Solnhofen Ein Fenster in Die Jurazeit
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The Long-Term Ecology and Evolution of Marine Reptiles in A
Edinburgh Research Explorer The long-term ecology and evolution of marine reptiles in a Jurassic seaway Citation for published version: Foffa, D, Young, M, Stubbs, TL, Dexter, K & Brusatte, S 2018, 'The long-term ecology and evolution of marine reptiles in a Jurassic seaway', Nature Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018- 0656-6 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1038/s41559-018-0656-6 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Nature Ecology & Evolution Publisher Rights Statement: Copyright © 2018, Springer Nature General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 04. Oct. 2021 1 The long-term ecology and evolution of marine reptiles in a Jurassic seaway 2 3 Davide Foffaa,*, Mark T. Younga, Thomas L. Stubbsb, Kyle G. Dextera, Stephen L. Brusattea 4 5 a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, James Hutton Road, 6 Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FE, United Kingdom; b School of Earth Sciences, University of 7 Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, England, United 8 Kingdom. -
Pterosaur Distribution in Time and Space: an Atlas 61
Zitteliana An International Journal of Palaeontology and Geobiology Series B/Reihe B Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung für Pa lä on to lo gie und Geologie B28 DAVID W. E. HONE & ERIC BUFFETAUT (Eds) Flugsaurier: pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer CONTENTS/INHALT Dedication 3 PETER WELLNHOFER A short history of pterosaur research 7 KEVIN PADIAN Were pterosaur ancestors bipedal or quadrupedal?: Morphometric, functional, and phylogenetic considerations 21 DAVID W. E. HONE & MICHAEL J. BENTON Contrasting supertree and total-evidence methods: the origin of the pterosaurs 35 PAUL M. BARRETT, RICHARD J. BUTLER, NICHOLAS P. EDWARDS & ANDREW R. MILNER Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas 61 LORNA STEEL The palaeohistology of pterosaur bone: an overview 109 S. CHRISTOPHER BENNETT Morphological evolution of the wing of pterosaurs: myology and function 127 MARK P. WITTON A new approach to determining pterosaur body mass and its implications for pterosaur fl ight 143 MICHAEL B. HABIB Comparative evidence for quadrupedal launch in pterosaurs 159 ROSS A. ELGIN, CARLOS A. GRAU, COLIN PALMER, DAVID W. E. HONE, DOUGLAS GREENWELL & MICHAEL J. BENTON Aerodynamic characters of the cranial crest in Pteranodon 167 DAVID M. MARTILL & MARK P. WITTON Catastrophic failure in a pterosaur skull from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil 175 MARTIN LOCKLEY, JERALD D. HARRIS & LAURA MITCHELL A global overview of pterosaur ichnology: tracksite distribution in space and time 185 DAVID M. UNWIN & D. CHARLES DEEMING Pterosaur eggshell structure and its implications for pterosaur reproductive biology 199 DAVID M. MARTILL, MARK P. WITTON & ANDREW GALE Possible azhdarchoid pterosaur remains from the Coniacian (Late Cretaceous) of England 209 TAISSA RODRIGUES & ALEXANDER W. -
Steneosaurus Brevior
The mystery of Mystriosaurus: Redescribing the poorly known Early Jurassic teleosauroid thalattosuchians Mystriosaurus laurillardi and Steneosaurus brevior SVEN SACHS, MICHELA M. JOHNSON, MARK T. YOUNG, and PASCAL ABEL Sachs, S., Johnson, M.M., Young, M.T., and Abel, P. 2019. The mystery of Mystriosaurus: Redescribing the poorly known Early Jurassic teleosauroid thalattosuchians Mystriosaurus laurillardi and Steneosaurus brevior. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64 (3): 565–579. The genus Mystriosaurus, established by Kaup in 1834, was one of the first thalattosuchian genera to be named. The holotype, an incomplete skull from the lower Toarcian Posidonienschiefer Formation of Altdorf (Bavaria, southern Germany), is poorly known with a convoluted taxonomic history. For the past 60 years, Mystriosaurus has been consid- ered a subjective junior synonym of Steneosaurus. However, our reassessment of the Mystriosaurus laurillardi holotype demonstrates that it is a distinct and valid taxon. Moreover, we find the holotype of “Steneosaurus” brevior, an almost complete skull from the lower Toarcian Whitby Mudstone Formation of Whitby (Yorkshire, UK), to be a subjective ju- nior synonym of M. laurillardi. Mystriosaurus is diagnosed in having: a heavily and extensively ornamented skull; large and numerous neurovascular foramina on the premaxillae, maxillae and dentaries; anteriorly oriented external nares; and four teeth per premaxilla. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal M. laurillardi to be distantly related to Steneosaurus bollensis, supporting our contention that they are different taxa. Interestingly, our analyses hint that Mystriosaurus may be more closely related to the Chinese teleosauroid (previously known as Peipehsuchus) than any European form. Key words: Thalattosuchia, Teleosauroidea, Mystriosaurus, Jurassic, Toarcian Posidonienschiefer Formation, Whitby Mudstone Formation, Germany, UK. -
AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by Number 701 Thnmamerican Mu Hirtoryfjnatural March 12, 1934
AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by Number 701 THNmAmERICAN Mu HIrToRYFJNATURAL March 12, 1934 56.81, 4:091 THE DESLONGCHAMPS PUBLICATIONS ON FOSSIL CROCODILES' BY CHARLES C. MOOK AND LEONORA R. BORKER I. INTRODUCTION In connection with a detailed examination of the literature on fossil crocodiles for monographic purposes, we have noted many references to publications bearing the name Deslongehamps, and that considerable confusion has existed concerning them. It is the purpose of this article to attempt to clear up uncertainties regarding many of these publications. To accomplish our purpose it is necessary to note the fact that there were two men surnamed Deslongchamps who studied and described fossil crocodiles. They were Jacques-Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps who lived from 1794 to January 18, 1867, and his son called either Eugene Deslongehamps or Eugene Eudes-Deslongchamps who was born in 1830 and died in 1889. We shall consider first the work of the father. II. JACQUES-AMAND EUDES-DESLONGCHAMPS The first article on fossil crocodiles published by J. A. Eudes-Des- longehamps that we have been able to find appeared in Volume XIII of L'Institut in 1845.2 However, this date does not mark the beginning of his interest in fossil crocodiles, for in his description of Teleosaurus geoffroyi he mentions the fact that he obtained the material under dis- cussion in 1819. Then, in the discussion of Steneosaurus megistorhynchus, Eugene Deslongehamps mentions the fact that his father corresponded with E. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire concerning this fossil. Since Geoffroy St.- Hilaire died in 1844, this correspondence must have taken place previous to that date. -
Thalattosuchia Author(S): Mark T
www.palaeontologyonline.com Title: Fossil Focus: Thalattosuchia Author(s): Mark T. Young, Sven Sachs and Pascal Abel Volume: 8 Article: 5 Page(s): 1-13 Published Date: 01/05/2018 PermaLink: https://www.palaeontologyonline.com/articles/2018/fossil-focus-thalattosuchia IMPORTANT Your use of the Palaeontology [online] archive indicates your acceptance of Palaeontology [online]'s Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.palaeontologyonline.com/site-information/terms-and- conditions/. COPYRIGHT Palaeontology [online] (www.palaeontologyonline.com) publishes all work, unless otherwise stated, under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) license. This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the published work, even commercially, as long as they credit Palaeontology[online] for the original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered by Creative Commons and is recommended for maximum dissemination of published material. Further details are available at http://www.palaeontologyonline.com/site-information/copyright/. CITATION OF ARTICLE Please cite the following published work as: Young, M.T., Sachs, S. & Abel, P. Fossil Focus: Thalattosuchia. Palaeontology Online, Volume 8, Article 5, 1-13. Published on: 01/05/2018| Published by: Palaeontology [online] www.palaeontologyonline.com |Page 1 Fossil Focus: Thalattosuchia by Mark T. Young*1, Sven Sachs2 & Pascal Abel3 Introduction: To most people, crocodilians are large-bodied carnivores that have been unchanged since the age of the dinosaurs. However, during their 230 million-year history, modern crocodilians and their extinct relatives evolved a stunning diversity of body plans, with many looking very different from those alive today (crocodiles, alligators, caimans and gharials). -
Bulletin 51 New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science A
Bulletin 51 New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science A Division of the DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL AFFAIRS Crocodyle tracks and traces edited by Jesper Milàn, Spencer G. Lucas, Martin G. Lockley and Justin A. Spielmann Albuquerque, 2010 Milàn, J., Lucas, S.G., Lockley, M.G. and Spielmann, J.A., eds., 2010, Crocodyle tracks and traces. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 51. 83 FIRST RECORDS OF CROCODYLE AND PTEROSAUR TRACKS IN THE UPPER JURASSIC OF PORTUGAL OCTÁVIO MATEUS 1,2 AND JESPER MILÀN 3,4 1 Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdades de Ciências e Tecnologia- CICEGe, Monte de Caparica, Portugal; 2 Museu da Lourinhã, Rua João Luis de Moura, 2530-157 Lourinhã, Portugal, e-mail: [email protected]; 3 Department of Geography and Geology - Geology Section, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. e-mail: [email protected]; 4 Geomuseum Faxe, Østsjællands Museum, Højerup Bygade 38, DK-4660 Store Heddinge, Denmark. e-mail: [email protected] Abstract—The Upper Jurassic of Portugal has a rich vertebrate fauna well documented from both body and trace fossils. Although the occurrence of crocodyles and pterosaurs is well documented from body fossils, trace fossils from both groups were unknown until now. Here we describe an isolated crocodyle-like track from Praia da Peralta and pterosaur tracks from the Kimmeridgian of Pedreira do Avelino, Sesimbra (Azóia Fm.) and Porto das Barcas, Lourinhã (Lourinhã Fm.). An enigmatic track suggests the possible presence of a small, tail-dragging tetrapod. Possible track-makers are suggested based on the known Late Jurassic vertebrate fauna of Portugal. -
One Day in the Field.Pdf
ONE DAY IN THE FIELD This is a detailed account of our branch day-in-the-field, as seen through the eyes of our Branch Organiser, Mike Friday......Enjoy July 08, 2006 Introduction On July 8 2006, a good number of us met at the Bedford Museum for a talk and presentation by the Keeper of Natural History, Chris Andrew. This consisted of a potted history of the Oxford Clay Quest Brick-Pit at Stewartby, to the south west of Bedford, which was the location for our afternoon trip. Stories derived from a number of its workers, an insight into the kind of machinery used and the kinds of fossils that can be found at the site provided an entertaining morning. The essential details of the pit are explained by Chris, below, who very kindly supplied me with the text. The Jurassic Oxford Clay marine sediments extensively cover South East England from Dorset to Yorkshire. Although still appearing in the Late Jurassic as the Late Oxford Clay stage of the Oxfordian series, the majority occurs in the Middle Jurassic Callovian stage as the Early and Middle Oxford Clay, see Figure 1. Figure 1 The stratigraphy and age of the Oxford Clay Tom Miller, in Quest Pit Quest Pit (from Chris Andrew) Quest Pit is currently the only working Oxford Clay brick-pit in Bedfordshire. The pit exposes Lower Oxford Clay and the base of the Middle Oxford Clay; drainage trenches expose the very top of the more silty Kellaways Beds. The Oxford Clay is most famous for its vertebrate fauna. -
Redalyc.Reevaluation of the Holotype of Plesiosaurus (Polyptychodon
Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas ISSN: 1026-8774 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Buchy, Marie-Céline Reevaluation of the holotype of Plesiosaurus (Polyptychodon) mexicanus Wieland, 1910 from the ?Upper Jurassic of Mexico: a thalattosuchian, not a sauropterygian Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, vol. 25, núm. 3, 2008, pp. 517-522 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Querétaro, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57225310 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de CienciasReevaluation Geológicas, of the holotypev. 25, núm. of 3,Plesiosaurus 2008, p. 517-522 (Polyptychodon) mexicanus Wieland, 1910 517 Reevaluation of the holotype of Plesiosaurus (Polyptychodon) mexicanus Wieland, 1910 from the ?Upper Jurassic of Mexico: a thalattosuchian, not a sauropterygian Marie-Céline Buchy Museo del Desierto, Prolongación Pérez Treviño 3745, Centro Metropolitano Parque Las Maravillas, 25015 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. [email protected] ABSTRACT The holotype of the fi rst sauropterygian described from Mexico, Plesiosaurus mexicanus Wieland, 1910, was recently rediscovered and is here described and discussed for the fi rst time in almost a century. The holotype specimen belongs to an indeterminate metriorhynchine crocodyliform. Doubts remain as to the stratigraphic origin of the specimen, whether Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous. It adds a specimen to the recently recognised wealth of the Mexican Gulf in thalattosuchians. Key words: Thalattosuchia, Metriorhynchinae, Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous, Mexico. -
106. Johnson, Young, Brusatte
Edinburgh Research Explorer Emptying the Wastebasket: A Historical and Taxonomic Revision of the Jurassic Crocodylomorph Steneosaurus Citation for published version: Johnson, M, Young, M & Brusatte, S 2020, 'Emptying the Wastebasket: A Historical and Taxonomic Revision of the Jurassic Crocodylomorph Steneosaurus', Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 189, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa027 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa027 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 Abstract Teleosauroidea is a clade of successful ancient crocodylomorphs that were integral components of coastal marine environments throughout the Jurassic. For nearly two centuries, one of the most familiar genera of teleosauroids has been Steneosaurus, encompassing nearly every teleosauroid species at some point. However, no type species has been designated for Steneosaurus under ICZN Code rules; the type specimen of the presumed type species S. rostromajor Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1825 (MNHN.RJN 134c-d), is a chimera that has been largely neglected in the literature. -
A New Species of the Metriorhynchid Crocodylomorph Cricosaurus from the Upper Jurassic of Southern Germany
A new species of the metriorhynchid crocodylomorph Cricosaurus from the Upper Jurassic of southern Germany SVEN SACHS, MARK T. YOUNG, PASCAL ABEL, and HEINRICH MALLISON Sachs, S., Young, M.T., Abel, P., and Mallison, H. 2019. A new species of metriorhynchid crocodylomorph Cricosaurus from the Upper Jurassic of southern Germany. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64 (2): 343–356. Here we describe a new species of the metriorhynchid thalattosuchian Cricosaurus, C. bambergensis sp. nov., from the Upper Jurassic Torleite Formation of Wattendorf near Bamberg, Bavaria (southern Germany). The holotype and only known specimen is a nearly complete skeleton that shows a number of diagnostic traits including a bicarinate dentition formed by labiolingually compressed tooth crowns that lack a conspicuous enamel ornamentation and the presence of a distinct midline ridge with paired depressions on the palatines. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers a grouping of Cricosaurus bambergensis sp. nov. with C. elegans and C. suevicus. The implications of the new Cricosaurus species to the species complex from the late Kimmeridgian–early Tithonian of southern Germany is discussed. Our description of C. bambergensis demonstrates that the specific, and morphological, diversity of Cricosaurus in southern Germany was higher than previously thought. This coincides with the recent trend of re-evaluating the species-complexes of extant taxa, and the identification of new “cryptic species”. As such, the crocodylomorph fossil record will need to be re- examined to ensure there is not an underestimation of their biodiversity. Key words: Crocodylomorpha, Metriorhynchidae, Cricosaurus, Upper Jurassic, Torleite Formation, Germany. Sven Sachs [[email protected]], Naturkunde-Museum Bielefeld, Abteilung Geowissenschaften, Adenauerplatz 2, 33602 Bielefeld, Germany; Im Hof 9, 51766 Engelskirchen, Germany (correspondence address). -
Article Paranasal Sinus System of Geosaurus
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):702–714, September 2009 # 2009 by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology ARTICLE PARANASAL SINUS SYSTEM OF GEOSAURUS ARAUCANENSIS AND THE HOMOLOGY OF THE ANTORBITAL FENESTRA OF METRIORHYNCHIDS (THALATTOSUCHIA: CROCODYLOMORPHA) MARTA S. FERNA´ NDEZ*,1 and YANINA HERRERA2 1Departamento Paleontologı´a Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, (1900) La Plata, Argentina, CONICET, [email protected]; 2Departamento Paleontologı´a Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, (1900) La Plata, Argentina, [email protected] ABSTRACT—Metriorhynchids have been interpreted as the only archosaurs entirely adapted to pelagic marine life, given the deep morphological modifications of their skeletons. The most conspicuous feature in the skull involves the “fenestra and fossa antorbitalis complex.” Exceptionally preserved natural cast of snout cavities of Geosaurus araucanen- sis, found in the Late Jurassic of the Neuque´n Basin (northwestern Patagonia, Argentina), allow exploration of the rostral anatomy of this metriorhynchid. The presence of a paranasal sinus system, hypothetically reconstructed by other authors using EPB method approach, can now be confirmed based on direct morphological evidence. We propose that the openings classically identified in the literature as internal and external antorbital fenestrae of metriorhynchid have been misidentified; the preorbital opening of metriorhynchids is a neomorph associated with a novel salt gland that evolved independent of the antorbital fenestra, and that the true antorbital cavity of G. araucanensis, as well as this cavity in all other metriorhynchids, is internalized. Although this hypothesis could be considered as unorthodox, it is the one that requires the least ad-hoc assumptions to explain observations. -
Filling the Corallian Gap: New Information on Late Jurassic Marine Reptile Faunas from England
Filling the Corallian gap: New information on Late Jurassic marine reptile faunas from England DAVIDE FOFFA, MARK T. YOUNG, and STEPHEN L. BRUSATTE Foffa, D., Young, M.T., and Brusatte, S.L. 2018. Filling the Corallian gap: New information on Late Jurassic marine reptile faunas from England. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 (2): 287–313. Two of the best known Mesozoic marine reptile assemblages can be found in units deposited in the Jurassic Sub- Boreal Seaway of the UK: the late Middle Jurassic Oxford Clay Formation (OCF) and Late Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation (KCF). They record two very differently structured faunas, but understanding the turnover between them is hampered by a gap in the fossil record that spans much of the Oxfordian, the so-called “Corallian gap”. We provide a comprehensive review of specimens from the Corallian Group (CG) of the UK, which includes the first descriptions of several fossils, particularly teeth. We demonstrate that there is a severe reduction in observed marine reptile diversity during the Oxfordian, with several Callovian taxa well known from the OCF not persisting into the Corallian strata, including small-to-mid-sized pliosaurids and longirostrine teleosaurids. We do, however, find evidence that at least one member of each key OCF lineage (plesiosauroids, pliosaurids, ichthyosaurs, and thalattosuchians) survived into the Corallian interval, and that one keystone KCF lineage (the Torvoneustes line of metriorhynchid thalattosuchians) was present during this time, indicating an earlier radiation of this group than previously thought. We suggest that faunal turnover between the OCF and KCF may have been driven by environmental perturbations during the Oxfordian, which selectively removed small bodied pliosaurids and longirostrine teleosaurids from the Jurassic Sub-Boreal Seaway, but less affected metriorhynchids, plesiosauroids, and ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs.