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Henry Sidney (1641-1704), Earl of Romney, and Robert Spencer (1641-1702), Second Earl of Sunderland

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Henry Sidney (1641-1704), Earl of Romney, and Robert Spencer (1641-1702), Second Earl of Sunderland This is a repository copy of Henry Sidney (1641-1704), Earl of Romney, and Robert Spencer (1641-1702), Second Earl of Sunderland. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/90082/ Version: Published Version Book Section: Brennan, MG (2015) Henry Sidney (1641-1704), Earl of Romney, and Robert Spencer (1641-1702), Second Earl of Sunderland. In: Hannay, MP, Brennan, MG and Lamb, ME, (eds.) The Ashgate Research Companion to the Sidneys, 1500-1700. Volume 1: Lives. Ashgate Research Companions . Ashgate Publishing Limited , 169 - 176. ISBN 978-1-4094-5038-2 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. 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[email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ © Copyrighted Material HenrySidney earlofRomneyandRobertSpencer SecondearlofSunderland www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com MichaelgBrennan Henry Sidney and the House of Orange ThecrucialroleofColonelHenrySidneyearlofRomneyfromduringthesin supportingtheclaimsoftheHouseofOrangeandWilliamiiitotheenglishthroneisnow often underestimated and merits reassessment in May Colonel Sidney the fourth survivingandyoungestsonofRobertSidneysecondearlofLeicesterandDorothyPercywww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com SidneyCountessofLeicesterledaninfantryregimentintheBritishexpeditionaryforce toFlandersThesecircumstancesprovidedhimwithanopportunitytobegincultivatinga lastingfriendshipwiththeProtestantWilliamiiiPrinceofOrangethefuture KingWilliamiiiThetimewasripefortheactivefosteringofAngloDutchrelationsbecause onnovemberWilliamhadmarriedPrincessMarydaughterofJamesDukeofyork andtherebybecamealikelycandidatefortheenglishthroneifhisfatherinlawwasexcluded becauseofhisCatholicismHenrySidneyspersonalcontactswiththeprincewerejudgedso promisingthatinJunehewasappointedasenvoyextraordinarytotheStatesgeneral oftheUnitedProvinceswithabrieftomaintainadefensivealliancewiththeDutchagainst FranceSidneyfamilyconnectionsprovedcrucialtothispoliticalappointmentsinceithad beenengineeredlargelythroughtheinuenceoftwocloseassociateshisownnephewand coevalRobertSpencerfromsecondearlofSunderlandandtheprecedingenglish envoy at The Haguewww.ashgate.com Sir William www.ashgate.com Temple www.ashgate.com who was the grandson of Sir Philip Sidneys trusted secretary during the s William Temple and the nephew of Henry HammondformerlyRectorofPenshurst HenrySidneysrelationshipwithWilliamiiiPrinceofOrangeourishedduringthe nexttwodecadesandhebecameavaluableconduitfordiplomaticnegotiationsbetween the english and Dutch The two men often dined and hunted together and Sidney was treatedbytheprinceandhisfamilyasatrustedcondantOnAugustforexample heaccompaniedWilliamonapoignanttriptoviewtheforticationsofZutphenSidney Diary where his greatuncle Sir Philip Sidney had received his mortal wound in SeptemberAnothertypicalreferenceinoneofhisleersdatedDecember recordshowthateveningthePrinceandPrincessofOrangeandPrinceofHanoverdo me the honour to come to my house They shall have music and dancing and the best entertainmenticangivethemDiary www.ashgate.comThislevelofpersonalintimacybetweenHenrySidneyandPrinceWilliamiiiwasalso www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com founded upon a century of mutual respect and friendship between the Sidneys and the © Copyrighted Material © Michael G. Brennan (2015) From Margaret P. Hannay, Michael G. Brennan, and Mary Ellen Lamb (eds), The Ashgate Research Companion to The Sidneys, 1500–1700: Volume 1: Lives, published by Ashgate Publishing. See: http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9781409450382 © Copyrighted Material THE ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION TO THE SIDNEYS, 1500–1700: VOLUME 1 HouseofOrangeTheprincesgreatgrandfatherWilliamitheSilentPrinceofOrange hadhopedintomarryhisdaughterMarieofnassautoHenrySidneys greatuncleSirPhilipSidneywhoduringtheearlyshadbeenkeentojoinWilliam ismilitaryforcesPhilipsyoungerbrotherRobertSidneyservedasgovernorofFlushing fromuntilandwhenhiseldestsonandheirWilliamwasborninnovember LouisedeColignyPrincessofOrangethefourthandlastwifeofWilliamihadstoodas godmotherforthechristeningFiftyyearslaterHenrySidneysolderbrotherAlgernonsee ScoARCsoughtinlateamilitaryappointmentintheforcesofWilliamiiPrince ofOrangeinadvanceoftheprincesmarriageonMaytoMaryHenrieaStuartthe PrincessRoyalandeldestdaughterofKingCharlesiWhenaddressingtheDutchAssemblywww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com atTheHagueinAugustHenrySidneywasjustiablyproudtorecall iamverygladtobeemployedinaserviceofsogreatimportancetoboth nationsandishallnotfailtocontributeallmyendeavourstowardsitand your Lordships having had so many of my family engaged formerly in employmentsherewillihopetakeitasanearnestofmyowngoodaection totheserviceoftheStateDiary OnJanuaryHenrySidneyalsocrypticallynotedinhisdiarythatMonsieurZulestein wasmarriedDiaryaneventthatprovidedyetanotherSidneyfamilyconnection sinceWilliamFrederickvannassauvanZuylesteinlaterearlofRochfordmarriedJane WrothaMaidofHonourtoMaryPrincessofOrangeandthedaughterof HenryWrothanephewofHenrySidneysauntLadyMaryWrothwww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com FollowingthedeathofKingCharlesiiinFebruaryHenrySidneycrossedonce againtotheLowCountriesinthefollowingnovemberandrenewedhisfriendshipwiththe PrinceofOrangeandhisProtestantwifePrincessMaryBytheyearoftheglorious Revolution when the prince was poised to invade england to support his claim to the throneHenrySidneywasrmlyestablishedashischiefintermediarywithsupportersin englandHewasprominentinthedraftingoftheformalleerthenalversionwasinhis handthatwasdeliveredtoWilliamonJuneinvitinghimtocrossovertoengland gilbertBurnetwhowasthenservingasWilliamspersonalchaplainrecordedthatSidney wasthemaninwhosehandstheconductofthewholedesignwaschieydepositedbythe princesownorderBishop Burnet’s HistoryHelandedwiththeprinceatTorbayon novemberashisseniorcommandingocerintheeldwiththerankofmajorgeneral fortheHouseofOrangeslargelypeacefulclaimingoftheenglishthrone HenrySidneyprosperedduringthereignofKingWilliamiiiandonCoronationDaywww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com AprilwascreatedBaronMiltonandViscountSidneyofSheppeyinhewas appointedasaPrivyCouncillorFirstgentlemanoftheBedchamberandLordLieutenant andViceAdmiralofKentfollowedbytheWardenshipoftheCinquePortsandConstable of Dover Castle along with generous royal grants of extensive lands in ireland Most prominently he occupied the public and symbolic role of one of the kings most experiencedmilitarycommandersechoinghisfamilysproudtraditionofroyalmilitary service stretching back to the distinction achieved by his greatgreatgrandfather Sir WilliamSidneyattheBaleofFloddenDuringsummerheservedduringthe irishcampaignculminatinginhisparticipationattheBaleoftheBoyneandtheSiegeof LimerickinMayhewasnamedduringWilliamiiisabsenceinFlandersasoverall commanderofallfootregimentsandinMarchwasappointedasLordLieutenantof irelandwherehisbrotherPhilipthirdearlofLeicesterhisfatherRobertthesecondearl andhisgreatgrandfatherSirHenrySidneyhadallheldhighoceseeWarkentinwww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com ARC McgowanDoyleARCRecalledtoenglandinhewaschosenasMastergeneral © Copyrighted Material 170 Copyright material: You are not permitted to transmit this file in any format or media; it may not be resold or reused without prior agreement with Ashgate Publishing and may not be placed on any publicly accessible or commercial servers. © Copyrighted Material HENRY SIDNEY, EARL OF ROMNEY, & ROBERT SPENCER, SECOND EARL OF SUNDERLAND oftheOrdnanceakeypostinrelationtobothnationalsecurityandWilliamiiismilitary plansontheContinentinMayhewaspromotedtotherankoflieutenantgeneraland createdrstearlofRomney BynowinhismidftiesHenrySidneyretiredfromactiveeldservicebutremained prominentinmilitaryprocurementandpageantryHetookaleadingroleintheLondon celebrationsfollowingtheenglishtriumphattheSiegeofnamurandthesigning oftheTreatyofRyswickwhichconcludedthenineyearsWarandwhichhadbeen managedbyhisnephewRobertSpencerThisperiodmarkedtheapogeeoftheroyalcourt careersofbothHenrySidneyandRobertSpencerandtheywerenamedtogetheramong theLordJusticestogovernthecountryduringWilliamiiisabsenceinHenrySidneywww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com remainedonintimatepersonaltermswiththekingaccompanyinghimonthreeseparate visits to The Hague between and King William iii died on March on SeptemberofthesameyearRobertSpencerdiedofheartfailureandwassucceededas thirdearlofSunderlandbyCharlesc.hisonlysurvivingsonTheaccessionof QueenAnneeectivelyendedHenrySidneyspubliccareerandhediedofthesmallpoxon April Education, Continental Travel, and Court Careers of Henry Sidney and Robert Spencer HenrySidneysdistinguishedcourtcareerduringthelastquarteroftheseventeenthcenturywww.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com www.ashgate.com ofteninterlinkedwiththatofhisnephewandcoevalRobertSpencerearlofSunderland withwhomhehadgrownupasachildHowevereventhoughSidneyandSpenceras
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