˈdaɪr.i/ BE 68 souvenir /ˌsuː.v ə nˈɪə r / /-vəˈnɪr/ BE 69 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 70 got /gɒt/ /gɑːt/ BE 71 old /əʊld/ /oʊld/ BE 72 cnnot /ˈkæn.ɒt/ /-ɑːt/ BE 73 open /ˈəʊ.p ə n/ /ˈoʊ-/ BE 74 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 75 diary /ˈdaɪə.ri/ /ˈdaɪr.i/ BE 76 mostly /ˈməʊs t .li/ /ˈmoʊs t -/ BE 77 popular /ˈpɒp.jʊ.lə r / /ˈpɑː.pjə.lɚ/ BE 78 got /gɒt/ /gɑːt/ BE 79 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 80 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 81 where /weə r / /wer/ AE 82 going /ˈgəʊ.ɪŋ/ /ˈgoʊ-/ BE 83 of /əv//ɒv/ /ɑːv/ BE 84 photo /ˈfəʊ.təʊ/ /ˈfoʊ.t ̬oʊ/ BE 85 what /wɑt/ /wɑːt/ BE 86 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 87 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 88 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ BE 89 years /jɪə r / /jɪr/ BE 90 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 91 years /jɪə r / /jɪr/ BE 92 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 93 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 94 college /ˈkɒl.ɪdʒ/ /ˈkɑː.lɪdʒ/ BE 95 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 96 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 91

97 whats /wɑt/ /wɑːt/ BE 98 from /frɒm//frɑm/ /frəm/ BE 99 your /jɔː r / /jʊr/ BE 100 going /ˈgəʊ.ɪŋ/ /ˈgoʊ-/ BE 101 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 102 after /ˈɑːf.tə r / /ˈæf.tɚ/ BE 103 college /ˈkɒl.ɪdʒ//ˈkɑː.lɪdʒ/ BE 104 care /keə r / /ker/ BE

From the data above, the fifth native speaker dominantly used BE than BE.

He/She used AE 13 times (12.5%), and 91 times (87.5%) used BE.

From the reseach finding, it is known that the fifth native speaker was 61 time answering the interview, consists of 463 words, 104 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in BE or AE. The table below was made to make the data easier to understand:

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 5th 61 463 104 87.5% 12.5%

AmE 13%

BrE 88%

92

6. The Sixth Native Speaker

After analyzed the data, here are the vowel used by the sixth native speaker :

No. Word BE AE Usage 1 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 2 from /frɒm//frɑ:m/ /frəm/ BE 3 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə//tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 4 on /ɒn/ /ɑːn/ BE 5 go /gəʊ/ /goʊ/ BE 6 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə//tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 7 hotel / h ə ʊ ˈtel/ /hoʊ-/ AE 8 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 9 gone /gɒn/ /gɑːn/ BE 10 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə//tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 11 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ BE 12 holiday /ˈhɒl.ɪ.deɪ/ /ˈhɑː.lɪ-/ BE 13 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 14 care /keə r / /ker/ BE 15 their /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 16 their /ðeə r / /ðer/ AE 17 here /hɪə r / /hɪr/ BE 18 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ BE 19 hotel / h ə ʊ ˈtel/ /hoʊ-/ BE 20 not /nɒt/ /nɑːt/ BE 21 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ AE 22 because /bɪˈkəz/ , /-ˈkɒz/ /-ˈkɑːz/ BE 23 foreigners /ˈfɒr.ə.nə r / /ˈfɔːr.ə.nɚ/ BE 24 dont /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ BE 25 only /ˈəʊn.li/ /ˈoʊn-/ BE 26 fox /fɒks/ /fɑːks/ AE 27 to /tuː/ /tʊ/ , /tu/ , /tə/ /tə/ , /t ̬ə/ , /tu/ BE 28 all /ɔːl/ /ɑːl/ BE 29 anywhere /ˈen.i.weə r / /-wer/ BE 30 really /ˈrɪə.li/ /ˈriː.ə-/ BE 31 dont /dəʊnt/ /doʊnt/ BE 32 know /nəʊ/ /noʊ/ BE 33 where /weə r / /wer/ BE 93

From the data above, the Sixth native speaker dominantly used BE than

BE. He/She used AE 5 times (15.15%), and 28 times (84.85%) used BE.

From the reseach finding, it is known that the fifth native speaker was 24 time answering the interview, consists of 156 words, 33 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in BE or AE. The table below was made to make the data easier to understand:

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 6th 24 156 33 84.85% 15.15%

AmE 15%

BrE 85%

94

To summarize the data analyzed here are the table below :

Native Answering Words Difference Using Using Speaker Interview Vowel BE AE 1st 24 341 64 65,62% 34,38%

2nd 34 219 58 25% 75%

3rd 19 193 39 56% 44%

4th 46 484 112 9% 91%

5th 61 463 104 87.5% 12.5%

6th 24 156 33 84.85% 15.15%

Words With Native Total Difference Speaker Words Vowel AE BE st 1 341642242 nd 2 219 58 51 7 rd 3 193391722 th 4 484 112 102 10 th 5 463 104 13 91 th 6 156 33 5 28 Total 1856 410 210 200

From the data above, it is known that all sixth native speakers consists of

1856 words, 410 of them had a differenciation in vowel pronunciation wether in

BE or AE. And, all Sixth native speaker dominantly used AE than BE. He/She used AE 210 times (51%), and 200 times (49%) used BE. The chart below show the result as follows:

95

BrE 49% AmE 51%

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

Chapter V is the last chapter of this thesis. In this chapter, the researcher gives conclusion and suggestion for all whom related to this study.

A. Conclusion

After analyzing the CCU Class interview Transcription in the chapter IV the researcher give the conclusion about this thesis.

1. The researcher found inconsistency of English vowel use by the tourist at

Borobudur Temple who speaks in English.

2. The researcher found that from all six native speaker,the first native

speaker dominantly ( 65.62%) speak using BE, The second native speaker

dominantly ( 75%) speak using AE, The third native speaker dominantly (

56%) speak using BE, The fourth native speaker dominantly ( 91%) speak

using AE, The fifth native speaker dominantly ( 87.5%) speak using BE,

and the last native speaker dominantly (84.85%) speak using BE.

3. The researcher found that from all six native speaker, dominantly they

speak using AE (51%).

B. Suggestion

After finishing this thesis the researcher has some suggestions:

1. The teacher hopefully can consider the linguistict aspect from the object of

the research to be used as his teaching material. Student should do the

exercise about pronunciation orally in class and the teacher should give

them homework related to it.

96

97

2. The student should learn the use of correct spoken English, especially in

pronounciation, and to be more confident when they are speaking english.

3. The researcher should be delight in reading, and speaking to develop their

ability in mastering foreign language and used as reference by other

researchers who want to conduct a research related to the study of English

or similar study.

0

REFERENCE

Arikunto,Suharsimi. 2010. Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: BinaAksara.

Brown, H. Douglas. 2000. Language Assessment. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Celce-mucia, Mariane. Donna, Brinton. M. Janet Goodwin. 1996. Teaching Pronunciation: a Preference for Teacher of English to Speaker of Other languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hornby. 2000. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University press.

Kelly, Gerald. 2001. How to Teach Pronunciation. Longman, Inc.

Kenworthy, Joanne. 1998. Teaching English Pronunciation. New York: Longman, Inc.

McMahon, April. 2002. An Introduction to English Phonology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Ltd.

Nunan, David. 2007. Language teaching methodology : a text book for teacher. London: prectice hall

Ramelan. 1992. English phonetics. Semaramg: IKIP Semarang press.

Sugiyono,. 2009. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kuantitatif R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Http://www.answers.com/topic/tongue-twister (Accessed on November 4,2014 at

11.00 a.m)

Http://thefreedictionary.or/difinition/teaching. (Accessed on November 14,2014 at 14.00a.m).

Http://englishland/definition/pronunciation. (Accessed on November 14, 2014 at 19.00 p.m)

1

http://dictionary reference.com/browse/ability. (Accessed on November 10, 2014

at 09.00 a.m) http//www.borobudurpark.co.id .(Accessed on August 4,2014 at 11.00 a.m)

APPENDIX I

Transcription

FIRST INTERVIEWED

Lesta : Why did you come to Indonesia? Cristine : I’m here for travelling. I’m travelling around for one month. I just strarted here, so i just arrived here yesterday. And i will travel to east as well. Lesta : is this your first time coming to Indonesia? Cristine : yes, it is my first time. Lesta : ok, thank you. Next, my friend will ask you. Cristine : ok. Wahyu : do you have a job to come? Cristine : a job? I want to work here? No, it is just for holiday. Wahyu : for travelling? Cristine : yes, for travelling. Whayu : how does Indonesian culture compare with your own culture? Cristine : i think there is a big different. Just like classical relation. Mm, the behaving, behavior, the climate. I think it is really funtastic different between the other. Wahyu : do you mind telling me how old you are? Cristine : i’m thirty. Wahyu : Thirty, hmm you look so beautiful. Cristine : ow, thank you. Puji : do you ever get angry or feel frustated with cultural deiffereces? Cristine : i’m sorry. i think i don’t understand. Puji : do you ever have angry or feel frustated with deiffereces of cultural? Cristine : no, i don’t get angry. It just the variaties. It just different culture and we have to accept every culture. Puji : how about your family think about your coming to Indonseia? Cristine : for my family thinks? Puji : yes. Cristine : i think they are jealous because they couldn’t go with me. And i know it is good. Everyone just have a good think about Indonesia. Puji : do you mind me ask how you are financing your trip? Cristine: How i? Puji : how you are financing your trip? Cristine : Financing? Puji : yes Cristine : with my money. I was working ,and now, i spend all my money. Arif : so you come here with your family or you come here alone? Cristine : i came here alone, but today i will meet my two friends. So, no more alone in a few hour. Arif : this is your first time coming, right? So, how can you know Indonesia? May be your friend told you or you watched an advertisment on Tv. Cristine : Yes, i have alot of friends. They work here. They just told me a good thinks. Arif : how about your friends think about Indonesia? About the people of Indonesia. Critine : they alway told me that they are really friendly, really kind. Arif : but sometimes, they found that Indonesian people are cruel, may when in the news. How do you think? Cristine : Actually i can’t remember about the news in the last time. I think there was a really really special about Indonesia. Arif : I’m sorry, how well you speak Indonesia? Can you speak Indonesia? Cristine : sadly not. I have to learn. Someone told me yesterday how was good morning, but actaully i forgot. How was it good morning, once again? Arif : in Indonesia? Cristine : ya.. Arif : selamat pagi. Crsitine : ok, it is a bit difficult for me. Arif : yes. We are english student. How similar Indonesian language with your language? Cristine : i don’t know it is preety similar. I think the letters are same, so that are preety similar. Arif : where are you from? Cristine : I’m from Switzlerland. Arif : swiss? Cristine : yes, eropa. Arif : i think Indonesian is very different with english. They way to spell and the way to pronunce is very different. Cristine : yes, i heard Indonesian is you spell it how you can read it. Is that right? Arif : yes, that is right. Cristine : and that is not in English and German as welll sometimes. Arif : it really makes us difficult to understand english. Cristine : but you are speaking all very good english. Arif : ya, because we have practiced alot. Ms Cristine, may i take your picture? Critine : yes. All together? Arif : yes, but also one by one may be. Cristine : okey. Arif : okey, this is the end of our interview. Thank you very much. Cristine : your wellcome. Wait i have so much things in my hand. Thak you, thanks, see you, thank you. Arif : your wellcome. But, may i you to do something? Cristine : a sign? Arif : no, it is a questionare. Cristine : yes, about Indonesia? Lesta : Ms Crisitine, do you know Borobudur temple? Cristine : yes, i have heard about it but i haven’t see it. Probably tomorrow.

SECOND INTERVIEWED

Uli : Excuss me, may I and my friends practice our speaking English with you ? Carlos : Sorry? Uli : Would you mind if we interview you for academic reason? Carlos : Yeah, OK. Uli : Our lecturer, Mrs. Titi Rohayati gave us an assignment to interview a foreign for Cross Culture Understanding. Carlos : Well, but I don’t have much time. Go on. Uli : What’s your name, Sir? Carlos : I’m Carlos. Uli : Why did you come in Indonesia? Carlos : Pardon me? Hanung : Why did you come in here? Carlos : To Indonesia? Uli : Yes, why? Carlos : I come to Indonesia for a job. Okres : So, why now are you here? Carlos : I need for my job. I work for United State. I don’t just visit Indonesia, but another countries too. It’s so nice. Uli : What do you think about Indonesia Culture? Carlos : Very nice, there are many nice places, togetherness, it’s vice. Uli : Have you ever mad for different culture or people of Indonesia? Carlos : No, I haven’t it yet. I think they are respect. Uli : Can you speak Bahasa Indonesia? Carlos’ sister: Only TERIMA KASIH. Eri : Selamat pagi, selamat siang?. Hanung : Only Terima kasih? Uli : How do you think about the difference of Indonesia culture and your own culture? Carlos : It’s so very different. Okres : What is your vavorite Indonesian food? Carlos : Indonesian food? When I tried it, I liked it. Like.... Carlos’s sister: Gado‐gado, it’s very nice. Carlos : Yeah, gado‐gado. Indonesian food, there are many dishes, like small...hemm..when I walk I saw it in arround street and we are going to dinner. Eri : So, you stay in Jogjakarta? Why you stay in jogja? Carlos : Well, we stay in hotel. I don’t exactly the name, but it’s Indonesia name. Eri : Garuda Inn? Carlos : No, It’s not Garuda, It’s nor far from here. After that we are going to Bandung. So, you studied English? In Unyversity? Uli, Eri, Okres, Hanung : Ya. Carlos : That’s good. Okres : Are you going to back to Indonesia? Carlos : back to Indonesia? May be, but I don’t know. Eri : Bali? Carlos : No. I was in Bali for two weeks ago. Maluku, hemm.... Eri : Raja Ampat? Carlos : Rajet??? Eri : Raja Ampat, It’s very good. Papua, like Bunaken? Carlos : Papua...hahaaa Uli : What interesting places have you ever visited in Indonesia? Carlos and his sister : Borobudur, Bali, and what kinds of it in here? Carlos’ sister: Barana? Hanung : Prambanan. Carlos : So, what language do you speak? Uli : Indonesia language, Javenese. Carlos : Oh, so many. English too. So many stresses in English. Good. Uli : Whould you like to write your name and nationality and answer this questions? Carlos : Oh, yaa. Carlos’ sister : Can I take a picture? Uli, Okres : yes, Of course. Uli : what do you think of Indonesia’s season? Eri : Hot? Carlos’ sister: Oh no, Very hot. Eri : If you go to Dieng, Salatiga. It’s very cold. Carlos’ sister: Cold? Eri : Ya, You will get it. If You go to Semarang, there is Rawapening. Lake. Carlos’ sister: Oww, lake? Eri : Ya. Carlos : OK. Uli : Thank you. Carlos : Do you know Portuguese well—known? Uli, Eri : emm. No. Carlos : You don’t know? Cristian Ronaldo. Uli : Thank you so much, Sir. Enjoy your journey.

THIRD INTERVIEWED

Desi : Ok mister what is your name ? Sheraz : My name is Sheraz. Desi : Why did you come to Indonesia? Sheraz : I come just to spent my holiday, mylong weekend. Desi : Just spent your holiday? Sheraz : Yes. Desi : How long have you been here? Sheraz : In Jogjakarta just 3 days. Lisa : And Iam going to ask you. How similar is Bhs. Indonesia to your language? Sheraz : It is very very different. Lisa : How similar is the culture to your culture? Sheraz :I am from Australia and the Indonesia culture and Australia culture is very very different. Lisa : How well do you speak bhs. Indonesia and how well do you know the culture? Sheraz : Indonesian culture..I know the language and in the bahasa language I know only “apa kabar” and “terima kasih”. Desi : Just greating? Sheraz : Yeah..just greating.. Yuli : Oke..Do you ever get angry or feel frustrated with the culture differences? Sheraz : No… not really.I just holiday and I just enjoying my holiday Yuli : How do your family feel about your comingto Indonesia ? Sheraz :Oh.. they are fine. I’ve so many Indonesianfriends and my family have also. Yuli : Do you mind me asking you how are you financing your trip? Sheraz :My trip??? Iam working full time and When my holiday came I can come to Indonesia. Anggoro: My question is did you have a job to come? Sheraz :Job In Indonesia ? Oh no.. Anggoro: Do you mind me telling how old are you? Sheraz : Me? Iam 33 Anggoro: How does Indonesian culture compare with your culture? Sheraz : My culture?excatly I’ve some Indian pattern also so it is something similar something different. Iam also also and something same something different. Desi : Ok..Sir,, do you like Indonesia? Sheraz : Yes.. I have been came so many time, so I like Indonesia. Desi : What things in Indonesia do you like ? Sheraz : What do I like??ehmm…I like the building, the people, and the food. Yeah,,,I love the foods. Anggoro: Why you choose Indonesia? Desi : To spent your holiday? Sheraz : For me..Cause I know to live in Singapura is cost..For our flat is very cost. Desi : Ok..Sir, Thank you for your time.Very happy to meet you. Nice to meet you.. Sheraz : Ok..no problem..you guys too.I hope it can help. Yuli : May I take your photo? Desi : Photo together. Shenaz : Yeah you can

FOURTH INTERVIEWED

Transcript based on the interview with Mr. Sean Field from United State Anggi : What’s your name? Sean : My name nis Sean . Anggi : My name is anggi. Shodiq : My name is diqi , diqi or yes up to you. Sugiyarto : My name is sugi. Delia : Me delia. Sugiyarto : Where do you come from ? Sean : I’m from United State. Anggi : Why did you come to Indonesia ? Sean : I really want to see it, Iwant to see Bali , I want to see Jogjakarta and Anggi : Just make a journey . Sean : Ya , I’m in holiday about 2 months , so I go to Bali and I go to Bali and Lombok, Flores and I go to Jogjakarta . Shodiq : Many places you have visited in this country , yes right . Sean : Yes , I go to Java and than Bali , and than I’m back home . Shodiq : Its your choice . Why did you come to Indonesia ? Sean : I wanna see it . I wanna see the country in Indonesia and what they do . Anggi : Do you think that you like Indonesia ? Sean : I love Indonesia , people are nice, the culture is great, warm weather . Sugiyarto : Is this your first coming to Indonesia ? Sean : Yes it is. Sugiyarto : What do you feel about it ? Sean : Very good . Delia : What do you think about condition here ? Sean : You mean condition the whether or? Delia : Very hot . Sean : It is like where I from , where I from is very hot , so this is the summer time? Sugiyarto : What do you think about people ? Sean : People very nice . I can talk to you , very kind people . Shodiq : With whom you come to Indonesia ? By your self or? Sean : I’m alone . Delia : Can you speak Indonesian ? Sean : I don’t know , little bit that I can speak , terimakasih. Delia : Selamat pagi . Sean : Ya , I know nasi goreng . Anggi : You know nasi goreng . What food do you like from Indonesia ? Sean : I like fried rice , nasi goreng is very good , from Bali they have very good there are ayam betutu . Anggi : Chicken ? Sean : Ya , ayam it’s very good . Shodiq : How about drink that you like ? Sean : The drink ,the drink is very very sweet , you put a lot of sugar . Shodiq : You like , for example dawet , you know dawet ? Sean : I don’t know . Shodiq : May be you want to try it letter . Sean : ok Sugiyarto :are you staying in a hotel ? Sean : Ya. Near here. Ten minutes walk. Anggi : Do you want a little bit of Indonesia culture ? Sean : A little bit , ya , ya . Anggi : What is that ? Sean : I know that Java is the island that most of this country is moslem , I know a little bit about history. Anggi : You also know about the history ? Sean : I just read , little bit , not very much . Anggi : Is it interesting ? Sean : interesting , yeah it is very interesting.very good history . Sugiyarto : What do you think about Indonesian culture ? Sean : It is very , very differ , many of island , many people in Java different with people in Bali .different culture, you/they can live with different people Diki : can you tell me a little bit of your culture? Sean : so I’m from the south of United State, the culture is influence from the Greek, Italic, Spanish. Every year there is a big party there. About 2 weeks there are a lot of things in. the street, everybody wear costum. Anggi : really fantastic I think Sean : and everybody went around with jazz music Diki : there are many kinds of music, like Keroncong, Campur Sari, Band, and Dangdut. You know Rhoma Irama from Indonesia? I think it is a big dangdut group come from this country. Sean : ya …. Ok Sugi : do you know about batik? Sean : ya, I bought some batik yesterday Delia : what do you think about it? Sean : Beautiful, ya wonderful and so i want to make it, is very interesting to me. Sugiyarto : Is there any batik in your country ? Sean : No , I just know batik in here . Shodiq : If your business is over , do you prefer to go back to your country soon or you stay in Indonesia for awhile ? Sean : I wish I have more time , I will see more in this country but i just have ten days left and I will share to another . Sugiyarto : May be to you can come letter ? Sean : Come back , if I have time I would come back . Anggi : What your family think about your coming to Indonesia ? Sean : They are very interested , about what I’m seeing , what I’m doing what kinds of food that unique . Anggi : May be sometime you will bring them to Indonesia , may be ? Sean : I’d love too , ya , if they have time . Shodiq : What do you think about the women come from Indonesia ? Sean : My opinion about Indonesian women ? Very nice . Anggi : Like in your country may be ? Sean : Yes ya ya. Shodiq : If you have choice you choose women from to your country or in here may be . Sean : Oh I don’t know . Shodiq : Just kidding . Anggi : Which one do you like , Indonesian culture or your own culture ? Sean : Both . American culture is very differ , like my city , is very different culturte and the race of the country I don’t know which one I like . I like my own culture , becauseIndonesian culture I just know a little bit about . Anggi : So , you think that all culture is interesting for you ? Sean : Ya , I think so , I don’t know everything about your culture , I think it is very differ. 2 weeks to take me awhile. Sugiyarto : Would you mind to tell us how do you financing your trip to Indonesia ? Sean : I just say don’t worry . Anggi : Do you have any other job to come to Indonesia?or just for enjoy? Sean : yes, this is only for vacation. No working. I gonna back to United State to work. Anggi : Do you have any difficulty when you are coming at the fist time? Sean : No. I have no trouble. No problem Sugi : So, you are enjoy in this trip? Sean : very much. Don’t wanna go home but i have. Anggi : Thank you so much for your time Sean : with my pleasure Anggie : nice to meet you, really nice to meet you.

FIFTH INTERVIEWED

Romadhona : Hello, what is your name? Narc : I am Narc and she is Jessica. Romadhona : Please spell your name! Narc : N – A – R – C and J – E – S – S – I – C – A Romadhona : Where are you come from? Narc : French. Romadhona : French . . . . Bonjour Setya : Why did you come to Indonesia? Narc : Because I take around the world, so it’s one of our destination. Kukuh : Is it the first time? Narc : In Indonesia, Yes. Setya : How long will you stay in Jogjakarta? Narc : In Jogjakarta two days, In Indonesia two weeks. Setya : Where the other place you visit in Indonesia? Narc : Jakarta, Jogjakarta, Bromo, and Bali. Setya : Do you want to climb the mountain? Narc : Yes Romadhona : Do you like Indonesian traditional food? Narc : Traditional food? Yes , but without spicy. Romadhona : Like nasigoreng may be , then gudeg. Narc : Yes , but tidakpedas. Setya : You can speak Indonesia? Narc : No, No. I am not use it. Romadhona : Good morning in Indonesian is selamatpagi. Narc : Yes, selamatpagi. Kukuh : Did you have a job to come? Narc : Not in here. In French I have a job. Setya : So, What is your job? Narc : I am an Engineer Setya : wow..the great Job! Romadhona : What do you think about culture in Indonesia ? Narc : Ow .. It’s nice and very different from French. Setya : What is the differences between Indonesia and your Country? Narc : In language have many variety and it is very different. Kukuh : Did you need time to adapt with our culture? Narc : We were in Malaysia before, so we spent two weeks to close to take it. Muchdjabir : Could you compare our culture to your own culture! Narc : Ow ..yeah it’s very different. Place is not same , language is not same . and people is not same. Setya : Do you ever fet angry or feel frustrated with the cultural differences? Narc : We are here found the difference. We want to visit place. That’s very well so that we can’t be angry Romadhona : Do ypu like dance? Narc : I don’t like to dance but I like to see dance. Romadhona : Traditional dance or modern dance? Nach : Both of them. Muchdjabir : How about the music? Narc : I’m not too know the music, so I don’t know about the music. Setya : What is your hobby? Narc : Sports, playing cards, watching Tv. Romadhona : What is your hobby miss ? Jessica : Sewing Narc : Sewing ..like to make clothes. Romadhona : I see , like make shall may be. Muchdjabir : Do you mind me asking you how you are financing trip? Narc : It’s wedding trip , so we gonna wedding and we got money to go . Romadhona : May I asked you how old you are? Narc : I am twenty seven Jessica : I am twenty six Setya : You are so handsome and beautiful Narc : hehehehe Setya : How do your family feel about your coming to Indonesia? Narc : They know our trip. We share our picture in facebook and we can give a coment. So they know well we are. Setya : May I have your facebook? Narc : Oh yes, of course. Setya : Woukd you tell us the famous place in your country ? For example in Indonesia there areKraton and candi Borobudur. Narc : Eifel tower.I am sorry I’m write down facebook page in French, our facebook page. It is French, everything is different. Romadhona : Do you have favouriteactris in Indonesia ? Narc : Pardon me? Romadhona : Favouriteactris , may be agnesmonica? Setya : Anggun? Narc : OwAnggun , Yes I know. Is she from French? Setya : No, she from Indonesia but stay in French. Narc : Yes, we know. she is a judge in singing competition. Kukuh : Do you think that Indonesia’s history similar with your own country? Narc : I don’t know well about Indonesian history, so I don’t know. Hehe. Muchdjabir : How do you think about issue in Indonesia abou terrorism? Narc : Ow..we don’t know. Setya : What do you think about Kraton Jogjakarta? Narc : It’s very different, so its nice. Romadhona : Do you like gamelan? Narc : Gamelan? What is it? Romadhona : It’s music instrument. Narc : Yes Setya : So , what do you think about Indonesian people? Narc : They are very nice, hehe Romadhona : Friendly, may be? Narc : OwYes .hehe.

SIXTH INTERVIEWED

Tourist : Whats your name ? Interviewer : Pujo Susilo. You can call me Jo. Tourist : And your name ? Interviewer : My name is Riski. Tourist : Riski ? Interviewer : Yes Interviewer : and I’m Mirwana. You can call me Mimi. Tourist : Mimi ? Interviewer : You can call me Mimi. It’s easy right ? Interviewer : Where do you come from ? Tourist : UK. England,Wales,Scotland. Interviewer : oh,from UK. Yes,we know. I see. Interviewer : Why did you come to Indonesia ? Janet : We came to holiday to see you life,the culture. We’r travelling all the way to see Indonesia. We started from Medan and finished at Bali. Interview : And then you go here. Janet : ……. Beautiful Island Interview : May be you can go to Lombok. There’s so beautiful place. Janet : We’re gone to Bali Island. We went to another country because in the UKVery cold, freezing, minus 3. But,here is very hot. Interview : How long have you been here ? Janet : We’re been here one week and will be here for three weeks. Interview : With whom do you come to here ? Group or alone ? Beven : We with travel company to organized where we’ll stay. But, we decideThe one we went to …… Interviewer : What do you think about Indonesia people ? Janet & Beven : Very friendly. Interviewer : Thank you. Janet : You learn English Interviewer : Yes. Janet : Very hard Interviewer : yes, so hard Janet : Yes. Because we have different tenses. Interviewer : English very important in this era. How similar is bahasa Indonesia With your language ? Beven : Very different. No similiarities. Janet : Very different. Interviewer : Can you speak Indonesia ? Janet : No Interviewer : Maybe food, soto ayam Bebek goreng. Have you ever eaten Indonesia Traditional food ? Janet : ……. Traditional food ? Yes, very nice. Interviewer : what’s that ? Janet : special fried rice. Beven : Nasi goreng. Janet : gado‐gado Interviewer : How similar is my culture to your culture ? Janet : Very different. Very different. Isn’t it ? There so many cars not motor bike. Interviewer : Have you ever felt frustated in the different country ? Janet : Frustated ? No.no. just very interesting to see the way you live and to try to live as you do, and experience to your culture. Beven : we went to Cambodia, we wen to Angkor wat. It’s similar to Borobudur.Borobudur much better condition, Angkor wat through fall down all. Interviewer : How do your family feel about your coming here ? Beven : Making they mad. Interviewer : Have you married ? Janet : We are married. Interviewer : It is honeymoon or not ? Janet : we have married many years. We’ve children, grandchild, great grand children. Interviewer : How does Indonesia culture compare with your own culture ? Janet : Very different,about religion. Mostly about religion. Mostly christian.Not many people practice this religion. Not many people goes to church. Interviewer : How about your feeling for you first coming to Indonesia ? Janet : Yeah. It’s very interesting. We’ve seen orang hutan in the jungke. Like the monkey. I’d like terrible. Interviewer : Would you mind telling us how you are financing your trip ? Beven : We save for long. We work, save our money to come Indonesia. Janet : In one single year we have a big holiday. We go to different countries. Beven : We have to earn much money. We just not grown on trees. Interviewer : How old are you ? Janet : How old ? What do you think ? Interviewer : More than 50 ? Janet : Oh. Bad. Janet relation : Oh, bad . I l ove you. Interviewer : But you look energy. Janet : ah. Yes Beven : we are 68. Janet (speak to her relation) : How about you ? Telling how old are you ? Janet(relation) : 78 Interviewer : May be if you go back to your country. What will you bring as souvenir From Indonesia to your family in UK ? Janet : We take simple souvenir. We present …….. Interviewer : What is it ? Janet : We have many pictures. We write a diary everyday about we havedone. So, that we will remember. Beven : When you get old memory, you cannot remember. You can open tour diary. Interviewer : We want to know what’s the most place to visit by tourist in your Country ? Janet : London. London is the most popular place. Many things in London. We’re living wales and cheap. Interviewer : Do you have guide for guiding you here ? Janet : We’re got a book to tell us all about where we are going. Janet : Could we take a photo ? Interviewer : Of Course. Janet : What about you ? Interviewer : O. He ? Ok. No problem. Which one will be the first ? Janet : I think we have to go ? Interviewer : You have to write down your answer. There are some questions here. We have questionare. Beven : How many years are you doing this ? Interviewer : 6 th semester. 3 years. Beven : You have been doing for 3 years. Do you have college here doing The same thing ? Interviewer : Yes. But in another place. Janet Relation : When you finish your college ? What will you do ? Interviewer : We have traditional food from Indonesia, central Java from Purworejo. And the name is clorot. You wanna try ? Beven : How to eat ? Interviewer : You can push up from the bottom. Beven : Whats the taste ? I nterviewer : Sweat Beven : What is the made from ? Interviewer : Brown sugar and rice flour. Beven : Very good. Did you make this ? Interviewer : No, we bought it this morning. Interviewer : Thank you very much. Janet : Thank you. Thank you. Have nice day. Interviewer : Have nice holiday here. Jannet Relation : What’s you going to do after finish college ? Interviewer : Work. As a English teacher. Beven : I think its very well. Interviewer : Thank you very much Mr. Have a nice holiday in Indonesia. Beven : Thank you very much. Interviewer : If you wanna buy something here, you have deal with the seller. At least 50 % from the 1 st price. Beven : We have hat. It’s 50 rb. Interviewer : 25 thousand. It’s ok. So expensive. Would you like to take picture With us ? Beven : Comin’. Comin’. Interviewer : Thank you very much.Have nice holiday. Janet relation : take care. SEVENTH INTERVIEWED

Azizah : what’s your name? Ms.charlotte : charlotte, Azizah : and you? Ms.sarah : sarah Azizah : would you mind telling us how old you are? Ms.charlotte : i’m 26 Azizah : could you write down your name here,miss? Ms.charlotte : yea.. Ms.sarah : here?just under? We : yeah Nur :Where Do yoU Come From? Ms.charlotte : we live in bali,actually from england Nur : why did you come to indonesia? Ms.charlotte : to work,we are english teachers Dimas : by the way,is it your first time to come here?how long have you been here?how long will you stay here? Dimas : by the way,is it your first time to come here? how long have you been here? how long will you stay here? Ms.charlotte : yeah.just 3 days.on sunday we go back to bali Dimas : anyway,where are u staying now? Ms.charlotte : i’m…around …. Nur : in the hotel? Ms.charlotte : yeah,in the hotel Nur : with whom did u come here? Ms.charlotte : just us together Dimas : which place in indonesia that you have ever visited? Ms.charlotte : in java just here,yesterday we’ve gone to borobudur Dimas :how do your family feel about your coming to indonesia? Ms.charlotte : they loved it,because we can spend the holiday Dimas : how similar is bhs.indonesia with your lang? Ms.charlotte : quite different,some english words are used… Azizah : how about the culture? Ms.charlotte : i like the culture Nur : Ms.charlotte : i think people here they care about their family so they can spend time with their family,i think people here more relax Nur : how about the season here? Ms.charlotte :really…..hmmm….i like hot wheather… Azizah : do you ? Ms.charlotte : not really,i think may be some foreigners do.. But i don’t Azizah : have you ever visited Bromo mountain ? Ms.charlotte : only….only little bit,some strange words… Azizah : what kind of food have you ever tried? Ms.charlotte : i like sate,gado‐gado,nasi goreng,bakso… Nur : what’s your hobby? Ms.charlotte : flying fox,reading,travelling around to visit places, Azizah : wich is the most interesting place in ind,have you ever visited? Ms.charlotte : i like see another country side,so anywhere i really like it. Azizah : where are you going after this,miss? Ms.charlotte : i don’t know where,we haven’t decided it yet,just look around Azizah : thank you very much for your time, Ms.charlotte :you’re welcome

EIGHTH INTERVIEWED

Faikoh : OK. Hello. I am Faikoh. I’d like to ask you, how similar Bahasa Indonesia to your language ? Jake and Travis discuss for a while. Travis : Very different. We have the same alphabet. But the sound is completely different.  simple present Tami : Maybe you mean different in pronunciation? Julia : Like what word? Tami : Maybe like “A” we pronounced it with ‘a’ but you guys pronounced it with “ae”. Jake : Some words like tomat, it’s tomato. We heard it in few times. You can use that. Tami : certain words absorb from English Jake : ya, similar. Latin base, maybe. The sound is so different. And to understand it almost impossible, unless you know some. Faikoh : how similar is our culture to your culture ? Travis : it’s very different. Jake : I think like religiously, a large of Moslem in Indonesia whereas in United States it’s a minority , just small amount. Actually I think most people are Christian but even Christian don’t show their Christianity strongly. So, religion is a part of everyday life in United States. Faikoh : The last questions. How do your family feel about your coming to Indonesia ? Travis : Happy. They happy to see me visit new place. Jake : ya, they happy Julia : my mom support us, I intentionally travelling alone, so she feel a little scare, but she’s very supporting me . Wahyu : why did you came to Indonesia? Travis : Indonesia is very cool, and you have a beautiful scenery..and you people really.. (two thumbs up ) Jake : I did like the food. Tami : ow..you like the food ? What kind of food do you like ? Jake : well..spicy food. Tami : ow..spicy food ? since a lot of western I knew didn’t like the spicy food. Jake : ya..you can find a lot of Indonesian food in United States. I don’t know, but I like all the spicy food. I know lot of the spicy food here. I was excited about it. Tami : so, what’s your favorite ? Jake : Favorite ?I like sambals. All kind of sambals. Wahyu : what about Nasigoreng ? Jake : Nasigoreng ?is it like Mie goreng? Tami : it’s fried rice. Jake : Ow..I like everything. Everything. Julia : I like miegoreng. Tami :everything that spicy. You love that (speak to Jake) Jake : yes. Wahyu : so, how well do you speak in BahasaIndonesia and how well do you know about Indonesian culture? Julia : we don’t speak very well. Travis : I don’t speak much. Very little. Jake : yes, very little. Travis : because this is a short time we visit. Jake : that’s the point of traveling. To learn about the traditional way, and ya…I learn lot just in few days . Tami : so, this is your first time to Indonesia ? Jake and Julia : Yes. Tami : so, what your next visit after Jogja ?Where’s your next destination? Jake : we’re going from Jogja to Bromo. And then from Bromo to Bali. Tami : o, great. And after Bali you must visit Lombok as well. It’s good also. I stayed in bali almost for 2 years, and you’ll fall in love to Bali in few days. Jake : o.. really ? Julia : could it be Giliisland? Tami : yes, it’s part of Lombok. Julia : o.. really? Ok.. Tami : yes, you must visit there. Wahyu : did you have job to come ? Jake : I’m a student.So I just saved up the money and….you know, spent the last package from United States. Saved up and nowI’m choosing at all. Tami : so, what about you Julia? Julia : I have a part time job. Tami : ow.. Julia has a part time job. And what about you, Travis? Travis : I was working. And now my holidays. Qory : how long you have you been here ?how long you will stay here ? Jake : I am leaving first. On april 2ndandI’ll spend for 7 more days. Tami : in Jogja? Jake : In jogja? Oh..injogjaI’ll stay 2 more days. Qory : how long you have been here ? Jake : ten days? Yes, ten days. Qory : did you ever get angry or frustrated with the different culturein Indonesia? Travis : the people here are very nice. Jake : um..you know, when some places you go… if you don’t know the culture , they rude to you, they got frustrated with you, so you go frustrated with them, but here, there’s so nice so we’ll not get frustrated. Qory : ok, so the last question is, can you telling me how old are you? Sorry.. Travis : I am 28 Jake : I am 23 Julia : and I’m 26. Tami : so, you, travis and jake is a brother or? Jake : yes, we brothers Tami : ow. Yes, since I saw the similarities on your face. Tami : this is the questions from me. Maybe some out of the book, but still about cultural understanding.How do you financing your trip? If jake, it’s from saving the college cost maybe? Travis : yes, I’m working and we’re savings. Julia : yes, I’ve just working and I got money every day, so ya..i’m savings a lot for the past three months. Tami : ok, now I’ll ask about … the cultural differences is also about the habit, right?have you ever found an Indonesian people in US, California particularly, and have a cultural shock in there? Maybe your friend, colleagues? Jake : usually not a fresh from Indonesia, usually their parent came to United States, so they are Americanized. You know..umm.. I haven’t meet anybody that from Indonesia. Travis : its Asia, like Thai, Vietnamese, its not Indonesia. Tami : so you mean that people that their parent migrate to United State and so the way they act just Americanized. The next is,I bet you ever heard about Corruption, colution, and nepotism in Indonesia. What do you think about that ?maybe from media, maybe from tv, or from newspaper? Travis : I heard about the political struggle? But now it’s getting better ? Tami : yap..it’s better now. Travis : so, it’s already past.. Jake : it’s a lot of corruption, everywhere.,in every country, so it’s not surprising to hear about it. In here anymore in any other place. Tami : have you ever ..ummm..experienced with the different of your culture maybe like on time culture that belong to you, but slowly but surely is belong to eastern culture like me. So have you experienced with that? Umm..maybe you make an appointment with a person.. and oh my goodness,,, they come late.. mm.. have you ever had that experience ? with Indonesian people maybe? (Jake speak to Travis ) Travis : umm..ya.. everything is more slow down in here Indonesia. The western is very on time. Tami : so, is it allowed to people to come late ? Travis : it’s very bad.. Julia : you better to cancel it.. Tami : so, this is also one point the differences between us and you guys..western and eastern Jake : yes.. Tami : I also would like to ask about..in university, how you treat the difference culture when somebody come in to your country? How you treat them? I mean how to a new comer? New student?For Jake maybe that still in college?how you guys treat them to a new comer? Jake : I think we really accepting. Like you..cozthe university is a cool spot when you have that. that you have a lot different people to coming together . soI mean you.. you just more understanding about ..umm.. the university is about learning.. that it’s about learning right? So learning is the books also the people ..and so you have different people from different places that you wanna get to know. So you accepting.Well… Tami : ok..so this is the last questions, in Central Java particularly has a large Muslim, so what do you think guys about our outfit ? because certain people is thinking that Moslem is a terrorist, right? So what do you think guys about our outfit? Travis : ya, it’s just like in other spectrum. It’s good. It’s nice. It’s very different wardrobe because..ummm.. it’s very respectful outfit.. umm.. Elegant.It’s very elegent. It’s nice. Ya. Jake : and it’s like ..whatI’ve like Indonesian are .. I don’t know..more accepting? Like you can see somebody is in Hijab, and somebody is not in Hijab. Cos it’s a lot of Moslem country that’s not okay, so I like here more accepting the different. Tami : ok, so those the questions from us, maybe you guys have questions for us? Me maybe?Or one of them? Julia? Maybe you have certain questions to us? Julia : oow..ok.. what do you think about my clothing ? is it too… ??? (Tami speak to her friends ) Wahyu : sooosexxyyy… All laughs.. :‐D Tami : for me it is fine, since I see more in bali..haha… coz every people that come from another country bring their own culture right ? but maybe this is their first time so they said you’re sexy.. so..is there another questions that you wanna ask to us? Travis : how old do you usually wear Hijab for the first time ? Tami : actually it’s depend on their family. Certain people that has strong religion in Moslem they will start to make their daughter using hijab at 5 years old..when they go to the kindergarten. Now in our society it’s lot of people that open minded, they don’t push their children to use the hijab. So, Jake maybe you wanna ask something? But please don’t ask me MY AGE again..haha.. we/re 10 years different right? Haha.. Jake : ya..hahaha… Jake : how traditional umm..like an orthodoxmoslem .. how the girl and the boy meet and then… become you know.. get together.. Idon’t know..date..umm.. Tami : dating ? Jake : ya..dating ??I mean dating in moslem ?or maybe the scale..orthodox and normal ? Tami : in orthodox..no.. I mean in Moslem actually there is no dating. They will getting married and then dating after got married. But now, like I said before ..we have a lot of cultures from other country surround us and they absorb including the dating. So even their parents prohibited them for No dating, they will got dating, backstreet dating..haha… so that’s the way youth of Indonesian for the dating. So like when they go to college and their parents said no dating, they will said I have no dating, but actually they have. Jake : so, it’s secretly. Tami : that’s right. That’s why now parents in Indonesia more concern with their children and their circumstances. But now children aremore clever than their parents… Jake : interesting.. Tami : Ya..that’s the interesting of Indonesian culture.. haha… so, from Jogja you’ll depart first or together ? (askingjake) Jake : we will go to Bromo together and then Bali together and then fly out from Bali. Tami : so you have been get schedule in Bromo ? Jake : no… Tami : how many days you’ll spend in Bali ? Jake : I’ll be there in 2 or 3 days. But they gonna be there about a week. Tami : ow..okay.. so if you spend a week in bali, you can go from Padang bay by boat to Lombok. There is a boat or also there is a plane from Denpasar to Mataram. But it’s more fascinating if you go by ship. It’s more interesting with the views. Julia : is it quick ? Tami : yes, it’s quick. Only 2‐3 hours by ship. Now it’s a fast cruise ship from Padang bai to Lombok. It’s have a classes like airplane. Ok guys. So where’s the driver ?is he coming? Jake : yeah, I think he’s already in there ..parking near the market. Tami : okay..do you mind if you share your facebook or other social media ? Jake : Facebook? I never use mine. I have one but I never use it. Tami : so, twiter or maybe Instagram ? Jake : Instagram ?I have it… Tami : but you never use it ? Jake : no..I use Instagram, but facebookI have it but never use it.. Tami : okay..instagram..

NINTH INTERVIEWED

Aan : I will introduce the member of our group, my group come from Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. And I would like to interview with you about cross cultural between our cultural and your culture. My name is Aan budi nurcahyo, I’m krismiyati, me lilik widayati. Can I know your name? Wunne : My name is desiratov. Interviewers : Could you repeat again? Wunne : desiratov . It’s little bit difficult. Lilik : Where are you from? Wunne : We’re from Germany. Aan : Why did you come to Indonesia? Wunne : Many reason. No for my pleasure. Lilik : How long have you been in Indonesia? Wunne : Maybe about 3 weeks. Krismi : When did you arrive in Indonesia? Wunne : I t was 21st March. Aan : How long will you stay in Indonesia? Wunne : Maybe about 5 weeks. Lilik : How do you know Indonesia? Maybe from your friend, movie… Aan : what make you interested Indonesia, and you decide to come here? Wunne : ………….we have come here for 20 years ago. Interviews : oo…20 years ago years ago Wunne : very long time. Aan : what something that can make you amazing in Indonesia? Wunne : actually Bali. Interviewers : Bali.. Wunne : Bali, also Borobudur Temple. Lilik : How many places that have you been visited? Wunne : in Indonesia? Actually Bali, Bororbudur. Krismi : And Mendut Temple. Wunne : Many years ago we go to Ambon? Krismi : Why did you go to Ambon? Wunne : Because of my curiosity. Krismi : What curiosity that make you went to Ambon? Wunne : to know about the different country, different people and culture. Aan : have you been frustrated, maybe..ah Indonesia is annoying that is made by Indonesian people. Wunne : No, they are friendly. Lilik : After you are in Indonesia. What do you think about culture in Indonesia? Wunne : ………..because we just in Bali. Bali is different from Indonesia. Interviewers : may be with Java. Aan : maybe about people interaction how to life? Wunne : what do you mean? Bali and Java? Lilik : No, between Indonesia and Germany Wunne : People are different culture are different. Aan : So, theree isn’t similarity between your culture and Indonesian culture? Wunne : No. Aan : maybe about Indonesian people interaction in public? Is it different? Wunne : You know that people here more friendly. Aan : Your country is individual or friendly? Wunne : Not yet. People in the Germany are not friendly. Aan : People in the Germany is individualistic madam. Wunne : Yes. Lilik : What your opinion about Indonesian language? Wunne : I know about …, soto ayam, nasi goreng, bebek , I know selamat datang. Lilik : After you know Indonesian language, is it difficult to you? Wunne : To learned? It’s not difficult, it’s not too difficult. Aan : I know a word of Germany but I don’t know the meaning Indonesia. Can you tell me the meaning of aufklarung? Wunne : Aufklarung? Where did you get it? Aan : I get it at the movie; the meaning is I don’t know Wunne : to make other people to understand something, something like that. Krismi : By the way is there similarity between Germany language and Indonesian language? Wunne : Not yet. Lilik : You come to Indonesia with your family? Wunne : With my husband. Lilik : Oh, with your husband Aan : Do you have a children Wunne : No. Interviewers : O… Wunne : In Germany, people don’t have children is no problem while people in Indonesia is a problem. Interviewers : So, it’s the different culture Wunne : I know for Indonesian woman are terrible, in Germany is not problem. Lilik : How about living family? You live with your family? Krismi : Or with your husband? Wunne : People in the Germany when they 20 they go to study get a job. Lilik : It’s different from Indonesia Wunne : they go to different places to learn. So they go to US to live … so they are separated. So, it’s complicated. Aan : After you have been here for a long time, would you like to love Indonesia? Wunne : I just want to live in Bali. Lilik : Why do you like Bali much? Wunne : Why I like Bali is because of the nature. Krismi : Maybe about the tourist resorts that make you stay at Bali Wunne : No, we live in village. So, we have nothing to do with the resort. Lilik : Could you teach me about your language? Wunne : I know, soto. Interviewers : What is good morning in Germany? Wunne : Gutten morgen. Krismi : Maybe about Kindergarten Wunne : Gutten morgen kindergarten it means good morning everybody. Aan : Please could you repeat after me in Indonesian language. It’s for our lecturer Krismi : Maybe in English “ Good morning” my lecturer’s name Mrs. Titi. And could you repeat after me. Selamat pagi bu Titi. Wunne : Selamat pagi bu Titi. Ok thank you. Aan : I hope you can meet with bu Titi because Mrs. Titi is very beautiful Krismi : Saya harap saya dapat bertemu dengan bu Titi Wunne : Saya harap saya dapat bertemu dengan bu Titi. Krismi : What is Germany language to say terima kasih in Germany? Wunne : Filing dun. Lilik : Maybe will you spell your name maybe? Wunne : Ok. I will spell my nick name, that very short wunne. Aan : Ok I think, thank you for spending your time. Thank you very much Wunne : It’s ok. Your English is very good. Interviewers : Ok thank you, have a nice holiday Krismi : May I take a picture with you and your husband? Wunne : sure.

TENTH INTERVIEWED

Zulima K :Excuse me, Do you speak English? Mr. Rava :Yes, little Zulima K :Would you like to be interviewed? Mr. Rava :Yes. From the collage (what college are you from?) Dewi A :Yes, From Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo Mr. Rava :Journalist? All :No, English education. Yuli R :What is your name? Mr. Rava :Rafa Yuli R :Let me introduce my friends. My name is Yuli, and then Ima, Dewi, Wiwin. Mr. Rava :Oh, nice to meet you. All :Nice to meet you too. Dewi A :Where do you come from? Mr. Rava :Spain, savija and i live in Bandung. Yuli R :How long heve you been here? Mr. Rava :Now 6 months but 2 years possible but possibly. Dewi A :Have you job? Mr. Rava :Yes, in Aerospace Indonesia. Wiwin M :About the culture. What do you think about the culture in indonesia? Mr. Rava :Culture? Wiwin M :Culture. Mr. Rava :What culture do you mean? Wiwin M :That is about our language, our attitudes Mr. Rava :Oh, that is custome. Ok but i like but very very different from my custom because the food is very pedas. Wiwin M :Oh pedas. Guide :Spicy Mr. Rava :The language is very difficult for me and the traffic is awkward but I like your country. Wiwin M :Ok, Thank you. About tourism in indonesia. Do you know about tourism in Indonesia? Yuli R :Object Tourism. Dewi A :Other Borobudur Yuli R :Other Places. Mr. Rava :Places? Yuli R :Yes Places in Indonesia. Mr. Rava :Garut. Yuli R :And then? Mr. Rava :Sukabumi, the mountain white, volcano white, and I don’t remember the name. Yuli R :What kind of food do you like here in Indonesia? Mr. Rava :Mc Donalds. No, no I like rice, rice about. Zulima K :Fried rice? Mr. Rava :Yes, but Sundanese rice is a plate Sundanese. Wiwin M :Do you ever get angry about the cultural differences? Mr. Rava :No, If you will go to Spain, you is different from you. But you enjoy it and learning about things new from you. Zulima K :What do you think about Indonesian people ? Mr. Rava :Very funny. All :Why very funny? Mr. Rava :Always smile, Mr..Mr..Mr..... Yuli R :Ok, is there any similarities between indonesia culture and your culture? Mr. Rava :Yes it’s similar. Wiwin M :What is similarities of our culture and your culture? Mr. Rava :Oh, similar..similar, little...little... It is different, but their smiling in Spanish the people smiling too. Wiwin M :Yes, About your Family or your friends? Mr. Rava :No, for job. Wiwin M :Who is the friends that waiting you? Mr. Rava :They go, I stay alone. they waiting for me in the car. Zulima K :Where will you go after this. Mr. Rava :Another, now I want to Hotel but tommorow I will go another Hindus’ famous monument. Yesterday you will interview in Prambanan? Dewi A :It’s so far. Wiwin M :I think that’s all. Mr. Rava :My handphone (answering phone). Wiwin M :I thinks it’s enough Mr. Rava :Finish? Wiwin M :Yes, thank you very much. Yuli R :Thank you for interview Mr. Rava :What is it? In what chanel? Wiwin M :Oh no. Yuli R :There is no chanel. Mr. Rava :I would you take a picture. All :Oh yes.